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IHaveADream

--MartinLutherKing,Jr.小组成员:李涧元2021/5/91IntroductionoffiguresAnalysisofspeechSummary1).Choiceofwords2).Sentencestructure3).Figuresofspeech

2021/5/92Introductionoffiguressimile明喻metaphor暗喻pun双关personification拟人hyperbole夸张metonymy借代、转喻onomatcpocia拟声irony讽刺climax层递parallelism排比allusion典故periodicsentence圆周句antonomasia换称synesthesia通感alliteration头韵repetition重复antithesis对照synecdoche提喻anaphora首语反复2021/5/93rhetoricalquestion修辞性问句:Thequestioneralreadyhaveananswerintheheart.oxymoron矛盾修饰法:Itisacompressedparadox,formedbytheconjoining(结合)oftwocontrasting,contradictoryorincongruous(不协调)termsasinbitter-sweetmemories,orderlychaos(混乱)andproudhumility(侮辱).transferredEpithets移就:Itisafigureofspeechwhereanepithet(anadjectiveordescriptivephrase)istransferredfromthenounitshouldrightlymodify(修饰)toanothertowhichitdoesnotreallyapplyorbelong.2021/5/94AnalysisofspeechFivescoreyearsago,agreatAmerican,inwhosesymbolicshadowwestandtoday,signedtheEmancipationProclamation.(Allusion典故、PeriodicSentence圆周句)Thismomentous

decree(Antonomasia换称)cameasagreatbeaconlightofhope(Simile明喻)tomillionsofNegroslaveswhohadbeensearedintheflamesofwitheringinjustice(Metaphor暗喻).Itcameasajoyousdaybreak(TransferredEpithets移就)toendthelongnightofbad

captivity(Simile明喻).

2021/5/95Butonehundredyearslater(Repetition重复、parallelism排比),theNegrostillisnotfree.Onehundredyearslater,thelifeoftheNegroisstillsadlycrippledbythemanaclesofsegregationandthechainsof

discrimination.Onehundredyearslater,theNegrolivesonalonelyislandofpovertyinthemidstofavastoceanofmaterialprosperity(Oxymoron矛盾修饰法、Metonymy转喻、TransferredEpithets移就).Onehundredyearslater,theNegroisstilllanguishedinthecornersofAmericansocietyandfindshimselfanexileinhisownland.Sowe’vecomeheretodaytodramatizeashamefulcondition.2021/5/96Inasensewe'vecometoournation'scapitaltocashacheck(Metaphor暗喻).WhenthearchitectsofourrepublicwrotethemagnificentwordsoftheConstitutionandtheDeclarationofIndependence,theyweresigningapromissorynotetowhicheveryAmericanwastofallheir.Thisnotewasapromisethatallmen,yes,blackmenaswellaswhitemen,wouldbeguaranteedthe"unalienableRights"of"Life,LibertyandthepursuitofHappiness."2021/5/972021/5/982021/5/99Itwouldbefatalforthenationtooverlooktheurgencyofthemoment.ThisswelteringsummeroftheNegro'slegitimatediscontent(Antithesis对照)willnotpassuntilthereisaninvigoratingautumnoffreedomandequality.Nineteensixty-threeisnotanend,butabeginning.AndthosewhohopethattheNegroneededtoblowoffsteamandwillnowbecontentwillhavearudeawakeningifthenationreturnstobusinessasusual.AndtherewillbeneitherrestnortranquilityinAmericauntiltheNegroisgrantedhiscitizenshiprights.Thewhirlwindsofrevoltwillcontinuetoshakethefoundationsofournationuntilthebrightdayofjusticeemerges.2021/5/9102021/5/911ThemarvelousnewmilitancywhichhasengulfedtheNegrocommunitymustnotleadustoadistrustofallwhitepeople,formanyofourwhitebrothers,asevidencedbytheirpresenceheretoday,havecometorealizethattheirdestinyistiedupwithourdestiny.Andtheyhavecometorealizethattheirfreedomisinextricablyboundtoourfreedom.2021/5/912Wecannotwalkalone(shortsentence).Andaswewalk,wemustmakethepledgethatweshallalwaysmarchahead.Wecannotturnback(shortsentence).Therearethosewhoareaskingthedevoteesofcivilrights,"Whenwillyoubesatisfied?"WecanneverbesatisfiedaslongastheNegroisthevictimoftheunspeakablehorrorsofpolicebrutality(rhetoricalquestion修辞性问句).Wecanneverbesatisfied(anaphora首语反复)

