UnitUnderstandingideas课件外研版英语八年级上册

学习目标通过本节课的学习，同学们将能：重点：1.熟练掌握现在完成时中

“for+

时间段”和

“since+

时间点/一般过去时的句子”的用法结构，准确运用这两个词

搭配现在完成时来表达动作从过去持续到现在。2.借助所学语法和给定的有用表达，如

“I

have

shared..with...for/since…"等，在小组讨论中清晰地分享自己的经历，提升口语表达能力。难点：在实际交流中自然且准确地运用现在完成时及相关结构分享经历。I'min

grade

seventhisyearandI

really

enjoymy

school

life.我今年上七年级，我非常享受我的校园生活。grade

n.年级She

read

an

articleabout

space

travel

in

thenewspaper.她在报纸上读了一篇关于太空旅行的文章。article

n.(报刊的)文章，论文LearnnewwordsI'vehad

itforabouttwo

years.I'vehaditsincetwoyears

ago.Howlonghaveyouhadyour

bike?FreetalkI

havestudiedEnglishfor_aboutfiveyears.HowlonghaveyoustudiedEnglish?I

have

lived

in

this

place

for

about

fifteen

years.I

have

lived

in

this

place

since

I

was

born.How

long

have

you

lived

in

this

place?He

hasbeenillfor

aboutthree

days.Hehasbeenillsince

Friday.Howlonghas

hebeen

ill?He

has

played

football

for

abouttwoyears.He

has

played_football

since

abouttwoyearsago.Howlonghasheplayed

football?Languagepractice(a)TheGianthasbeenaway

for

a

long

time.(b)

Sincethen,hehasn'tseen

a

childthere.观察以上句子，有什么特点?现在完成时的标志词现在完成时表示动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始、一直持续到现在，

多与

“since+点时间”或

“for+时间段”连

用。for表示“经过(一段时间)”,而since表示“自从(……以来)”。常见结构如下：Languagefocus现在完成时——

since

和

for

的用法for+

表示一段时间的状语1)一段时间+

agosince+

2)表示过去的某一时间点3)从句例：他住在这里有十六年了。Hehaslivedhere

for

16

years.他从十六年前起就住在这里了。Hehaslivedhere

since

16years

ago.【即时练】

翻译句子他从1991年起就住在这里了。He

has

lived

here

since

1991.他从出生起就住在这里。He

has

lived

here

since

he

was

born.迄今我已在这家酒店住一周了。I

have

stayed

in

the

hotel

for

a

week.5Nowfindmoresentenceswiththesestructuresinthereadingpassage.I

cannot

understand

why

spring

has

not

come(sincelast

year.I

haven't

heard

that

beautiful

bird

song(for

a

while.6Completethesentenceswithfor

or

since.1We

havebeen

friends

since

Grade

3.2Theyhavebeentogetherfor

threeyears.3.

Since

_lastyear,we'veshared

alot

ofhappymoments.Free

ice

creams,priceless

giftsMost

people

hope

to

receive

birthday

gifts.But

Jimmy

Teng,or

"Unclejimmy",

does

things

differently.The

74-year-old

has

sold

ice

creams

forthe

past

17

years

in

Singapore.Every

year,on

22

March—his

birthday—he

offers(offer)freeice

creams.Hehas

done

this

sincehis70th

birthday.This

year,Uncle

Jimmy

plans

to

give

away

800

ice

creams."Peoplehavebeen(be)quitestressedrecentlyandIwanttohelp,"hesaid.“Sharinghas

made

me

feel

happy

for

the

past

four

years.He

enjoyS(enjoy)talkingwithhis

customers.Many

of

them

have

become

hisfriends

sincethey

first

met.Some

students

helped

him

set

up

social

mediapages.He

has

made

many

friends

online

since

then.7Completethenewsarticlewith

for,since

or

thecorrectformof

thewordsinbrackets.Thinkand

sayWhyarethefreeicecreamsconsidered

priceless

gifts?Becausetheycanhelppeoplereduce

stress

and

sharingthembringshappiness.That'spriceless.WhatcanwelearnfromUnclejimmy'sstory?First,smallactsofkindness,likegivingfreeice-creams,can

