2026年英语阅读理解与写作高级试题

2026年英语阅读理解与写作高级试题Part1:ReadingComprehension(60Points)Instructions:Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswer(A,B,C,orD)foreachquestion.SectionA:GlobalEnvironmentalPolicies(20Points-4Questions×5PointsEach)Passage1The2024UnitedNationsClimateChangeConference(COP28)highlightedtheurgentneedfornationstoaccelerategreentransitions.Developedcountries,particularlytheEUandtheUS,committedtoreducingcarbonemissionsby50%before2030.However,criticsarguethatthesetargetslackenforceabilitywithoutbindingmechanisms.Developingnations,ledbyIndiaandChina,demandedfinancialsupportandtechnologytransfertoachievesustainabledevelopment.Theconferenceconcludedwithapledgetophaseoutcoalpowerby2035,butdisagreementspersistedoveraccountability.Environmentalactivistswarnthattimeisrunningout,asglobaltemperaturescontinuetoriseatanalarmingrate.Questions:1.WhatwasthemainoutcomeofCOP28?A)Allcountriesagreedonimmediatecarboncuts.B)Aglobalcoalitionformedtophaseoutcoal.C)Developednationspromisedfinancialaidtodevelopingones.D)Nobindingcommitmentsweremade.(Answer:B)2.Whichgroupofcountriesismostskepticalaboutcurrentclimatepolicies?A)TheEUandtheUSB)EnvironmentalactivistsC)DevelopingnationsD)Scientists(Answer:C)3.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthebiggestchallengetoachievingclimategoals?A)LackoftechnologyB)InsufficientfundingC)PoliticaldisagreementsD)Publicawareness(Answer:C)4.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofglobalclimatenegotiations?A)Countrieswillunifytoenforcestricttargets.B)Progresswillremainslowduetoconflictinginterests.C)TheUSwillleadallefforts.D)Developingnationswilltakethelead.(Answer:B)SectionB:UrbanTransportationInnovationsinTokyo(20Points-4Questions×5PointsEach)Passage2Tokyo,Japan’sbustlingmetropolis,haspioneeredsmarttransportationsystemstoalleviatetrafficcongestion.Thecity’sintroductionofautonomouselectricshuttlesin2023hasreducedcarbonemissionsby30%incentraldistricts.Additionally,thegovernmenthasimplementedahigh-frequencybusnetworkpoweredbyrenewableenergy,connectingsuburbstobusinesshubs.Public-privatepartnershipshavefurtherexpandedbike-sharingprograms,withover500,000bicyclesavailablenationwide.However,challengesremain,suchasintegratingelderly-friendlyinfrastructureandensuringequitableaccesstonewtechnologies.Tokyo’ssuccesshasinspiredothermegacitieslikeShanghaiandSingaporetoadoptsimilarmodels.Questions:1.WhatistheprimarygoalofTokyo’snewtransportationinitiatives?A)ToincreasecarusageB)ToreducepollutionC)ToattracttouristsD)Tocentralizepopulationgrowth(Answer:B)2.HowhastheintroductionofautonomousshuttlesimpactedTokyo’senvironment?A)Itdoubledemissions.B)Ithadnonoticeableeffect.C)Itsignificantlyloweredpollution.D)Itdisplacedresidents.(Answer:C)3.WhatproblemdoesTokyostillfaceinitstransportationsystem?A)Lackofrenewableenergysources.B)Limitedbike-sharingoptions.C)Accessibilityissuesforseniors.D)Excessivegovernmentspending.(Answer:C)4.Whatdoesthepassageimplyaboutthefutureofurbantransport?A)Traditionalroadswillreplaceallnewsystems.B)Citieswillrelymoreoninnovativesolutions.C)Governmentswillavoidpublic-privatepartnerships.D)Bicycleswillbecomeobsolete.