广东省广州市某中学新高考适应性考试英语试卷及答案解析

广东省广州市实验中学新高考适应性考试英语试卷

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(B)

填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角"条形码粘贴处”。

2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑：如需改动，用橡皮擦

干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试题卷上。

3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先

划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案：不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。

4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分(共20小题，每小题L5分，满分30分)

1.—Doyoufeellikegoingtothecinematonight?

—Sorry,I'msotired.Ianearlynight.

A.haveB.amhavingC.havehadD.had

2.Andycangotothecinematogetherwithushehasfinishedthetask.

A.unlessB.assoonasC.untilD.aslongas

3.Iwasexpectingapresentfromher;soIwasdisappointedIdidn'treceive.

A.itB.oneC.thatD.(lieone

4.Eithersideseemstohavea(n)position;therearestillmanyuncertaintiesonthisissue.

A.ambiguousB.delicateC.explicitD.confidential

5.Hedoesn'tspendanymoremoneyonclothingthanIdo,buthemanagestolooksostylish.

A.thereforeB.somehow

C.furthermoreD.otherwise

6.YesterdayItookmycartothegaragetohavethemtheair-conditioner.

A.tocheckB.checkingC.checkedD.check

7.Tomissocreativeapersonthathealwayshaslotsofideasinhi$mind,andsometimeswedon'tevenknow

whatheisthinkingabout

A.meanB.novel

C.slimD.instant

8.—Howwasyourjobinterview?

—Verysuccessful.Imyhomeworkaboutthecompany,youknow.

A.haddoneB.havedone

C.didI),wasdoing

9.ThedifferenceinthicknessandweightfromtheearlierversionmakestheiPad2morecomfortable.

A.heldB.holdingC.beheldD.tohold

10.Theinnerthoughtsofthetwoyoungpersonsarerevealedinthebook,bothofthemfailtoexpress.

A.whereB.when

C.whoI),which

11.MaybesomeofyouarecuriousaboutwhatmylifewaslikeonthestreetsbecauseI'veneverreallytalkedaboutit

A.inplaceB.inturnC.inforceD.indepth

12.Lindatohermotherforsolongthatshefiguresoutalmosteverygestureofhermother's.

A.attendedB.hadattendedC.wouldattendD.hasattended

13.ThemeetingplannednextMondayisveryimportant.

A.tobeheldB.held

C.beingheldD.holding

14.Maryreallyhardonhisbookandthinkshe'llhavefinisheditbyFriday.

A.workedB.hasbeenworking

C.hadworkedD.hasworked

15.—Whydoyoulookveryupset?

—Theelectricitywascutoffsuddenlyandmyessayunfinishedsince.

A.wasleftB.hasleft

C.hadbeenleftD.liasbeenleft

16.GeneralSecretary,XiJinping,stressedthatcross-straitcooperationwouldbestrengthenedthetwosides

couldagreetoopposeTaiwanindependence.

A.unlessB.evenif

C.aslongasI),until

17.Heinsistedwhathedidrightandthatanyonewhobrokelaws.

A.was;bepunishedB.be;waspunished

C.was;waspunishedD.be;bepunished

18.一Excuseme,sir.Youcan'tenterOfficewithoutpermission.

一Butthemanagerisexpectingme.

A.the；aB.an；theC.the；不填D.不填：不填

19.Theyhaveleadingexpertsinthisfield,andthat'sthey'vemadeimportantprogress.

A.whereB.why

C.whether1).who

20.Thiskindofglassesmadebyexperiencedcraftsmencomfortably.

A.iswornB.wearsC.wearingD.areworn

第二部分阅读理解(满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21.(6分)TraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)isgainingglobalpopularity.Accordingtoagovernmentwhitepaper,

TCMhasbeenintroducedin183countriesandregionsaroundtheworld.

Westerners'understandingofTCM,however,maybelimitedtoacupundure,cuppingandmassage(针灸,拔罐

和按摩).Forinstance,thepurple,injury-likemarksleftonUS.swimmerMichaelPhelps'backfromcuppingforthe

purposeofrelaxinghismusclesandreducingpainbecamethecenterofattentionduringtheRioOlympicsin2(116.

