2025-2026学年河南省高三上学期一模英语试题

2025-2026学年河南省高三上学期一模英语试题注意事项：1.答题前，务必将自己的个人信息填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inanoffice.B.Inarestaurant.C.Onabus.2.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Tomakealist.B.Toofferadvice.C.Toaskforhelp.3.WhatdoesthewomanthinkoftheTVseries?A.Disappointing.B.Interesting.C.Encouraging.4.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Bookaticketimmediately.B.Tryanewmovietheater.C.Seeacomedyinstead.5.WhydidPetergotothehospital?A.Tovisitafriend.B.Tohaveacheckup.C.Tolookafterhisfather.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Acartrip.B.Atrafficsurvey.C.Carpassengersafety.7.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Theman’sbrotherhadajeep.B.Thewomanhadacaraccident.C.Theman’sfrienddiedinanaccident.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Howistheweather?A.Sunny.B.Windy.C.Cloudy.9.Whatcanwelearnabouttheman?A.Herunsashopnearby.B.Helikestakingadventures.C.Heknowslittleaboutthepark.10.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Drinksomecoffee.B.Findaninterestingbook.C.Walkaroundthepark.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whydoesthewomancometotheshop?A.Tobuysomesportswear.B.Toexchangeapairofshoes.C.Tomakeacomplaint.12.Wholikesthesportsshoesverymuch?A.Thewoman’syoungersister.B.Thewoman’selderbrother.C.Thewoman’scousin.13.Whatistheman’ssuggestioniftheshoesdon’tfit?A.Givinghimacall.B.Gettingthemoneyback.C.Bringingthembackwithinaweek.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Schoolmates.B.Neighbors.C.Teacherandstudent.15.WhatdoesthewomansayaboutProfessorSanford?A.Knowledgeablebutcareless.B.Strictbutopen-minded.C.Helpfulbutunreasonable.16.WhatdidthewomandislikeaboutherEnglishclass?A.Theexams.B.Thereadingtask.C.Thetimearrangement.17.Whatwasthewomaninterestedin?A.Culturalcomparison.B.Classicalliterature.C.Literaturewriting.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutMichigan?A.Itlosespowerfrequently.B.Itiswarminwinter.C.Itoftenseessnowstorms.19HowdidthespeakermanagetokeepwarmontheSaturdaynight?A.Bylightingthefireplace.B.Bywearingmoreclothes.C.Byusingblankets.20.Whathappenedtothespeaker’spipes?A.Theyjustbroke.B.Theywerereplaced.C.Theygotfrozen.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ANow,we’velaunchedanewmajormagazinerecyclingefforttopromotesustainability:Magazinesbeyondwhat’scurrentlyneededbytheprogramsweservearesenttoapaperfactorytoberecycledintonewmagazines.Thisrecyclingeffortnotonlykeepstonsofmaterialsoutoflandfills(垃圾填埋场),butitalsogeneratesfundstodeliverotherdonatedmagazinestochildrenwhohavelimitedaccesstoreadingmaterialsinpoverty-strickenareas.Everysinglemagazineanddollarraisedbyourrecyclingprogrambringsusclosertoourgoalofchangingsomanylivespositively.WhattodonateYoucandonateanymagazinesnomatterwhatageorcondition.Themagazinesthatyoudonateforustodelivertonewreadersshouldbegentlyreadmagazineswithnocut,tornoruntidycoversorpagesandnowaterdamage.PrivacyconsiderationsYoucanmarkoutyourmailinginformationwithablackpermanentmarker,orwewilldothattoprotectyourprivacy.Thenwecoverthespotwithacleanopaque(不透明的)whitelabelfordeliverytoanewreader.DeliveryExceptforacoupleoflocationswherewehavelocalteams(Madison,Wisconsin,andColumbus,Ohio),wecanonlyreceiveyourmagazineandcomicbookdonationsifyoumailthemtous.Magazinedonorscovertheirownpostagecosts.TightlypackedU.S.PostalServiceflatratemediumboxesarethemostcost-effectivewaytosendyourmagazines.TheboxesareavailableatnocostfromyourlocalpostofficeoronlinefromthePostalServicewebsiteandcanbeshippedforabout$18postage.Aboxofreadingmaterialswillserve25ormorereaders.1.Whowillbenefitfromthecampaign?A.Poorchildren. B.Magazinepublishers.C.Landfillowners. D.Loyalsubscribers.2.Whatisarequirementforthedonatedmagazinesfornewreaders?A.Theyfallunderthesameclassification.B.Theyareillustratedhardcovermagazines.C.Theyareinrelativelygoodcondition.D.Theycontainspecificmailinginformation.3.Whatarethedonorssupposedtodoaccordingtothetext?A.ContactU.S.PostalServicebyphone.B.Mailthemagazinesattheirownexpense.C.Deliverthemagazinestothenearestpostoffice.D.Pay$25foreachboxofmagazinestobemailed.BWhen8-year-oldHugoDeansdiscoveredahandfulofgreenbean-sizedobjectslyingnearanantnestbeneathaloginhisbackyard,hethoughttheywereatypeofseed.Hisfather,AndrewDeans,professorofentomologyatPennState,however,knewimmediatelywhattheywere—oakgalls(橡瘿),orplantgrowthscausedbyinsects.Whathedidn’trealizerightawaywasthatthegallswerepartofacomplicatedrelationshipamongants,wasps(黄蜂)andoaktrees,thediscoveryofwhichwouldoverturnacenturyofknowledgeaboutplant-insectinteractions.Lookingback,Hugo,now10,said,“Ithoughttheywereseeds,anditreallyawakenedmycuriositybecauseIdidn’tknowantscollectedseeds.Ialwaysthoughtantswouldeatsmallpiecesoffoodandstuffaroundthehouse.Thenarealsenseofwondersetinwhenmydadtoldmetheyweregalls,becausemydadwascompletelyfascinated.Iwassurprisedthatantswouldcollectgalls—whywouldtheydothat?”AccordingtoAndrewDeans,whoisalsothedirectorofPennState’sFrostEntomologicalMuseum,manyplant-insectinteractionsarewelldocumented.Forexample,most“cynipid”waspspecieshavelongbeenknowntostimulateoaktreestoproduceprotectivegallsaroundtheirbabiestoensurethesafetyoftheirgrowth.Additionally,certainplants—includingbloodroot,awildflowernativetoNorthAmerica—produceeatableappendages(附加物)ontheirseedstoattractants,whichthendispersetheseedsbycarryingthembacktotheirnests.Thislatterexampleisreferredtoas“myrmecochory”,orseeddispersalbyants.“Inmyrmecochory,antsgetalittlebitofnutritionwhentheyeattheappendages,andtheplantsgettheirseedstoenteranewspace,”Andrewexplained.“Itwasfirstdocumentedover100yearsagoandiscommonlytaughttobiologystudentsasanexampleofaplant-insectinteraction.”4.What’sthesignificanceoflittleHugo’sdiscovery?A.Itrevealedanunknownantspecies.B.Itreshapedalong-standingconcept.C.Itencouragedplant-insectinteractions.D.Ithelpedtoprotectendangeredspecies.5.HowdidHugofeelwhenheinitiallyfoundtheoakgalls?A.Amazed. B.Confident.C.Regretful. D.Uninterested.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disperse”meaninparagraph3?A.Compare. B.Examine.C.Protect. D.Spread.7.WhatdoesAndrewseemtoimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Thephenomenonisnothingnew.B.It’shardforantstofindasafespace.C.Appendagesarekeytoantspecies’survival.D.Biologystudentsdependondocumentsforfindings.CHowdowereallytalkfluentlywitheachother?Well,humanlanguagesseemtobeshapedbyacoupleofunderlyingprinciplesthathelpsimplifycommunication.Thehaphazardness(随意性)ofthesignalisthefirstprinciple.Thisconcept,firstestablishedbyDeSaussure,alinguistfromSwitzerland,relatestohowwepairsoundswithmeanings.Forinstance,thesound“dog”doesn’trefertoadoginitself;itdoesn’tbarklikeadog,nordoesitwalklikeadog.Thiswordhasnointrinsic(固有的)“dogness”,yetitholdsitsmeaning.Whyisthat?BecauseeveryEnglishspeakerhaslearnedtomakethesameconnectionbetweenthesound“dog”andtheanimalthroughrepeatedmemorizationanduse.Thehaphazardnessofthesignalhasbeenamassiveadvantageforspeechcommunitiesbecauseitenablesthemtocommunicateconceptsimmediatelywithouthavingtoexplainwhyaspecificsoundcorrespondstoaparticularmeaning.Theotherprinciplehasbeenthatlanguagescreateaninfinite(无限的)numberofexpressionsfromalimitedsetofelements.InLayman’swords,wepossessalimitedgroupofvocabularythatwemaymixandmatchtoformunlimitednumberoflargerstructures,suchassentences.Wegeneratetheseunlimitedpossiblecombinationsbyfollowingrulesthatgovernhowwordsarecombined.Forinstance,isthereadistinctionbetween“thedogbitestheman”and“themanbitesthedog”?Asidefromoneofthembeingadisastrousdailyincidenceandthesecondonebeingattention-grabbing,thedifferenceisinthebasicgrammarthatguidessense.Eachofthewordsin“thedogbitestheman”possessesaspecificsensethatdoesnotrelyonthefullphrase.Grammarhasbeenthethingthatletsusstructurethatvocabularyinparticularmixturestoremindpeopleofparticularmeaningsandimages.Thereisafinitenumberofwords;however,grammaroffersusaninfinitenumberofwaystocombinethem.8.Whatcanwelearnaboutthe“haphazardnessofthesignal”?A.Itensuresthefluencyofspeech.B.Itmakeslanguageseasiertolearn.C.Itmayresultinmisunderstanding.D.Itspeedsupconceptcommunication.9.WhydoestheauthorquoteLayman’swordsinparagraph4?A.Tocriticiseanout-datedtheory. B.Toclarifyanabstractconcept.C.Tointroduceanewtopic. D.Toprovideareal-lifeexample.10.Whatdoestheexample“thedogbitestheman”show?A.Minimalwordscanexpressdeepmeaning.B.Alesscommoneventcanchallengepeople’sbelief.C.Grammarshapesmeaningthroughtheorganizationofwords.D.Meaningdeterminesthequantityofwordsusedindailyspeech.11.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.Therulesgoverningwordformation.B.Thecomplexityofdailycommunication.C.Thedevelopmentofgrammaticalstructure.D.Theprinciplesoflanguagecommunication.DPsychologistshavestudiedtheinteractionbetweenhumanandtechnologyfordecades.Anewlineofresearchnowseekstounderstandhowpeopleincludingchildren,interactwithchatbotsandothervirtualagents.“Littlekidslearnfromcharacters,andourtoolsofeducationalreadyrelyontheparasocial(准社会)relationshipsthattheyform,”saidDavidBickham,PhD,ahealthcommunicationresearcherbasedatBostonChildren’sHospital.“HowarekidsformingarelationshipwiththeseAItools,whatdoesthatlooklike,andhowmightthatimpacttheabilityofAItoteach?”Inaseriesofstudies,RandiWilliams,aprogrammanagerattheAlgorithmicJusticeLeague,observedinteractionsbetweenyoungchildrenandrobots.Williamsandhercolleaguesfoundthatchildrenassociatedamorehuman-soundingandexpressivevoiceinagentswithhigherfriendlinessandintelligence.Amongteenagers,theuseofgenerativeAIisalreadywidespread.For70percentwhoreportedusingatleastonesuchtoolina2024CommonSenseMediasurveyof1,045teenagersaged13to18,after-schoolassignmentswerethemostcommonreason.AbouthalfofthosewhousedgenerativeAIforschoolworkdidsowithpermissionfromateacher.AsimilarnumbercheckedthevalidityofgenerativeAIoutputsusingoutsidesources,suggestingthatmanystudentsareawareofthefallibility(出错性)ofsuchtools.“Teenshavequiteacomplicatedandnuanced(微妙的)viewofAI,”saidBeckTench,aninformationscientistattheCenterforDigitalThriving.