专题02 《非谓语动词（定语与状语）》期末复习教学设计

专题02《非谓语动词（定语与状语）》期末复习教学设计考情透视·目标导航考点考情分析动词不定式作定语、状语【考向透视】<br>1.聚焦非谓语动词核心运用：重点考查非谓语动词作定语、状语的基本规则与灵活应用。<br>2.重视特殊结构衔接：强化“it形式主语/宾语”句型与非谓语动词的结合考查。<br>3.突出语境化考查：非谓语动词常融入语法填空、短文改错等语篇题型，要求结合上下文精准判断，侧重语境理解与语法运用的综合能力。<br>4.强调语法综合衔接：常与名词性从句、状语从句等语法点交叉考查，需准确区分从句类型与非谓语动词的功能边界。<br>【复习目标】<br>1.夯实核心语法体系：熟练掌握非谓语动词（不定式、现在分词、过去分词）作定语、状语的基本用法与适用场景，精准判断其语法功能。<br>2.突破难点易错盲区：攻克非谓语动词与名词性从句的辨析、特殊结构中非谓语的选择等易错点。<br>3.提升语境应用能力：在语篇语境中快速分析句子结构，准确填写非谓语动词形式，提高语法填空题型的准确率。<br>4.强化写作实践运用：在书面表达中灵活运用非谓语动词丰富句式结构，提升语言表达的规范性与高级感。现在分词作定语、状语过去分词作定语、状语知识梳理与方法指导第一部分非谓语动词作定语知识点01动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语时，需置于被修饰的名词或不定代词之后，作后置定语。常见修饰对象包括：chance、way、opportunity、right、dream、ambition、time、power、ability、attempt、promise、wish、plan、decision、tendency、failure等抽象名词。典型例句：IamsobusythatIhavenotimetoinformhimoftheincidentindetail.（我太忙了，没有时间详细告知他这件事。）Ihavethepowertocallonotherstodonatemoneytocharities.（我有能力号召他人向慈善机构捐款。）Hisfailuretoreactquicklyenoughcausedthecrash.（他未能迅速做出反应，导致了事故的发生。）易错点拨：若不定式动词与被修饰词存在逻辑动宾关系，且该动词为不及物动词时，需补充适当介词或副词与前面的名词呼应；但place、time、way后接不定式时，介词通常可省略。正确：Thefamilyhasafortablehousetolivein.（这家人有一栋舒适的房子可以居住。）正确：Theoldmanislookingforaquietplacetolive.（那位老人正在寻找一个安静的住处。）序数词修饰的名词后，常用动词不定式作后置定语，表示“第……个做某事的人/物”。即时检测：一、单句语法填空Hewasthefirstperson________(set)footontheremoteisland,realizingalongcherisheddream.（答案：toset）【详解】考查非谓语动词。名词前有序数词“thefirst”修饰时，其后需用动词不定式作后置定语，固定搭配“setfooton”意为“踏上”，故填toset。Astheconferencewasdrawingtoaclose,shebecamethefirstperson________(break)thesilence—sheneededtoclarifyanimportantdetailabouttheproject.（答案：tobreak）【详解】考查非谓语动词。名词由序数词“thefirst”修饰，后接不定式作后置定语，故填tobreak。Thepany’ssuccessliesinitsability________(predict)markettrendsandadjustitsstrategiesaccordingly.（答案：topredict）【详解】考查非谓语动词。固定搭配“abilitytodosth.”表示“做某事的能力”，不定式作后置定语，故填topredict。二、完成句子Whetherwecanfinishthetaskontimedependsontheweather.（改写为简单句）（答案：Ourabilitytofinishthetaskontimedependsontheweather.）【详解】原句为主从复合句，“Whetherwecanfinishthetaskontime”可转化为名词短语“Ourabilitytofinishthetaskontime”，其中不定式作后置定语，简化句式同时保持语义不变。知识点02现在分词作定语单个现在分词（动词ing形式）作前置定语，主要有两种语义：表示被修饰名词的用途或功能，相当于“fordoing”结构。areadingroom=aroomforreading（阅览室）runningshoes=shoesforrunning（跑鞋）aworkingmethod=amethodforworking（工作方法）表示被修饰人或物的动作状态，语义接近定语从句，可表示正在进行的动作或经常性状态。developingcountries=countriesthataredeveloping（发展中国家）asleepingboy=aboywhoissleeping（正在睡觉的男孩）现在分词短语作定语时，需置于被修饰词之后（后置定语），相当于定语从句。Thereisapathleadingtothetopofthehill.（=whichleadstothetopofthehill）（有一条通向山顶的小路。）Doyouknowtheboyplayingbasketball?（=whoisplayingbasketball）（你认识那个正在打篮球的男孩吗？）易错点拨：动词不定式与现在分词作定语时均有被动形式，需根据动作逻辑关系判断：不定式被动式（tobedone）：表示动作尚未发生，侧重“将要被……”。Thefirstbooktobepublishednextmonthisbasedonatruestory.（即将于下月出版的第一本书基于真实故事改编。）