aslongasourbodies,heavywiththefatigueoftravel,cannotgainlodginginthemotelsofthehighwaysandthehotelsofthecities.Wecannotbesatisfied

aslongasaNegroinMississippicannotvoteandaNegroinNewYorkbelieveshehasnothingforwhichtovote.No,no,wearenotsatisfied,andwewillnotbesatisfieduntil"justicerollsdownlikewaters,andrighteousnesslikeamightystream(simile)."2021/5/913I

amnotunmindfulthatsomeofyouhavecomehereoutofgreattrialsandtribulations

(alliteration头韵).Someofyouhavecomefreshfromnarrowjailcells.Someofyouhavecomefromareaswhereyourquestforfreedomleftyoubatteredbythestormsofpersecutionandstaggeredbythewindsofpolicebrutality.Youhavebeentheveteransofcreativesuffering.(irony反语)Continuetoworkwiththefaiththatunearnedsufferingisredemptive.2021/5/914GobacktoMississippi,gobacktoAlabama,gobacktoSouthCarolina,gobacktoGeorgia,gobacktoLouisiana,gobacktotheslumsandghettosofournortherncities,(Repetition重复、parallelism排比)knowingthatsomehowthissituationcanandwillbechanged.Letusnotwallowinthevalleyofdespair.Isaytoyoutoday,myfriends,soeventhoughwefacethedifficultiesoftodayandtomorrow,Istillhaveadream.ItisadreamdeeplyrootedintheAmericandream.2021/5/915Ihaveadreamthatoneday

(Repetition重复、parallelism排比)thisnationwillriseup,liveuptothetruemeaningofitscreed:“Weholdthesetruthstobeself-evident;thatallmenarecreatedequal.”IhaveadreamthatonedayontheredhillsofGeorgiathesonsofformerslavesandthesonsofformerslave-ownerswillbeabletositdowntogetheratthetableofbrotherhood.IhaveadreamthatonedayeventhestateofMississippi,astateswelteringwiththeheatofinjustice,swelteringwiththeheatofoppression,willbetransformedintoanoasisoffreedomandjustice.Ihaveadreamthatmyfourchildrenwillonedayliveinanationwheretheywillnotbejudgedbythecoloriftheirskinbutbythecontentoftheircharacter.2021/5/916Ihaveadreamtoday.(Repetition重复、parallelism排比)

Ihaveadreamthatoneday(Repetition重复、parallelism排比)

downinAlabamawithitsgovernorhavinghislipsdrippingwiththewords(synecdoche提喻)ofinterpositionandnullification,onedayrightdowninAlabamalittleblackboysandblackgirlswillbeabletojoinhandswithlittlewhiteboysandwhitegirlsassistersandbrothers.Ihaveadreamtoday.Ihaveadreamthatonedayeveryvalleyshallbeexalted,everyhillandmountainshallbemadelow,theroughplaceswillbemadeplain,andthecrookedplaceswillbemadestraight,andthegloryoftheLordshallberevealed,andallfleshshallseeittogether(synecdoche提喻).2021/5/917Thisisourhope.ThisisthefaiththatIgobacktotheSouthwith.Withthisfaithwewillbeableto(climax层递)hewoutofthemountainofdespairastoneofhope.Withthisfaithwewillbeabletotransformthejanglingdiscordsofournationintoabeautifulsymphonyofbrotherhood.Withthisfaithwewillbeabletoworktogether,topraytogether,tostruggletogether,togotojailtogether,tostandupforfreedomtogether,knowingthatwewillbefreeoneday(Epiphora尾语反复).ThiswillbethedaywhenallofGod’schildrenwillbeabletosingwithnewmeaning.Mycountry,’tisofthee,Sweetlandofliberty,OftheeIsing:Landwheremyfathersdied,Landofthepilgrims’pride,FromeverymountainsideLetfreedomring.2021/5/918AndifAmericaistobeagreatnationthismustbecometrue.Soletfreedomring(personification拟人、Repetition重复、parallelism排比

)fromtheprodigioushilltopsofNewHampshire.LetfreedomringfromthemightymountainsofNewYork!LetfreedomringfromtheheighteningAlleghenie

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