“Theyreportthattheyfeelconflicted,andarehavingjustasmanyexcitementsandconcernsaswedoasadults,includingworriesaboutmisinformation,awarenessthatitwillchangetheirworkprospects,andenthusiasmaboutitspotentialtoadvancescience,creativity,andhumanity.”Therearemanyquestionsthatremain,includinghowtostudyandpromotethechildren-AIrelationshipsthatsafeguardchildren’ssecurityandpersonaldata—issuesthatresearchersneedtoaddress.TheCenterforDigitalThrivingoffersguidelinesfortalkingtotheyouthaboutgenerativeAI,includingaskingchildrenwhethertheyhaveeverheardaboutAIgettingsomethingwrong.12.WhatdidRandiWilliamsfindoutintheirresearch?A.Childrenpreferredhumanlikerobots.B.Childrenthoughtrobotswiserthanthemselves.C.Childrenweredoubtfulaboutwhattherobotspresented.D.Childreninteractingwithrobotstendedtobemorefriendly.13.InwhichfielddoesgenerativeAIhelpteenagersmostnowadays?A.Creativeprojects. B.Sciencelearning.C.Homework. D.Entertainment.14.Whatisteenagers’generalattitudetowardAIaccordingtoBeckTench?A.Appreciative. B.Unclear.C.Dismissive. D.Mixed.15.Whatisaconcernregardingchildren’srelationshipswithAI?A.Itwillmakethemlesssocial.B.Itmightraisesafetyandprivacyissues.C.Itcouldaffecttheiracademicperformance.D.Itmaylimittheirabilitytohandlechallenges.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Empathy(共情),theabilitytounderstandandsharethefeelingsofanother,isoftendescribedasthefoundationofmeaningfulcommunication.____16____Empathyrequiressteppingintoanother’sshoes,recognizingtheiremotions,andrespondinginawaythatacceptstheirexperience.Thisdifferencemattersbecauseempathystrengthensconnection,whilesympathycansometimescreatedistance.Aparentwhoacknowledgesachild’sfrustration(Iseeyou’reupsetbecauseyourtoybroke)ratherthandismissit(It’sjustatoy)helpsthechildfeelheard,enhancingtrust.Similarly,infriendships,empathizingwithafriend’sanxietyaboutatest(Thatsoundsreallystressful)buildsdeeperbondsthanofferingquicksolutions(You’lldofine).____17________18____Managerswhopracticeempatheticcommunicationarebetteratmotivatingteams.Forexample,insteadofsimplyassigningatightdeadline,amanagermightsay,“IknowthisprojectwillrequireextrahoursandIappreciatehowhardyou’vebeenworking—let’sdiscusshowwecansupporteachothertogetitdone.”____19____Colleagueswhoempathizewithoneanother’sworkloadsarealsomorelikelytoofferhelp,creatingasupportiveworkplaceculture.Empathystartswithactivelistening—payingattentiontobothwordsandnonverbalcues.Italsoinvolvesaskingopen-endedquestions(Howdidthatmakeyoufeel?)toencourageotherstosharemore,ratherthanjumpingtoconclusions.____20____Inaworldoftendividedbydifferingopinions,itoffersabridge—remindingusthatbehindeveryargument,everyfrustration,everyjoy,thereisahumanexperienceworthunderstanding.A.Inprofessionalsettings,empathyisofequalimportance.B.Thisapproachreducesdissatisfactionandencouragescooperation.C.Itgoesbeyondsympathy,whichinvolvesfeelingsorryforsomeone.D.Overtime,thesehabitsbecomesecondnature,makingbondsstronger.E.Bycontrast,sympathyencouragespeopletosolveothers’problemsdirectly.F.Thesemomentsofrecognitionletothersknowtheyarenotaloneintheirfeelings.G.Withoutenoughpractice,eventhestrongestempathyskillswillgraduallydisappear.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。JasonJoel’slifestoryisnotjustaboutrunning.Asatwo-timecancersurvivor,Jasonhastransformedpersonalhealth____21____intostoriesforinspiration.Hisjourneybegan____22____.DespitethefactthatJasonfelt____23____whilepreparingforanewjobheexperiencedaseizure(突然发作)—amomentthatwould____24____everything.Withinoneweek,heunderwentbrainsurgery,markingthebeginningofanintense16-monthtreatmentjourneythatwould____25____hisphysicalandmentalboundaries.