现在分词被动式（beingdone）：表示动作正在进行，侧重“正在被……”。Doyouseethegallerybeingbuiltoverthere?（你看到那边正在修建的美术馆了吗？）即时检测：一、单句语法填空Thisweek’smagazinehasacoverstory________(feature)aninterviewwithaNobelPrizewinner.（答案：featuring）【详解】考查非谓语动词。此处修饰名词“story”，“feature”与“story”为逻辑主谓关系，现在分词作后置定语，故填featuring。Thenumberofroadaccidents________(arise)fromdrunkdrivinghasdecreasedoverthepastyears.（答案：arising）【详解】考查非谓语动词。句子谓语为“hasdecreased”，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，“roadaccidents”与“arise”为主动关系，现在分词形式符合逻辑，故填arising。Theresearcherscollectedsamplesofthesoil________(surround)therareplanttostudyitsgrowthconditions.（答案：surrounding）【详解】考查非谓语动词。修饰名词“soil”，“soil”与“surround”为逻辑主动关系，现在分词作后置定语，故填surrounding。Theschoolhasmanyclubs,________(vary)frommusicandarttosportsandtechnology.（答案：varying）【详解】考查非谓语动词。主句谓语为“has”，此处为非谓语动词，“clubs”与“vary”为逻辑主谓关系，现在分词作后置定语，故填varying。二、完成句子Luckily,Iwasselectedtotakepartinanactivityonbehalfofmyclassmates.（同义替换）→Luckily,Iwasselectedtotakepartinanactivity________myclassmates.（答案：representing）【详解】考查非谓语动词。“onbehalfof”可替换为“represent”，“represent”与“activity”为逻辑主谓关系，现在分词作后置定语，故填representing。TherearemillionsofpeoplewhoarewatchingtheopeningceremonyliveonTVatpresent.（句型转换，用ing形式作定语）→Therearemillionsofpeople________.（答案：watchingtheopeningceremonyliveonTVatpresent）【详解】考查非谓语动词。原句为定语从句，改写后“watch”与“people”为主动关系，现在分词作后置定语，简化句式，故填上述答案。知识点03过去分词作定语前置定语：单个过去分词（动词ed形式）通常置于被修饰名词之前。Theinjureddriver（=thedriverwhowasinjured）wassenttothehospitalimmediately.（受伤的司机被立即送往医院。）Losttime（=timewhichislost）canneverbefoundagain.（虚度的时光一去不返。）后置定语：少数单个过去分词（如left等）只能作后置定语。Thebooksleftareforthestudents.（剩下的书是给学生们的。）过去分词短语作定语时，需置于被修饰名词之后，语义相当于定语从句：及物动词的过去分词作定语：表被动含义，可转化为被动语态的定语从句。Iwasborninasmallvillagesurroundedbymountains.（=whichissurroundedbymountains）（我出生在一个四面环山的小村庄。）不及物动词的过去分词作定语：表完成含义，可转化为完成时态的定语从句（仅限单个过去分词，不可后置）。Idranksomeboiledwater（=waterwhichhadboiled）andcarriedontheexperiment.（我喝了些白开水后继续进行实验。）易错点拨：多数及物动词的过去分词作定语时，既表被动又表完成（如icedbeer冰啤酒、cookedfood熟食）。少数及物动词的过去分词仅表被动，不表完成（如spokenEnglish英语口语、writtenEnglish书面语）。不及物动词的过去分词仅表完成，不表被动（如fallenleaves落叶、aretiredteacher退休教师）。即时检测：一、单句语法填空Fromthenon,ifIwantedtoreadabookwithanending________(guarantee)tobehappy,I’dpickuparomancenovel.（答案：guaranteed）【详解】考查非谓语动词。修饰名词“ending”，“guarantee”与“ending”为逻辑动宾关系，过去分词作后置定语，故填guaranteed。Theproducts________(label)“organic”areincreasinglypopularamongconsumersconcernedabouthealthandtheenvironment.（答案：labelled/labeled）【详解】考查非谓语动词。句子谓语为“arebeing”，“products”与“label”为逻辑动宾关系，过去分词作后置定语，故填labelled/labeled。Theresearchteam,________(motivate)bytheinitialsuccessoftheirexperiment,decidedtoexpandtheprojecttoincludemorecasestudies.（答案：motivated）【详解】考查非谓语动词。“motivate”与“theresearchteam”为逻辑动宾关系，过去分词作定语，故填motivated。