陕西省渭南市韩城市高三上学期11月期中英语试题【含答案详解】

韩城市2025~2026学年度第一学期期中质量检测高三英语注意事项：1.本试题共10页，满分150分，时间120分钟。2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和准考证号填写在答题卡上。3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。涂写在本试卷上无效。4.作答非选择题时，将答案书写在答题卡上，书写在本试卷上无效。5.考试结束后，监考员将答题卡按顺序收回，装袋整理；试题不回收。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdidthemandojustnow?A.Hewenttoaconcert.B.HeplayedwithLily.C.Hedidhishomework.2.Howdoesthemanfeelnow?A.Worried.B.Confused.C.Relieved.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Amedicalresearch.B.ANobelPrizewinner.C.Anewbook.4.Howmanyhoursistheshopopeneveryday?A.8.B.11.C.15.5.Whatisthelibrarytryingtoimprove?A.Thebookvariety.B.Thereadingspace.C.Thestaffservice.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewebsitemainlyoffer?A.Listeningmaterials.B.Videosaboutculture.C.Readingexercises.7.WhatdoesKatethinkofthenewssection?A.It'stoofasttofollow.B.It'sclearandstandard.C.It'sboringandtooshort.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Howmuchwasthepicturesoldforintheend?A.$1.8million.B.$2million.C.$3.8million.9.Whatcanbeseenintheoriginalpicture?A.Abluelotus.B.Amaninavase.C.Adogbehindavase.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.What'sthematterwithBetty?A.Shehurtherfoot.B.Shecutherarm.C.Shebrokeherleg.11.Whenisthevisitingtime?A.Inthemorning.B.Duringlunchtime.C.Intheafternoon.12.WhatwillthewomantaketoBetty?A.Magazines.B.chocolate.C.Fruit.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisthemanprobablydoing?A.Chairingameeting.B.Hostingaprogramme.C.Reportingapieceofnews.14.Whattechnologywillbeusedinfuturephysicaleducation?A.VirtualReality.B.Facialrecognition.C.3Dprintingtechnology.15.Whichofthefollowingbelongstobasicsportsaccordingtothewoman?A.Long-distancerunning.B.VRtennistraining.C.Trackandfield.16.HowwillPElessonsbedifferentfromtoday'sones?A.Itwillbedemanding.B.Itwillbeboring.C.Itwillbeopen-ended.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatideadoesthelectureaimtoexpress?A.Animals'habitsofstoringfood.B.Thewaysquirrelshidenuts.C.ThelocationsofsquirrelsinAmerica.18.InwhichpartoftheUSdoesthesquirrelmentionedlive?A.Thesoutheast.B.Thenortheast.C.Thesouthwest.19.Whendoesthesquirrelcollectnuts?A.Inwinter.B.Inspring.C.Inautumn.20.Whydoesthesquirrelputonenutinmanydifferentholes?A.Tomakesureitcanfindfoodlater.B.Tohelpotheranimalssurvive.C.Tostorefoodforitsbabies.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASportsarenotamoderninventionPeoplearoundtheworldhaveenjoyedexcitingandmeaningfulsportssinceancienttimes.Herearesomeexamplesofancientsportsfromdifferentcultures.EgyptianPharaohs’RunningRaceInancientEgypt,kingsdemonstratedtheirphysicalstrengthbyrunningduringtheSedFestival.Thisspecialeventtookplacewhenakinghadruledfor30years.Forexample,PharaohDjoserranaroundthetempleforalongtimetoprovehewasstillhealthyandstrong.MinoanBull-LeapingTheMinoanpeoplecreatedaverydangeroussportcalledbull-leaping.Inthisevent,athleteswouldrundirectlyatachargingbull,grabitshorns(角)andleapoveritsback.WallpaintingsfromthePalaceofKnossosshowtheseexcitingscenes.MesopotamianWrestlingAncientMesopotamianspracticedwrestlingandboxing.Stonecarvingsshowstrongfighterswearingskirtsduringmatches.Thesematcheswereintense,withfighterswrestlinglikewildanimals.Theyshowedfighters’courageandstrength.AncientChineseArcheryIntheZhouDynasty’sroyaleducation,archerywasarequiredskillformen.Competitions,called“sheyi”,wereheldwithstrictrulesandceremonies.Towin,apersonneededbothphysicalskillandqualitiessuchasgrace,self-controlandrespect.Thesecontestsoftentookplaceintemplesandservedtopromotemoralvaluesandsocialorder.Althoughancientsportsvariedwidelyinformandintent,theyuniversallyhighlightedthevalueofskill.Beyondmerecompetition,theseactivitiesweredeeplyintegratedintotheirsocieties,reflectingculturalbeliefsandshapingasenseofcommunity.1.WhatdoMinoanbull-leapingandMesopotamianwrestlinghaveincommon?A.Theyfollowedstrictceremonies. B.Theywerephysicallydemanding.C.Theywerecreatedtohonorkings. D.Theyincludedfightingagainstanimals.2.WhatmakesancientChinesearcheryunique?A.Ithadflexiblerules. B.Itencouragedself-expression.C.Ithelpedbuildcharacter. D.Itservedaspublicentertainment.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tostresstheimportanceofsportsanditspracticalroles.B.Toinformreadersofmodernsportsandtheirbasicfeatures.CToshowreaderssomeancientsportsandtheirculturalvalue.D.Todiscussthepossibleoriginsandrelatedtheoriesofsports.【答案】1.B2.C3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了古埃及、米诺斯、美索不达米亚和古代中国的四种古老运动及其特点和意义。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据MinoanBull-Leaping中的“Inthisevent,athleteswouldrundirectlyatachargingbull,grabitshornsandleapoveritsback.(在这项运动中，运动员要径直冲向一头狂奔的公牛，抓住牛角并跳过牛背)”以及MesopotamianWrestling中的“Thesematcheswereintense,withfighterswrestlinglikewildanimals.Theyshowedfighters’courageandstrength.(这些比赛非常激烈，选手们像野兽一样角力。这展现了选手们的勇气和力量)”可知，米诺斯跳牛和美索不达米亚摔跤的共同之处在于两者对体能要求都很高。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据AncientChineseArchery中的“Towin,apersonneededbothphysicalskillandqualitiessuchasgrace,self-controlandrespect.Thesecontestsoftentookplaceintemplesandservedtopromotemoralvaluesandsocialorder.(要获胜，一个人既需要身体技能，还需要优雅、自律和尊重等品质。这些比赛常在寺庙举行，旨在弘扬道德价值观和维护社会秩序)”可知，中国古代射箭的独特之处在于它有助于培养人的品格。故选C项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Peoplearoundtheworldhaveenjoyedexcitingandmeaningfulsportssinceancienttimes.Herearesomeexamplesofancientsportsfromdifferentcultures.(自古以来，世界各地的人们都喜爱着既刺激又有意义的运动。以下是来自不同文化的一些古代运动案例)”以及最后一段“Althoughancientsportsvariedwidelyinformandintent,theyuniversallyhighlightedthevalueofskill.Beyondmerecompetition,theseactivitiesweredeeplyintegratedintotheirsocieties,reflectingculturalbeliefsandshapingasenseofcommunity.(尽管古代体育运动的形式和目的各不相同，但它们都强调技术的价值。除了单纯的竞争之外，这些活动还深深融入了他们的社会，反映了文化信仰，塑造了一种社区意识)”可知，本文的目的是向读者介绍一些古代运动及其文化价值。故选C项。