四川省绵阳市涪城区绵阳中学2024-2025学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题（解析版）

第第页四川省绵阳市涪城区绵阳中学2024-2025学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题Peoplewithgrowthmindsetsbelievethat:●Youhavethecapacitytolearnandgrowyourskills.●Failureisavaluablelesson.●Peoplewhoaregoodatsomethingaregoodbecausetheybuildthatability.●Youareincontrolofyourabilities.Peoplewithfixedmindsetsbelievethat:●Skill,intelligenceandtalentsarenatural.●Failureisshamefulandshouldbeavoided.●Somepeoplearenaturallygoodatthingswhileothersnot.●Youarenotincontrolofyourabilities.haveadesiretolearn,sotendto:—Embracechallenges.—Persistinthefaceofsetbacks.—Seeeffortasthepathtomastery.—Learnfromcriticism.—Findlessonsandinspirationinthesuccessofothers.haveadesiretolooksmart,sotendto:—Avoidchallenges.—Giveupeasily.—Seeeffortasfruitlessorworse.—Ignoreusefulnegativefeedback—Feelthreatenedbythesuccessofothers.Asaresult,theyreachever-higherlevelsofachievement.Asaresult,theymaystayatthesamelevelearlyandachievelessthantheirfullpotential.Changecanbetough,butI'veneverheardanyonesayitwasn'tworthit.Didchangingtoagrowthmindsetsolveallmyproblems?No.ButIknowthatIhaveadifferentlifebecauseofit—aricherone.1．Whatisapersonwithagrowthmindsetlikelytosay?A．"IfIwin,I'llbesomebody;ifIlose,I'llbenobody."B．"Challengeshelpmegrowanddevelopnewskills."C．"Tobegoodatmath,youneedtobenaturallygifted."D．"Idon'tneedtotrybecausemyabilitiesaresetandwon'tchange."2．Whichofthefollowingtypeofpeoplearemostlikelytohavefixedmindsets?A．Adaptable. B．Straightforward.C．Resistant. D．Intelligent.3．Whatistheintentionofthebook"Mindset"?A．Totellreadersthattwodifferentmindsetsleadtodifferentresults.B．Topersuadepeopletolearntochangetoenjoyamorefruitfullife.C．Toillustratethatpeoplewithdifferentmindsetsholddifferentbeliefs.D．Tohelpreadersbelievepeopleactdifferentlywhenfacingchallenges.【答案】1．B2．C3．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了《Mindset》一书，书中对比了成长型思维（growthmindsets）和固定型思维（fixedmindsets）的不同观点与行为表现。成长型思维者相信能力可通过学习提升，视失败为宝贵经验，勇于挑战、坚持不懈、善于从批评和他人成功中学习，从而取得更高成就；固定型思维者则认为能力天生固定，逃避挑战、轻易放弃、忽视负面反馈、因他人成功而感到威胁，往往难以充分发挥潜力。文章最后强调，虽然转变思维具有挑战性，但能带来更丰富的人生。

【点评】考查阅读理解，包含推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．推理判断题。根据Peoplewithgrowthmindsetsbelievethat:部分中的"Youhavethecapacitytolearnandgrowyourskills."你有能力学习和提高自己的技能；以及haveadesiretolearn,sotendto:部分中的"Embracechallenges."接受挑战。可知，一个拥有成长型思维的人认为可能会说"挑战帮助我成长，培养新技能"。故选B。2．推理判断题。根据Peoplewithfixedmindsetsbelievethat:部分中的"Skill,intelligenceandtalentsarenatural."技巧、智慧和才能是天生的。可知，固定型思维的人觉得技巧、智慧和才能是天生的，他们对通过学习而获得这些是抵抗的，再根据倒数第二栏中的"Asaresult,theymaystayatthesamelevelearlyandachievelessthantheirfullpotential."因此，他们可能会在早期就停滞不前，无法实现自己的全部潜力。可知，他们不愿意进步或改变，因此抵抗变化的人可能是固定型思维的人，故选C。3．推理判断题。根据最后一栏"Changecanbetough,butI'veneverheardanyonesayitwasn'tworthit.Didchangingtoagrowthmindsetsolveallmyproblems?No.ButIknowthatIhaveadifferentlifebecauseofit—aricherone."改变是艰难的，但我从没听过有人说不值得。转变成长型思维模式解决了我所有的问题吗？没有。但我知道，因为它，我的生活变得不一样了——更丰富了。可知，《Mindset》"这本书的目的是说服人们学会改变，才能享受更富有成效的人生。故选B。