WhenyouwearaVRheadset________(equip)withsensorsandascreen,youaresurroundedby3Dimages,soundsandothersensoryinformation.（答案：equipped）【详解】考查非谓语动词。“equip”与“VRheadset”为逻辑动宾关系，过去分词作后置定语，故填equipped。二、完成句子Thelanguage,whichismadeupofancientdialectsandmodernvocabulary,reflectstheregion’shistory.（句型转换）→Thelanguage,________ancientdialectsandmodernvocabulary,reflectstheregion’shistory.（答案：consisting/posed/prisedof）【详解】考查非谓语动词。“bemadeupof”可替换为“consistof/poseof/priseof”，“consistof”与逻辑主语“thelanguage”为主动关系，用现在分词；“poseof/priseof”为被动关系，用过去分词，故填上述答案。用非谓语动词升级句子：ThegroupwentaboardtheshipwhosenamewasEndurance.→Thegroupwentaboardtheship________Endurance.（答案：named）【详解】考查非谓语动词。原句为定语从句，“name”与“ship”为逻辑动宾关系，过去分词作后置定语，简化句式，故填named。第二部分非谓语动词作状语知识点01动词不定式作状语动词不定式作状语时，逻辑主语通常为句子主语，主要表示目的、结果等含义，其中结果状语多用于具有界限含义的动词（如learn、find、see、hear、betold、make、turnout等）。核心用法：目的状语：表示动作的目的，常置于句首或句末，句首时需大写。Tosignalthatthereistroubleahead,thedriverwillturnonthewarninglights.（为示意前方有危险，司机会打开警示灯。）结果状语：常规结果：主语与不定式为逻辑主谓关系。Hereturnedhometolearnthatthecrisishadbeenresolved.（他回家后得知危机已得到解决。）意外结果：常用“onlytodo”结构。Irushedtothestationonlytobetoldthatthetrainhadalreadyleft.（我冲到车站，结果被告知火车已经开走了。）特殊结构：too...to...（太……而不能……）so...asto...to...（如此……以至于……）enoughtodo（足够……去做……）知识拓展：too...to...结构中，若too后接anxious、eager、glad等形容词时，不定式表肯定含义。Sheistooeagertoseeheroldfriend.（她迫切想要见到老朋友。）即时检测：一、单句语法填空________(signal)potentialdangersahead,thesystemwillsendanalarmtotheoperator.（答案：Tosignal）【详解】考查非谓语动词。此处为不定式作目的状语，表“为了示意前方潜在危险”，句首首字母大写，故填Tosignal。Thepillarsarestrongenoughto________(sustain)theweightoftheroof.（答案：sustain）【详解】考查非谓语动词。“enoughtodo”为固定结构，不定式作结果状语，“to”后接动词原形，故填sustain。Thesepotentialsideeffects,howeverraretheymightbe,wouldberisky________(dismiss)withoutconsideringlongtermwellbeing.（答案：todismiss）【详解】考查非谓语动词。固定搭配“beriskytodosth.”表示“做某事有风险”，不定式作状语，故填todismiss。二、完成句子Theycamebackandwerequitesurprisedtoseeallthese.（用时间状语从句升级）→Whentheycameback,theywerequitesurprisedtoseeallthese.【详解】考查时间状语从句。原句拆分后，“theycameback”转化为when引导的时间状语从句，主句保持“besurprisedtodo”结构，不定式作原因状语，语义不变。Heisnotoldenoughtoattendthecourse.Therefore,hisguardiantakescareofhimathome.（同义转换）→Heistooyoungtoattendthecourse.Therefore,hisguardiantakescareofhimathome.→Heissoyoungthathecan'tattendthecourse.Therefore,hisguardiantakescareofhimathome.【详解】考查固定句型。“notoldenoughtodo”可转化为“tooyoungtodo”或“soyoungthat...can'tdo”，均表“年龄不足无法做某事”，符合语义要求。Weshouldprotectourprivacywell.Weshoulduseastrongpassword.（改为不定式短语作目的状语）→Weshoulduseastrongpasswordtoprotectourprivacywell.【详解】考查不定式作目的状语。句子主干为“Weshoulduseastrongpassword”，不定式短语“toprotectourprivacywell”表目的，整合句式，语义连贯。知识点02现在分词作状语现在分词（动词ing形式）作状语时，可表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况等，逻辑主语与句子主语一致：表时间、原因、条件、让步时，多置于句首；表结果、伴随情况时，多置于句末。