BTheHimalayanwolfandsnowleopardaretoppredators(捕食者)inalpineecosystems.AcrossthediverselandscapesoftheAsianhighlands,herdingcommunitiesexhibitvaryingattitudestowardssnowleopardsandwolves.Althoughsnowleopardscausegreaterlivestockloss,thesecommunitiesgenerallyshowgreatertoleranceandacceptancetowardssnowleopards.Thisillustratesthepredatorparadox,wherethemoredamagingpredatoriscontradictorilymoretolerated.AttitudestowardssnowleopardsandwolvesintheHimalayasareshapedbyfactorslikereligionandculture.Snowleopardsholdsignificantculturalandspiritualvalue,especiallyinBuddhism.Localfolktalesboostsnowleopards’awe,portrayingthemasholybeingslinkedtospiritualbeliefsofthecommunities.Incontrasttotheaweforsnowleopards,wolvesarewidelydislikedandfeared.Thisnegativeviewstemsfromfolklore,wherewolvesareportrayedassly(狡猾的)andmercilesspredators.Thesetalesshapepublicviews,fosteringhostilityandfeartowardswolves.ConservationeffortsintheHimalayasprimarilyconcentrateonsnowleopards,oftenoverlookingothersympatheticcarnivores(食肉动物),likewolves.Consequently,programsforpopulationmonitoring,habitatpreservation,andlivestockinsurancemainlybenefitsnowleopards,leavingwolveswithminimalattentionorresources.Additionally,keypolicydocumentsprioritizesnowleopardconservationefforts,neglectingtheecologicalsignificanceofwolves.Thismistakeslowsdowncarnivoreprotectionandmakeslocalcommunitiesfeelbittertowardswolves.Interestingly,thisdifferenceexistsdespiteboththesnowleopardandtheHimalayanwolfbeinggloballyclassifiedasVulnerableontheIUCNRedList.BothsnowleopardsandwolvesarecrucialtotheHimalayanecosystem,butconservationhasoverwhelminglyfavoredsnowleopards.Thisimbalanceinattentionandresourcesworsensthechallengesfacedbywolves,highlightingtheneedforabalancedapproachtoconservebothspecieseffectively.4.Whatphenomenondoesthe“predatorparadox”describeinParagraph1?A.Toppredatorsalwayscauseherdanimalsloss.B.Localstoleratedifferenttoppredatorsequally.C.Conservationfocusesonmoretoleratedpredators.D.Moreharmfulpredatorsaremoreacceptedlocally.5.Whatcanweknowabouttheinfluenceoffolklore?A.Itimprovesthealpineecosystembalancegreatly.B.Itworsenslocals’bitternessofthetwoanimals.C.Itshapesvariousattitudestowardsthetwoanimals.D.Itpushespeopletoprotectsympatheticcarnivoresoverall.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“neglecting”meaninParagraph3?A.Reflecting. B.Inspiring. C.Establishing. D.Ignoring.7.Whydoestheauthorsayabalancedconservationapproachisneeded?A.Becausecurrentimbalanceharmswolvesevenmore.B.Becausethelocalslackanimalprotectionawareness.C.Becausewolveshavethemaximalattentionandresources.D.Becausesnowleopardsareharmfultoecologicalbalance.【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了喜马拉雅地区的雪豹和狼均为关键顶级掠食者，但当地社区和环保政策对雪豹更宽容，而对狼持敌视态度，导致当前保护工作偏向雪豹，忽视狼的生态价值，亟需调整策略以实现均衡保护。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Althoughsnowleopardscausegreaterlivestockloss,thesecommunitiesgenerallyshowgreatertoleranceandacceptancetowardssnowleopards.Thisillustratesthepredatorparadox,wherethemoredamagingpredatoriscontradictorilymoretolerated.(尽管雪豹造成的牲畜损失更大，但社区通常对雪豹表现出更高的容忍度和接受度。这体现了“捕食者悖论”——破坏性更大的捕食者反而更被容忍。)”可知，“捕食者悖论”描述的是破坏性更大的捕食者反而更被接受的现象。