The2024NobelPrizeinPhysicsareawardedtotworesearchersonOct.8,fortheirfoundationaldiscoveriesandinventionsinthefieldofartificialneural(神经的)networks.Thoughartificialneuralnetworksaremodeledonbiologicalneuralnetworks,bothresearchers'workdrewonstatisticalphysics,thereforewinningtheprizeinphysics.ThephysicistJohnHopfieldusedideasfromphysicstostudyaparticulartypeofneuralnetwork,nowcalledtheHopfieldnetwork(HNN),whichexplainedhowneuronsystemsinteracttoproducestablememories.Duringthe1980s,GeoffreyHintonandhiscolleaguesbuiltonHopfield'sideastocreateanewclassofmodel.UnlikeHopfieldnetworksthatcouldstorepatternsandcorrecterrorsinpatterns,thenewmodelcouldgeneratenewpatterns,therebyplantingtheseedsofthemoderngenerativeAIrevolution.Hintonwasalsopartofanotherbreakthroughthathappenedinthe1980s,whichisakeyalgorithm(算法)thatmakesitpossibletoselectweightsbasedontheperformanceofthenetworkonatrainingdataset.However,itremainedchallengingtotrainartificialneuralnetworkswithmanylayers.Inthe2000s,Hintonandhisco-workerscleverlydiscoveredanapproach,andthedeeplearningrevolutionbegan.TheNobelPrizeinPhysicsshowshowideasfromphysicscontributedtotheriseofdeeplearning.Nowdeeplearninghasbeguntopaybacktophysicsbyenablingaccurateandfastsimulations(模拟)ofsystemsrangingfrommoleculesandmaterialsallthewaytotheentireEarth'sclimate.ByawardingtheNobelPrizeinPhysicstoHopfieldandHinton,theprizecommitteehassignaleditshopeinhumanity'spotentialtousetheseadvancestopromotehumanwell-beingandtobuildasustainableworld.4．ForwhatwerethetwoscientistsawardedtheNoblePrizeinPhysics?A．Theyinventedartificialneuralnetworks.B．Theydiscoveredbiologicalneuralnetworks.C．Theybothareexcellentexpertsinthefieldofstatisticalphysics.D．Theyusedmethodsinphysicstostudyartificialneuralnetworks.5．Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A．JohnHopfield'sdevotionandachievement.B．HowmoderngenerativeAIrevolutionbegan.C．GeoffreyHinton'sresearchonneuralnetwork.D．ThecooperationbetweenJohnHopfieldandGeoffreyHinton.6．Whathasledtothedeeplearningrevolutionaccordingtothepassage?A．Findingakeyalgorithmwhichcouldselectweights.B．Creatinganewmodelthatcouldgeneratenewpatterns.C．Findingawaytotrainmulti-layerartificialneuralnetworks.D．Discoveringanapproachtotrainingartificialneuralnetworks.7．Accordingtothepassage,whatistheinfluenceofawardingtheprizetoHopfieldandHinton?A．Morepeoplewillbeinspiredtostudyphysics.B．Simulationsofsystemswillbefasterandmoreaccurate.C．PeoplewillemploythedevelopmenttobenefittheEarth.D．Deeplearningwillplayamoreimportantroleinourlife.【答案】4．D5．B6．C7．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了2024年10月8日诺贝尔物理学奖授予两位在人工神经网络领域有基础性发现和发明的科研人员，介绍了JohnHopfield和GeoffreyHinton的研究成果，如Hopfield网络、新模型及关键算法等推动了深度学习革命，还指出物理学思想对深度学习兴起的贡献，且深度学习正反哺物理学，最后表明诺贝尔奖委员会对人类利用这些进步促进福祉和构建可持续世界的期望。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。4．细节理解题。根据第一段"The2024NobelPrizeinPhysicsareawardedtotworesearchersonOct.8,fortheirfoundationaldiscoveriesandinventionsinthefieldofartificialneural(神经的)networks.Thoughartificialneuralnetworksaremodeledonbiologicalneuralnetworks,bothresearchers'workdrewonstatisticalphysics,thereforewinningtheprizeinphysics."10月8日，2024年诺贝尔物理学奖被授予两位研究人员，以表彰他们在人工神经网络领域的基础性发现和发明。