2026年医学英语三级题库及答案

2026年医学英语三级题库及答案

一、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1.Thepatient's_______iselevated,indicatingapossibleinfection.2._______therapyisoftenusedtotreatautoimmunediseases.3.The_______systemplaysacrucialroleinmaintaininghomeostasis.4.A_______isamedicalconditioncharacterizedbyabnormalcellgrowth.5.The_______istheorganresponsibleforfilteringbloodandproducingurine.6._______isatypeofwhitebloodcellthathelpsfightinfections.7.The_______istheprocessbywhichcellsdivideandreproduce.8._______isadisorderthataffectsthebrain'sabilitytoprocessinformation.9.The_______isahormonethatregulatesbloodsugarlevels.10._______isamedicalprocedureusedtodiagnoseandtreatvariousconditions.二、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Theliverisprimarilyresponsiblefordetoxifyingharmfulsubstancesinthebody.()2.Redbloodcellscontainhemoglobin,whichcarriesoxygentotissues.()3.Theimmunesystemalwaysrespondsquicklytopathogens.()4.Astrokeoccurswhenthereisablockageintheheart'sbloodvessels.()5.Insulinisahormonethatincreasesbloodsugarlevels.()6.Theurinarysystemincludesthekidneys,bladder,andureters.()7.Leukemiaisatypeofcancerthataffectsthebonemarrow.()8.Therespiratorysystemhelpsregulatebodytemperature.()9.Thepancreasproducesbothinsulinandglucagon.()10.Abiopsyisaprocedureusedtodiagnosecancerbyremovingasmalltissuesample.()三、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingisaprimaryfunctionofthecardiovascularsystem?A.DigestionoffoodB.TransportofnutrientsC.RegulationofbodytemperatureD.Productionofhormones2.Whatisthemainroleofantibodiesintheimmunesystem?A.TobreakdownfoodB.TofightoffpathogensC.ToregulatebloodsugarD.Totransportoxygen3.Whichorganisresponsibleforfilteringwasteproductsfromtheblood?A.LiverB.LungsC.KidneysD.Pancreas4.Whatisthetermforamedicalconditioncharacterizedbyabnormalcellgrowth?A.HypertensionB.DiabetesC.CancerD.Arthritis5.Whichofthefollowingisatypeofwhitebloodcellthathelpsfightinfections?A.RedbloodcellB.PlateletC.NeutrophilD.Erythrocyte6.Whatistheprocesscalledbywhichcellsdivideandreproduce?A.MetabolismB.MitosisC.OsmosisD.Photosynthesis7.Whichdisorderaffectsthebrain'sabilitytoprocessinformation?A.Parkinson'sdiseaseB.Alzheimer'sdiseaseC.MultiplesclerosisD.Epilepsy8.Whathormoneregulatesbloodsugarlevels?A.ThyroidhormoneB.CortisolC.InsulinD.Testosterone9.Whichmedicalprocedureisusedtodiagnoseandtreatvariousconditions?A.EndoscopyB.MRIC.UltrasoundD.Biopsy10.Whichsystemisprimarilyresponsibleformaintaininghomeostasis?A.DigestivesystemB.NervoussystemC.EndocrinesystemD.Immunesystem四、简答题（每题5分，共20分）1.Describetheroleoftheliverinthebodyandmentionthreekeyfunctionsitperforms.2.Explainhowtheimmunesystemrespondstopathogensandmentiontwotypesofimmunecellsinvolved.3.Discusstheimportanceoftheurinarysysteminmaintainingoverallhealthandmentiontwomainfunctions.4.Describetheprocessofmitosisanditssignificanceincellreproduction.五、讨论题（每题5分，共20分）1.Discusstheimportanceofearlydetectioninthediagnosisofcancerandmentionthreecommonmethodsusedforearlydetection.2.Explaintheroleoftheendocrinesysteminregulatingvariousbodilyfunctionsandmentionthreekeyhormonesproducedbythesystem.3.Discusstheimpactoflifestylechoicesonthecardiovascularsystemandmentionthreehealthylifestylechoicesthatcanimprovehearthealth.4.Explainthesignificanceofthenervoussysteminmaintaininghomeostasisandmentionthreewaysthenervoussystemachievesthis.答案和解析一、填空题答案1.whitebloodcells2.Corticosteroids3.Endocrinesystem4.Tumor5.Kidneys6.Lymphocytes7.Celldivision8.Dementia9.Glucose10.Surgery二、判断题答案1.√2.√3.×4.×5.×6.√7.√8.×9.√10.√三、选择题答案1.B2.B3.C4.C5.C6.B7.B8.C9.A10.C四、简答题答案1.Theliverisavitalorganthatperformsseveralkeyfunctionsinthebody.Itdetoxifiesharmfulsubstances,producesbiletoaidindigestion,andstoresglycogenforenergyrelease.Additionally,theliverplaysaroleinproteinsynthesisandhelpsregulatebloodclotting.2.Theimmunesystemrespondstopathogensbyrecognizingandeliminatingthem.Whenapathogenentersthebody,immunecellssuchasmacrophagesandTcellsareactivated.Macrophagesengulfanddestroypathogens,whileTcellsidentifyandtargetinfectedcells.Thiscoordinatedresponsehelpseliminatethepathogenandprotectthebodyfromfurtherinfections.3.Theurinarysystemisessentialformaintainingoverallhealthasithelpsremovewasteproductsfromthebodyandregulatesfluidbalance.Twomainfunctionsoftheurinarysystemarefilteringwasteproductsfromtheblood,whicharethenexcretedasurine,andmaintainingelectrolytebalancebyreabsorbingnecessarysubstancesandexcretingexcessones.4.Mitosisistheprocessofcelldivisionthatresultsintwoidenticaldaughtercells.Itconsistsofseveralphases:prophase,metaphase,anaphase,andtelophase.Mitosisissignificantincellreproductionasitallowsforgrowth,repair,andreplacementofdamagedoroldcellsinthebody.五、讨论题答案1.Earlydetectionofcanceriscrucialasitincreasesthechancesofsuccessfultreatmentandimprovespatientoutcomes.ThreecommonmethodsusedforearlydetectionincluderegularscreeningssuchasmammogramsandPapsmears,self-examinationstodetectanychangesorlumps,andawarenessofsymptomssuchaspersistentpainorunexplainedweightloss.Earlydetectionallowsfortimelyinterventionandcansignificantlyimprovetheprognosisforcancerpatients.2.Theendocrinesystemplaysavitalroleinregulatingvariousbodilyfunctionsbyproducingandreleasinghormones.Threekeyhormonesproducedbytheendocrinesystemareinsulin,whichregulatesbloodsugarlevels;thyroidhormones,whichcontrolmetabolism;andcortisol,whichhelpsregulatestressresponseandimmunefunction.Thesehormonescoordinateandmaintainhomeostasisinthebody,ensuringproperfunctioningofvarioussystems.3.Lifestylechoiceshaveasignificantimpactonthecardiovascularsystem.Threehealthylifestylechoicesthatcanimprovehearthealthincluderegularexercise,whichstrengthenstheheartandimprovesbloodcirculation;maintainingabala