2024年下半年重庆市医护英语水平考试METS听力考试真题练习及答案

2024年下半年重庆市医护英语水平考试METS听力考试练习题练习及答案SectionA:ShortConversations（共10题，每题1分）Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear10shortconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Conversation1W:Doctor,I’vehadapersistentheadacheforthreedays.Itstartsinthemorningandgetsworsebyafternoon.SometimesIfeelnauseous,butnovomiting.M:Doyouhaveanyvisionproblems?Blurredvisionorseeingspots?W:Alittleblurredwhenthepainissevere.Q:Whatisthepatient’smaincomplaint?A.NauseaandvomitingB.PersistentheadacheC.BlurredvisionD.MorningfatigueConversation2M:Nurse,whencanIstarteatingaftertheappendectomy?Theanesthesiaiswearingoff,andI’mstarving.W:Let’scheckyourbowelsoundsfirst.Ifthey’reactive,youcantryclearliquidslikewarmwaterorbroth.Nosolidfooduntiltomorrowmorning,okay?Q:Whatdoesthenurseadvisethepatienttodofirst?A.EatsolidfoodimmediatelyB.DrinkclearliquidsaftercheckingbowelsoundsC.Waitfor24hoursbeforeeatingD.TakepainkillerstoreducehungerConversation3W:My5-year-oldhasahighfever—39.5°C—andarashonhischest.Itstartedyesterday.Isitmeasles?M:Measlesusuallypresentswithcough,runnynose,andKoplikspotsinthemouth.Letmecheckhisoralmucosa…No,thesearejustredspots.It’smorelikelyaviralexanthem.Q:Whatdoesthedoctorsuspect?A.MeaslesB.ViralexanthemC.ScarletfeverD.AllergicrashConversation4M:HowshouldItakethisantibiotic,nurse?Thelabelsays“threetimesaday,”butdoesthatmeanevery8hours?W:Formostantibiotics,“threetimesaday”isroughly8-hourintervals,buttrytospacethemevenly—like7AM,3PM,and11PM.Don’tskipdoses,evenifyoufeelbetter.Q:Whatisthenurseexplaining?A.ThesideeffectsofantibioticsB.ThecorrectdosagefrequencyC.HowtostoreantibioticsD.WhentostoptakingantibioticsConversation5W:Doctor,mybloodpressurewas150/95lastweek.ShouldIstartmedication?M:Let’scheckagaintoday…148/92.Sinceit’sborderlinehypertension,wecantrylifestylechangesfirst:low-saltdiet,regularexercise,andstressmanagement.Recheckinamonth.Q:Whatisthedoctor’srecommendation?A.ImmediateantihypertensivemedicationB.LifestylemodificationsbeforemedicationC.FrequentbloodpressuremonitoringdailyD.ReferraltoacardiologyspecialistConversation6M:Nurse,thepatientinBed3iscomplainingofshortnessofbreath.Hisoxygensaturationis88%onroomair.W:Puthimon4Lofoxygenvianasalcannula.I’llnotifythedoctorandprepareforachestX-ray.Checkhisrespiratoryrate—shouldn’texceed30breathsperminute.Q:Whatisthefirstactionthenursewilltake?A.PrepareforachestX-rayB.Increaseoxygenflowto6LC.Apply4LoxygenvianasalcannulaD.Checkthepatient’sbloodpressureConversation7W:Mygrandmotherhasdiabetes.Sheforgottotakeherinsulinthismorning.Herbloodsugaris220mg/dLnow.WhatshouldIdo?M:Giveherthemisseddose—10unitsofregularinsulinasprescribed.Monitorherbloodsugarevery2hours.Ifitdoesn’tdropbelow180,callus.Q:Whatistheinstructionforthegrandmother?A.SkiptheinsulindoseforthedayB.Take10unitsofregularinsulinimmediatelyC.Checkbloodsugaroncein6hoursD.DrinkfruitjuicetolowerbloodsugarConversation8M:Nurse,thepatientwithafracturedhipisrefusingphysicaltherapy.Hesaysit’stoopainful.W:Painisnormal,butavoidingmovementincreasestheriskofbloodclotsandmuscleatrophy.Let’sadjusthispainmeds30minutesbeforetherapy.I’lltalktohimaboutthebenefits.Q:Whyisthepatientrefusingphysicaltherapy?A.FearofbloodclotsB.MuscleatrophyC.SeverepainduringexerciseD.LackofunderstandingaboutbenefitsConversation9W:Doctor,I’vebeenhavingheartburnaftermeals.Antacidshelpalittle,butit’sgettingworse.CoulditbeGERD?M:GERDoftencausesburningpaininthechest,worsewhenlyingdown.Let’stryaprotonpumpinhibitorfor4weeks.Ifnoimprovement,we’llscheduleanendoscopy.Q:Whatisthedoctor’sinitialtreatmentplan?A.ImmediateendoscopyB.ProtonpumpinhibitortrialC.LifestylechangesonlyD.SurgicalreferralConversation10M:Nurse,thenewborninNursery2hasjaundice.Hisbilirubinlevelis15mg/dL.Whenshouldwestartphototherapy?W:Forterminfants,phototherapyisrecommendedat15-18mg/dL.Sincehe’s48hoursoldandotherwisehealthy,initiateitnow.Monitorbilirubinevery4hours.Q:Whatisthenurse’sinstructionforthenewborn?A.Delayphototherapyuntilbilirubinreaches18mg/dLB.StartphototherapyimmediatelyC.Checkbilirubinevery12hoursD.TransfertoNICUforexchangetransfusion---SectionB:LongConversations（共10题，每题1分）Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear2longconversations.Eachconversationwillbefollowedby5questions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Conversation1（DoctorLiandapatientwithchronickidneydisease,Mr.Wang）W:Mr.Wang,let’sreviewyourlabresults.Yourcreatinineis2.8mg/dL,upfrom2.2lastmonth.Howhaveyoubeenfeeling?M:Tiredallthetime,andmyanklesareswollen.I’vebeeneatingmoresaltysnackslately—mywifesaysI’maddictedtopickles.W:That’saproblem.Highsodiumintakeworsensfluidretentionandincreasesbloodpressure,whichdamagesyourkidneysfurther.Let’scheckyourbloodpressure…155/95.Itshouldbebelow130/80.M:I’vebeentakingmyantihypertensivemeds,butmaybeImissedadoseyesterday.W:Consistencyiskey.Also,yourpotassiumis5.2mmol/L—slightlyhigh.Avoidhigh-potassiumfoodslikebananas,oranges,andpotatoes.M:Whataboutprotein?Iheardkidneypatientsneedlow-proteindiets.W:Yes,butnottoolow—0.8g/kgofbodyweightperday.Youweigh70kg,soaround56gramsdaily.Focusonhigh-qualityproteinlikeeggsandfish.M:Anddialysis?WhenwillIneedit?W:Dialysisisusuallyconsideredwhencreatinineclearancedropsbelow15mL/min.Yoursis30mL/minnow.Let’sfocusoncontrollingbloodpressureanddietfirst.Followupin2weeks.Questions11-1511.WhatisthemainissuewithMr.Wang’slabresults?A.LowcreatininelevelB.ElevatedcreatinineandpotassiumC.ReducedwhitebloodcellsD.Highhemoglobin12.WhyareMr.Wang’sanklesswollen?A.ExcessivepotassiumintakeB.LowproteinindietC.HighsodiumintakeD.Misseddialysissessions13.WhatisMr.Wang’scurrentbloodpressure?A.130/80B.155/95C.120/75D.140/9014.WhichfoodshouldMr.Wangavoid?A.EggsB.FishC.BananasD.Chicken15.Whenisdialysistypicallyconsideredforkidneypatients?A.Creatinineclearancebelow15mL/minB.Potassiumabove5.0mmol/LC.Bloodpressureabove140/90D.Creatinineabove2.0mg/dLConversation2（NurseZhangandapatient’sfamilymember,Mrs.Liu,intheICU）M:Mrs.Liu,yourhusbandhadaseverestrokeyesterday.He’sunconsciousnow,withleft-sidedparalysis.We’remonitoringhisintracranialpressure,andhe’sonaventilator.W:Willhewakeup?Whencanweseehim?M:Thenext48-72hoursarecritical.We’llkeephimsedatedtoreducebrainswelling.Youcanvisitfor10minutesevery2hours,butonlyonefamilymemberatatime.W:Whatabouthisrecovery?Canhewalkagain?M:Itdependsonthestroke’slocationandseverity.Physicaltherapymaystartin2-3weeksifhisconditionstabilizes.Somepatientsregainpartialfunction,butfullrecoveryisrare.W:He’sdiabetic—doesthataffecthisprognosis?M:Yes,diabetesimpairswoundhealingandincreasesinfectionrisk.We’rekeepinghisbloodsugarbetween140-180mg/dLtoavoidhypoglycemia.W:Whatcanwedotohelp?M:Keeptheenvironmentcalm.Talktohim—hemighthearyouevenifunresponsive.Reportanychanges,likeeyeopeningorlimbmovement.Questions16-2016.Whatisthepatient’scurrentcondition?A.Consciouswithright-sidedweaknessB.Unconsciouswithleft-sidedparalysisC.AwakebutunabletospeakD.Sedatedwithrespiratoryfailure17.Whenisthecriticalperiodforthepatient’scondition?A.First24hoursB.48-72hoursafterthestrokeC.1-2weekspost-strokeD.1monthafterstabilization18.HowoftencanMrs.Liuvisitherhusband?A.10minuteseveryhourB.10minutesevery2hoursC.30minutestwiceadayD.15minutesonceaday19.Whyiscontrollingbloodsugarimportantforthepatient?A.TopreventhypoglycemiaandinfectionB.ToreduceintracranialpressureC.ToimproveventilatorweaningD.Toenhancephysicaltherapyoutcomes20.Whatdoesthenurseadvisethefamilytodo?A.AvoidtalkingtothepatientB.MonitorbloodsugarathomeC.Reportanychangesinthepatient’sresponsivenessD.Prepareforimmediatephysicaltherapy---SectionC:Passages（共10题，每题1分）Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Passage1（Ahealthlectureonpreventingpressureulcersinbedriddenpatients）Pressureulcers,orbedsores,areacommoncomplicationinpatientswhoarebedriddenorusewheelchairs.Theydevelopwhenconstantpressurereducesbloodflowtotheskinandunderlyingtissue.Thekeytopreventionisregularrepositioning—atleastevery2hoursforbedriddenpatients.Usepillowstokeepbonyprominences(likeheels,hips,andelbows)offthebedsurface.Skincareisalsocrucial.Cleantheskinwithmildsoapandwater,anddryitgently—moisturefromsweatorurinecansoftentheskinandincreaseulcerrisk.Usebarriercreamsforincontinentpatients.Inspecttheskindailyforrednessordiscoloration,especiallyoverpressurepoints.Nutritionplaysaroletoo.Patientsneedadequateprotein(1.2-1.5g/kg/day)andcaloriestosupportskinhealth.Dehydrationworsenstissuedamage,soensuresufficientfluidintake.Finally,usespecialmattressesorcushionsthatdistributepressureevenly,suchasair-fluidizedbedsorgelpads.Questions21-2521.Whatcausespressureulcers?A.ExcessivemoistureontheskinB.ReducedbloodflowfromconstantpressureC.PoornutritionanddehydrationD.Inadequateskincleaning22.Howoftenshouldbedriddenpatientsberepositioned?A.EveryhourB.Every2hoursC.Every4hoursD.Every6hours23.Whatshouldbeusedtoprotectbonyprominences?A.BarriercreamsB.GelpadsC.PillowsD.Mildsoap24.Whyisskininspectionimportant?A.TocheckforrednessatpressurepointsB.TomeasurefluidintakeC.ToapplybarriercreamsD.Tocleansweatandurine25.Whatistherecommendeddailyproteinintakeforprevention?A.0.8-1.0g/kgB.1.2-1.5g/kgC.1.8-2.0g/kgD.2.2-2.5g/kgPassage2（Amedicalreportoninfluenzavaccinationintheelderly）ArecentstudypublishedinTheJournalofGeriatricMedicineexaminedtheeffectivenessoftheinfluenzavaccineinadultsover65.Thestudyfollowed10,000participants:5,000receivedthehigh-dosevaccine,and5,000receivedaplacebo.Overthefluseason,320placeborecipientsdevelopedconfirmedinfluenza,comparedto85vaccinerecipients—a73%reductionininfectionrisk.Moreimportantly,thevaccinereducedsevereoutcomes:hospitalizationsforflu-relatedcomplications(pneumonia,heartattack)were45%lowerinthevaccinatedgroup,andmortalitydecreasedby30%.Thehigh-dosevaccine,whichcontainsfourtimestheantigenofstandarddoses,isrecommendedfortheelderlyduetotheirweakenedimmuneresponse.Researchersnotedthatevenwithvaccination,handhygieneandavoidingcrowdedplacesduringpeakfluseasonremainessential.Sideeffectsweremild—sorenessattheinjectionsitein15%ofcases,low-gradefeverin5%—andresolvedwithin48hours.Questions26-3026.Whatwasthestudy’ssamplesize?A.5,000participantsB.10,000participantsC.15,000participantsD.20,000participants27.Whatwasthereductionininfluenzainfectionriskforvaccinatedelderly?A.30%B.45%C.73%D.85%28.Whyisthehigh-dosevaccinerecommendedfortheelderly?A.ItcausesfewersideeffectsB.TheirimmuneresponseisweakerC.ItprotectsagainstmoreflustrainsD.Itreducesfevermoreeffectively29.Whatisarecommendedadditionalprecautionbesidesvaccination?A.TakingantiviralmedicationdailyB.AvoidinghandhygieneC.StayingincrowdedplacesD.Practicinghandhygiene30.Howlongdomildsideeffectstypicallylast?A.12hoursB.24hoursC.48hoursD.72hoursPassage3（Anurse’sinstructiononpost-cesareancarefornewmothers）Congratulationsonyourbaby!Now,let’sgooverpost-cesareancare.First,painmanagement:takeyourprescribedpainkillersontime—don’twaituntilthepainissevere.Theincisionsitewillbetenderfor1-2weeks.Keepitcleananddry;changethedressingdaily.Reportredness,swelling,orpus—thesecouldbesignsofinfection.Mobilityisimportanttopreventbloodclots.Startwalkingshortdistanceswithin24hours,evenifit’sjusttothebathroom.Graduallyincreaseactivity,butavoidheav