尽管人工神经网络是以生物神经网络为模型的，但两位研究人员的工作都借鉴了统计物理学，因此获得了物理学奖。可知，他们获奖的原因是用物理学的方法研究人工神经网络。故选D。5．段落大意题。根据第二段"ThephysicistJohnHopfieldusedideasfromphysicstostudyaparticulartypeofneuralnetwork,nowcalledtheHopfieldnetwork(HNN),whichexplainedhowneuronsystemsinteracttoproducestablememories.Duringthe1980s,GeoffreyHintonandhiscolleaguesbuiltonHopfield'sideastocreateanewclassofmodel.UnlikeHopfieldnetworksthatcouldstorepatternsandcorrecterrorsinpatterns,thenewmodelcouldgeneratenewpatterns,therebyplantingtheseedsofthemoderngenerativeAIrevolution."物理学家JohnHopfield运用物理学理论来研究一种特定的神经网络，现在被称为霍普菲尔德网络（HopfieldNetwork，HNN），该网络解释了神经元系统如何相互作用以产生稳定的记忆。在20世纪80年代，GeoffreyHinton及其同事在霍普菲尔德理论的基础上，创建了一类新的模型。与能够存储模式并纠正模式中错误的霍普菲尔德网络不同，新模型能够生成新的模式，从而为现代生成式人工智能（AI）革命埋下了种子。可知，本段主要讲述了现代生成式人工智能革命是如何开始的。故选B。6．细节理解题。根据第三段中的"However,itremainedchallengingtotrainartificialneuralnetworkswithmanylayers.Inthe2000s,Hintonandhisco-workerscleverlydiscoveredanapproach,andthedeeplearningrevolutionbegan."然而，训练多层人工神经网络仍然具有挑战性。在21世纪，Hinton和他的同事们聪明地发现了一种方法，深度学习革命开始了。可知，找到了一种训练多层人工神经网络的方法导致了深度学习革命。故选C。7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"ByawardingtheNobelPrizeinPhysicstoHopfieldandHinton,theprizecommitteehassignaleditshopeinhumanity'spotentialtousetheseadvancestopromotehumanwell-beingandtobuildasustainableworld."通过将诺贝尔物理学奖授予Hopfield和Hinton，评奖委员会表达了对人类利用这些进步来促进人类福祉和构建一个可持续世界的潜力的期望。可知，将诺贝尔物理学奖授予Hopfield和Hinton可能会产生的影响是希望人们将利用这一发展造福地球。故选C。Jackdaws(寒鸦)arethesmallestmemberofthecrowfamily.Theyoftenliveinacrowd.Indeed,whencoldweathercomes,theygatherinthehundreds(andsometimesthousands)everyeveningsothattheycansleepinthesameplace.Ifyou'veeverheardjackdawsduringtheireveninggatheringsandmorningdepartures,you'llknowtheyarenotquietbirds.Despitebeingfairlylow-volumeduringtheday,theyarereallyloudoneithersideoftheirnight-timeget-togethers.Whymightthisbe?AteamoftheCornishJackdawProjectsetouttodeterminewhyjackdawsaresonoisybeforetheydepartfromtheirsleepingspot.Theteam'stheorywasthatthemorningcallsmightbeajackdawversionof"voting".Theresearcherssuspectedthateachindividual'scallmightcountasan"I'min!".Whenacertainamountof"I'min!"sarecalled—andsoacertainvolumeofnoiseisreached-thegroupmightthendepartasaunit.Totestthisidea,theresearchersartificiallyincreasedthelevelofcallsduringthejackdaws'naturalmorningcalls.Theirexpectationwasthat,ifjackdawsreallyare"votingwiththeirvoice"todecidewhentodepartthesleepingsite,artificiallyaddingcallswouldmakethemleaveearlierthantheynaturallywouldhavedone.Subsequentexperimentsconfirmedtheirexpectation.Theteamthereforeshowedthatjackdawsusetheircallsasasortofvotingsystem.Youmightwonderwhythishappens.Theresearcherssuggestthatindividualjackdawsbenefitfromthevotingsystembecausetheyarelessatriskofbeingkilledandtheycangetmoreaccesstosocialinformation—suchaswheretofindfood.Sotheloudcallsofjackdawsinthemorningarethereforenotthepurechaositsoundslike.Ifyouareeverbeingdrivenmadbythesoundinthemorning,youcanfindcomfortinthefactthattheloudertheyget,thesoonertheywillleaveyouinpeace.8．