UnitGrammar课件译林版八年级英语下册

八年级下册Unit1

Pastandpresent

Grammar：PresentperfecttenseReviewQ:WhatchangeshaveyouseeninShenzhen?Shenzhen,acityin_________China,hasdevelopedfrom______________________into___________________.IthaswonanhonourfromUNESCOforbeingarolemodelin__________________..Shenzhenisthefirstcityintheworldtouse____________foralmostallitsbusesandtaxis.Ithasbecome_____________ofChina’sdevelopment.southernafishingvillageatophigh-techcityencouragingreadingamongthepublicgreenenergyasymbolReadandfindoutmoreaboutShenzhen’schanges.Q:Whattenseisusedinthesesentences?1.He’slivedtheresincehefinishedcollege.2.Transporthasalsoimprovedalot.Peoplecangetaroundthecityeasily.3.I’veonlybeenthereonce.Presentperfecttense现在完成时_________+_________have/hasdoneQ:Whattenseisusedinthesesentences?thepastparticiplesofverbsHe’slivedtheresincehefinishedcollege.自大学毕业以来，他就一直住在那里。Weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkabout:①anactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent;（从过去持续到现在的动作或状态）;presentpasthaslivedtherefinishedcollegeWhentousethepresentperfecttense

e.g.MrChenhaslivedinSunshineTownsince

hewasborn.e.g.陈先生自从出生就住在阳光镇。Transporthasalsoimprovedalot.交通也有了很大的改善。（言下之意：人们出行从而变得方便。）②

anactionthathappenedinthepastandhasaconnectionwiththe______________(past,present);（动作发生在过去但对现在有一定的影响）;present

presentpastpeoplecangetaroundthecityeasilyTransportimprovedWhentousethepresentperfecttense

e.g.Ihavelostmymobilephone.e.g.我的手机丢了。IhavebeentoBeijingmanytimes.我去过北京好多次了。③

howmanytimesanactionhashappenedupto______________(thepresent,somepointinthefuture).（表示某个动作从过去到现在发生的次数）thepresent

pastpresentWhentousethepresentperfecttense

e.g.Ihaveheardthesongmanytimes.e.g.我听过这首歌很多次了。FormthepastparticiplesofverbsRulesofformingthepastparticiplesofregularverbshave/has+donehave/has+doneRulesofformingthepastparticiplesofirregularverbsFormthepastparticiplesofverbshave/has+donehave/has+not+doneFormthesentencestructuresHave/Has+subject+done...?Yes,subject+have/has.No,subject+haven’t/hasn’t.FormthesentencestructuresHaveatryShehascleanedthekitchen.(改为否定句)She________cleanedthekitchen.2.TheyhavevisitedsomeinterestingplacesinChina.(改为一般疑问句)______they___________interestingplacesinChina?3.Theyhaveborrowedtenbooksfromthelibrary.(对划线部分提问)____________books______they_________fromthelibrary?hasn’tHavevisitedanyHowmanyhaveborrowedhaschangedhasturnedhasimprovedhavemovedbuilthaven’tvisitedTherearemanychangesinSunshineTown...haschangedhasturnedhasimprovedhavemovedbuilthaven’tvisitedQ:Whyshouldweusethepresentperfecttense?❀since+aspecifictime过去的时间点

e.g.Hehaslivedheresince2000.

+asentenceinthesimplepasttense从句(一般过去时)e.g.HehaslivedheresincehecametoBeijing.❀

for

+aperiodoftime一段时间

e.g.Hehaslivedherefor5years.Timeadverbials❀

over/inthe(past/last)years“在(过去的)这几年间”

e.g.Greatchanges__________(take)placeover/inthepasttenyears.havetakene.g.We____________(learn)manyEnglishsongssofar.havelearned❀

sofar,uptonow,until/tillnow“到目前为止”

❀already

“己经”用于肯定句

句中(助后实前)/句末e.g.I’vealreadyhadbreakfast.=I’vehadbreakfastalready.“还(没)”用于否定句

句末“己经”

用于疑问句

句末

Ihaven’thadbreakfastyet.Haveyouhadbreakfastyet?❀yet当在肯定陈述句中含有already时，在转换成否定句或疑问句时，要把句中的already去掉，在句末加上yet.I_______already

________(collect)somestamps.

havecollected否：I__________________anystamps______.haven’tcollectedyet疑：________you__________anystamps______?HavecollectedyetTimeadverbials❀already

“己经”用于肯定句

句中(助后实前)/句末e.g.I’vealreadyhadbreakfast.=I’vehadbreakfastalready.“还(没)”用于否定句

句末“己经”

用于疑问句

句末

Ihaven’thadbreakfastyet.Haveyouhadbreakfastyet?❀yet❀ever

“曾经”用于肯定句/一般疑问句

句中❀never

“从未”用于否定句

句中e.g.HaveyouevereatenBeijingDuck?e.g.Hehasnever

readthestory.—Haveyou______seenthemovie?—Yes,Ihave.never B.ever C.justD.yetTimeadverbialsTimeadverbials❀

just“刚刚”，常用于肯定句中e.g.Ihave

just

finished

lunch. 我刚吃过午饭。just→presentperfecttense

；justnow→simplepasttense—I’ve_____finishedtheEnglishhomework.Whataboutyou?

—Ifinishedit____too.justnow;just

B.just;just

C.justnow;justnow

D.

just;justnow❀recently

“最近”e.g.Ihavemetherrecently.❀before

“以前”句末

e.g.I’veseenitbefore.❀

timeadverbialsindicatingthenumberoftimes表示次数e.g.He_________(see)thefilm

twice.hasseenhaschangedhasturnedhasimprovedhavemovedbuilthaven’tvisitedQ:Whyshouldweusethesimplepasttense?

SimplepasttensePresentperfecttense构成时间状语语义侧重点didhave/has+doneyesterday,in1980,lastweek,…ago,justnow,theotherday等for,since,ever,never,just,yet,recently,before,次数,inthepastyears,overtheyears,sofar等表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。“重在过去”持续到现在的动作或状态；强调过去事情对现在的影响;到目前为止动作发生的次数。

“旨在当前”Q:What’sthedifferencebetweenpresentperfecttenseandsimplepasttense?foundhasworkedleftwenthasreturnedboughthavevisited指代前文提到的某个过去时间点之后，动作从该时间点开始持续或重复到现在。havelivedhavebeenhavefallenhavebeenHavenoticedareenjoy单数形式：therehasbeen+单数名词复数形式：therehavebeen+复数名词Whatarethechangesinyourhometown?HousingWeusedtoliveinsmallhouses,butmostfamilieshavemovedintonewbuildings.Whatarethechangesinyourhometown?CultureEnvironmentIndustryThequalityoflifeTransportPairworkA:Hi!Longtimenosee.Iheardyouwentbacktoyourhometownlastmonth.Howwasthevisit?B:Oh,it’samazing!_____________________________________________.A:Wow,that’sgreat.Myhometownhaschangedalottoo.___________________________________________________________________________.B:Really?____________________________________________________.A:That’scool.Inmyhometown,__________________________________.B:Timesreallyhavechanged.Ithinkourhometownswillbecomeevenbetterinthefuture.A:Iagree.Ican’twaittogobackduringtheholidaytoseemorechanges!PresentperfecttenseFormthepastparticiplesofverbsWhentousethepresentperfecttense

FormthesentencestructuresTimeadverbialshave/has+donehave/has+not+doneHave/Has+subject+done...?Yes,subject+have/has.N