Asamatteroffact,Chineseherbsplayamoreimportantroleingettingridofdiseasesandkeepingthebodyin

goodconditionintheTCMtreatmentsystemthanphysicaltreatment.ltisthereforedishearteningtoknowthat-while

103WorldHealthOrganizationmembercountrieshavegivenapprovaltothepracticeofacupuncturernotmany

recognizeChineseherbalmedicineTCMfallsfarbehindWesternmedicineowingpartlytotheslowdevelopmentof

Chineseherbs.

Herbs,aremadeintopills,powdcrandsoup,andthekindofherbsuscdltheirqualityandquantity,andthe

processingoftheingredientsjointlydeterminetheeffectivenessoftheprescription.ComparedwithWesternmedicine,

whichhasstandardizeddrugproductionprocessesandtreatmentmethods,TCMlacksstandardization,withthe

chemicalcompositionandfunctionsofitsmedicinesbeingunclearandtheireffectsbeingunstable.

F()rtunatcly\standardizati()nhasimprovedinrecentdecades,withanincreasingnumberoffactoriesproducing

patentedTCMdrugs.

AnotherfactnrthathaspreventedthedevelopmentofTCMproscriptiondrugsisthpl»cknfcreativity,While

Westernmedicine-makingcompaniescomeupwithnewproductseveryyear,TCMdrugproducerstendtomake

medicinesaccordingtoprescriptionshandeddownfromthepast.ChinesechemistTuYouyour*swinningthe2015Nobel

PrizeinPhysiologyorMedicineforherresearchintomalaria(疟疾)treatmentmaydrivecreativitytosomeexlentin

China'sTCMindustry.However,thecurrentstateofaffairscannotbechangedwithinashorttime.

IsTheauthormentionstheexampleofMichaelPhelpsinordertoshow.

A.hewasinjuredinhisswimming.

B.cuppingisakindofimportantTCMtreatment.

C.westernersknowalittleaboutTCM.

D.westernersattachgreatimportancetoTCM.

2、Whydon'tsomemembercountriesofWHOrecognizeChineseherbalmedicine?

A.BecauseChineseherbscangetridofdiseases

B.Becausetheyonlyapprovethepracticeofacupuncture

C.Becausewesternmedicine15moreeffective

D.BecausemedicinemadeoutorChineseherbsdevelopsslowly

3、ComparedwithWesternmedicine,whatisthemainweakpointofTCM?

A.Themethodsofprocessingherbs.

B.Theeffectivenessofprescription.

C.Lackinginstandardization.

D.Itsunstablefunctions.

4、ThelackofcreativityinTCMreferstothefactthat<

A.medicine-makingcompanieslackcreativity.

B.prescriptionsaregotfromthepast.

C.Westerncompaniesaremoreexperienced.

D.medicine-makingcompanieslackdrivingforce

22.（8分）

^■vchaeologicaltours

MMtedscMon1，叩f吊uinerariri1umurpafifdservice

InspiringArchaeologicalStudyToursacrosstheWorldin2017...

AnArchaeologicalToursgetawayIsanarchaeologylover'svacationlikenoother.Wehaveanexcitingselectionof

toursdepartingin2017withunsurpassedservice.IIere'sasmallselectionofwhatwehavetooffer.Alsoacodeforyou:

Neverallow（Jogstorunfree-lytheretokeeptheplantsandanimalsliveinpeaceandgetridofrubbishproperly.Be

carefultoburyyourtoiletwasteandkeeptothedesignedtracks.

Guatemala&BelizeGhana,Togo&Benin

CoonthetrailofMesoamericancivilizationsinthelushWitnessthemeetingofthrivingtraditions,ancient

forests,ruggedfoothills（丘陵地带）,andmoderncitiesofpast,andforward-lookingpresentinincomparableWest

thesefascinatingsitesincentralAmerica.Africa.

January6-20,20171$6,495February7-22,20171$7,495

CentralMexico

AncientEgypt

Followtheancientcivilizationsofthe

FromthepyramidsofGizatotheValleysoftheKingsand

Toitec,Aztec,Zapotcc,OlmecandMixtecacrossthecentre

Queens,discovertheglorioussplendorsofancientEgypt.

ofmagnificentMexicoinNorthAmerica.

February&November2017l$5,995

March11-24,2（1171$5,795

Malta,Sardinia&Corsica

Iran

Explorethecharacteristicgeologicalenvironmentsand

DiscoverthebeautyandmajestyofIran'slong-passed

uniqueculturalandpoliticalhistoriesofthesethree

empires,earlymodemdynasties,andtimelessscenery.

islandsinSouthEurope.