Whataspectofjackdawsconfusedscientists?A．Theirstrongteamspirit.B．Theirpreferencefornoisyhabitats.C．Theircollectivesleepinghabit.D．Theirunusualcallingbehavior.9．Whathappenedtothejackdawswhenartificialcallswereadded?A．Theystoppedcallingtogether.B．Theylefttheirsleepingspotearlier.C．Theybecamenoisierandmoreactive.D．Theychangedtheirsleepinglocation.10．Whatdoesthevotingsystemmeantoindividualjackdaws?A．Asignalofseekingfood.B．Astrategyforbettersurvival.C．Awaytoattractpotentialpartners.D．Amethodofdisplayingsocialskills.11．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．JackdawsareNoiseMakers.B．JackdawsHaveaComplexVotingSystem.C．Jackdaws‘Vote'toMakeaGroupDecision.D．Jackdaws‘Vote'toChooseTheirGroupLeaders.【答案】8．D9．B10．B11．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，寒鸦作为鸦科中体型最小的鸟类，常群居生活，尤其在早晚聚集和离开栖息地时十分喧闹。康沃尔寒鸦项目团队研究发现，寒鸦早晨的叫声并非无序嘈杂，而是通过"投票"机制决定群体何时离开栖息地——每只寒鸦的叫声相当于"我参与"，当叫声达到一定数量和音量时，群体便集体出发。这种行为有助于降低个体被捕食的风险，并获取更多社交信息（如食物来源）。因此，寒鸦的喧闹声虽可能令人烦躁，但实则是其高效协作的生存策略。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。8．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Despitebeingfairlylow-volumeduringtheday,theyarereallyloudoneithersideoftheirnight-timeget-togethers.Whymightthisbe?"尽管白天的声音很小，但在晚上聚集的时候，它们的声音非常大。为什么会这样呢？可知，让科学家们困惑的是它们不寻常的叫声。故选D。9．推理判断题。根据第二段中的"Theresearcherssuspectedthateachindividual'scallmightcountasan‘I'min!'.Whenacertainamountof‘I'min!'sarecalled—andsoacertainvolumeofnoiseisreached-thegroupmightthendepartasaunit."研究人员怀疑，每只寒鸦的呼叫都可能被视为"我加入!"当一定量的"我加入!"当噪音达到一定的音量时，这群乌鸦就会作为一个整体离开；第三段中的"Totestthisidea,theresearchersartificiallyincreasedthelevelofcallsduringthejackdaws'naturalmorningcalls."为了验证这一观点，研究人员人为地增加了寒鸦自然鸣叫时的叫声水平；以及"Theirexpectationwasthat,ifjackdawsreallyare‘votingwiththeirvoice'todecidewhentodepartthesleepingsite,artificiallyaddingcallswouldmakethemleaveearlierthantheynaturallywouldhavedone."他们的预期是，如果寒鸦真的"用声音投票"来决定何时离开睡觉的地方，人为地增加叫声会使它们比自然情况下更早离开。可知，研究人员人为地增加了寒鸦自然鸣叫时的叫声是为了验证之前提出的观点，即当一定量的"我加入!"噪音达到一定的音量时，这群乌鸦就会作为一个整体离开。故当人为地增加了寒鸦自然鸣的叫声时，乌鸦比自然情况下更早离开离开了睡觉的地方。故选B。10．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"Youmightwonderwhythishappens.Theresearcherssuggestthatindividualjackdawsbenefitfromthevotingsystembecausetheyarelessatriskofbeingkilledandtheycangetmoreaccesstosocialinformation—suchaswheretofindfood."你可能想知道为什么会这样。研究人员认为，个别寒鸦从投票系统中受益，因为它们被杀死的风险更小，而且它们可以获得更多的社会信息——比如在哪里可以找到食物。可知，个别寒鸦从投票系统中受益，因为它们被杀死的风险更小，即为一个更好生存的策略。故选B。11．标题归纳题。根据第一段中的"Despitebeingfairlylow-volumeduringtheday,theyarereallyloudoneithersideoftheirnight-timeget-togethers.Whymightthisbe?"尽管白天的声音很小，但在晚上聚集的时候，它们的声音非常大。为什么会这样呢？；以及通读全文，本文回答了寒鸦在晚上聚会时为什么会发出非常大的声音即寒鸦在离开睡眠地点前会发出大量的嘎吱声，研究人员认为这是它们用声音投票决定离开的方式。"寒鸦‘投票'做出集体决定"概括文章内容，符合作本文标题。故选C。