2026年抑郁症英语测试题及答案

2026年抑郁症英语测试题及答案

一、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1.Theprimarysymptomofdepressionisapersistentfeelingof_______andlossofinterestorpleasureinactivities.2.AccordingtotheDSM-5,amajordepressiveepisodemustlastforatleast_______days.3.Antidepressantsworkbyaffectingthelevelsofcertainneurotransmittersinthebrain,suchas_______andserotonin.4.Cognitive-behavioraltherapy(CBT)isatypeofpsychotherapythathelpsindividualsidentifyandchangenegative_______andthoughtpatterns.5.Theterm"doubledepression"referstotheoccurrenceof_______depressioninindividualswhohaveahistoryofchronic,milddepression.6.Electroconvulsivetherapy(ECT)isatreatmentoptionforseveredepressionthatinvolvesinducingabrief_______inthepatient.7.Apersonwithdepressionmayexperiencesignificantchangesintheirsleeppatterns,suchasinsomniaorexcessive_______.8.The"behavioralactivation"techniqueinCBTinvolvesincreasingengagementinactivitiesthatarelikelytoproduceasenseof_______.9.TheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)estimatesthatdepressionisoneoftheleadingcausesofdisabilityworldwide,affectingapproximately_______peopleeachyear.10.Asupportgroupforindividualswithdepressioncanprovideasenseofcommunityandhelpreducefeelingsof_______.二、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Depressionisprimarilyapsychologicaldisorderandisnotinfluencedbybiologicalfactors.(True/False)2.Antidepressantsareeffectiveforalltypesofdepression,includingmildandmoderatecases.(True/False)3.Cognitive-behavioraltherapy(CBT)isalong-termtreatmentoptionthatcanprovidelastingrelieffromdepression.(True/False)4.Electroconvulsivetherapy(ECT)isonlyusedasalastresortwhenothertreatmentshavefailed.(True/False)5.Individualswithdepressionoftenexperiencesignificantweightlossorgain,accompaniedbyadecreaseorincreaseinappetite.(True/False)6.Theterm"doubledepression"referstotheoccurrenceofmajordepressioninindividualswhohaveahistoryofchronic,milddepression.(True/False)7.Asupportgroupforindividualswithdepressioncanprovideasenseofcommunityandhelpreducefeelingsofisolation.(True/False)8.Antidepressantsworkbyaffectingthelevelsofcertainneurotransmittersinthebrain,suchasdopamineandserotonin.(True/False)9.The"behavioralactivation"techniqueinCBTinvolvesincreasingengagementinactivitiesthatarelikelytoproduceasenseofpleasure.(True/False)10.TheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)estimatesthatdepressionisoneoftheleadingcausesofdisabilityworldwide,affectingapproximately300millionpeopleeachyear.(True/False)三、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingisaprimarysymptomofdepression?a)Increasedenergylevelsb)Persistentfeelingsofsadnessandlossofinterestc)Improvedsleeppatternsd)Enhancedappetite2.AccordingtotheDSM-5,amajordepressiveepisodemustlastforatleast:a)2daysb)7daysc)14daysd)30days3.Antidepressantsworkbyaffectingthelevelsofcertainneurotransmittersinthebrain,suchas:a)Dopamineandnorepinephrineb)GABAandserotoninc)Glutamateandacetylcholined)Endorphinsandmelatonin4.Whichofthefollowingisatypeofpsychotherapythathelpsindividualsidentifyandchangenegativethoughtpatterns?a)Interpersonaltherapyb)Psychodynamictherapyc)Cognitive-behavioraltherapyd)Grouptherapy5.Theterm"doubledepression"referstotheoccurrenceof:a)Majordepressioninindividualswithahistoryofchronic,milddepressionb)Chronic,milddepressioninindividualswithahistoryofmajordepressionc)Recurrentepisodesofmajordepressiond)Milddepressioninindividualswithahistoryofmajordepression6.Electroconvulsivetherapy(ECT)isatreatmentoptionforseveredepressionthatinvolvesinducingabrief:a)Comab)Seizurec)Stroked)Hallucination7.Apersonwithdepressionmayexperiencesignificantchangesintheirsleeppatterns,suchas:a)Improvedsleepqualityb)Insomniaorexcessivesleepc)IncreasedREMsleepd)Decreasedsleeplatency8.The"behavioralactivation"techniqueinCBTinvolvesincreasingengagementinactivitiesthatarelikelytoproduceasenseof:a)Sadnessb)Anxietyc)Pleasured)Anger9.TheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)estimatesthatdepressionisoneoftheleadingcausesofdisabilityworldwide,affectingapproximately:a)100millionpeopleeachyearb)200millionpeopleeachyearc)300millionpeopleeachyeard)400millionpeopleeachyear10.Asupportgroupforindividualswithdepressioncanprovideasenseofcommunityandhelpreducefeelingsof:a)Excitementb)Confidencec)Isolationd)Euphoria四、简答题（每题5分，共20分）1.Describethemainsymptomsofdepressionandhowtheycanimpactaperson'sdailylife.2.Explaintheroleofneurotransmittersinthedevelopmentofdepressionandhowantidepressantscanhelpalleviatesymptoms.3.Discussthebenefitsofcognitive-behavioraltherapy(CBT)inthetreatmentofdepressionandhowithelpsindividualschangenegativethoughtpatterns.4.Explaintheconceptof"behavioralactivation"inCBTandhowitcanbeusedtohelpindividualswithdepressionexperienceasenseofpleasureandengagementinactivities.五、讨论题（每题5分，共20分）1.Discussthepotentialcausesofdepression,includingbiological,psychological,andenvironmentalfactors.2.Compareandcontrasttheeffectivenessofdifferenttreatmentoptionsfordepression,suchasmedication,therapy,andlifestylechanges.3.Discusstheimportanceofsupportgroupsforindividualswithdepressionandhowtheycanprovideasenseofcommunityandhelpreducefeelingsofisolation.4.Discusstheimpactofdepressiononindividuals'dailylivesandthechallengestheymayfaceinseekinghelpandmanagingtheirsymptoms.答案和解析：一、填空题1.Sadness2.143.Dopamineandserotonin4.Thoughts5.Major6.Seizure7.Sleep8.Pleasure9.300million10.Isolation二、判断题1.False2.False3.True4.True5.True6.False7.True8.True9.False10.True三、选择题1.b2.c3.a4.c5.a6.b7.b8.c9.c10.c四、简答题1.Themainsymptomsofdepressionincludepersistentfeelingsofsadnessandlossofinterestorpleasureinactivities,changesinappetiteandsleeppatterns,fatigueorlossofenergy,feelingsofworthlessnessorguilt,difficultyconcentrating,andthoughtsofdeathorsuicide.Thesesymptomscansignificantlyimpactaperson'sdailylife,makingitdifficulttoperformdailytasks,maintainrelationships,andengageinactivitiestheyonceenjoyed.2.Neurotransmittersarechemicalsinthebrainthattransmitsignalsbetweennervecells.Imbalancesinneurotransmitterssuchasdopamine,serotonin,andnorepinephrinehavebeenlinkedtothedevelopmentofdepression.Antidepressantsworkbyaffectingthelevelsoftheseneurotransmitters,helpingtorestorebalanceandalleviatesymptomsofdepression.3.Cognitive-behavioraltherapy(CBT)isatypeofpsychotherapythathelpsindividualsidentifyandchangenegativethoughtpatternsandbehaviorsthatcontributetodepression.CBTfocusesonidentifyingdistortedthinkingpatternsandreplacingthemwithmorerealisticandpositiveones.Italsohelpsindividualsdevelopcopingstrategiestomanagestressandimprovetheiroverallwell-being.4.BehavioralactivationisatechniqueusedinCBTtohelpindividualswithdepressionincreaseengagementinactivitiesthatarelikelytoproduceasenseofpleasureandsatisfaction.Itinvolvesgraduallyincreasingparticipationinactivitiesthatwereonceenjoyableormeaningful,suchashobbies,socialactivities,orexercise.Byengagingintheseactivities,individualscanexperienceasenseofaccomplishmentandimprovetheirmood.五、讨论题1.Thepotentialcausesofdepressionaremultifactorialandcanincludebiological,psychological,andenvironmentalfactors.Biologicalfactorsincludegeneticpredisposition,imbalancesinneurotransmitters,andchangesinbrainstructure.Psychologicalfactorsincludenegativethoughtpatterns,lowself-esteem,andpasttrauma.Environmentalfactorsincludestressfullifeevents,chronicillness,andsocialisolation.2.Differenttreatmentoptionsfordepression,suchasmedication,therapy,andlifestylechanges,canbeeffectivetovaryingdegreesdependingontheindividual.Medications,suchasantidepressants,canhelpalleviatesymptomsbyrestoringbalanceinneurotransmitterlevels.Therapy,suchasCBT,canhelpindividualsidentifyandchangenegativethoughtpatternsanddevelopcopingstrategies.Lifestylechanges,suchasregularexercise,healthydiet,andstressmanagementtechniques,canalsocontributetomanagingdepres