核心用法：时间状语（相当于时间状语从句）：Havingfinishedthetask（=Aftertheyfinishedthetask）,theywentbacktotheoffice.（完成任务后，他们返回了办公室。）原因状语（相当于原因状语从句）：Beingill（=Sincehewasill）,hedidn’tattendthemeetingyesterday.（由于生病，他昨天未参加会议。）结果状语（相当于并列谓语，表自然结果）：Thenewpolicywascarriedout,makingthepublicservicesmoreconvenient.（新政策得以实施，使公共服务更加便捷。）条件状语（相当于条件状语从句）：Workinghard（=Ifyouworkhard）,youwillachieveyourgoals.（如果努力奋斗，你将会实现目标。）让步状语（相当于让步状语从句）：Tryingmanytimes（=Althoughtheytriedmanytimes）,theydidn’tgiveuptheexperiment.（尽管尝试了多次，他们仍未放弃实验。）伴随/方式状语（相当于并列结构）：Shesatbythewindow,readingabookforhours.（她坐在窗边，读了几个小时的书。）即时检测：一、单句语法填空________(date)backtoancienttimes,thistraditionalarthasalonghistory.（答案：Dating）【详解】考查非谓语动词。“datebackto”与逻辑主语“thistraditionalart”为主动关系，现在分词作状语，句首首字母大写，故填Dating。Manynewtechnologiesemergedrapidly,________(dominate)theglobalmarketinafewyears.（答案：dominating）【详解】考查非谓语动词。句子谓语为“emerged”，“manynewtechnologies”与“dominate”为主动关系，现在分词作结果状语（自然结果），故填dominating。Duringthejourney,theyvisitedfamousscenicspots,________(encounter)differentculturesandcustoms.（答案：encountering）【详解】考查非谓语动词。“encounter”与逻辑主语“they”为主动关系，现在分词作伴随状语，故填encountering。Hegaveupoutdooractivitiesandjuststayedathome________(talk)tohispetquietly.（答案：talking）【详解】考查非谓语动词。“talk”与逻辑主语“he”为主动关系，现在分词作伴随状语，故填talking。二、完成句子Becauseshedidn’tparticipateinthediscussion,sheaskedherclassmatefortheresult.（用ing形式改写）→Notparticipatinginthediscussion,sheaskedherclassmatefortheresult.【详解】考查现在分词作状语。原句为原因状语从句，“participatein”与逻辑主语“she”为主动关系，现在分词作状语，否定形式为“not+现在分词”，故填上述答案。Whenwevisitpublicfacilities,weworktogetherwithprofessionals.（改为非谓语动词作状语）→Visitingpublicfacilities,weworktogetherwithprofessionals.【详解】考查非谓语动词。“visit”与逻辑主语“we”为主动关系，现在分词作时间状语，简化原时间状语从句，故填上述答案。知识点03过去分词作状语过去分词（动词ed形式）作状语时，多表示被动和完成含义，逻辑主语与句子主语一致，作用相当于状语从句或并列结构，可表时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况。核心用法：时间状语（相当于时间状语从句）：Askedabouttheplan（=Whenhewasaskedabouttheplan）,hegaveadetailedexplanation.（被问及相关计划时，他给出了详细说明。）原因状语（相当于原因状语从句）：Writteninahurry（=Becauseitwaswritteninahurry）,thereporthadsomeflaws.（由于写得匆忙，这份报告存在一些瑕疵。）条件状语（相当于条件状语从句）：Givenmoretime（=Ifwearegivenmoretime）,wecanimprovethedesign.（若给予更多时间，我们可以完善该设计。）让步状语（相当于让步状语从句）：Rejectedmanytimes（=Althoughhewasrejectedmanytimes）,hedidn’tloseconfidence.（尽管多次被拒绝，他仍未丧失信心。）伴随/方式状语（相当于并列结构）：Thechildranoutoftheroom,followedbyhispet.（=andwasfollowedbyhispet）（孩子跑出房间，身后跟着他的宠物。）知识拓展：独立主格结构：若过去分词的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致，需用“名词/代词+过去分词”的独立主格结构作状语。Thedoorbroken（=Becausethedoorwasbroken）,wehadtoenterthroughthewindow.（门坏了，我们不得不从窗户进入。）Themeetingover（=Whenthemeetingwasover）,everyonelefttheroom.（会议结束后，所有人都离开了房间。）