AttheGameAwards(TGA)2024,BlackMyth:Wukongachievedseveral"breakthrough"inChinesegaminghistory.ThisChinesehitvideogamehastakenthegamingworldbystorm,sellingmorethan10millioncopiesacrossallplatformsinjustthreedaysafteritsrelease.ThegameisinspiredbytheclassicChinesenovelJourneytotheWest.Init,playerstaketheroleoftheDestinedOne,settingoffforadventurestocollectsixRelicsthatoncebelongedtoSunWukongandchallengetheCelestialCourt.Drawingonarichheritageofnearly1,000yearsofChineseculture,thegame'sstorylineandcharactershaveprovendifficulttounderstandforforeignplayers.Forinstance,aplayersharedonsocialmediathattheirlackoffamiliaritywithJourneytotheWestledtothemconsistentlymissinghiddentreasures,finallyresultinginrepeatedfailuresduringabossfightinChapter2.Meanwhile,someplayersfeeloverwhelmedbynameslikeErlangShenandLingxuzi,whichcanbedifficulttopronounceforthoseunfamiliarwithpinyin.Tobridgetheseculturaldivides,oneenthusiastwrotea200outlinedetailingSunWukong'sabilitiesacrossall100chaptersofJourneytotheWest.ManyothersimmersedthemselvesinthestorybycheckingoutTVshows,animeandonlineforums.Throughthisprocess,westernplayershavenotonlyimprovedtheirgamingskillsbutalsodevelopedadeeperappreciationforSunWukongandJourneytotheWest."AlthoughmanypeoplemightcompareSunWukongtoWesternsuperheroes,Ibelievetheyaredifferent,"saidPatrickfromtheUS."SunWukonghasacarefreeandindependentnature,unlimitedbytheneedtosetagoodexampleforotherslikeSpider-Man,whobycontrastfollowsprincipleslike'withgreatpowercomesgreatresponsibility'."JourneytotheWestoffersacomprehensivenarrativethatcoversaverydangerousjourney,numerousencountersandtheexplorationofvariouscultures,makingitarichsourcefordiversestorytellingtypesandculturalbackgrounds.PerhapsthesearesomeofthekeyreasonswhyJourneytotheWesthasbeentranslatedintooveradozenlanguages,withmorethan60versionsavailableworldwide.12．WhatistheDestinedOneinparagraph2?A．Thefictionalmaincharacterofthegame.B．ThenicknameofSunWukonginthegame.C．OneoftheadventurestocollectthesixRelics.D．OneofthesixRelicsbelongingtotheCelestialCourt.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"bridge"inparagraph4mostlikelymean?A．Takecontrolof. B．Getridof.C．Losetrackof. D．Takeadvantageof.14．Whatcanbelearnedaboutthegamefromthepassage?A．Ithasgraduallygainedpopularityamongplayersworldwide.B．ItsoriginalcharacterSunWukongissimilartowesternsuperheroes.C．ItishardforforeignplayersduetotheirunfamiliaritywithChineseculture.D．Ithasbeentranslatedintomanylanguageswithnumerousversionsavailableworldwide.15．Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A．AChinesehitvideogameanditsoriginalnovelJourneytotheWest.B．ReasonsbehindthesuccessofChinesevideogameBlackMyth:Wukong.C．ThebenefitsBlackMyth:WukongbringstothespreadofChineseculture.D．Theculturalimpactandwesternplayers'receptionofaChinesehitvideogame.【答案】12．A13．B14．C15．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了《黑神话：悟空》在海外取得的巨大成功及其引发的跨文化传播现象。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。12．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Init,playerstaketheroleoftheDestinedOne,settingoffforadventurestocollectsixRelicsthatoncebelongedtoSunWukongandchallengetheCelestialCourt."在游戏中，玩家扮演DestinedOne，踏上冒险之旅，收集曾属于孙悟空的六件法宝，并向天庭发起挑战。可知，DestinedOne指的是游戏中的虚构主角。