雨课堂学堂在线学堂云Fundamentals of Geology(西南石油大学)单元测试考核答案

第1题WhatistheproportionoflandareatoseaareaonEarth?A4:6B3:7C1:2D1:3第2题MorphologyofcontinentalsurfaceincludesAPlateauBBasinCValleyDMountainEHillFPlain正确答案：ABDEF第3题therearetwotypesofcontinentalmargin,includingAPassivecontinentalmarginBAtlantictype

continentalmargin

CActivecontinentalmarginDPassifictype

continentalmargin

正确答案：AC第4题Temperaturefromearthsurfacetotheinnercanbedividedinto

AOuterthermallayerBHightemperaturelayerCNormaltemperaturelayerDinterthermallayer正确答案：ACD第1题TheprinciplelayersoftheearthareACrustBMantleCCoreDLithosphere正确答案：ABC第2题Whofoundtheboundarybetweencrustandmantle?AGutenbergBMohoCIngeLehmanDWilson第3题TheContinentalcrustandoceaniccrustistotallydifferent.第4题thedensityofoceaniccrustisheavierthanthatofcontinentalcrust

2.1.2Assignments第1题Isgasmineral?第2题Issaltmineral?第3题Issugarmineral?第4题Ispearlmineral?第5题Isglassmineral?第6题Isquartzamineral?第7题Iswatermineral?第8题Isrubyamineral?第9题Isamberamineral?第10题Isglacialiceamineral?2.2.2Assignments第1题Whatisthetendencyofamineraltobreakalongplanesofweakbonding?AHardnessBCleavageCFractureDLuster第2题WhatisthehardnessofQuartz?A5B6C7D8第3题Howmanycleavage/cleavagesis/arethecalcitehas/have?A1B2C3D4第4题Howmanycleavage/cleavagesis/aretheGraphitehas/have?A1B2C3D4第5题Thecrystalsofmicaare:ACubesBSheetsCOctahedronsDDodecahedrons第6题WhichmineralcanreactwithHCLandproduceCO2?AQuartzBCalciteCDolomiteDFluorite第7题WhatishardnessofCalcite?A1B2C3D42.3.2Assignments第1题TheeightmostabundantelementsinthecontinentalcrustareSi,O,Fe,K,Mg,Na,Ca,Al.第2题Whatisthemostcommontypeofmineralsintheearth?ACarbonatemineralsBSilicate

minerals

CSulfatemineralsDSulfideminerals第3题Whichmineralismadecompletelyofsiliconandoxygen?AFeldsparBQuartzCMicaDGraphite第4题Whatiscarbonatemineral?AMuscoviteBDolomiteCFeldsparDHornblende第5题Biotiteisthecommonmemberofthemicafamily.Itbelongsto:ALightsilicateBDarksilicateCNonsilicate3.1.2Assignments第1题ThevolumepercentageofigneousrocksinthecrustisaboutA55%B66%C72%D76%第2题Mostmagmaneverreachesthesurface.RatheritcrystallizesatdepthtoproduceAExtrusiveigneousrockBIntrusiveigneousrock第3题Howdowemeltrocks?ARaisethetemperatureBLowerthepressureCAddvolatiles正确答案：ABC第4题Basedonrelativeamountsofsilica(SiO2),andmagnesium(Mg)and/oriron(Fe)，magma

canbedividedintoAFelsicmagmaBIntermediatemagma

CMaficmagma

DUltramaficmagma

正确答案：ABCD3.2.2Assignments第1题Mostmagmaneverreachesthesurface.RatheritcrystallizesatdepthtoproduceAExtrusiveigneousrockBIntrusiveigneousrock第2题WhatigneousrockischieflycomposedofquartzandfeldsparAGraniteBRhyoliteCBasaltDDiorite正确答案：AB第3题IntrusiveIgneoussettingsincludeADikeBLavaCsillDPlutons正确答案：ACD第4题Igneousrocksformintwoenvironments:ALandBOceanCExtrusiveDIntrusive正确答案：CD4.1.2Assignments第1题ThemetamorphicrockscanformfromASedimentaryrocksBIgneousrocksCMetamorphicrocks正确答案：ABC第2题WhatarethefactorscausingmetamorphismATemperatureBPressureCFluids正确答案：ABC第3题Rocksstayinasolidstateduringmetamorphism第4题Whichstructureofthefollowingistheclosely-spacedplanarsurfacesalongwhichrockssplitintothin,tabularslabswhenhitwithahammer?

