新版中石油职称英语模拟考试题及答案

新版中石油职称英语模拟考试题及答案PartI词汇与语法（共20题，每题1分，共20分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。1.Thenewdownholeloggingtoolcanwithstandpressures______20,000psiwithoutanymeasurabledeformation.A.inexcessof B.infavorof C.inplaceof D.intermsof答案：A 解析：inexcessof表示“超过”，符合高压语境。2.Thegeochemistinsistedthateverycoresample______inanitrogenatmospheretopreventoxidation.A.bestored B.isstored C.wasstored D.hasstored答案：A 解析：insist后接宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词原形。3.______theseismicamplitudeanomalywasfirstobserved,theexplorationteamhasdrilledthreeappraisalwells.A.Since B.During C.Unless D.Once答案：A 解析：since引导时间状语，主句用现在完成时。4.Therefinery’snewhydrogenrecoveryunitissaidto______energyconsumptionbyroughly8%.A.cutdown B.cutoff C.cutin D.cutout答案：A 解析：cutdown表示“削减”，与能耗搭配。5.Nosoonerhadtheannularpressurebeguntorise______thedrillerclosedtheblowoutpreventer.A.than B.when C.then D.while答案：A 解析：nosooner…than…固定搭配。6.Thecracktipopeningdisplacementdatawereplotted______alog-logscaletorevealthepower-lawrelationship.A.on B.at C.with D.under答案：A 解析：ona…scale为固定介词搭配。7.Theproductionengineerrecommendedthatthewellheadchokesize______from16/64"to12/64"tomitigatewaterconing.A.bereduced B.isreduced C.reduces D.hasreduced答案：A 解析：recommend后虚拟语气。8.Microemulsionfloodingis______effectiveinformationswithoilviscositiesbelow50mPa·s.A.comparatively B.comparably C.comparison D.comparative答案：A 副词修饰形容词effective。9.Thedirectionalsurveyindicateda4.2°inclinationtothenortheast,______thetorque-and-dragmodelhadnotpredicted.A.which B.that C.what D.whereby答案：A 非限定性定语从句。10.______thecostofcarboncapturecontinuestofall,widespreaddeploymentingas-processingplantsremainselusive.A.Despite B.Although C.However D.Provided答案：B 让步状语从句。11.Thecementbondlogshoweda0.8msectionofpoorbonding,______necessitatedaremedialsqueezejob.A.which B.that C.what D.it答案：A 非限定性定语从句。12.Hydrateplugstendtoform______thegasstreamissubjectedtorapidcoolingandhighvelocity.A.where B.when C.why D.how答案：B 时间状语从句。13.Thefracturegradientwascalculated______theoverburdenstressminustheporepressuregradient.A.tobe B.as C.like D.being答案：B as表示“作为”。14.Thenewpolymerexhibits______thermalstabilityevenafter90daysat120°C.A.remarkable B.remarked C.remarking D.remarkably答案：A 形容词修饰名词stability。15.Thesubseatreewasretrofittedwithasecondarybarrier,______theprimarysealweretofail.A.lest B.unless C.until D.ifonly答案：A lest引导目的状语从句，谓语用原形。16.Thereservoirmodelwashistory-matched______thecumulativeoilproductioncurvewithin3%error.A.against B.to C.with D.for答案：A against表示“对照”。17.Theproducedwaterwasreinjected______theformationtomaintainreservoirpressure.A.into B.onto C.over D.across答案：A injectinto固定搭配。18.Thebitwearpatternsuggestedthatthebottom-holeassemblyhad______whiledrillingtheinterbeddedsection.A.vibrated B.vibrate C.vibrating D.vibration答案：A 过去分词作谓语。19.Thegas-to-oilratiois______sensitivetothebubble-pointpressureinundersaturatedreservoirs.A.highly B.high C.higher D.height答案：A 副词修饰形容词sensitive。20.Theprojecteconomicsturnedpositive______theoilpriceexceeded65dollarsperbarrel.A.once B.unless C.whereas D.although答案：A once表示“一旦”。PartII完形填空（共15题，每题1分，共15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。Intheearlyhoursofawintermorning,thecrewofPlatformB-23detectedanunexpecteddropinexportgaspressure.Initialdiagnosticspointedtoapotentialleakinthe20-inchsubseapipeline.Thecontrolroomimmediately21theemergencyshutdownvalve,isolatingtheupstreamsegment.Aremotelyoperatedvehicle(ROV)was22toperformavisualinspection.TheROVcamerasrevealeda1.2mlong,23gashonthepipe’snorthernflank,mostlikelycausedbyananchordrag.Thenextchallengewasto24therateofhydrocarbonrelease.Usingmultibeamsonar,theteamestimatedaleakrateof18kg/s,25toroughly1,550barrelsofoilequivalentperday.Atemporaryrepairclampwas26within36hours,buttheclampcouldonlywithstand60%oftheoperatingpressure.Apermanentsolutionrequireda27replacementspool.WeatherwindowsintheNorthSeaarenotoriouslyshortinFebruary,sotheprojectteamoptedfora28tie-inmethod:amechanicalconnectorthatcouldbedeployedwithouthotwork.Theprefabricatedspoolwasloweredtotheseabedand29intopositionbyhydraulicactuators.Pressuretestsconfirmedthatthenewjointcould30themaximumallowableoperatingpressure(MAOP)plusa1.5safetyfactor.Throughouttheoperation,environmentalmonitors31dissolvedmethaneconcentrationsinthewatercolumn.Levelspeakedat450µg/Lbutdroppedbelow30µg/Lwithin48hoursaftertheclampinstallation,32thatthetemporarymeasurehadbeeneffective.Theentireincident,fromdetectiontofinalpressuretest,spanned11days—threedaysfasterthanthe33simulationhadpredicted.Post-incidentreviewshighlightedthevalueofmaintaininga34inventoryofsubseaconnectorsandtheimportanceofreal-timecurrentprofilingtoreduceROV35times.21.A.triggered B.hindered C.postponed D.overlooked22.A.launched B.dismantled C.insulated D.submerged23.A.longitudinal B.latitudinal C.diagonal D.concentric24.A.qualify B.quantify C.clarify D.justify25.A.amounting B.equating C.equalizing D.enumerating26.A.fabricated B.forged C.furnished D.facilitated27.A.pre-installed B.full-bore C.hot-forged D.cold-forged28.A.diverless B.wireless C.bottomless D.seamless29.A.skidded B.jacked C.nudged D.toggled30.A.tolerate B.sustain C.accommodate D.withstand31.A.sampled B.surveyed C.scavenged D.sensed32.A.indicating B.inducing C.infringing D.invigorating33.A.tabletop B.backload C.offload D.preload34.A.just-in-time B.buffer C.rolling D.capital35.A.standby B.downtime C.uptime D.runtime答案：21-25AABBA 26-30ABABD 31-35AAABBPartIII阅读理解（共20题，每题2分，共40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案。