Unit7ThenaturalworldGrammar课件译林版英语八年级上册()

GrammarUnit7Thenaturalworld能够掌握并正确运用两种基本句型：S+V+IO+DO、S+V+DO+OC能够掌握并正确使用and,but,or和soLearningaimsLeadin1.Youloveyourfamily.2.Theyreadbookseveryday.3.Herbrotherhasgoodmanners.4.Thetemperaturedrops.5.Thefishtastesnice.6.Samisacommonboy.说出下列句子的基本结构。S+VS+V+OS+V+OS+V+OS+V+PS+V+PActivity1LearntouseS+V+IO+DO、S+V+DO+OCVerbsandsentencestructures(Ⅱ)Someverbscantaketwoobjects,adirectobjectandanindirectobject.S+V+O(indirect)+O(direct)→Thesungivesoceananimalslightandheat.

S

V

O

O

Wecanchangetheorderofthedirectandindirectobjectsbyusingtoorfor.Thesungiveslightandheattooceananimals.Weshouldbuildabetterhomeforlocalwildlife.谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者,另一个是动作的间接承受者。有的谓语动词后面出现双宾语

(人)间接宾语和(物)直接宾语。“主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”。在表达时，常常是间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后。Hegavemeabike.Thisterm,Mr.Wang

teaches

us

Chinese.在具体表达时,可以将直接宾语提前。如果直接宾语在前，间接宾语在后，要根据具体的意思在间接宾语前加上相应的介词。Myparents

bought

somestorybooks

forme.They

gave

alotofstorybooks

tous.主+谓+间宾+直宾（S+V+IO+DO）。Nancygaveme

ahat.IO(间接宾语人)

DO(直接宾语物)HobobuiltEddie

atent.

IO(间接宾语人)

DO(直接宾语物)在这一结构中，间接宾语可改成一个由to/for引导的短语。在双宾语句子中间接宾语往往是人，直接宾语往往是物。Thesewordsareoftenusedwithto:givehandlendofferpasspostreadsellsendshowtaketeachtellwriteTip主+谓+sb.+sth.=主+谓+sth.+to+sb.Ioftenlend

himmybook.=Ioftenlendmybookto

him.give/hand/lend/offerpass/post/read/sell/send/show/take/teach/tell/write+sb.sth.+sth.tosb.Thesewordsareoftenusedwithfor:buildbuycookfindgetleavemakeorderpickpreparesaveTip主+谓+sb.+sth.=主+谓+sth.+for+sb.Ioftenbuymysistersomebooks.=Ioftenbuysomebooksformysister.build/buy/cook/findget/leave/make/order/pick/prepare/save+sb.sth.+sth.forsb.练习：用to/for填空1.Theboyoftenlendshisdictionary_____others.2.Wewanttobuyapresent_____ourteacher.3.Don’tgivetoomuchmoney_____yourson.4.Pleasepasstheform______nextone.5.MyMumalwayscookmeals______me.tofortotoforAnobjectcomplementcanalsofollowadirectobjecttogivemoreinformationabouttheobject.S+V+O(direct)+C→Themotherbirdkeepstheeggssafe.