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Localfolktalesboostsnowleopards’awe,portrayingthemasholybeingslinkedtospiritualbeliefsofthecommunities.Incontrasttotheaweforsnowleopards,wolvesarewidelydislikedandfeared.Thisnegativeviewstemsfromfolklore,wherewolvesareportrayedassly(狡猾的)andmercilesspredators.Thesetalesshapepublicviews,fosteringhostilityandfeartowardswolves.(当地民间传说将雪豹描绘成与社区精神信仰有关的神圣生物，从而增强了人们对雪豹的敬畏。与人们对雪豹的敬畏相反，狼却广受厌恶和恐惧。这种负面观点源于民间传说，在民间传说中，狼被描绘成狡猾无情的掠食者。这些故事塑造了公众的观点，助长了对狼的敌意和恐惧。)”可知，民间传说塑造了对雪豹敬畏，对狼厌恶的不同态度。故选C项。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“Thismistakeslowsdowncarnivoreprotectionandmakeslocalcommunitiesfeelbittertowardswolves.(这一错误减缓了对食肉动物的保护，并使当地社区对狼产生了怨恨。)”可知，关键政策文件存在错误，结果加剧了人们对狼的厌恶。由此可知，关键政策文件侧重雪豹，忽略了狼的生态价值，画线词意为“忽视，忽略”，与Ignoring“忽视，对……不予理会”意思接近。故选D项。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Thisimbalanceinattentionandresourcesworsensthechallengesfacedbywolves,highlightingtheneedforabalancedapproachtoconservebothspecieseffectively.(这种关注度和资源的不平衡加剧了狼面临的挑战，凸显了需要采取平衡的方法来有效保护这两个物种。)”可知，作者认为当前保护的不平衡使狼的处境恶化，因此需要平衡保护策略。故选A项。CNotlongago,youhadtophysicallyhandovercashtobuysomething.Youwitnesseditexityourwallet.Yousensedit.ButwithpaymentservicesKlarnaorClearpay,youcannowpayforanewphoneinthreeinstallments(分期付款)andbarelynoticethedifference.Thisisn’tjustashoppinghabit;it’sareflectionofhowwerelatetomoneytoday.Wearebecomingincreasinglyfreeoftheemotionalburdenofspending.Additionally,ourmentalhealthisbeingprofoundlyaffectedbythisquietshift.ThepopularityofBuyNow,PayLater(BNPL)planshasincreasedsharply.Theypromisefreedomandflexibility,buttheeaseofusecantrickourminds.Whenpaymentisdividedintosmallerpayments,wearewiredtofeellessemotionallytired.Althoughthe£15paymentsseeminsignificant,theyquicklyaddup.Psychologistsfoundthatwhentheactofpayingisseparatedfromtheactofpurchasing,weexperienceless“painofpaying”,whichmakesusmorelikelytooverspend.Insocietieswheredigitalcreditiseasilyaccessiblebutfinancialeducationislimited,thisbehaviourcanleadtolastingdebt.Stressovermoneydoesn’tstayinthebank.Itfollowsusintoourhomesandevenoursleep.Researchhasshownthatpersonaldebtisstronglyassociatedwithdepressionandanxiety.That’swhyweneedtotalkaboutmoneymoreoften—infamilies,schools,workplaces,andtherapyrooms.Therapistsshouldbeabletoaskaboutfinancialstresswithconfidence.Financialeducationoughttobetreatedasessentialinschools.Additionally,weshouldnormalizedebt-relatedconversationstorelievepeople’sfeelingsofshame.Financialstresscanmakeyoufeelhelpless.Butbyaddressingtheemotionalsideofmoneyandbuildinghealthierhabits,wecanmovefromcrisistoconfidence.Weliveinaworldwheremoneyisinvisible.Buttheemotionalburdenittakesisveryreal.Ifwestartnoticingthatcost,wemightfinallytreatmoneynotonlyasaresource,butassomethingdeeplypsychological.8.Whatistheprimaryfunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Toofferasuggestion. B.Toleadintothemaintopic.C.Tostresstheimportanceofsaving. D.Topresentaresearchfinding.9.WhatmayBNPLresultin?AImprovedfinancialknowledge. B.Easyaccesstodigitalcredit.C.Overspendingandlong-termdebt. D.Decreaseofsmall-amountexpenses.10.Howcanwebuildhealthierfinancialhabits?A.Byvaluingfinancialeducation. B.Byincreasingsmalldailyspending.C.Byignoringdebt-relatedproblems. D.ByrelyingonBNPLformostpurchases.