AGneissicstructureBSlatystrctureCSchiststructure4.2.2Assignments第1题Whatmetamorphicrockoffollowingislooselycoherentrockcomposedofbrokenfragmentsthatformedalongafaultzone

AGeneissBBrecciaCSlateDSchist第2题Whichofthefollowingmetamorphicrockishard,nonfoliatedrockresultingfromcontactmetamorphismASchistBQuarziteCSlateDMarble正确答案：BD第3题WhichofthefollowingstatementisthebestdescriptionofMarble?Acalcite-rich,oftennonfoliated

Brepresentsametamorphicgradebetweenslateandschist

Cveryfine-grainedandfoliatedwithexcellentrockcleavageDlooselycoherentrockcomposedofbrokenfragmentsthatformedalongafaultzone

第4题ThemetamorphicrockscanformfromASedimentaryrocksBIgneousrocksCMetamorphicrocks正确答案：ABC第5题Marbleisnon-foliatedmetamorphicrock5.1.2Assignments第1题Exogenicgeologicprocessincludeweathering,___,transportation,____andlithificationAErosionBcuttingCDepostionDDiagenesis正确答案：AC第2题Hydrationisakindofchemicalweathering第3题Saltwedgingisakindofchemicalweathering第4题WeatheringincludesAPhysicalweatheringBChemicalweatheringCBiologicalweathering正确答案：ABC第5题Waterchemicallyreactswithmineralsandbreaksthemdown,itindicates

AHydrolysisBHydrationCDissolution5.2.2Assignments第1题WhichoneofthefollowingisNOTconsideredaphysicalprocessoflithification?ACementationBCompactionCCrystallization第2题Therounderandbettersortedgrainsindicatefarthertravelfromthesource.第3题Themoreangularandpoorlysortedgrainsindicatefarthertravelfromthesourceandlowerenergyoftheenvironmentofdeposition.第4题Consideringtheweather-resistibility,themoststablemineralonthesurfaceoftheEarthis:AQuartzBMicaCFeldspar

DOlivine第5题Consideringtheweather-resistibility,theworststablemineralonthesurfaceoftheEarthis:AQuartzBMicaCFeldsparDOlivine6.1.2Assignments第1题Hummockycross-stratificationusuallyindicatesstormcurrents第2题Whattypeofsedimentaryrocksismostcommon?ASandstoneBMudstoneCSiltstoneDCarbonate第3题WhichoneofthefollowingisNOTatypeofsedimentarystructure?

ARipplestructureBVesicularstructureCGradedbeddingDCrossbedding第4题Whichtypeofsedimentarystructurecanbeusedtodeterminecurrentdirection?ARipplemarksandmudcracksBRipplemarksandcrossbeddingCGradedbeddingandcrossbeddingDMudcracksandfossils第5题Comparedwithigneousrocksandmetamorphicrocks,sedimentaryrocksarerichin

ANaandKBH2OandCO2CFeandMgDCaandMg第6题Whatistheuniquecomponentofsedimentaryrock?AClaymineralsBOrganicmatterCLowtemperaturemineralsDHightemperatureminerals第7题Angularityofclastsindicatesthedegreetowhichgrainshavesmoothorangularcornersandedges6.2.2Assignments第1题What'scomposedofclasticsedimentaryrock?AmineralparticleBrockfragmentCmatrixDcements正确答案：ABCD第2题Whichofthefollowinglistsrankstheindicatedsedimentaryrocksfomhigh-energytolow-energyenvironmentsofdeposition?

ABreccia,shale,sandstoneBconglomerate,sandstone,shaleCConglomerate,siltstone,sandstoneDShale,sandstone,conglomerate第3题conglomerateandbrecciaarethesame第4题Brecciahasacompacted,clay-richmatrix,whereasconglomeratehasnomatrix.第5题Whattypeofsedimentaryrocksismostcommon?ASandstoneBMudstoneCSiltstoneDCarbonate第6题Sandstoneswithatleast95%quartzgrainsnamedas

AQuartzarenitesBArkosicareniteCLithareniteDDiamicrite第7题Mudstoneandclaystonearethesame6.3.2Assignments第1题Whichdescriptionisappropriatelymatchthecharacteristicsofcoralreef?Arelativelysimpleinvertebrateanimalssecreteacalcareousskeletonandgrowtogether

Bchemicalchangesorhighwatertemperaturesincreasecalciumcarbonateconcentrationstothepointofprecipitation

Cbiochemicallimestonewhereshellfragmentsarepoorlycementedtogether

Dcomposedofsmallsphericalgrains,commonlysmallshellfragments,coatedwithprecipitatedcalciumcarbonate

第2题Bindstoneandbafflestonearethesame第3题shellfragmentisakindofskeletalgrains第4题Thecarbonatemineralsconsistofthreegroups，includingACalcitegroupBDolomitegroupCSideritegroupDAragonitegroup正确答案：ABD第5题Theancientcarbonaterockprimarilyconsistsof