April,September&October2017l$7,995

April19-May4,20171$7,495

69>Accordingtothetravelleaflet,visitorsshouldtour.

A.withcalmnessandcuriosity

B.withself-defenceandhonour

C.withconventionandreligion

I）,withself-disciplineandprotection

1>TomiskeenonearlymoderndynastywhilehiswifeenjoysAfricatraditions.Whichplacesaretheirbestchoices?

A.AncientEgyptandCentralMexico.

B.Guatemala,BelizeandIran.

C.Ghana,Bcnin,TogaandIran.

D.Malta.SardiniaandCorsica.

23.（8分）AwhilebackIcaughtanewsreportonsomethingcalled—couchsurfing||andthenetworkof

trustingsoulswhomakethisphenomenonpossible.Theyoffertoputuptravelersfreeofchargeandhelpthemontheir

ways.Atfirst,itsoundedunbelievable.Imean,invitingstrangersintoone'shomeforoneortwonights?Givemea

break.

However,Iwasintrigued.Idecidedtoinvestigate.Theonlywaytotrulylearnaboutthisphenomenonwastodive

in.So1plannedatriptoFinland,acountryTvealwayswantedtoexplore.Iwouldcouchsurfateverystopthere.

Ifeveranyanxietyexistedwhensteppingintotheunknown,itdisappearedwhenmyfirsthostmetmeatthetrain

station.ArilookedlikemyideaofatypicalFinn:tallandblue-eyed.Finnswerealsosupposedtobefamouslyreserved

（寡言少语的）.Ariwasanythingbut.Hewasalivewire,givingmeanenthusiasticwelcomeandhikingwithmetohis

apartment,whereheshowedmethesleepersofa,servedmetea,andengagedmeinwarmconversations.Healsohanded

meakeytocomeandgoasIpleased.

Ifthiswaswhatcuuchsurfingwasallabout-trustandrriendship-thenIhadgol（eiioffloagoodstart..AsI

boardedmynexttraintocontinuemyjourney,Ibegantothinkaboutthiscouch-surfingidea.Whaturgedthesepeople

toopentheirhomestostrangers?Iconcludedthattherewasadesiretolendahandtolike-mindedfolkswhomight

enrichtheirownlives.

Sevencitiesin14days.Sevenhosts.Sevennewfriends.Ifcouchsurfingtaughtmeanything,it'sthis:Mostpeople

aregoodandgenerous.Wherewillcouchsurfingtakemenext?Whoknows?ButIcan'twaittofindout.

1、Whichofthefollowingbestexplains—intriguedIIunderlinedinthesecondparagraph?

A.Relaxed.B.Disgusted.

C.Interested.D.Embarrassed.

2、WhatcanweknowaboutAri?

A.HewasreservedlikemostFinns.B.Hetalkedlessbuthewasfriendly.

C.Hetreatedtheauthorasafriend.D.Hesawofftheauthoratthetrainstution.

3、Whydidpeopleoffercouchsurfingtostrangers?

A.Totakeanadventurewithstrangers.

B.Toexchangehousesforashorttime.

C.Tolearnmoreaboutothers,familylives.

D.Toenrichtheirownlivesbyhelpingothers.

4、Whatcanbethesuitabletitleforthetext?

A.TravelonTrustandCouchesR.AFre<»TravelinFinland

C.ExperiencesinStrangers'HousesD.APlanforCouchSurfing

24.（8分）wBirdsMandtfcairports^^aretwowordsthat,pairedtogether,don'tnormallypaintthemost

harmoniouspicture.SoitreallyraisessomeeyebrowswhenChinaannouncesplanstobuildanairportthatisforbirds.

Describedastheworld'sfirst-everbirdairport,theproposedLingangBirdSanctuary（保护区）inthenorthern

coastalcityofTianjinis,ofcourse,notanactualairport.Rather,it'sawetlandpreservespecificallydesignedto

accommodatehundreds-eventhousands-ofdailytakeoffsandlandingsbybirdstravelingalongtheEast

Asian-AustralianFlyway.Over50speciesofmigratory（迁徙的）waterbirds,someendangered,willstopandfeedatthe

protectedsanctuarybeforecontinuingtheirlongjourneyalongtheflyway.

Locatedonaformerlandfillsite,the150-acreairportisalsoopentohumantravelers.（Halfamillionvisitorsare

expectedannually.）However,insteadofduty-freeshopping*themainattractionfornxn-e哈lavingcrealuresat

Tianjin'snewestairportwillbeagreen-roofededucationandresearchcenter,aseriesofraised^observationplatforms”

andanetworkofscenicwalkingandcyclingpathstotalingover4miles.