故选A。13．词义猜测题。根据第三段中的"Drawingonarichheritageofnearly1,000yearsofChineseculture,thegame'sstorylineandcharactershaveprovendifficulttounderstandforforeignplayers."这款游戏的故事情节和角色根植于近1000年的中国丰富文化遗产，对于外国玩家来说理解起来颇具难度；以及第四段中的"Tobridgetheseculturaldivides,oneenthusiastwrotea200outlinedetailingSunWukong'sabilitiesacrossall100chaptersofJourneytotheWest.ManyothersimmersedthemselvesinthestorybycheckingoutTVshows,animeandonlineforums."为了bridge这些文化鸿沟，一位爱好者撰写了一份200页的大纲，详细阐述了孙悟空在《西游记》100章中的能力。许多其他人则通过观看电视剧、动漫和参与在线论坛来沉浸于这个故事。可知，游戏的故事情节和人物对外国玩家来说很难理解。一位爱好者撰写了一份200页的大纲，详细阐述了孙悟空在《西游记》100章中的能力，是为了弥合文化鸿沟，消除文化障碍。划线词bridge在此处意为"消除（文化障碍）"，故选B。14．细节理解题。根据第三段中的"Drawingonarichheritageofnearly1,000yearsofChineseculture,thegame'sstorylineandcharactershaveprovendifficulttounderstandforforeignplayers."这款游戏的故事情节和角色根植于近1000年的中国丰富文化遗产，对于外国玩家来说理解起来颇具难度。可知，这款游戏因为外国玩家对中国文化的不熟悉而对他们来说很难。故选C。15．主旨大意题。根据第一段"AttheGameAwards(TGA)2024,BlackMyth:Wukongachievedseveral‘breakthrough'inChinesegaminghistory.ThisChinesehitvideogamehastakenthegamingworldbystorm,sellingmorethan10millioncopiesacrossallplatformsinjustthreedaysafteritsrelease."在2024年游戏大奖（TGA）上，《黑神话：悟空》在中国游戏史上取得了多项"突破性"成就。这款在中国大热的视频游戏一经发布，便迅速席卷了整个游戏界，在所有平台上仅三天内就售出了超过1000万份。可知本文介绍了中国热门视频游戏《黑神话：悟空》以及它在西方玩家中的反响和文化影响。因此本文主旨是"一款中国热门视频游戏的文化影响以及西方玩家的反响"。故选D。Whethertheyareafriend,familymember,coworker,orromanticpartner,dealingwithsomeonewhoisinsecurecanbeexhausting.16．Herearesomepracticalsuggestionstomakeyourrelationshipmorerelaxingandenjoyable.Identifythecoreissue.Whethertheyareanxiousaboutwork,school,ortheirbodyimage,havingthemtalk,listeningtothemandunderstandingtheirfeelingsisimportant.Somethingthatmightseemlighttoyoumightbeabigdealforthem.Showthemthatyouarelistening.Insecurepeopleoftenstruggletoexpresstheiremotheiremotions,soavoidcuttingthemoffinconversationortalkingoverthem.Instead,listenactivelyandmakeeyecontacttoletthemfeelcomfortable.17．Ifyouseemdistracted,theyarelikelytoshutdown.Praisetheirworkandeffort.18．Applaudtheirefforteveniftheyfellshortandtheywillunderstandthatyouarenotjudgingthemforfailures.Someonewhoisinsecureislikelytothinklittleofapraise,butthatdoesn'tmeanyourwordsdidn'tland.19．Peoplewhostrugglewithinsecuritymayneedconstantreassuranceandsupport,whichyoucan'talwaysprovide.Theymightdemandtoomuchofyourtimeandattention.Ifyousetclearboundaries,tellthemclearlywhatisn'tacceptableforyou,youwon'tfeelasoverwhelmedorfrustrated.Helpthepersongetprofessionalsupport.Putthemintouchwithacounselorortherapistifnecessary.Becauseinsecurepeopleoftenhavetrustissues,theymighthaveaprettylimitedsupportsystem.Checkyourresourcesthroughyourschool,job,localcommunityforhelp.20．A.Establishclearboundaries.B.Rejectconstantdisturbances.C.Givethemyourundividedattention.D.Acknowledgewhentheyhavedonesomethingwell.E.Ifpossible,givethemnamesandnumberstheycancall.F.Peopleliketobevaluedandappreciatedfortheirdevotiontowork.G.Butyourkindnessandrespectwillempowerthemandrebuildtheirconfidence.【答案】16．G；17．C；18．D；19．A；20．