Passage1Theconceptof"reservesgrowth"haslongintriguedpetroleumeconomists.Historically,backdatedtechnicalrevisionshaveaddedmorebarrelstoglobalreservesthannew-fielddiscoveries.ArecentstudybytheUKEnergyInstitutedisaggregatesthisgrowthintothreecomponents:1)geologicuplift,whereadditionalcompartmentsareproventhroughstep-outdrilling;2)technologicuplift,whereenhancedrecoverymethodssuchaslow-salinitywaterfloodingormisciblegasinjectionincreasetherecoveryfactor;and3)economicuplift,wherehighercommoditypricesconvertcontingentresourcesintoprovenreserves.Thestudyfindsthattechnologicupliftaccountsfor52%oftheobservedgrowthinfieldsolderthan20years,dwarfingthe28%attributedtogeologiccompartmentalization.Importantly,theelasticityofreservestooilpriceisnon-linear:above80USD/bbl,every1%priceincreaseyieldsonly0.06%reservegrowth,whereasbetween50and60USD/bbltheelasticityis0.21%.Theimplicationforportfoliovaluationisprofound:price-linkedreserveadditionscreateapro-cyclicalfeedbackloopthatcaninflateassetvaluespreciselywhenthemarketpeaks.36.TheUKEnergyInstituteattributesthelargestshareofreservesgrowthinmaturefieldstoA.geologicuplift B.technologicuplift C.economicuplift D.new-fielddiscoveries答案：B 解析：文中明确指出technologicuplift占52%。37.TheelasticityofreservestooilpriceishighestwhenthepricebandisA.30-40USD/bbl B.50-60USD/bbl C.70-80USD/bbl D.above80USD/bbl答案：B 解析：文中给出50-60区间弹性为0.21%，高于其他区间。38.Theword"pro-cyclical"inthelastsentencemostnearlymeansA.counter-cyclical B.reinforcingtheexistingtrend C.stabilizing D.randomizing答案：B 解析：pro-cyclical即顺周期，放大趋势。39.Whichofthefollowingwouldmostlikelycausegeologicuplift?A.Polymerflooding B.Infilldrilling C.Commoditypricespike D.Fiscalregimechange答案：B 解析：step-outdrilling属于geologicuplift，infill是其同义转述。40.ThepassageimpliesthatportfoliovaluationsbasedonreservesgrowthareA.immunetooil-priceswings B.undervaluedduringdownturns C.overstatedatmarketpeaks D.unaffectedbytechnology答案：C 解析：文末指出顺周期反馈会在市场顶点夸大资产价值。Passage2Hydratemanagementindeepwatergaswellshingesonthermodynamicinhibitionandkineticmitigation.Monoethyleneglycol(MEG)istheindustry’sworkhorsethermodynamicinhibitor,yetitsregenerationcostcanexceed1USDperbarrelofproducedwater.Afledglingalternativeisthedeploymentoflow-dosagehydrateinhibitors(LDHIs),whichincludekinetichydrateinhibitors(KHIs)andanti-agglomerants(AAs).KHIsdelaynucleation,whereasAAsallowhydratestoformbutkeepthemtransportableasslurry.FieldtrialsintheGulfofMexicoshowthata0.5wt%injectionofpolyvinylcaprolactam-basedKHIcanextendinductiontimeby48hoursat8°Csubcooling,sufficienttocoveracold-wellstartup.However,KHIsdegradeattemperaturesabove110°C,renderingthemunsuitableforhigh-pressurehigh-temperature(HPHT)wells.AAs,ontheotherhand,remaineffectiveupto140°Cbutrequireaminimumwatercutof15%tomaintaindispersionstability.Ahybridstrategy—MEGat20wt%plus0.3wt%AA—hascutchemicalOPEXby34%intheCascade-Chinooksystemwhilepreservingflowassurance.41.TheprimarydrawbackofMEGmentionedinthepassageisitsA.corrosiveness B.regenerationcost C.toxicity D.flammability答案：B 解析：文中指出regenerationcost可超1USD/bbl。42.WhichstatementaboutKHIsistrue?A.Theypreventhydratesfromformingcompletely.B.TheyaresuitableforHPHTwells.C.Theydelayhydratenucleation.D.Theyrequirehighwatercut.答案：C 解析：KHIsdelaynucleation。43.AAsdifferfromKHIsinthatAAsA.inhibitnucleation B.toleratehighertemperatures C.requirelowerwatercut D.arepolyvinylcaprolactam-based答案：B 解析：AAs可耐140°C，高于KHIs的110°C。