“TheproposedBirdAirportwillbeagloballysignificantsanctuaryforendangeredmigiatoiybirdspecies,while

providingnewgreenlungsforthecityofTianjin."AdrianMcGregorofanAustralianlandscapearchitecturefirm

explainedofthedesign.Frequentlyblanketedinsmogsothickthatithasshutdownrealairports,Tianjinisa

city—China'sfourthmostpopulous---thatwouldcertainlybenefitfromanewpairofhealthygreenlungs,

1、Theunderlinedphraset4non-egg-layingcreatures”inParagraph3refersto?

A.Visitors.B.Designers.

C.Endangeredwaterbirds.D.Planes.

2、Whatdoweknowabouttheairportaccordingtothepassage?

A.Peoplecannotwatchbirdsupclosehere.

B.Itislocatedona150-acrelandfillsite.

C.Itfunctionsasanactualairportandawetlandpreserve.

D.Itprovidesmigratorybirdswithfoodandshelter.

3、Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Theairportwillbecomeapermanenthomeforbirds.

B.Tianjinwillwinworldwidefameinthefuture.

C.Tianjin'sairqualitywillimprovethankstotheairport.

D.Tianjinwillbeabletoaccommodatemorepeople.

4、Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?

A.Airport*««hiitdownandopenup.

B.ChinaistoopenthefirstBirdAirport.

C.Airportsturnintogreenlungs.

D.Birdsarenolongerenemiestoairports.

25.（10分）WhenIfirstgotane-mailaccounttenyearsago,Ireceivedcommunicationsonlyfromfamily,

friends,andcolleagues.NowitseemsthateverytimeIcheckmye-mail,Ihaveanendlessseriesofadvertisementsand

othercorrespondencethatdonotinterestmeatall.Ifwewante-mailtocontinuetobeuseful,weneedspecificlawsthat

makespamming（发送垃圾邮件）acrime.

Iflawmakersdonotdosomethingsoontoprohibitspam,theproblemwillcertainlygetmuchworse.Computer

programsallowspammerstosendhundredsofmillionsofe-mailsalmostinstantly.Asmoreandmoreadvertisersturn

tospamtoselltheirproducts,individuale-mailboxesareoftenfloodedwithspame-mails.Wouldpeoplecontinuetouse

e-mailiftheyhadtodealwithanannoyingamountofspameachtime?

Thisproblemistroublingforindividualsandcompaniesaswell.Manyspame-mailscontaincomputervirusesthat

canshutdowntheentirenetworkofacompany.Companiesrelyone-mailfortheiremployeestocommunicatewith

eachother.Spamfrequentlycausesfailuresintheirlocalcommunicationsnetworks,andtheiremployeesarethus

unabletocommunicateeffectively.Suchasituationresultsinalossofproductivityandrequirescompaniestorepeatedly

repairtheirnetworks.Thesecomputerproblemsraiseproductioncostsofcompanies,whicharc,intheend,passesonto

theconsumer.

Forthesereasons,Ibelievethatlawmakersneedtolegislate（立法）againstspam.Spammersshouldbefined,and

perhapssenttoprisoniftheycontinuetodisturbpeople.E-mailisatoolwhichhelpspc-oplcallovertheworldto

communicateconveniently,butspamisdestroyingthisconvenience.

1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“correspondence”inParagraph1probablymean?

A.messagesB.ideas

C.connectionsD.programs

2、Accordingtothetext,whatisthemajorcauseofthefloodingspam?

A.Companiesrelyone-mailforcommunications.

B.Morepeopleintheworldcommunicatebye-mail.

C.Manycomputervirusescontainspame-mail.

D.Moreadvertisersbegintopromotesalesthroughspam.

3、Accordingtotheauthor,whoisthefinalvictimofspam?

A.ThebusinessB.Theadvertiser

C.TheemployeeD.Theconsumer

4、Whatisthepurposeofthetext?

A.ToinformB.Toeducate

C.TopersuadeD.Toinstruct

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、

C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.