S

V

O

C

宾语补足语(C或OC),简称宾补(宾语补足语用于补充说明宾语的情况)补足语跟在宾语后，表明宾语的状态。

S+V+

DO+OC.FormsofobjectcomplementsExamplesTheynamedthecatBob.Ifoundthemovieboring.Theyconsidertheideatheirs.Theylefthimathome.Iaskedhertohelp.Isawhimrunning.NounornounphraseAdjectivePronounPrepositionalphraseInfinitiveParticipleSummarizedifferentformsofobjectcomplementsThedesertDesertsaredifficultplacesforanimalstolive.Littlerainandtoomuchsunshinemakedesertsdry.Manydesertplantsgiveanimalswater.Theseplantsstorewaterintheirleaves.Someanimalsfeedontheleaves,andthewatercankeepthemhealthy.Quiteafewdesertplantsalsogiveanimalsfood.Theirflowersandfruitscanprovideanimalswithenergy.S+V+O+OS+V+O+CS+V+O+CS+V+O+OAmyiswritingaboutthedesert.ReadherwritingandwritethemainstructuresoftheunderlinedsentencesusingS+V+O+OorS+V+O+C.PracticeActivity2Learntouseand,but,or,soWeuseconjunctionslikeand,but,orandsotojoinideastogether.Rainforestsarehot.Theygetalotofrain.Rainforestsarehot,andtheygetalotofrain.Whenjoiningmorethantwoexpressions,weusuallyonlyputandbeforethelast.Thedesertishot,dryandcoveredbysand.Oceansprovidefoodformanyanimals,produceoxygenandstoreheatfromthesun.Weusebuttojoinideasthataredifferent.Thiskindoffishcanfindenoughspacehere.Theycanfindlittlefood.Thiskindoffishcanfindenoughspacehere,buttheycanfindlittlefood.Weuseandtojoinsimilarorrelatedideas.Birdscanliveintheforest.Theycanalsoliveinthewetland.Birdscanliveintheforestorinthewetland.Innegativesentences,weuseortojointwoormoreideas.Thedeepoceanisn’twarm.Thedeepoceanisn’tbright.Thedeepoceanisn’tnoisy.Thedeepoceanisn’twarm,brightornoisy.Weusesotoexpresstheresultofsomething.Desertsaredry.Someplantskeepwaterintheirleaves.Desertsaredry,sosomeplantskeepwaterintheirleaves.Weuseortointroduceanotherpossibility.从句子结构上来说，句子有三种：简单句、并列句和复合句。①简单句有一个主语或多个主语和一个谓语；一个主语和多个谓语。Apples,grapesandorangesaremyfavoritefruit.Mymothercleanedthefloor,spreadthetableclothandthenpreparedthedishes.②

并列句是由并列连词连接的两个或多个简单句.Weadmirehimandhethinkshighlyofus.Ioffertohelpbutsherefused.Studyhard,oryou’llfail.③复合句指的是含有两个或更多的主谓结构的句子，复合句中的主句和从句都具有完整的主语和谓语。连词and、but、or、so的用法:1.and:用于连接相似的想法或并列的成分,表示“和;并且”。e.g.Heistallandstrong.他又高又壮。特殊情况:连接两个以上的表达时,通常只在最后一个前用and。e.g.Thedesertishot,dryandcoveredbysand.沙漠炎热、干燥且被沙子覆盖。2.but:用于连接不同的想法,表示转折,意为“但是”。e.g.It'ssunnytoday,butit'salittlecold.今天天气晴朗，但有点冷。Thiskindoffishcanfindenoughspacehere,buttheycanfindlittlefood.这种鱼在这里能找到足够的空间，但是几乎找不到食物。3.or（或者;也不）用法1:用于引出另一种可能性,表示“或者，否则”，在否定句中连接两个或多个并列成分。e.g.Youcangototheparkorstayathome.你可以去公园或者待在家里。用法2:在否定句中，连接两个或多个观点。e.g.Thedeepoceanisn’twarm,brightornoisy.深海不温暖、不明亮，也不嘈杂。4.so:表示结果,意为“所以；因此”。e.g.Hewasill,sohedidn'tgotoschool.他生病了,所以没去上学。PracticeDavidiswritingaboutecosystems.Helphimjoinhisideasusingand,but,orandso.Davidiswritingaboutecosystems.Helphimjoinhisideasusingand,but,orandso.1Grasslandscanbehot.Animalssitundertheshadeoftrees._____________________________________________________________2Wetlandscanhavesaltwater.Theycanhavefreshwater._____________________________________________________________3ThereareforestsinAsia.ThereareforestsinEurope._____________________________________________________________4Desertsaredry.Theyarenotalwayshot.