2026年中考英语复习专题课件：谓语动词的时态和被动语态

第二篇语法突破方案句法(二)谓语动词的时态和被动语态语境悟语法考点跟踪练语境实战练课标考点导图课标考点导图语境悟语法考点一动词的各种形式1.动词原形、第三人称单数形式、现在分词1谓语动词的时态类别规则例词动词原形无任何词形变化be,learn,see第三人称单数形式一般在动词原形后加-srun→runs,like→likes以ch,sh,s,o,x结尾的动词后加-esteach→teaches,go→goes以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,先将y变为i,再加-esstudy→studies,carry→carries特殊变化

have→has现在分词一般在动词原形后加-ingread→reading,drink→drinking以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,去掉e,再加-inglive→living,write→writing以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写该辅音字母,再加-ingsit→sitting,shop→shopping以ie结尾的动词,先将ie变为y,再加-ingdie→dying,lie→lying语境悟语法2.动词的过去式及过去分词的构变化情况规则例词规则变化在动词原形后加-edwork→worked→worked以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,先将y变为i,再加-edcarry→carried→carried以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,直接加-dlive→lived→lived以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写该辅音字母,再加-edstop→stopped→stopped,plan→planned→planned不规则变化AAA型(即原形、过去式与过去分词均同形)cut→cut→cut,put→put→putABB型(即过去式与过去分词同形)think→thought→thoughtABC型(即原形、过去式与过去分词均不同形)do→did→done,go→went→goneABA型(即原形与过去分词同形)come→came→come,run→ran→run语境悟语法考点二一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时❘用法总结❘时态构成用法及标志词一般现在时①主语+动词原形/动词的三单形式(+其他)②主语+am/is/are+其他①表示经常的或习惯性的动作②表示客观事实或普遍真理③在时间/条件状语从句中,用一般现在时表将来[标志词:often,usually,sometimes,onceaweek等]一般过去时①主语+动词过去式(+其他)②主语+was/were+其他①表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态;表示过去反复发生的动作②在时间状语从句中,主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时[标志词:yesterday,lastyear,threeyearsago,in2020,justnow等]现在完成时主语+have/has+过去分词(+其他)①表示动作在说话之前已完成,并对现在有影响②表示动作开始于过去,持续到现在,并可能继续进行下去[标志词:ever,yet,never,already,recently,sofar,in/during/over+时间段,for和since引导的时间状语等]1.Todaymoreandmoreforeigners

(be)interestedinChinesefolkmusic.

2.Bettywillringmeupwhenshe

(reach)Shanghaitomorrow.

3.Thelittleboy

(sit)downandreadthebookaboutanimals.

4.(2025遂宁改编)Sofar,ourcountry

(make)greateffortsintheenvironmentalprotectionofrivers.

5.AuntGinahaslivedinthistownformorethansixtyyears,soshe

(know)itverywell.

语境悟语法arereaches❘语境体悟❘sathasmadeknows6.Klausreturnedeverydaythatweekand

(bring)morefriendseachtime.

7.—HaveyouevervisitedShenyangEXPOGarden?—Yes,I

(visit)itlastyear.

8.MyEnglish

(improve)alotsinceIusedmyteacher’s“ThreeStepsinLearningEnglish”advice.

语境悟语法broughtvisitedhasimproved语境悟语法考点三现在进行时、过去进行时、一般将来时❘用法总结❘时态构成用法及标志词现在进行时主语+am/is/are+现在分词(+其他)表示说话时刻或现阶段正在进行的动作[标志词:now,look,listen,thesedays,atthemoment等]过去进行时主语+was/were+现在分词(+其他)表示过去某一时刻、某一阶段正在进行的动作[标志词:atthatmoment,atthistimeyesterday,at…o’clockyesterdayevening等]一般将来时①主语+will/shall+动词原形(+其他)②主语+am/is/aregoingto+动词原形(+其他)①表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态②表示将来经常或反复发生的动作[标志词:tomorrow,nextweek,in+时间段,in2028等]语境悟语法【小贴士】短暂性动词与时间段连用或用于howlong提问的疑问句中时,要转换成对应的延续性动词,常见的短暂性动词及其转换如下:arrive→behere