易错点拨：部分源于系表结构的过去分词（如seated、surprised、excited、lost、dressed等）作状语时，表状态而非被动。Dressedinformalclothes,sheattendedtheimportantoccasion.（穿着正装，她出席了这场重要场合。）Lostinthought,hedidn’tnoticethepassingtime.（陷入沉思，他没有注意到时间的流逝。）可保留连词构成“连词+过去分词”结构（如while、when、once、if、though等+过去分词）。Thoughdefeated（=Thoughtheyweredefeated）,theycontinuedtofightfortheirgoals.（尽管失利，他们仍为目标而奋斗。）Whenaskedabouttheexperience（=Whenshewasaskedabouttheexperience）,shesharedherinsights.（被问及相关经历时，她分享了自己的见解。）即时检测：一、单句语法填空________(bury)intheresearchonancientculture,shedidn’tnoticetheclosingtimeofthelibrary.（答案：Buried）【详解】考查非谓语动词。固定搭配“beburiedin”表示“埋头于”，“bury”与逻辑主语“she”为被动关系，过去分词作原因状语，句首首字母大写，故填Buried。________(strike)bythebeautyofthehistoriccity,shedecidedtostayforanotherthreedays.（答案：Struck）【详解】考查非谓语动词。句子谓语为“decided”，“she”与“strike”为被动关系，过去分词作原因状语，句首首字母大写，故填Struck。________(motivate)bythespiritofperseverance,manyathleteshavedevotedthemselvestopursuingexcellence.（答案：Motivated）【详解】考查非谓语动词。“motivate”与逻辑主语“manyathletes”为被动关系，过去分词作原因状语，句首首字母大写，故填Motivated。________(prohibit)fromusingelectronicdevicesinclass,studentshavetofocusmoreonlisteningtotheteacher.（答案：Prohibited）【详解】考查非谓语动词。“prohibit”与逻辑主语“students”为被动关系，过去分词作条件状语，句首首字母大写，故填Prohibited。二、完成句子Peopleareexposedtovariouschallenges.Theyarebetterathandlingdifficultsituations.（句型转换）→Exposedtovariouschallenges,peoplearebetterathandlingdifficultsituations.（过去分词短语作状语）→Exposingthemselvestovariouschallenges,peoplearebetterathandlingdifficultsituations.（现在分词短语作状语）【详解】考查非谓语动词。第一空：“beexposedto”为固定搭配，“expose”与逻辑主语“people”为被动关系，过去分词作状语；第二空：“exposeoneselfto”为固定搭配，“expose”与逻辑主语“people”为主动关系，现在分词作状语，故填上述答案。Sheisoccupiedindailyworkallday,soshewasexhausted.（句型转换）→Occupyingherselfindailyworkallday,shewasexhausted.（现在分词短语作状语）→Occupiedindailyworkallday,shewasexhausted.（过去分词短语作状语）【详解】考查非谓语动词。第一空：“occupyoneselfindoingsth.”为固定搭配，“occupy”与逻辑主语“she”为主动关系，现在分词作原因状语；第二空：“beoccupiedindoingsth.”为固定搭配，“occupy”与逻辑主语“she”为被动关系，过去分词作原因状语，故填上述答案。考场练兵·分层实战基础通关（测试时间：10分钟）一、单项选择Thatistheonlywaywecanimagine________theoveruseofresourcesindailylife.A.toreduceB.reducingC.reducedD.reduce【答案】A【详解】考查非谓语动词。“thewaytodosth.”为固定搭配，表示“做某事的方法”，不定式作后置定语修饰“way”，故选A。Look!Theperson________onthestageisdeliveringaspeech.A.speakingB.spokenC.speakD.speaks【答案】A【详解】考查非谓语动词。句子系动词为“is”，“theperson”与“speak”为逻辑主谓关系，且结合“Look”可知动作正在进行，现在分词作后置定语，故选A。With________leaves________inthesoileveryyear,thelandbeesmorefertile.A.falling;buryingB.fallen;buriedC.fallen;buryingD.falling;buried【答案】B【详解】考查非谓语动词。“fallenleaves”表示“落叶”，过去分词作定语表完成；“with+宾语+过去分词”结构中，“leaves”与“bury”为被动关系，过去分词作宾语补足语，故选B。________fromthefootofthehill,thehistoricbuilding________backtoancienttimesistrulyimpressive.A.Seeing;datedB.Seen;datingC.Seeing;datingD.Seen;dated【答案】B【详解】考查非谓语动词。