26.（30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并

在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Eormany,justtakingpartinasinglemarathonistheachievementofalifetime.ButforJulieWeiss,ithasbecomea___

Jroutine.Shehasrun12marathonsonceaweek—forthepastyearinmemoryofherdadwho2just35

daysafterhewas3withpancreaticcancer（胰腺癌）.WhenJulieWeisslostherfatherin2010,shewas4

tofindtheresearchforpancreaticcancerissoshortoffund.ultmademefeel5"shesaid,“IknewIhadtodo

something.*'

Sothismarathonqueen,6shecallsherself,didwhatshedidbest;shewentrunning.Havingcompleted25

marathonsduringthe7twoyears,Julienowvowed（发音）torun12marathonsin12weeksin8ofher

father.Afteraskingpeopleto9moneyforeachmarathon,she10awebsite,marathongoddess,com,to

collectmoneyforthePancreaticCancerActionNetwork（PANCAN）,anonprofitorganization.Juliebeganher

incredible11withamarathoninRomeandthenenteredaraceevery12insomecityacrossNorth

America.13leavingworkat5p.m.onFridayshewouldbereadytobeginthenextrace,beforeshe14

hometoCaliforniaonSunday.Juliefinishedher1,2.4-milejourneyinMarch2013,15morethan$200,00。in

theprocessforPANCAN.

Whilerunning,shestucktoastricttrainingschedule."Mybody'sgettingusedtothis.I'mchangingmydiet,becoming

morehealthyandlearningtorunmore16*'shesaid.Whenhermusclesbeganto17.shekepther18

inmind."Whenyoudowhatyoulove,forthoseyoulove,thatiswherethe19happen.Togetherwecanmake

a(n)20.andpavethewayforahappy,healthy,cancerfreeshesaid.

1、A.weeklyB.monthlyC.dailyD.yearly

2、A.passedbyB.passedawayC.diedoffD.diedout

3、A.connectedB.diagnosedC.treatedD.dealt

4、A.inspiredB.exhaustedC.interestedD.shocked

5、A.desirableB.helplessC.hopefulD.wishful

6、A.whileB.whatC.asD.since

7、A.previousB.preciousC.presentD.precise

8、A.searchR.needC.honorD.place

9、A.payB.donateC.makeD.earn

10、A.setupB.madeupC.heldupD.brokeup

IkA.experimentB.stageC.roadD.challenge

12、A.dayB.morningC.weekendD.weekday

13、A.AtB.ByC.WithD.On

14、A.partedB.leftC.headedD.missed

15、A.raisingB.earningC.spendingD.wasting

16、A.merrilyB.efficientlyC.specificallyD.casually

17、A.swellB.stressC.burnD.ache

18、A.strengthB.reliefC.motivationD.interest

19、A.miraclesB.accidentsC.storiesD.events

20、A.offerB.sacrificeC.promiseD.difference

第二节(每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料.在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

27.(15分)Asfewerpeoplechoosetomakesugarpaintings,thetraditionalChinesefolkcraftmighthavebecomea

L(distance)memoryinsomeways.However,a38-year-oldcraftsman,LiJianzhong,isdevotedto2^(keep)theartof

sugarpaintingalive.

Liworkedasaminerformorethantenyears.Afterminecloseddown,Liturned4.housingdecoralionuntil

he5.（force）togivethatupduetoafingerinjury.Earlierthisyear,hediscoveredsugarpainting,somethinghereally

hadaninterestin.

Sincetherewasnosugarpaintingcraftsmaninhisvillage.hestudiedby6.（he）throughlargequantitiesofvideos

andinformationontheInternet.Lilovedpaintingwhenhewasyoung,andhefounditeasytolearntheskillinsugar

painting.Hesoonmasteredtheskillandcouldmakea7.（vary）ofsugarpaintings,thusencouragingsomeofyoung

peoples,（follow）theexampleofhim.Craftsman9.（normal）paintanimalsandflowersonastoneboardwiththe

syrup（糖浆）.Whenthesugarcoolsdown,10.appearsisapieceofsugarart.