begin/start→beon

die→bedead

leave→beaway

goout→beoutfinish/end→beover

getup→beup

puton→wear/bein

open→beopenjoin→bein/beamemberof

close→beclosed

borrow→keep

buy/get→havecatch(acold)→have(acold)

marry→bemarried

fallill/sick/asleep→beill/sick/asleep语境悟语法1.Takethemedicineandyourheadache

(disappear)soon.

2.—Couldyoupleasehelpmewithmymath?—Howabout20minuteslater?I

(work)onmyscienceprojectrightnow.

3.—It’stimetogo.Iseverybodyhere?—No,Helenisn’there.She

(arrive)inhalfanhour.

4.YesterdaywhenIgothomefromwork,mybrother

(go)outfordinner,soheinvitedmetojoinhim.

willdisappear❘语境体悟❘amworkingwillarrivewasgoing语境悟语法5.—Doyouknowwheremycamerais?—Oh,yoursister

(take)photoswithitnow.

6.Hecameacrossanunknownpoemwhilehe

(search)forsomethingelse.istakingwassearching语境悟语法2被动语态考点一被动语态的构成及用法❘用法总结❘1.被动语态的构成(以动词do为例):时态被动语态一般现在时am/is/are+done一般过去时was/were+done一般将来时will/shallbe+done或am/is/aregoingtobe+done含情态动词的情态动词+be+done语境悟语法2.使用被动语态的情况(1)需要强调或突出动作的承受者。(2)不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。RiceisgrowninthesouthofChina.水稻种植在中国南方。(3)动作的发出者是某个事物。语境悟语法3.主动语态变被动语态的方法【小贴士】有些感官动词/使役动词(如hear,see,watch,notice,make,have等)在主动语态中作谓语时,其后用省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,但变为被动语态时,必须将to还原。语境悟语法1.Thefirsttelephone

(invent)byAlexanderGrahamBellin1876.

2.—DoyouknowtheSpringFestivalbecameaUNfloatingholidayin2024?—Yes.TheSpringFestival

(celebrate)widelyintheworldnowadays.

3.Thefutureofeducation

(influence)greatlyasAItechnologiesdevelopquickly.

4.Ifthesciencefictionfilm

(translate)intoEnglish,itwillbepopulararoundtheworld.

5.(2025德阳改编)Abridge

(build)inmyhometownlastyear,makingiteasiertotravelaround.

wasinvented❘语境体悟❘iscelebratedwillbeinfluencedistranslatedwasbuilt语境悟语法6.TheteainYunnanissofamousthatit

(send)todifferentplacesacrosstheworldeveryday.

7.—Ihearthatyoutookpartinaforestclean-upactivitylastSunday.—Yes,it

(organize)byourschoolgreenclubtoprotectforests.

8.DuringtheTangDynasty,nearlyeverythingproducedintheworldcould

(find)onthestreetsofChang’an.

issentwasorganizedbefound语境悟语法考点二主动形式表被动意义❘用法总结❘1.look,smell,feel,taste,sound等系动词用主动形式表被动意义。2.“need/require+doing”意为“……需要被做”,表被动意义,相当于“need/require+tobedone”。Thedoorwasbrokenanditneededrepairing/toberepaired.门坏了,需要修理。3.“某物+write/open/sell等+其他”结构为主动形式,可表被动意义。ThetoyshopopenseverydayexceptMonday.这家玩具店除了周一每天都营业。语境悟语法1.Manypeoplewerebadlyhurtinthecaraccident.Someofthemneeded

(operate)onatonce.

2.—Howdoyoufindthiskindofpen?—It

(write)sowellthateveryoneinourclasshasgotone.