ACalciteBSideriteCDolomiteDAragonite正确答案：AC第6题ThecompositionoflimestonescanbebroadlycategorizedintofourgroupsAnon-skeletalgrainsBskeletalgrainsCmicrite/limemudDmatrixEcementFPores正确答案：ABCE第7题Peloidsisacoatedcarbonategrainsthatcontainanucleusandmanylayersorcoatings6.4.3Assignments第1题Coalisformedfromthefossilizedremainsofplantmaterial,whereaslimestoneisformedwithcalciumcarbonate.6.5.2Assignments第1题Angularityofclastsindicatesthedegreetowhichgrainshavesmoothorangularcornersandedges7.1.2Assignments第1题Sedimentaryfaciesisassameassedimentaryenvironment第2题Sedimentarystructureisanimportantfaciesindicator7.2.2Assignments第1题Alluvialfanalwaysformednearthemountain第2题AlluvialfanscanbedividedintothreepartsAProximalfanBMidfanCFrontfanDDistalfan正确答案：ABD第3题Fromproximalfantodistalfan,thegrainsize

AarethesameBbecomecoarserCbecomefiner7.3.2Assignments第1题Accordingtochannelform,rivercanbedividedinto

AMeanderingriverBmutlipleriverCBraidedriverDAnastomosingriver正确答案：ACD第2题Mudcrackandraindropsoftendevelopein

APointbarBNaturalleveeCCrevassesplayDChannelfloor7.4.2Assignments第1题LakeBaikalisatectoniclake第2题Lakescoverabout

___ofEarth’ssurface.A1-2%B2-3%C3-4%D4-5%第3题Openlakeshavefluctuatingshorelineswithoutaconsistentoutflow;theirinflowiscommonlyexceededbyevaporationandinfiltration.第4题Openlakeswithhighclasticsedimentsupplyaredominatedby_____ACarbonatedepositsBSiliciclastic

depositsCgypsumdepositsDHalitedeposits第5题Inhydrologicallyclosedlakes,____canbedopositedduetohighratesofevaporation.ACarbonateBGypsumCSandstoneDHalite正确答案：ABD7.5.2Assignments第1题Mississippiriverdeltaisatypicalexampleof

Atide-dominateddeltaBriver-dominaateddeltaCwave-dominateddeltaDocean-dominateddelta第2题Deltacanbeclassifiedonthebasisofdelta-frontregime(Galloway,1975)AFluvial(River)-domonatedBTide-dominatedCocean-domonatedDWave-dominated正确答案：ABD7.6.2Assignments第1题Pebblesandboulderscannotbedepositedinbeaches第2题ThebeachenvironmentcanbedividedintoAbackshoreBforeshoreCfrontshoreDshoreface正确答案：ABD第3题Windalsoplaysaroleinredistributingsedimentonbeaches第4题Thecompositionofsedimentvariesfrombeachtobeach,itdependson

ATransportdistanceBsandssizeCwaveenergyDsandssources7.7.2Assignments第1题Reefcangrowinthecoldwater8.1.2Assignments第1题Inwhattypesofrocksdofossilsform?AGraniteBBasaltCMudstoneDCarbonate正确答案：CD8.2.2Assignments第1题Tribioliteisstillaliveinmodernocean9.1.2Assignments第1题Tectonicmovementcanbedividedintotwopatterns:AVericalmovementBhorizontalmovementClaterialmovementDuploadmovement正确答案：AB第2题Verticalmovementreferscrustgoesupanddownthatoccursperpendiculartotheearthsurface.

第3题HorizontalmovementALarge-scalehorizontaldisplacementofgeologicbodyBIntensiveextrusionofcrustalmaterialsCExtensivedevelopmentoflinearfoldandthrustedorogenicbeltDExtensionresultedingrabenorriftsystems正确答案：ABCD第4题Thetypicalexpansionoccursinthemid-oceanridge9.2.2Assignments第1题

Weusegeologiccompasstomeasureattitudeofthestratumincluding

AstrikeBdipCdipangleDstrikeangle正确答案：ABC第2题Disconformitiesformwhererockswereeitherfoldedortiltedbyfaultingbeforebeingupliftedanderoded9.3.2Assignments第1题ThebasicgeometricelementsofafoldincludeAhingeBlimbsCaxialsurfaceDhanging-wallblock正确答案：ABC第2题Foldscanbedividedintoanticline,synclineandmonocline.9.4.2Assignments第1题Accordingtothedifferentmovementdirectionofhanging-wallblockandfootwallblock,Wecandistinguishseveraltypesoffaults:

ADip-slipfaultsBStrike-slipfaultsCOblique-slipfaults正确答案：ABC第2题youcansaythatitisaright-lateralstrike-slipfaultIftheblockonthefarsideslippedtoyourlefthand10.1.2Assignment