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Money’sEmotionalCost:BeyondInvisiblePaymentsB.CashShopping:TheHealthyWayofConsumptionC.BNPL:ANewApproachtoBoostConsumerSpendingD.FinancialEducation:TheCoretoCuttingExpenses【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨先买后付支付方式对人们消费心理和心理健康的影响，并提出应对财务压力的建议。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“ButwithpaymentservicesKlarnaorClearpay,youcannowpayforanewphoneinthreeinstallmentsandbarelynoticethedifference.Thisisn’tjustashoppinghabit;it’sareflectionofhowwerelatetomoneytoday.(但通过Klarna或Clearpay等支付服务，你现在可以分三期购买一部新手机，而且几乎感觉不到差别。这不仅仅是一种购物习惯；这反映了我们如今与金钱的关系)”可知，第一段通过对比过去现金支付和现在分期付款的购物方式，引出本文关于人们与金钱关系的核心话题，起到引入主题的作用。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Psychologistsfoundthatwhentheactofpayingisseparatedfromtheactofpurchasing,weexperienceless“painofpaying”,whichmakesusmorelikelytooverspend.Insocietieswheredigitalcreditiseasilyaccessiblebutfinancialeducationislimited,thisbehaviourcanleadtolastingdebt.(心理学家发现，当支付行为与购买行为分离时，我们感受到的“支付痛苦”会减少，这使得我们更容易超支。在数字信贷容易获得但金融教育有限的社会，这种行为可能导致长期债务)”可知，先买后付模式可能导致超支和长期债务。故选C项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Financialeducationoughttobetreatedasessentialinschools.Additionally,weshouldnormalizedebt-relatedconversationstorelievepeople’sfeelingsofshame.(金融教育应被视为学校的必修课。此外，我们应该让债务相关的讨论常态化，以减轻人们的羞耻感)”可知，重视金融教育是养成健康财务习惯的一种方式。故选A项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Weliveinaworldwheremoneyisinvisible.Buttheemotionalburdenittakesisveryreal.Ifwestartnoticingthatcost,wemightfinallytreatmoneynotonlyasaresource,butassomethingdeeplypsychological.(我们生活在一个金钱无形的世界里。但它带来的情感负担是非常真实的。如果我们开始关注这一成本，我们可能最终会不仅把金钱视为一种资源，还会把它视为一种与心理密切相关的东西)”可知，文章核心围绕支付方式无形化背后金钱带来的情感成本展开。因此A项“金钱的情感成本：超越无形支付”适合作为文章标题。故选A项。DThereisanewtypeofcamerathatworksinawaysimilartohumaneyes,whichmaybeextremelyusefulforthosewhostudythestarsandplanets.Itcanclearlyshowbothextremelybrightcelestialbodies(天体)andfainterobjectsinthesamephoto,andcanalsotrackfast-movingcelestialbodieswithoutmotion-causedunclearimages.Traditionaldigitalcamerasworkbycheckingpixels(像素)manytimespersecond,recordingdatafromeverypixeleachtime.Thesenewcameras,knownaseventcameras,workdifferently:Apixelisonlycheckedwhenthebrightnessatthatpixel’slocationchanges.Ifthebrightnessatapointonthesensoristhesameasthepreviousreading,nonewdataisstored.Thisissimilartohowhumaneyescollectsensoryinformation.Thisworkingmethodhasadvantages.Forthesamevideo,itstoreslessdataasitonlyrecordspixelswithchangingbrightness,anditcanoperateatamuchhigherrate.Inaddition,suchcamerascanshowfaintobjectsevenwithverybrightonesnearby.Thisisbecausetheirpixelsdetectlightinadifferentwayinsteadoffollowingalinearscale.Toexplorethepotentialofthistechnologyinthestudyofcelestialbodies,ChetanSinghThakurfromtheIndianInstituteofScienceandhiscolleaguesinstalledthesecamerasoneachofthetwotelescopesinIndia.TheysuccessfullygotclearimagesofobjectsbetweentheEarthandtheMoonandalsotookpicturesoftheSiriusbinarysystem,whichconsistsofSiriusA,thebrighteststarinthenightsky,andSiriusB.MarkNorrisfromtheUniversityofCentralLancashireintheUK,notinvolvedinthestudy,pointedoutthatSiriusAisabout10,000timesbrighterthanSiriusB,whichmeanstraditionalsensorscannevershowbothclearlyinasinglephoto.Meanwhile,SinghThakuradded,“Thesecamerasarealsoexcellentatdetectingfast-movingobjectsduetotheirhigherrates.Ordinarycameraswouldonlyproduceunclearimages.”12.Whomaybenefitgreatlyfromthenewtypeofcamera?A.Designers. B.Astronomers. C.Performers. D.Composers.13.Whichstatementmatchestheeventcameras’workingmode?A.Theycheckpixelsallthetime. B.Theytendtostorethesamedata.C.Theyrecordstablepixels’locations. D.Theyfocusonchangingbrightnessdata.14.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlyshowabouttheeventcameras?A.Theirpracticalapplication. B.Theirinstallationprocess.C.Theirmajorcomponents. D.Theirpotentialdisadvantages.15.WhatisMarkNorris’sattitudetotheeventcameras?A.Indifferent. B.Doubtful. C.Uncertain. D.Approving.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新型事件相机，其工作原理类似人眼，仅记录亮度变化的像素数据，能同时清晰捕捉高亮和微弱天体，并跟踪快速移动目标。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Thereisanewtypeofcamerathatworksinawaysimilartohumaneyes,whichmaybeextremelyusefulforthosewhostudythestarsandplanets.(有一种新型相机的工作原理类似于人眼，可能对那些研究恒星和行星的人极其有用。)”可知，该相机主要适用于研究恒星和行星的人，因此天文学家可能从这种新型相机中大大受益。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Apixelisonlycheckedwhenthebrightnessatthatpixel’slocationchanges.Ifthebrightnessatapointonthesensoristhesameasthepreviousreading,nonewdataisstored.(只有当某个像素位置的亮度发生变化时，该像素才会被检测。如果传感器上某个点的亮度与之前的读数相同，则不会存储新数据。)”可知，这种相机的工作原理是仅记录亮度变化的数据。故选D项。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Toexplorethepotentialofthistechnologyinthestudyofcelestialbodies,ChetanSinghThakurfromtheIndianInstituteofScienceandhiscolleaguesinstalledthesecamerasoneachofthetwotelescopesinIndia.TheysuccessfullygotclearimagesofobjectsbetweentheEarthandtheMoonandalsotookpicturesoftheSiriusbinarysystem,whichconsistsofSiriusA,thebrighteststarinthenightsky,andSiriusB.(为了探索这项技术在天体研究中的潜力，印度科学研究所的ChetanSinghThakur和他的同事们在印度的两台望远镜上分别安装了这些相机。他们成功地获得了地球和月球之间物体的清晰图像，并拍摄了天狼星双星系统的照片，该系统由夜空中最亮的恒星天狼星A和天狼星B组成。)”可知，该段主要描述了这种相机在天文观测中的实际应用。故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“MarkNorrisfromtheUniversityofCentralLancashireintheUK,notinvolvedinthestudy,pointedoutthatSiriusAisabout10,000timesbrighterthanSiriusB,whichmeanstraditionalsensorscannevershowbothclearlyinasinglephoto.Meanwhile,SinghThakuradded,“Thesecamerasarealsoexcellentatdetectingfast-movingobjectsduetotheirhigherrates.Ordinarycameraswouldonlyproduceunclearimages.”(未参与该研究的英国中央兰开夏大学的MarkNorris指出，天狼星A比天狼星B亮约1万倍，这意味着传统传感器永远无法在同一张照片中清晰地显示两者。与此同时，SinghThakur补充道：“由于更高的帧率，这些相机在检测快速移动的天体时也非常出色。普通相机只能产生不清晰的图像。”)”