3.—Whatdoyouthinkofthepoem?—It’salittlebitlong,butanyway,it

(read)well.

operating/tobeoperated❘语境体悟❘writesreadsⅠ.用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。1.(2025安徽改编)—Therobots

(race)eachothertothefinishline.

—Howexciting!Ourrobotisgoingtowin.2.Itseemsthatfamiliesare

(spend)moreandmoretimetogether.

3.(2025黑龙江改编)WhenLiLeicameintotheroom,hisfriends

(prepare)forhisbirthdayparty.

4.Aftergoingthroughtensofthousandsoftries,Zhouandhisteam

(succeed)atlast.

5.I

(wash)thedisheswhilemysisterwassweepingthefloor.

考点跟踪练areracingspendingwerepreparingsucceededwaswashing6.(2025云南改编)ThefilmNeZha2isworthseeing.I

(see)itthreetimessofar.

7.Nowadays,somebestresearchreportsonphysics,biology,andmath

(write)inEnglish.

8.InChina,teenagershavetobe18yearsoldbeforethey

(allow)todriveacar.

9.(2025福建改编)Sincelastyear,ourschool

(offer)freebreakfaststostudentsinneed.

10.Theartistsare

(encourage)totellgoodChinesestoriesintheirfavoriteartforms.

考点跟踪练haveseenarewrittenareallowedhasofferedencouragedⅡ.从方框中选择恰当的词并用其适当形式填空。1.Itwasshethatstolethebox.Shewas

toeveryone!

2.Sofar,thegirl

5offersfromthetopuniversitiesintheworldlikeHarvardUniversityandUniversityofOxford.

3.(2025连云港改编)Aspeoplepaymoreandmoreattentiontoculturaltreasures,theindustryofancientbookrepairing

fastinChinanow.

4.(2024绥化改编)Hewillbemuchhealthierifhe

enoughexerciseinhisfreetime.

考点跟踪练lyinghasreceivedisdevelopinghelp

eat

take

ask

receive

lie

develop

create

clean

watertakes5.(2024福建改编)WhenIsawXiaoWangyesterday,he

anoldmancrosstheroad.

6.(2025广元改编)Alotofnewwords

everyyear.Forexample,“taikonaut”means“Chineseastronaut”.

7.(2024牡丹江改编)—Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat,Mr.Song?—No,thanks.I’mnothungry.I

somezongzialready.

8.(2024达州改编)—Bob,yourroomissodirty.Itmust

everyday.

—OK,Mom.I’lldoitrightnow.考点跟踪练washelpingarecreatedhaveeatenhelp

eat

take

ask

receive

lie

develop

create

clean

waterbecleaned9.(2025北京改编)—Peter,didyouplaytabletenniswithyourfriendsafterschoolyesterday?—No,Ididn’t.We

vegetablesinourschoolgarden.

10.(2024江西改编)Tedpreferredpopmusicwhenhe

abouthisfavoritemusicintheinterview.

考点跟踪练wateredwasaskedhelp

eat

take

ask

receive

lie

develop

create

clean

waterⅠ.用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。1.AcleverEnglishlearneroften

(guess)themeaningsofthenewwordswhenhereads.

2.WehadaschooltriplastmonthandI

(enjoy)everyminuteofit.

3.WhenMomcamehome,Danny

(play)thepianointhelivingroom.

4.Theyalsolookforwaystoreviewwhatthey

(learn).

5.TomorrowI’llvisitmygrandparents.I

(play)chesswithmygrandpa.

6.(2025扬州)Recently,moreandmorepeoplehave

(choose)tovisitYangzhouduringholidays.

语境实战练guessesenjoyedwasplayinghavelearned/learntwillplaychosen7.—Theplanforthesummerstudytripmay

(cancel).

—Really?I’mlookingforwardtoit.8.Thebook

(read)bymanypeopleandwaslovedforitsinterestingstory.