44.TheCascade-Chinooksystemachieveda34%reductioninA.CAPEX B.watercut C.chemicalOPEX D.subcoolingmargin答案：C 解析：文中明确为chemicalOPEX。45.ThepassagesuggeststhatahybridinhibitorstrategyisA.alwayssuperiortostandaloneMEG B.ineffectiveinHPHTconditions C.economicallyadvantageous D.environmentallybenign答案：C 解析：hybrid策略削减34%OPEX，体现经济优势。Passage3Carbonatereservoirsoftenexhibitdual-porositybehavior:matrixporosityprovidesstorage,whilefracturenetworksdeliverflowcapacity.Conventionaldual-porositysimulatorsassumeinstantaneouspseudo-steadystateexchangebetweenfractureandmatrix,anassumptionthatbreaksdownintightcarbonateswherecapillarycontinuityisdisrupted.Anewtriple-continuummodeladdsamicro-fracturedomainbetweenmatrixandmacro-fractures,allowingfortransientfluidtransfergovernedbyspontaneousimbibition.History-matchingofagiantMiddle-Eastfieldshowsthatthetriple-continuumapproachreducescumulativewater-cuterrorfrom18%to4%.Moreover,themodelpredictsthatdecreasingthematrixblocksizefrom2mto0.5macceleratesoilrecoveryby9%over15years,primarilythroughenhancedcounter-currentimbibition.Thefindingschallengethelong-heldpracticeofmaximizingfracturehalf-lengthinhydraulicstimulation;instead,creatingdensemicro-fracturenetworksappearsmorebeneficialincarbonateformationswithoil-wetcharacteristics.46.Conventionaldual-porositymodelsfailintightcarbonatesbecausetheyignoreA.gravitysegregation B.transientfluidexchange C.thermalexpansion D.osmoticpressure答案：B 解析：文中指出忽略瞬态交换。47.Thetriple-continuummodelintroducesanadditionalA.macro-fractureset B.micro-fracturedomain C.vuggyporosity D.shalestreak答案：B 解析：新增micro-fracturedomain。48.ReducingmatrixblocksizeacceleratesrecoveryviaA.co-currentimbibition B.counter-currentimbibition C.gravitydrainage D.viscousfingering答案：B 解析：文中为counter-currentimbibition。49.ThestudyimpliesthatfuturestimulationdesignsshouldfocusonA.longerfracturehalf-lengths B.densermicro-fractures C.higherproppantconcentration D.largerfracturingfluidvolume答案：B 解析：densemicro-fracturenetworks更有利。50.ThegiantMiddle-Eastfieldhistory-matchshowedawater-cuterrorreductionofA.4% B.9% C.14% D.18%答案：C 解析：从18%降到4%，降幅14个百分点。PartIV翻译（共2题，英译汉、汉译英各1题，每题15分，共30分）51.英译汉Original:Theadventofhigh-resolutionreservoircharacterization,poweredbyfull-azimuthseismicacquisitionandensemble-basedhistorymatching,hasenabledoperatorstoidentifybypassedpayzoneswithaverticalresolutionapproaching1.5m.Subsequentinfilldrillingcampaignshaveaddedincrementalreservesthatweretraditionallycategorizedaspessimistictailsinprobabilisticresourceassessments.译文：依托全方位地震采集和集束历史拟合的高分辨率油藏表征技术，作业者得以识别垂向分辨率近1.5米的剩余油富集区，随后的加密钻井所增加的储量，在传统概率资源评估中曾被归为悲观尾部。52.汉译英原文：页岩油开发中，水平井段筒间干扰的量化对优化井距至关重要。本文提出一种基于压力瞬态叠加的解析模型，可在考虑应力阴影效应的前提下，快速预测不同井距下的产量干扰系数。English:Inshale-oildevelopment,quantifyinginter-wellinterferencewithinhorizontallateralsispivotalforoptimizingwellspacing.Thispaperpresentsananalyticalmodelbasedonpressure-transientsuperpositionthatrapidly