E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，与缺乏安全感的人相处可能令人疲惫，但通过以下实用建议可改善关系：识别其核心焦虑来源并耐心倾听；以积极倾听和眼神交流展现关注；肯定其努力而非仅关注结果；明确设定个人边界以避免过度消耗；必要时引导其寻求专业心理支持。这些方法能帮助双方建立更轻松愉悦的互动模式。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空前"Whethertheyareafriend,familymember,coworker,orromanticpartner,dealingwithsomeonewhoisinsecurecanbeexhausting."无论是朋友、家人、同事还是恋人，与缺乏安全感的人打交道会让人筋疲力尽；以及空后"Herearesomepracticalsuggestionstomakeyourrelationshipmorerelaxingandenjoyable."这里有一些实用的建议，可以让你们的关系更轻松愉快。说明空处应该提到能让关系更加轻松愉快的建议。G.Butyourkindnessandrespectwillempowerthemandrebuildtheirconfidence."但是你的善良和尊重会给他们力量，重建他们的信心。"提到与缺乏安全感的人打交道要学会尊重和重建信心，承上启下，符合语境，故选G。17．根据空前"Instead,listenactivelyandmakeeyecontacttoletthemfeelcomfortable."相反，积极倾听，眼神交流，让他们感觉舒服；以及空后"Ifyouseemdistracted,theyarelikelytoshutdown."如果你看起来心烦意乱，他们可能会关闭。可推知，在沟通的过程中让对方知道你在专注倾听也是非常重要的。C.Givethemyourundividedattention."给予他们你全部的注意力"提到了沟通过程中注意力的重要性。承上启下，符合语境，故选C。18．根据空后"Applaudtheirefforteveniftheyfellshortandtheywillunderstandthatyouarenotjudgingthemforfailures."即使他们失败了，也要为他们的努力鼓掌，这样他们就会明白你并不是在评判他们的失败。可推知，本段讲的是赞扬和肯定。D.Acknowledgewhentheyhavedonesomethingwell."当他们做得好的时候给予肯定"，强调肯定的重要性，符合语境，故选D。19．根据空后"Peoplewhostrugglewithinsecuritymayneedconstantreassuranceandsupport,whichyoucan'talwaysprovide.Theymightdemandtoomuchofyourtimeandattention.Ifyousetclearboundaries,tellthemclearlywhatisn'tacceptableforyou,youwon'tfeelasoverwhelmedorfrustrated."那些在不安全感中挣扎的人可能需要不断的安慰和支持，而你不可能总是提供这些。他们可能会占用你太多的时间和精力。如果你设定了清晰的界限，清楚地告诉他们什么是你不能接受的，你就不会感到不知所措或沮丧了。提到了不安全感的人可能需要大量的时间和注意。A.Establishclearboundaries."建立清晰的界限。"强调设限可以减少不满和沮丧。符合该段内容，可以作为该段标题。故选A。20．根据空前"Checkyourresourcesthroughyourschool,job,localcommunityforhelp."通过你的学校、工作、当地社区寻找帮助；再结合本段小标题"Helpthepersongetprofessionalsupport."帮助这个人获得专业支持，可知，本段提到帮助不安全感的人获得专业支持。E.Ifpossible,givethemnamesandnumberstheycancall."如果可能，给他们可以咨询的名称和号码"表示对后续求助行为进行指导。该项起到总结该段内容的作用。故选E。Itmustbeaterribledreamofmostpeople:survivingaplanecrash,onlytobeleftinarainforestwithnowayofmakingcontactwiththeoutsideworld.However,thiswas21．forfourColombianchildren,andinanunbelievable22．ofknowledgeandwillpower,theysurvived.Thechildren,aged13,nineandfour,aswellasan11-month-oldbaby,were23．withtheirmother.Theyweregoingtovisittheirfatherinthecapitalcity.Theirplaneexperiencedengineproblemsand24．onMay1,2023.Fortwoweeks,badweatherpreventedthearmy25．thecrashsite.Theyfoundthreeadultslater,includingthechildren'smother,whowerealready26．.Howdidthesechildrensurviveconditionsthatwouldbe27．evenformostadults?TheyaremembersoftheHuitotoIndigenous(土著)groupandwere28．intherainforest.Therefore,theyhaveacomplete29．oftherainforest.Theyknowwhichfruitsaresafetoeatandwhichplantsshouldbe30．.Theysurvivedonafruitcalledjuansocoandseeds,andfedthebabyonwatermixedwithflourthattheyfoundontheplane.Whilethe31．gotonwiththebusinessofsurviving,theColombianarmyworkedwithIndigenousvolunteerstofindthem.Andafter40daysof32．,thearmyfoundthechildrenandtookthemtorecoveratamilitaryhospitalinthecityofBogota.Manyaroundtheworldhavetakenthissurvivalstorytobea33．,whileotherspointoutthatitistheresultofanancientandthoroughknowledgeofthe34．