研究生入学考试英语全国统考笔试题库及参考答案

研究生入学考试英语全国统考笔试题库及参考答案考试时长：120分钟满分：100分班级：__________姓名：__________学号：__________得分：__________试卷名称：研究生入学考试英语全国统考笔试题库及参考答案考核对象：报考全国硕士研究生统一招生考试的英语（一）考生题型分值分布：-判断题（总共10题，每题2分）总分20分-单选题（总共10题，每题2分）总分20分-多选题（总共10题，每题2分）总分20分-案例分析（总共3题，每题6分）总分18分-论述题（总共2题，每题11分）总分22分总分：100分一、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassivevoiceshouldalwaysbeavoidedinacademicwriting.2.Itisacceptabletousecontractionsinformalessays.3.Theword"affect"isaverb,while"effect"isanoun.4.Punctuationmarkslikecommasandsemicolonsarenotnecessaryinshortsentences.5.Whencitingasource,theauthor'slastnamemustbementionedfirst.6.Theuseofthefirstperson("I"or"we")isdiscouragedinscientificpapers.7.Tensesshouldremainconsistentthroughoutanessayunlessthereisaspecificreasonforchangingthem.8.Theword"there"isoftenunnecessarywhenreferringtoanunknownlocation.9.Jargonisalwaysinappropriateinprofessionalcommunication.10.Proofreadingisanoptionalstepbeforesubmittinganessay.二、单选题（每题2分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingisacommongrammaticalerrorinacademicwriting?A.ImproperuseofarticlesB.CorrectverbtenseusageC.OveruseofadverbsD.Propercapitalizationofnames2.Whatistheprimarypurposeofathesisstatement?A.TosummarizetheentireessayB.TointroducethemainargumentC.ToprovidesupportingevidenceD.Toconcludethediscussion3.Whichtenseismostcommonlyusedinscientificresearchpapers?A.PresentcontinuousB.PastsimpleC.PresentperfectD.Futuretense4.HowshouldyouciteabookinAPAformat?A.Author,A.A.(Year).Titleofbook.Publisher.B.Titleofbook,Author,A.A.(Year).Publisher.C.Author,A.A.(Year).Titleofbook.Publisher.D.Publisher,Author,A.A.(Year).Titleofbook.5.Whatisthedifferencebetweenacommaspliceandarun-onsentence?A.Acommaspliceusesacommawhereasemicolonisneeded.B.Arun-onsentencehastwoindependentclauseswithoutproperpunctuation.C.Acommasplicehasacommaattheendofasentence.D.Arun-onsentenceusestoomanycommas.6.Whichofthefollowingisastrongtopicsentence?A."Theweatherisnicetoday."B."Manystudieshaveshownthatexerciseimprovesmentalhealth."C."Ithinkthatexerciseisgoodforhealth."D."Peopleshouldexercisemore."7.Whatisthepurposeofanabstractinaresearchpaper?A.ToprovidedetailedmethodologyB.TosummarizethemainfindingsC.Tointroducetheauthor'sbackgroundD.Tocritiqueexistingliterature8.Whichpunctuationmarkisusedtoseparateitemsinalist?A.ColonB.SemicolonC.CommaD.Period9.WhatisthecorrectwaytowriteadateinAmericanEnglish?A.15thofApril,2023B.April15,2023C.2023,April15thD.15April202310.Whichofthefollowingisacommonmistakeinformalwriting?A.UsingactivevoiceB.OverusingpassivevoiceC.StartingasentencewithadependentclauseD.Properlyusingsemicolons三、多选题（每题2分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingarecommontypesofacademicwriting?A.ResearchpapersB.BusinessreportsC.PersonalessaysD.ThesesE.Novels2.Whatshouldyouincludeinanintroduction?A.BackgroundinformationB.ThesisstatementC.SupportingevidenceD.PersonalanecdotesE.Concludingremarks3.