bring

joy

to

others.Second,sharingmakesushappy.Last,nomatterhow

oldwe

are,wecanalwaysdo

good

things

for

others.When

didit

happen?What

happened?How

didyoufeel

about

it?Whathaveyoulearntfrom

it?Workinpairs.Discussyourexperienceofsharing.When

didit

happen?What

happened?Howdidyou

feel

about

it?Whathaveyoulearntfrom

it?1)Ihave

shared.with...for/since...2)Sharingreallybrings...3)Sharing

hasallowed/shown/taughtme...4)One

day.5)Howdoes

sharing

makeyoufeel?6)Itmakesme

feel..pairs

yourexperience

sharingUseful

expressionsWorkin.Discussof.Makea

conversationA:When

did

it

happen?B:Justyesterdayafterour

math

class.A:What

happened?B:SomeofourclassmatessaidIwasreally

helpful,and

theymightaskmefor

help

in

the

future

too.A:Howdidyoufeel

aboutit?B:I

felt

proud

and

satisfied

because

I

could

usewhatI

knewto

assist

Tom.Seeing

himunderstandtheproblemsmademehappy.A:Whathaveyoulearntfromit?B:Sharing

has

taught

me

that

helping

otherslearn

can

strengthen

my

own

knowledge,and

itbuildsgoodrelationships

among

classmates.Makea

conversation知识讲解1.

Most

peoplehopetoreceivebirthdaygifts.大多数人希望收到生日礼物。1)most的用法：

most作为限定词，表示“大多数的”,修饰名词复数

people。此外，most

还可作副词，如在形容词或副词前作最高级前the

most

beautiful;

作代词，表示“大多数，大部分”,如Most

of

them

are

students.。2)hope的用法：

hope

to

do

sth.

表示“希望做某事”,是固定搭配。hope

后还可接

that

引导的宾语从句I

hope

that

you

can

cometomorroW.需要注意的是，没有hope

sb.to

do

sth.

这种用法。3)re

ceive的用法：及物动词，意为“收到，接到”,强调客观上收到某物，与

accept

(主观上接受)有区别。【对点练习】1.

students

in

our

class

likeplaying

basketball.

.

Most

B.The

most

C.More

D.Many

of2.IhopeagoodjobafterI

graduatefrom

the

university.

A.getting

D

to

get

C.get

D.gets一2.This

year,Uncle

Jimmy

plans

to

give

away

800

ice

creams.今年，吉米叔叔计划送出800个冰淇淋。1)this

year:

时间状语，意为“今年”,可用于一般现在时、

一般将来时等时态的句子中，表明动作发生的时间背景。2)plan

的用法：plan

在此处作动词，意为“计划，打算”,

常用结构为plan

to

do

sth.,表示“计划做某事”。plan

还可

作名词，如make

a

plan

(制定计划)。3)give

away:

短语动词，意为“赠送；分发；泄露(秘密

等)”。在本句中是“赠送；分发”的意思。4)数词的使用：“800”是基数词，用于表示数量，后接可数

名

词

复

数

形

式“icecreams”。【对点练习】1.My

fathertotake

a

trip

to

Beijing

next

month.

A.planBplansC.planningD.planned2.Don't

my

secrets,please.A.giveupB.giveawayC.giveoutD.give

inB.3.He

enjoys

talking

with

his

customers.

他喜欢与客户交谈。1)enjoy

为及物动词，意为“喜欢；享受…

…的乐趣”,后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，即enjoy

sth.,enjoy

doing

sth.例如：

She

enjoys

music.她喜欢音乐。Heenjoysreadingbooks.他喜欢读书。注

意：不能用enjoytodo

sth.的形式。2)talk

with

意为“和……交谈”,强调双方相互交流，也可以用talk

to,talk

to有时更侧重于一方对另一方说话。例如：I

liketotalkwith/tomyparents

aboutmy

school

life.我喜欢和我的父母谈论我的学校生活。【对点练习】1.Mylittlesisterenjoys

storybooksbeforegoingtobed.A.readB.readsCVreadingD.to

read2.The

salesperson

is

talking

a

customer

about

the

new

product.

A.forw.with

C.inD.at4.Somestudentshelpedhimsetup

social

media

pages.一些学生帮助他建立了社交媒体页面。1)help

作动词，常见用法有help

sb.(to)do

sth.,

意为“帮助某人做某事”,其中to

可以省略。例

如

：My

mother

helps

me

(to)clean

my

room.我妈妈帮我打

扫房间。help还可作名词，如with

the

help

of(

在

…

…的帮助下)。2)set

up

是短语动词，意为“建立；创建；设立”,后面

可接名词或代词作宾语。【对点练习】1.Could

you

please

me

the

tent?

.

el

e;

u

p

l;

e;

et

g

up2.The

company

decided

to

a

new

website

to

promote

itsproducts.A.set

outBB/set

up

C.set

off

D.set

downtinupstpsheelppuetng;stipetlshptohCA

it.received;accept

B.accepted;receiveC.received;receive

D.accepted;accept2.He

plans

somebooks

to

the

children

in

the

poor

area.A.giveB.givingC.to

give

D.gives3.There

are

many

in

the

supermarket

on

weekends.知识讲解一、单项选择1.I

aletter

from

my

friendyesterday,but

I

didn't

want

toA.customerB.customersC.customD.customs14.We