主句主语“thehistoricbuilding”与“see”为被动关系，过去分词作方式状语；“datebackto”与“thehistoricbuilding”为主动关系，现在分词作后置定语，故选B。Theproducts________ontheonlineplatformarecheaperthan________webuyinphysicalstores.A.beingbought;thatB.bought;thoseC.bought;thatD.bebought;those【答案】B【详解】考查非谓语动词和代词。第一空：“products”与“buy”为被动关系，过去分词作后置定语；第二空：指代前文复数名词“products”，用“those”避免重复，故选B。Itisremarkablethatsomeoutdatedfacilitiesinthelearningenvironmenthavebeenupdated________studymoreeffectively.A.makingB.madeC.havingmadeD.tomake【答案】D【详解】考查非谓语动词。此处为不定式作目的状语，表“为了更有效地学习”，故选D。________usintotheexhibitioncenter,heshowedaclearinterestin________wasdisplayedthere.A.Followed;whatB.Following;whatC.Tofollow;thatD.Tobefollowed;that【答案】B【详解】考查非谓语动词和宾语从句。第一空：“he”与“follow”为主动关系，现在分词作状语；第二空：宾语从句中缺少主语，用“what”引导，故选B。Bornand________inaremotearea,hehasalwayslackedconfidenceandisafraidofmakingmistakestoletothers________.A.risen...lackedof...downB.rose...beenlackingin...outC.bred...lacked...downD.raised...lacked...out【答案】C【详解】考查动词词义辨析、固定搭配及非谓语动词。第一空：“bred”（breed的过去分词）表“被抚养”，与“born”并列作状语；第二空：“lack”作动词时直接接宾语，“lackconfidence”表示“缺乏信心”；第三空：固定短语“letsb.down”表示“让某人失望”，故选C。Shereachedthedestinationoutofbreathonly________thattheeventhadbeenpostponed.A.toldB.tobetoldC.beingtoldD.havingtold【答案】B【详解】考查非谓语动词。“onlytodo”表意外结果，“she”与“tell”为被动关系，不定式被动式“tobetold”符合逻辑，故选B。Someexpertssuggestthatwhen________withatoughtask,onecouldimproveperformancebymentallyimaginingoneself________well.A.facing;performingB.faced;performingC.faced;toperformD.facing;havingperformed【答案】B【详解】考查非谓语动词。第一空：“whenfacedwith”为固定结构（省略“oneis”），过去分词作状语；第二空：固定搭配“imaginesb.doingsth.”，现在分词作宾补，故选B。重难突破（测试时间：10分钟）语法填空Severalparticipantsgot________(arrest)duringthedemonstrationforviolatingpublicorder.（答案：arrested）【详解】考查非谓语动词。“get+过去分词”表被动，“arrest”的过去分词为“arrested”，故填arrested。Insomeregions,peoplefavour________(bow)slightlywhengreetingothers.（答案：bowing）【详解】考查非谓语动词。固定搭配“favourdoingsth.”表示“喜欢做某事”，动名词作宾语，故填bowing。________(arm)withthecollecteddata,youcanstartpreparingtheresearchreport.（答案：Armed）【详解】考查非谓语动词。固定搭配“bearmedwith”表示“掌握……”，过去分词作状语，句首首字母大写，故填Armed。Schedule________(permit),we’dliketoattendtheacademicseminaronenvironmentalprotectionthisweekend.（答案：permitting）【详解】考查独立主格结构。“schedule”与“permit”为主动关系，现在分词构成独立主格结构作状语，故填permitting。Thewritereagerlyopenedthereplyfromthepublisher,hisheart________(sink)whenhereadthefinalparagraph.（答案：sinking）【详解】考查非谓语动词。独立主格结构中，“hisheart”与“sink”为主动关系，现在分词作伴随状语，故填sinking。Theinstitution________(appoint)arenownedexpertashonoraryprofessor,itsacademicinfluencewassignificantlyenhanced.（答案：havingappointed）【详解】考查非谓语动词。独立主格结构中，“appoint”的动作发生在“enhanced”之前，且与逻辑主语“theinstitution”为主动关系，现在分词完成式作状语，故填havingappointed。