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesoftransitionalwords?A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.MoreoverD.BecauseE.Also4.Whatisthepurposeofaconclusion?A.TosummarizethemainpointsB.TointroducenewevidenceC.TorestatethethesisD.ToprovideacalltoactionE.Toapologizeformistakes5.Whichofthefollowingarecommongrammaticalerrorsinacademicwriting?A.Subject-verbagreementerrorsB.IncorrectuseofarticlesC.OveruseofadjectivesD.ImproperpunctuationE.Correctcapitalization6.Whatshouldyoudobeforesubmittinganessay?A.ProofreadforgrammarandspellingB.AskafriendtoreaditC.AddmorewordstomeetthewordcountD.RemoveanyunnecessaryinformationE.Ignoreminortypos7.Whichofthefollowingarepartsofaresearchpaper?A.AbstractB.IntroductionC.MethodologyD.ResultsE.Fictionalcharacters8.Whatisthedifferencebetweenaprimarysourceandasecondarysource?A.Primarysourcesareoriginalworks.B.Secondarysourcesareinterpretationsofprimarysources.C.Primarysourcesarealwaysfictional.D.Secondarysourcesarealwaystrue.E.Primarysourcesarewrittenbytheauthorthemselves.9.Whichofthefollowingarecommonmistakesinformalwriting?A.UsingcontractionsB.Startingsentenceswith"Ithink"C.UsingactivevoiceD.OverusingpassivevoiceE.Properlyusingcommas10.Whatshouldyoudoifyouareunsureaboutacitation?A.LookitupinastyleguideB.AskaprofessorforhelpC.GuesstheformatD.IgnoreitE.Useacitationgeneratorwithoutchecking四、案例分析（每题6分，共18分）1.CaseStudy1Astudentwrotethefollowingsentenceinaresearchpaper:"Theexperimentwasconductedtodeterminetheeffectoftemperatureonplantgrowth."Isthissentenceappropriateforacademicwriting?Whyorwhynot?Providearevisedversionifnecessary.AnswerThesentenceisnotentirelyappropriateforacademicwritingbecauseitusespassivevoice,whichcanmakethewritinglessdirectandengaging.Arevisedversioncouldbe:"Thisexperimentaimedtodeterminetheeffectoftemperatureonplantgrowth."Thisversionusesactivevoice,whichisgenerallypreferredinacademicwritingforclarityandconciseness.2.CaseStudy2AstudentneedstociteajournalarticleinAPAformat.ThearticlewaswrittenbySmith,J.(2020).Thetitleofthearticleis"TheImpactofClimateChangeonCoastalCities."ItwaspublishedintheJournalofEnvironmentalStudies,Volume45,Issue2,pages123-145.Howshouldthestudentcitethisarticle?AnswerThestudentshouldcitethearticleasfollows:Smith,J.(2020).Theimpactofclimatechangeoncoastalcities.JournalofEnvironmentalStudies,45(2),123-145.Notethatthetitleofthearticleshouldbeinsentencecase(onlythefirstwordandpropernounsarecapitalized),andthejournalnameshouldbeinitalics.3.CaseStudy3Astudentwrotethefollowingtopicsentenceforanessay:"Inthisessay,Iwilldiscussthebenefitsofexerciseformentalhealth."Isthisastrongtopicsentence?Whyorwhynot?Providearevisedversionifnecessary.AnswerThisisnotastrongtopicsentencebecauseitistoovagueanddoesnotclearlystatethemainargument.Arevisedversioncouldbe:"Regularexercisehasbeenshowntosignificantlyimprovementalhealthbyreducingstressandenhancingmood."Thisversionismorespecificandclearlystatesthemainargumentoftheessay.五、论述题（每题11分，共22分）1.Discusstheimportanceofpropercitationinacademicwriting.Provideexamplesofhowincorrectcitationcanleadtoseriousconsequences.AnswerPropercitationiscrucialinacademicwritingforseveralreasons:-AvoidingPlagiarism:Citationgivescredittotheoriginalauthors,ensuringacademicintegrity.