“TheytoldmeIwouldn’twalkoutofthehospital,”Jasonrecalls,“butI____26____toleaveintwodays.”Thisbecamethecornerstoneofhis____27____.Despiteundergoingextensivetreatment,Jasonrefusedtoremain____28____.HewouldrunsixtoeightmileseverydayaroundZorinskyLakeinOmaha,Nebraska,turningeachstepintothe____29____tohisdiagnosis(诊断).Remarkably,Jason’sconnectiontorunningwas____30____becauseofhiscancerexperiences.Afterhisfirstcancerdiagnosis—metastaticthyroidcancer—hebeganrunningagain.Whenhewasfacedwiththebraintumordiagnosis,runningbecamemorethanahobby;itbecamea____31____.Whilestillinhospital,Jasonbravelyexpressedhis____32____bysigningupforamarathon.Hecompletedtherace,____33____thatlimitationsareoftenjustperceptions(感知).Aftertherace,heshares____34____postsonsocialmedia,transforminghisexperiencesintomotivationalstories.“It’snotjustan____35____,”Jasonexplains.“It’sanaccomplishment,aself-reflection,somethingbeyondjustrunning.”21.A.signals B.records C.needs D.challenges22.A.effortlessly B.smoothly C.irregularly D.unexpectedly23.A.nervous B.emotional C.healthy D.confident24.A.change B.balance C.delay D.consume25.A.test B.mark C.remove D.fix26.A.happened B.managed C.agreed D.hesitated27.A.innovation B.promotion C.recovery D.search28.A.speechless B.lonely C.faithful D.motionless29.A.witness B.approach C.resistance D.commitment30.A.replaced B.deepened C.followed D.explored31.A.defence B.necessity C.match D.responsibility32.A.hope B.trust C.dependence D.innocence33.A.predicting B.warning C.admitting D.proving34.A.reflective B.average C.extra D.humorous35.A.experiment B.event C.occasion D.appointment第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。GulangyuIsland,oftencalledthe“PianoIsland”,isfamousforitsrichmusicalheritage.Theisland’sculturaldiversity____36____(create)alivelymusicsceneforoveracentury.AttheheartofthistraditionstandsGulangyuMusicHall,____37____attractiveplacededicatedtopreservingandpromotingclassicalmusic.Builtduringtheearly20thcentury,themusichallreflectsGulangyu’shistoricroleasaculturalcrossroads,____38____EastmeetsWestinharmony.Thehall’selegantarchitectureandmusicmakeitapopularsite,allowingmusiclovers____39____(appreciate)liveconcerts.OneofthemostcharmingfeaturesofGulangyuMusicHallisitscommitmenttofree____40____(week)concertsfeaturingpianoandviolin.Visitorscanenjoyavarietyofclassicalpieces,performedbytalentedlocaland____41____(visit)musicians,withoutanyadmissionfee.Themusichall,____42____(supply)withhistoricarchitecture,offersanimmersive(沉浸的)environment,soaudiencescanconnectdeeplywithmusic.AttendingaconcertatGulangyuMusicHallismorethanjustenjoyingmusic;it’saboutexperiencingalivingtradition.TheperformancesoftenincludeclassicalmasterpiecesfromcomposerslikeChopin,Beethoven,andBach,alongsideChinese____43____(composition)thatreflectlocalheritage.VisitorsoftendescribeattendingconcertsatGulangyuMusicHall____44____amagicalandmemorableexperience.The_____45_____(integrate)ofsuperbmusic,comfortablesetting,andhistoricatmosphereleavesalastingimpression.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，近期在你校英文报举办的以WinterWarmth:HiddeninCameraShots为主题的摄影比赛中获奖。请给你的留学生朋友Barry写封邮件，内容包括：1.分享获奖感受；2.介绍你的作品。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearBarry____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Thesunshonethroughtheclassroomwindows,makinggoldenspotsonthewoodendesks.ItwasanormalWednesdaymorning,andMrs.Coco’sChineseclasswasgoingonasusual.Thestudentssatstraightwiththeirtextbook