Everything________(arrange),themanagerleftfortheinternationalconference.（答案：arranged）【详解】考查非谓语动词。独立主格结构中，“everything”与“arrange”为被动关系，过去分词作状语，故填arranged。Hemadegreatcontributionstothefield,themostfamous________(be)thecoretheory.（答案：being）【详解】考查非谓语动词。独立主格结构中，“themostfamous”与“be”为主动关系，现在分词作状语，故填being。Withsomanythings________(mix)up,it’sdifficulttodistinguishthem.（答案：mixed）【详解】考查非谓语动词。“with+宾语+过去分词”结构中，“things”与“mix”为被动关系，过去分词作宾语补足语，故填mixed。Thecityisdevelopingatanamazingspeed,withnewbuildings________(spring)upeverywhere.（答案：springing）【详解】考查非谓语动词。“with+宾语+现在分词”结构中，“newbuildings”与“spring”为主动关系，现在分词作宾语补足语，故填springing。Withallthedebts________(pay)off,hefeltrelievedandcouldstartsavingforthefuture.（答案：paid）【详解】考查非谓语动词。“with+宾语+过去分词”结构中，“debts”与“payoff”为被动关系，且动作已完成，过去分词作宾语补足语，故填paid。Withhisfamily________(help)him,hefinishedthetaskaheadofschedule.（答案：helping）【详解】考查非谓语动词。“with+宾语+现在分词”结构中，“hisfamily”与“help”为主动关系，现在分词作宾语补足语，故填helping。Withnewtechnologies________(apply)tothefield,moreinnovativeworkswillbecreated.（答案：applied）【详解】考查非谓语动词。“with+宾语+过去分词”结构中，“newtechnologies”与“apply”为被动关系，过去分词作宾语补足语，故填applied。Withthesun________(rise),thetopofthemountainisbathedingoldenlight.（答案：rising）【详解】考查非谓语动词。“with+宾语+现在分词”结构中，“thesun”与“rise”为主动关系，且动作正在进行，现在分词作宾语补足语，故填rising。Shesattherequietly,withacaregiver________(tend)toherneedscarefully.（答案：tending）【详解】考查非谓语动词。“with+宾语+现在分词”结构中，“acaregiver”与“tendto”为主动关系，现在分词作宾语补足语，故填tending。易混易错（测试时间：10分钟）一、单项选择Theissue________attheupingmeetingisofgreatimportance,soweshouldmakethoroughpreparations.A.tobediscussedB.discussedC.beingdiscussedD.todiscuss【答案】A【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据“uping”可知动作尚未发生，“theissue”与“discuss”为被动关系，不定式被动式“tobediscussed”作后置定语，表“即将被讨论的”，故选A。Whynot________youradvisorforadvicewhenyoudon’tknow________theproblem?A.toask;howtodealwithB.ask;whattodowithC.ask;whattodealwithD.toask;howtodowith【答案】B【详解】考查固定句型和疑问词+不定式。固定句型“Whynotdosth.”表建议；“whattodowith”与“howtodealwith”均表示“如何处理”，为固定搭配，故选B。Themittedmembersarecurrentlydebating________toinvestheavilyinthenewfieldortomaintaintheexistingstrategies.A.ifB.whetherC.thatwhetherD.how【答案】B【详解】考查疑问词+不定式。“whether...or...”为固定搭配，表“是否……还是……”，“whethertodo”符合“疑问词+不定式”结构，故选B。________himselfintheproject,hehadlittletimeforrest.A.OccupiedB.OccupyingC.HavingbeenoccupiedD.Beingoccupied【答案】B【详解】考查非谓语动词。“occupyoneselfindoingsth.”为固定搭配，“he”与“occupy”为主动关系，现在分词作原因状语，故选B。Theinstructoralwaysencouragesstudentstobelieveinthemselves,________thatnothingisimpossibleforadeterminedperson.A.tosayB.sayingC.saidD.havingsaid【答案】B【详解】考查非谓语动词。“theinstructor”与“say”为主动关系，现在分词作伴随状语，表动作同时进行，故选B。________intheearlyperiod,thefilmsoongainedwidespreadattention.A.ReleasingB.ReleasedC.BeingReleasedD.Torelease【答案】B【详解】考查非谓语动词。