-BuildingCredibility:Usingcrediblesourcesenhancesthevalidityoftheresearch.-AllowingVerification:Readerscanverifytheinformationbyconsultingthecitedsources.Examplesofconsequencesofincorrectcitationinclude:-AcademicPenalties:Studentsmayfacefailinggradesorevenexpulsion.-ReputationalDamage:Researchersmaylosecredibilityintheirfield.-LegalIssues:Insomecases,plagiarismcanleadtolegalaction.2.Explaintheroleoftransitionsinacademicwriting.Provideexamplesofhowtransitionscanimprovetheclarityandflowofanessay.AnswerTransitionsplayavitalroleinacademicwritingby:-ConnectingIdeas:Theyhelplinksentencesandparagraphs,creatingalogicalflow.-GuidingtheReader:Theysignaltherelationshipbetweenideas,makingtheessayeasiertofollow.-EnhancingCohesion:Theyensurethattheessayiswell-organizedandcoherent.Examplesoftransitionsinclude:-Addition:"Furthermore,""Inaddition,""Moreover"-Contrast:"However,""Ontheotherhand,""Despitethis"-CauseandEffect:"Therefore,""Consequently,""Asaresult"Usingtransitionseffectivelycansignificantlyimprovetheclarityandreadabilityofanessay.Forinstance,insteadofsimplystatingtwoideasoneaftertheother,atransitioncanexplicitlyshowhowtheyrelatetoeachother.标准答案及解析一、判断题1.×(Thepassivevoicecanbeappropriateinsomeacademiccontexts.)2.×(Contractionsaregenerallydiscouragedinformalessays.)3.√4.×(Punctuationisessentialforclarity.)5.√6.√7.√8.√9.×(Jargoncanbeappropriateiftheaudienceisfamiliarwithit.)10.×(Proofreadingisacriticalstepinacademicwriting.)二、单选题1.A2.B3.C4.A5.B6.B7.B8.C9.B10.B三、多选题1.A,B,D2.A,B,C3.A,B,C,D,E4.A,C,D5.A,B,D6.A,B,D7.A,B,C,D8.A,B9.A,B,D10.A,B四、案例分析1.CaseStudy1-Answer:Thesentenceisnotentirelyappropriateforacademicwritingbecauseitusespassivevoice,whichcanmakethewritinglessdirectandengaging.Arevisedversioncouldbe:"Thisexperimentaimedtodeterminetheeffectoftemperatureonplantgrowth."Thisversionusesactivevoice,whichisgenerallypreferredinacademicwritingforclarityandconciseness.2.CaseStudy2-Answer:Thestudentshouldcitethearticleasfollows:Smith,J.(2020).Theimpactofclimatechangeoncoastalcities.JournalofEnvironmentalStudies,45(2),123-145.Notethatthetitleofthearticleshouldbeinsentencecase(onlythefirstwordandpropernounsarecapitalized),andthejournalnameshouldbeinitalics.3.CaseStudy3-Answer:Thisisnotastrongtopicsentencebecauseitistoovagueanddoesnotclearlystatethemainargument.Arevisedversioncouldbe:"Regularexercisehasbeenshowntosignificantlyimprovementalhealthbyreducingstressandenhancingmood."Thisversionismorespecificandclearlystatesthemainargumentoftheessay.五、论述题1.Discusstheimportanceofpropercitationinacademicwriting.Provideexamplesofhowincorrectcitationcanleadtoseriousconsequences.-Answer:Propercitationiscrucialinacademicwritingforseveralreasons:-AvoidingPlagiarism:Citationgivescredittotheoriginalauthors,ensuringacademicintegrity.-BuildingCredibility:Usingcrediblesourcesenhancesthevalidityoftheresearch.-AllowingVerification:Readerscanverifytheinformationbyconsultingthecite