第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短义改错（满分10分）

28.（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,

每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

DearTom,

I'mmorethanhappierthatyou'reinterestedinChineseculture、NowletmetellyousomethingaboutaDragon

BoatFestival、

It'satraditionalChinesefestivalfallinginthe5thdayofthe5thmonthoftheChineselunarcalendar、It'swidely

believedthatthefestivalheldinmemoryofthegreatpoetQuYuan,wholivedinancienttimes、Disappointedwiththe

government,hedrownedhimintheMiluoRiver>

Thefestivaliscelebratedbyboatracing,withtheboatsbuildingintheshapeofdragons>Competingteamsrow

theirboatsforwardtothedrumbeat,racetoreachthefinishingendfirst、Wealsohavethecustomofeatingzongzi,

wrappedwithbambooleaf、It'sverypopularlyamongChinesepeople-,

IfyouwillwanttoknowaboutotherChinesetraditionalfestivals,justwritetome、

Yours,

LiHua

第二节书面表达（满分25分）

29.（25分）假定你是李华，作为交换生（anexchangestudent）正在英国学习。今天早晨你骑车上学时不小心刮擦到

了一辆停在路边的汽车。由于急着上学，你无法在原地等候车主。请留一张便条，内容包括：

1.表明身份

2.简述事情经过

3.道歉并表示愿意赔偿

4.联系方式(Tel:5893671E-mail:lihua(a))

注意：1.词数80左右

2.可适当墙加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考答案

第一部分(共20小题，每小题1.5分,满分30分)

1、B

2、D

3、B

4、A

5、B

6、D

7、B

8、A

9、D

10、D

11、I)

12、D

13、A

14、B

15、D

16、C

17、A

18、C

19、B

20、B

第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21、1、C

2、D

3、C

4、B

22>America'sbusinessesaregettingolderandfatter,whilemanynewbusinessesaredyingininfancy.

AstudylastmonthbytheBrookingsInstitutionfoundthattheproportionofolderfirmshasgrown

steadilyoverseveraldecades,whilethesurvivalrateofnewcompanieshasfallen.Inaddition,youngpeople

arestartingcompaniesatasharplylowerratethaninthepast.

AnewreportfromtheNationalAssociationofManufacturersshowsamajorcause:Thecostofobeying

governmentregulationshasrisentomorethan$2trillion（12.26trillionyuan）annually,or12percentofthe

GDP,andthiscostfallsdisproportionatelyonsmaller,newerbusinesses.

It,srisky,difficultandexpensivetostartabusiness,andgettingmoreso.Governmentsareimposing

variousnewrulesonaseeminglydailybasis:healthinsurance,minimumwageincreasesand,mostrecentlyin

California,compulsorypaidsickdaysforevenhourlyemployees.Theseregulationsshifthugesocialwelfare

costsdirectlyontooften-strugglingsmallbusinesses,whilebeingproportionallymuchlesscostlyforlarger

companies.

Thisispartlyanunintendedissueofresources-establishedcompaniescancopewithnewcostsmore

easily——butit'salsodeliberate.Forinstance,biginsurancecompaniesgotaseatatthetabletohelpwrite

Obamacare,butlesspoliticallypowerfulfirms—likemedicaldevicemanufacturers—gotsqueezed.

Mature,successfulcorporationscanemployex-lawmakerswithconnections,distributecampaign

contributionsandevenwriteregulationsforthemselves.Theyarealsomorelikelytowanttoprotectsteady

revenuestreamsthanrevolutionizetheirindustry.

Majorcompaniesthathavebeensoill-managedtheywouldotherwisecollapse—airlines,carcompanies

andbanks_staggci"（蹒跚）onbecausepoliticiansridetotherescuewithbagsoftaxpayermoney.

Thegeniusofouruniquesystemofgovernmentisthedeterminationtoprotectanddefendtherightsof

theindividualovertherightsofthenation.Assuch,theriseofawell-connectedoligarchy（寡头政治）that

protectsbigbusinessattheexpenseofsmallbusiness,andtheestablishedoverthenew,isoppositeto

Americanideals.

Incomeinequality—whichisdirectlycausedbyfaultygovernmentpolicy—isbeingpromotedasthe

reasontoimposemoreofthatbadpolicy.Butlet'sbeperfectlyclear,wedonothaveafreemarketbutone

wheregovernmentpickswinnersandlosersthroughregulationsandfinancialaids.

Politicsis,andalwayshasbeen,aboutbalancingcompetinginterestsseekingtobenefitthemselves,and

that'sasitshouldbe,buttheforceofgovernmentshouldneverbeusedtoreducecompetition,killinnovation

orsupportandextendartificialmonopolies（垄断）byharmingtheconsumer,thetaxpayerandtheeconomy.

Policymustbreedournewandsmallbusinessesorseetheas-yetundreamedofinnovationsthatcouldbeour

brightfuturedieininfancy.

2、Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.

A.overseveraldecades,newcompanieshavegrownsteadily

B.thecostofobeyinggovernmentregulat