thathasbeenpasseddownthroughIndigenouscommunitiesoverthegenerations.Indigenousgroupshaveadeeprespectfortheforestand,35．,theircloseconnectiontotherainforesthelpedthechildrentosurvive.21．A．luck B．reality C．punishment D．responsibility22．A．crash B．report C．story D．rainforest23．A．flying B．playing C．resting D．exploring24．A．sloweddown B．circledaround C．tookoff D．wentmissing25．A．locating B．recording C．arriving D．rebuilding26．A．asleep B．alive C．tired D．dead27．A．normal B．favorable C．unimaginable D．unreasonable28．A．found B．raised C．protected D．lost29．A．control B．map C．view D．knowledge30．A．planted B．cut C．avoided D．conserved31．A．villagers B．children C．government D．media32．A．searching B．waiting C．travelling D．practice33．A．joke B．wonder C．secret D．challenge34．A．world B．village C．forest D．tradition35．A．undoubtedly B．possibly C．surprisingly D．unavoidably【答案】21．B；22．C；23．A；24．D；25．A；26．D；27．C；28．B；29．D；30．C；31．B；32．A；33．B；34．C；35．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了四名哥伦比亚儿童在空难后被困雨林40天，凭借土著部落传承的生存智慧与顽强意志成功获救。他们依靠对雨林植物的深刻认知（如识别可食用果实与药用植物）、传统生存技能（如用面粉和水喂养婴儿）以及与自然的紧密联系，在极端环境中存活下来。这一事件既被视为奇迹，更凸显了原住民社区代代相传的生态知识对人类生存的关键价值。

【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。21．句意：但是，对于四个哥伦比亚孩子来说，这是现实，在一个不可思议的知识和意志力的故事中，他们活了下来。A：luck"运气"；B：reality"现实"；C：punishment"惩罚"；D：esponsibility

"责任"。根据空前"However"；以及空后"theysurvived"可知，这些孩子真的经历了这样的事情，所以这是现实。故选B。22．句意：但是，对于四个哥伦比亚孩子来说，这是现实，在一个不可思议的知识和意志力的故事中，他们活了下来。A：crash"坠毁"；B：report"报道"；C：story"故事"；D：rainfores"雨林"。根据下文"Manyaroundtheworldhavetakenthissurvivalstorytobea13"世界各地的许多人将这个生存故事视为一种奇迹。可知本文讲述的是飞机失事后被困在丛林里的四个孩子幸存下来的故事。故选C。23．句意：这些孩子分别是13岁、9岁和4岁，还有一个11个月大的婴儿，他们和母亲一起乘飞机。A：flying"飞行"；B：playing"玩耍"；C：resting"休息"；D：exploring"探索"。根据后文"Theirplaneexperiencedengineproblems"他们的飞机发动机出现问题，可知，他们乘坐的是飞机。故选A。24．句意：2023年5月1日，他们的飞机发动机出现问题并失踪了。A：sloweddown"减速"；B：circledaround"在……周围盘旋"；C：tookoff"起飞"；D：wentmissing"失踪"。根据下文的"Fortwoweeks,badweatherpreventedthearmy5thecrashsite."两周，恶劣的天气使军队两周内无法定位坠机地点可知，后来军队努力定位坠机地点，说明飞机发动机出问题后就失踪了。故选D。25．句意：两周，恶劣的天气使军队两周内无法定位坠机地点。A：locating"定位"；B：recording"记录"；C：arriving"到达"；D：rebuilding"重建"。根据下文"Theyfoundthreeadultstherelater"他们后来发现了三名成年人，可知，军队后来找到了坠机地点，说明之前因为天气原因无法定位。故选A。26．句意：他们后来在那里发现了三名成年人，包括孩子们的母亲，他们已经死了。A：asleep"睡着的"；B：alive"活着的"；C：tired"疲惫的"；D：dead"死亡的"。根据下文"Howdidthesechildrensurviveconditionsthatwouldbe7formostadults?"这些孩子是如何在大多数成年人看来都难以想象的环境中生存下来的？可知，三个成年人，包括孩子们的母亲，被找到时都已经死了。故选D。27．句意：这些孩子是如何在大多数成年人看来都难以想象的环境中生存下来的？A：normal"正常的"；B：favorable"有利的"；C：unimaginable"难以想象的"；D：unreasonable"不合理的"。根据上文"survivingaplanecrashonlytobeleftinarainforestwithnowayofcontactingtheoutsideworld"在飞机失事中幸存下来，却被留在雨林中，无法与外界联系。可知，孩子们在热带雨林且无法与外界联系的环境中生存了下来，这在大多数成年人看来都是难以想象的。故选C。28．句意：他们是Huitoto土著群体的成员，在雨林中长大。A：found"发现"；B：raised"抚养，养育"；C：protected"保护"；D：los"丢失"。根据空前"TheyaremembersoftheHuitotoIndigenous(土著)group"；以及下文"Theyknowwhichfruitsaresafetoeatandwhichplantsshouldbe10."他们知道哪些水果可以吃，哪些植物应该避免。可知，他们对雨林非常了解，说明他们是在雨林中长大的。故选B。29．句意：因此，他们对热带雨林有全面的了解。A：control"控制"；B：map"地图"；C：view"观点"；D：knowledge"知识"。根据下文"They