可知，MarkNorris肯定了事件相机相比于传统相机的优势：能同时捕捉亮度差异极大的天体，以及能检测快速移动的天体，因此他的态度是“认可”。故选D项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Choosingthebestdietforyoucanoftenseemascomplexasrocketscience.Itrequiresamajorcommitmentoftime,effort,willpower,andinsomecases,money.Butwheredoyoubegin?____16____Assessingyourindividualgoalsandanyspecifichealthconcernsisanimportantstepofchoosingtherightdietforyourhealthandlifestyle.Youcanreflectonhowtheymadeyoufeel,bothphysicallyandmentally.____17____Whichpositivehabitsdoyoualreadyhaveandwishtocontinue?Startingadietcanbedrivenbyarangeofmotivatingfactors.Theyincludeweightloss,diseasepreventionandsavingmoneyandthelike.Youwill,however,probablypictureweightlossasthedrivingone,becauseoftherepeatedmarketingfromtheweight-lossindustry.____18____Butfindingadietthat'srightforyouismorethanweightloss.____19____Theyencouragetheconsumptionofwholeorminimallyprocessedfoods,whichincludeavarietyoffruitsandvegetables,qualityprotein,wholegrainsandhealthyfats.Theyemphasizelimitingaddedsugarsandsalt.Theyallowflexibilitysothatfamiliescaneattogetheroryoucangoouttodinnerwithoutworryingaboutwhattoeat.Changewon'thappenovernight,andyourdietisonlyonecomponentofabalancedandsustainableapproachtolong-termlifestylechanges.____20____Rapidandextremechangesmaybedifficulttosustainandcouldhavenegativeeffectsasaresult.A.Extremechangesarenecessarytoseequickimprovementsinyourhealth.B.Meanwhile,youshouldalsotakeyourpresenteatinghabitsintoaccount.C.It'salsoimportanttofocusondietsthatfamouspeoplehavetried.D.Settingrealisticexpectationsneedstoallowforgradualadaptation.E.Whatgooddietshaveincommonisthattheyareallaboutbalance.F.Newdietfoodsarecontinuallyintroduced,oftenpromisingquickandeasyresults.G.Expertsbelowwalkyouthroughchoosingadietforyouruniquegoalsandneeds.【答案】16.G17.B18.F19.E20.D【解析】【导语】这一篇说明文。文章指出选择合适饮食虽复杂，但需先评估自身目标与健康状况、考虑现有饮食习惯，优质饮食注重平衡。同时强调改变应循序渐进，不可追求快速极端调整，需贴合个人需求。【16题详解】根据上文“Choosingthebestdietforyoucanoftenseemascomplexasrocketscience.Itrequiresamajorcommitmentoftime,effort,willpower,andinsomecases,money.Butwheredoyoubegin?(为自身选择最佳的饮食方式往往看起来就像是一项高深莫测的复杂任务。这需要投入大量的时间、精力、意志力，有时甚至还需要一定的资金。那么，你该从何处着手呢？)”可知，前文提出“选择适合自己的饮食看似复杂，该从何开始？”的疑问，需要一个承上启下的句子引出后续方法。G选项“Expertsbelowwalkyouthroughchoosingadietforyouruniquegoalsandneeds.”（以下专家将带你了解如何根据自身独特目标和需求选择饮食）直接回应了“从何开始”的疑问，自然引出下文的具体步骤（评估目标、考虑习惯等），逻辑衔接紧密。故选G。【17题详解】根据上文“Youcanreflectonhowtheymadeyoufeel,bothphysicallyandmentally.(你可以思考一下他们给你带来的感受，包括身体上的和心理上的)”以及后文“Whichpositivehabitsdoyoualreadyhaveandwishtocontinue?(你已经养成并且希望继续保持的哪些积极习惯呢？)”可知，前文提到“评估个人目标和健康问题，反思饮食带来的身心感受”，后文问“你已有哪些积极习惯并希望延续？”，需补充“考虑现有饮食习惯”的过渡。B选项“Meanwhile,youshouldalsotakeyourpresenteatinghabitsintoaccount.”（同时，你还应考虑自己目前的饮食习惯）中“Meanwhile”承接前文“评估目标”的步骤，“presenteatinghabits”与后文“positivehabits”形成呼应，填补了逻辑空白。故选B。【18题详解】根据上文“Startingadietcanbedrivenbyarangeofmotivatingfactors.Theyincludeweightloss,diseasepreventionandsavingmoneyandthelike.Youwill,however,probablypictureweightlossasthedrivingone,becauseoftherepeatedmarketingfromtheweight-lossindustry.