9.—Tom,hurryup!Thetrafficwillbebusysoonandwemaybelatefordinner.—Waitaminute,Mom.I

(tidy)mybookshelf,andI’llbereadyinaminute.

10.Mostoftherubbishinthistown

(recycle)everydaythroughtherainbowrecyclingsystem.

语境实战练becanceled/cancelledwasreadamtidyingisrecycled11.(2025乐山改编)—Timefordinner,mygirl.Pleasetellyourfatherthatdinnerisready.—Waitaminute,Mom.Mydad

(answer)aphonecall.

12.(2025扬州改编)DuringGuyu,thetemperatureusually

(rise)alotandrainincreases.

13.(2025天津改编)Themobilephone

(ring)whenIwasmakingacakewithmymother.

14.China’sBeijingLibrary

(regard)asthemostanticipatedpubliclibrarynowadays.

语境实战练isansweringrisesrangisregarded15.(2025连云港改编)Themini-programme“ClearPlate”ispopularamongyoungpeople.It

(design)tohelpdealwithfoodwaste.

语境实战练isdesignedⅡ.短文填空LyuLinyouisascientistwhohelpsprotecttheenvironmentinZhangwuCounty.

ZhangwuCounty1.

ontheedgeoftheHorqinSandyLand.Sandstormsandduststorms2.

abigprobleminthepast.Atonepoint,95%ofthecountywascoveredindesertland.

语境实战练sitsweresit

get

be

call

create

continue

know

learn

graduate

help

studyIn2004,LyuLinyou3.

fromcollegeandhewasonly24yearsoldthen.Theplacehestartedworkingwas4.

theProvincialInstitute(研究院)ofSandyLandUse.Hehasworkedthereformorethan20yearsuptonow.Nowadays,theinstituteis5.

astheSandControlandUsageResearchInstituteoftheLiaoningAcademyofAgriculturalSciences.

WhenLyuLinyoufirstcametothecounty,hedidn’tknowmuchabouthowtocontrolsand.Butwiththehelpofhiscolleagues(同事)andlocalfarmers,hequickly6.

howtodoit.

语境实战练graduatedcalledsit

get

be

call

create

continue

know

learn

graduate

help

studyknownlearned/learntInordertofindthebestgrassandherbs(草药)forhelpingthegrasslandsinZhangwuCountygrowback,Lyuhas7.

morethan400differentplantstillnow.Hetestedthemandfoundmorethan50plantsthatworkreallywell.Toourjoy,hisworkshowshowscience8.

protecttheearthandmakelifebetterforever.Becauseofhishardwork,thegrasslandsintheareaare9.

healthierdaybyday.

语境实战练studiedsit

get

be

call

create

continue

know

learn

graduate

help

studyhelpsgetting“ThoughIhavemadegreatprogress,Iwill10.

toworkhardnon-stoptomakesurethattheenvironmentisgettingbetterandbetter,”hesaid.“AndIamsurethiswillalso11.

newjobsforthepeopleinthisareainthefuture.”

语境实战练continuesit

get

be

call

create

continue

know

learn

graduate

help

studycreateⅢ.语法填空AIntheareaofQian,therewerenodonkeys(驴).Amanboughtonefromsomewhereelse,1.

soonhefoundituseless.Soheleftthedonkeyatthefoot2.

amountain.

Atigerinthemountainhadnever3.

(see)adonkeybefore.He4.

(think)itwasahugemonsterandfeltscared.Sothetiger5.

(hide)himselfinthewoods.Hesawthedonkeydonothing,buthestillcouldn’tmakesureifitwassafe.

语境实战练butofseenthoughthidOneday,whenthetigerwas6.

(watch)thedonkey,itsuddenlybrayed(嘶叫)loudly.Thetigerwasveryfrightenedandthoughthewould7.

(eat)bythedonkey.However,thedonkeywasstillat8.

sameplace,withoutmovingatall.

Thetigeragaingotclosetothedonkeysl