(Answer:B)SectionC:RenewableEnergyinScotland(20Points-4Questions×5PointsEach)Passage3Scotland,aleaderinwindenergy,generatesover50%ofitselectricityfromrenewablesources.TheScottishgovernment’sambitioustargetsaimtoachievenet-zeroemissionsby2045,faraheadoftheUK’s2050goal.CompanieslikeSSEandScottishPowerhaveinvestedheavilyinoffshorewindfarms,whichnowprovidepowertomillions.However,criticsarguethatruralcommunitiesfacedisplacementduetoinfrastructureexpansion.Thegovernmenthasrespondedbyofferingcompensationandprioritizinglocalemployment.Despitetheseefforts,theshifttogreenenergyhasdisruptedtraditionalindustries,suchascoalmining,leavingthousandsunemployed.Questions:1.WhatisScotland’suniquecontributiontoglobalrenewableenergy?A)Itreliessolelyonsolarpower.B)Itleadsinwindenergyadoption.C)Itprohibitsfossilfuelsentirely.D)ItexportscoaltoEurope.(Answer:B)2.WhatisthemaincriticismofScotland’srenewableenergypolicies?A)Theyaretooexpensive.B)Theydisplaceruralpopulations.C)Theyarenotambitiousenough.D)Theyharmagriculturaloutput.(Answer:B)3.HowdoestheScottishgovernmentaddressthesocialimpactofenergytransition?A)Itimposeshighertaxes.B)Itprovidesfinancialsupport.C)Itrestrictswindfarmexpansion.D)Itpromotescoalenergy.(Answer:B)4.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofScotland’seconomy?A)Itwilldeclineduetoenergyshifts.B)Itwilladaptbydiversifyingindustries.C)Itwillremaindependentoncoal.D)Itwillignoreenvironmentalgoals.(Answer:B)Part2:Writing(40Points)Instructions:Writeanessayof200-250wordsononeofthefollowingtopics.OptionA:EnvironmentalPolicySomearguethatstrictenvironmentalregulationsharmeconomicgrowth,whileothersbelievetheyareessentialforsustainability.Discussbothsidesandgiveyouropinion.OptionB:UrbanTransportationUrbanplannersareincreasinglyadoptingsmarttransportsystems.Whatarethebenefitsandchallengesofsuchinnovations?OptionC:RenewableEnergyGovernmentsworldwideareinvestinginrenewableenergy.Whatarethekeyadvantagesanddisadvantagesfordevelopingcountries?AnswerKeyandExplanationsReadingComprehensionSectionA:1.BExplanation:Thepassagementionsa"coalphase-out"agreement,aligningwithoptionB.2.CExplanation:Developingnationsaredescribedas"demandingfinancialsupport"but"disagreementspersisted,"indicatingskepticism.3.CExplanation:Thetexthighlights"politicaldisagreements"asthemainobstacletoclimategoals.4.BExplanation:Thepassagenotesongoingconflicts("disagreements")inclimatenegotiations.SectionB:1.BExplanation:ReducingpollutionisexplicitlystatedasthegoalofTokyo’sinitiatives.2.CExplanation:Thepassagesaysautonomousshuttles"loweredpollutionby30%."3.CExplanation:Accessibilityforseniorsismentionedasanunresolvedissue.4.BExplanation:Thepassageimpliescitieswilladoptinnovationslikeautonomoustransport.SectionC:1.BExplanation:Scotlandisnotedasaleaderinwindenergy.2.BExplanation:Displacementofruralcommunitiesiscriticizedinthetext.3.BExplanation:Compensationandlocalemploymentarementionedasresponsestosocialimpact.4.BExplanation:Thepassagesuggestseconomicadaptationthroughdiversification.Writing(SampleEssayforOptionA)Title:TheBalanceBetweenEnvironmentalPolicyandEconomicGrowthEnvironmentalpoliciesareoftendebatedfortheirimpactoneconomicgrowth.Ononehand,strictregulationscanreduceindustrialoutputbyincreasingcostsforbusinesses.Companiesmaystruggletocomplywithcarbonlimitsorrenewableenergymandates,leadingtojoblossesorrelocationtocountrieswithlaxerrules.Forexample,theEU’scarbontaxhasbeencriticizedforharmingmanufacturingsectors.However,environmentalprotectionisvitalforlong-termsustainability.Uncheckedpolluti