(开始节食往往是由多种因素驱动的。这些因素包括减肥、预防疾病以及节省开支等等。不过，由于减肥行业反复进行的营销宣传，你可能会认为减肥是主要的驱动因素)”可知，前文指出“减肥是饮食的常见动机，源于减肥行业的反复营销”，需进一步解释“为何减肥会成为主要动机”。F选项“Newdietfoodsarecontinuallyintroduced,oftenpromisingquickandeasyresults.”（新的减肥食品不断推出，通常承诺快速简便的效果）解释了减肥行业的营销手段（通过新产品和“快速见效”的宣传），呼应前文“repeatedmarketing”，同时为后文“Butfindingadietthat'srightforyouismorethanweightloss.(但适合你的饮食不止是为了减肥)”做铺垫，形成转折逻辑。故选F。【19题详解】根据后文“Theyencouragetheconsumptionofwholeorminimallyprocessedfoods,whichincludeavarietyoffruitsandvegetables,qualityprotein,wholegrainsandhealthyfats.Theyemphasizelimitingaddedsugarsandsalt.Theyallowflexibilitysothatfamiliescaneattogetheroryoucangoouttodinnerwithoutworryingaboutwhattoeat.(他们鼓励人们食用未加工或仅进行简单加工的食物，这类食物包括各种各样的水果和蔬菜、优质蛋白质、全谷物以及健康脂肪。他们强调要限制添加糖和盐的摄入量。同时，他们也给予了一定的灵活性，以便家庭成员能够一起用餐，或者您也可以外出就餐而无需担心吃什么)”可知，后文详细描述了“优质饮食的共同特点”（吃天然食物、多样搭配、限制糖盐、灵活适配生活），需一个总起句概括“优质饮食的共性”。E选项“Whatgooddietshaveincommonisthattheyareallaboutbalance.”（优质饮食的共同点在于它们都注重平衡）是后文内容的核心概括，“balance”对应后文“varietyoffruitsandvegetables”、“flexibility”等细节，总起全段，逻辑清晰。故选E。【20题详解】根据上文“Changewon'thappenovernight,andyourdietisonlyonecomponentofabalancedandsustainableapproachtolong-termlifestylechanges.(改变并非一蹴而就，而你的饮食只是实现长期生活方式转变的平衡且可持续策略中的一部分)”以及后文“Rapidandextremechangesmaybedifficulttosustainandcouldhavenegativeeffectsasaresult.(快速且剧烈的变化可能难以持续下去，并且可能会带来负面的影响)”可知，前文提到“改变不会一蹴而就，饮食只是长期生活方式调整的一部分”，后文强调“快速极端的改变难以维持，可能有负面影响”，需补充“设定现实预期，逐步适应”的观点。D选项“Settingrealisticexpectationsneedstoallowforgradualadaptation.”（设定现实的预期需要考虑逐步适应）与前文“changewon'thappenovernight”和后文“Rapidandextremechangesmaybedifficulttosustain”形成呼应，强化了“循序渐进”的核心观点，逻辑一致。故选D。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Anotherwildlybrightflashoflightningcrackedinthesky!I____21____threwmyselfintomymum’sarmswithfear.“Weshouldleavehererightaway!”Isaidina____22____tone.Dadrefusedmyrequestagainbecausethecityhadalreadybeen____23____severely.Mumheldmyhandtightlyandtriedherbesttomakeme____24____.Dadturnedontheflashlight,satdownandhuggedus.“WhataboutMrs.Thomson?Oldandweak,shemustbeextremely____25____.”Mumsaidwhenshethoughtaboutournice____26____,wholivedaloneupstairs.Afterabriefdiscussion,MumandDaddecidedto____27____whetherMrs.Thomsonwassafe.Thenwewentupstairsstepbystep.Whenwefinally____28____Mrs.Thomson’sdoor,Dadknockedgentlybutfirmly.Afterwhatfeltlikeaneternity(永恒),thedooropened,showingMrs.Thomson’s____29____face.“Thankgoodnessyou’rehere!”shewhispered,hervoicetrembling.Wequickly____30____herbackdownstairstoourapartment,whereweallhuddledtogether,findinga____31____ineachother’scompany.Suddenly,abunchofsearching____32____fromarescueboatflashedacrossMrs.Thomson’swindow.Withinminutes,therescueteamarrived,____33____usallintotheboatsafely.Aswesailedaway,Ilookedback,feeling____34____forourbraveryandlove.Itwasourbraveryandlovethathadkeptustogetherthroughthe____35____.21.A.actually B.especially C.immediately D.extremely22.A.crying B.ordering C.smiling D.forgiving23.A.managed B.protected C.monitored D.flooded24.A.giveoff B.calmdown C.takeover D.setout25.A.g