“thefilm”与“release”为被动关系，且动作已完成，过去分词作状语，故选B。Withthemostdifficultproblems________,thenewlyelectedleaderfeltgreatlyrelieved.A.tosettleB.settlingC.settledD.beingsettled【答案】C【详解】考查非谓语动词。“with+宾语+过去分词”结构中，“problems”与“settle”为被动关系，且动作已完成，过去分词作宾语补足语，故选C。Withthemeal________,shewentontocleanthekitchen.A.hadpreparedB.preparedC.preparingD.toprepare【答案】B【详解】考查非谓语动词。“with+宾语+过去分词”结构中，“themeal”与“prepare”为被动关系，且动作已完成，过去分词作宾语补足语，故选B。Itwasintheearlymorning________theincidenthappened.Manywereaffected,withalot________intheruins.A.that;buriedB.when;buriedC.that;buryingD.when;burying【答案】A【详解】考查强调句和非谓语动词。第一空：“itbe+被强调部分+that...”为强调句句式，强调时间状语；第二空：“with+宾语+过去分词”结构中，“alot”与“bury”为被动关系，过去分词作宾语补足语，故选A。Youreffortsarehighlypraiseworthy;still,Iregret________thatyourworkneeds________beforesubmission.A.tosay;revisingB.saying;toreviseC.tosay;beingrevisedD.saying;toberevised【答案】A【详解】考查非谓语动词。第一空：“regrettodosth.”表“遗憾要做某事”（后接告知类动词）；第二空：“needdoing”等同于“needtobedone”，表“需要被……”，故选A。________,theonlinecourseofficiallystartedwithalivewelesession.A.AfterallregistrationsbeingconfirmedB.BecauseallregistrationsconfirmedC.AllregistrationsareconfirmedD.Allregistrationsconfirmed【答案】D【详解】考查独立主格结构。“allregistrations”与“confirm”为被动关系，过去分词构成独立主格结构作状语，A项“being”多余，B项缺少谓语，C项为完整句子，逗号不可连接两个独立分句，故选D。Thenationalparkwasestablishedinthenorthernregion,withboundaries________allthewaytotheborderand________withneighboringprotectedareas.A.stretching;joinedB.stretched;joiningC.stretched;joinedD.stretching;joining【答案】D【详解】考查非谓语动词。“with+宾语+现在分词”结构中，“boundaries”与“stretch”“join”均为主动关系，现在分词作宾语补足语，故选D。链接高考（测试时间：15分钟）语法填空Growingup,thefamilyandneighborsneverusedclotheslinestodryclothing,denyingthechance________(discover)oneofthegreatwondersofsunshine—thesweet“sunshinescent”fromclothesdriedinthesunallday.（答案：todiscover）【详解】考查非谓语动词。固定搭配“chancetodosth.”表示“做某事的机会”，不定式作定语，故填todiscover。Ifyou’veneverexperiencedthe“sunshinescent”fromasheetorshirt________(leave)tosunforaday,well,you’remissingoutononeoflife’swonders.（答案：left）【详解】考查非谓语动词。“asheetorshirt”与“leave”为逻辑动宾关系，过去分词作后置定语，故填left。When________(travel),peopleengagewithdifferentculturesandexperiences.（答案：traveling）【详解】考查非谓语动词。“people”与“travel”为主动关系，“when+现在分词”构成状语从句省略结构，故填traveling。Andwhen________(ask)aboutthenewtitle,thespeakersharedthesecret:moderation.（答案：asked）【详解】考查非谓语动词。“when+过去分词”构成状语从句省略结构（省略“thespeakerwas”），故填asked。Justthen,somechildrenranathim,________(knock)hisbooksoutofhisarms.（答案：knocking）【详解】考查非谓语动词。“somechildren”与“knock”为主动关系，现在分词作结果状语，故填knocking。However,ifyou’reshoppingforone,buyingextra________(benefit)frompricereductionsdoesn’tmakesense.（答案：tobenefit）【详解】考查非谓语动词。此处为不定式作目的状语，表“为了从降价中获益”，故填tobenefit。Overthepastyears,somesupermarketsha