目的论视角下的旅游外宣文本翻译研究-以清西陵为例英语论文

ContentsTOC\o"1-3"\h\u8212摘要 315362关键词 317620Abstract 31147Keywords 3100761.Introduction 422192.Literaturereview 5308762.1DefinitionofSkoposTheory 5225592.2TheoreticalFoundationsofSkoposTheory 5109472.3TheCurrentStudyofDomesticandInternationalResearchonSkoposTheory 686382.3.1CurrentstudyofdomesticresearchonSkoposTheory 6268262.3.2CurrentstudyofforeignresearchonSkoposTheory 7260163.Methodology 8141753.1ResearchQuestions 8283633.2ResearchSubjects 9292473.3ResearchMethods 970833.4Researchobjects 10126024.AnalysisoftheTranslationofWesternQingTombsTourismTextsBasedonSkoposTheory 11295724.1AnalysisofWordandSentenceTranslationofWesternQingTombsTourismTextsfromthePerspectiveofSkoposTheory 11149644.1.1Caseanalysisatthelexicallevel 11143794.1.2Caseanalysisatthesyntacticlevel 1350304.1.3Caseanalysisatthediscourselevel 17242614.2DiscussionofEffectiveness 1847134.2.1ClarifyingTranslationPurpose 19285214.2.2EnsuringTranslationConsistency 1930244.2.3PreservingOriginalMeaning 1927695.Conclusion 191502Acknowledgments 223704Appendix 23

目的论视角下的旅游外宣文本翻译研究:以清西陵为例摘要：近年来，中国经济的快速增长使世界愈发关注中国文化，旅游外宣文本成为文化传播的重要桥梁。作为中国古代皇家陵寝建筑的杰出代表，清西陵承载着厚重的历史底蕴与独特的文化价值，其旅游外宣文本以典雅庄重的语言风格，展现出深厚的文化内涵。本研究以目的论为理论框架，基于目的、连贯、忠实三大原则，对清西陵相关旅游外宣文本进行分析。通过案例分析，针对性提出增译文化背景、调整句式结构、注释文化负载词等策略。研究表明，这些策略有助于提升翻译质量，推动清西陵文化的国际传播，也为同类景点外宣翻译实践提供参考。关键词：目的论旅游外宣文本翻译研究清西陵StudyontheTranslationofTourismPublicityTextfromthePerspectiveofSkoposTheory:ACaseoftheWesternQingTombsAbstract:Inrecentyears,therapidgrowthofChina'seconomyhasmadetheworldpaymoreandmoreattentiontoChineseculture,andtourismpublicitytextshavebecomeanimportantbridgeforculturalcommunication.AsanoutstandingrepresentativeofancientChineseroyalmausoleumarchitecture,WesternQingTombscarriesathickhistoricalheritageanduniqueculturalvalue,anditstourismoutreachtextshowsdeepculturalconnotationswithanelegantandsolemnlanguagestyle.ThisstudyanalyzesthetourismoutreachtextsrelatedtotheWesternQingTombsbasedonthethreemajorprinciplesofpurpose,coherence,andfidelity,usingSkoposTheoryasthetheoreticalframework.Throughcasestudyanalysis,thestudyproposestargetedtranslationenhancement.Throughthecasestudy,strategiessuchasincreasingtheculturalbackground,adjustingsentencestructure,andannotatingculturalloadwordsareproposed.ThestudyshowsthatthesestrategiescanhelpimprovethetranslationqualityandpromotetheinternationaldisseminationofWesternQingTombsculture,andalsoprovidereferenceforthetranslationpracticeofsimilarattractions.Keywords:SkoposTheory;tourismpublicitytext;studyonthetranslation;WesternQingTombs1.IntroductionWithglobalization,tourismhasbecomeadynamicglobaleconomicsectorandakeydriverofcross-culturalexchange.China,richinhistoricalandculturaltourismresources,attractsworldwidevisitors.Itnotonlydriveseconomicdevelopment,butalsointroducesChineseculturetomoreforeignfriends,enhancesculturalinfluence,andpromotesexchanges,integrationanddevelopmentamongcultures.REF_Ref11533\r\h[1]TheWesternQingTombs,anoutstandingexampleofancientChineseroyalmausoleums,carryprofoundhistorical,cultural,andartisticvalues.Inthecontextofinternationaltourismdevelopment,effectivetranslationoftourismpublicitytextsiscrucialforattractingforeigntouristsanddisseminatinglocalculture.FortheWesternQingTombstogainglobalprominence,translationsmustbridgelanguageandculturalgaps,alignwithforeignreaders’habits,andconveyculturalessence.Thisstudy,groundedinSkoposTheory,aimstoanalyzethetranslationoftheWesternQingTomb’tourismpublicitytexts.Byexaminingthetexts’linguisticfeatures,culturalelements,andtargetaudienceneeds,andapplyingSkoposTheory’scoreprinciples,itidentifiestranslationissuesandproposesstrategiestoenhanceculturaldisseminationandtouristattraction.REF_Ref17254\r\h[2]Theoretically,itexpandsSkoposTheory’sapplicationintourismtranslation,deepeningunderstandingofthelinkbetweentranslationpurposesandstrategies.Practically,itofferstargetedtranslationstrategiestoboosttheWesternQingTombs’internationalappeal,promoteslocaltourism,andprovidesamodelforotherculturaltourismsites.Thisthesisconsistsoffiveparts:thefirstpartistheintroduction,whosemaincontentsare:introducingtheresearchbackground,thesignificanceoftheresearchandtheframeworkofthisthesis.ThesecondpartbelongstotheLiteratureReview,whichanalyzesindetailtherelevantliteratureonSkoposTheory,thetheoreticalfoundationsaboutSkoposTheory,andcombinestherelevantliteratureonSkoposTheorywiththeexistingdomesticandinternationalresearches.Thethirdpartintroducestheresearchproblem,researchobject,andresearchdirection.ThefourthpartexplorestheproblemsintheEnglishtranslationofWesternQingTombs’soutreachtextthroughcasestudyonthebasisofthetheoryofpurpose,andputsforwardtargetedsuggestions,andalsoelaboratesthroughexamples.ThefifthpartisasummaryoftheguidingsignificanceofSkoposTheoryinthetranslationoftourismoutreachtexts2.LiteraturereviewThissectionbeginswiththedefinitionandtheoryofSkoposTheory,summarizesitsapplicabilityintourismtexts,andthenanalyzesthecurrentstatusofdomesticandinternationaltranslationofWesternQingTombstourismtexts.2.1DefinitionofSkoposTheorySkoposTheory,proposedbyGermantranslationtheoristHansVermeerinthe1970s,isthecoreoffunctionalisttranslationtheory.Breakingfreefromthetraditional“reciprocity”paradigm,itviewstranslationasapurposefulinterculturalcommunication,with“purpose”atitsheart[3].Theintroductionof“Skopos,”aGreektermfor“purpose,”signalsashiftfromsource-languagetotarget-languagefunctionorientation.Nordnotedthattranslatorscanselectstrategiesbasedontranslationpurposes,highlightingthatSkoposTheoryemphasizestranslationgoalsovertheoriginaltext'sformandcontent[4].Thistheorycomprisesthreecoreprinciples.First,thepurposeprinciplepositsthattranslationpurposedictatesstrategies,withtheprimaryaimdeterminedbytheexpectedfunctionofthetranslatedtext.Differentpurposesleadtovariedstrategychoices,andtranslatorsmustconsiderthetext'suse,audienceneeds,andcontext[5].Second,thecoherenceprinciplerequiresthetranslatedtexttobeinternallycoherent,ensuringreadabilityandlogicalflowfortargetreaderswithintheirculturalandlinguisticcontexts.Third,thefidelityprinciplestressesacertaincorrelationbetweenthetranslatedandoriginaltexts.However,thisfidelityisrelative,subordinatetotranslationpurposeandintra-languagecoherence,meaningtranslationfaithfulnessdependsonthetranslationgoalandthetranslator’sunderstandingoftheoriginaltext[6].2.2TheoreticalFoundationsofSkoposTheorySkoposTheory’sformationisgroundedinFunctionalLinguisticsandCommunicationTheory,whichofferitmulti-dimensionalsupport.Functionallinguistics,epitomizedbyHalliday’sSystemicFunctionalGrammar,positslanguageasamulti-functionalsymbolicsystemwithconceptual,interpersonal,anddiscoursefunctions.InWesternQingTombs’tourismpublicitytexts,introducingthemausoleum'sarchitectureandhistoryexemplifiestheconceptualfunction;phraseslike“travelthroughthecenturiesandencountertheroyalsecretplace”fulfilltheinterpersonalfunctionbyforgingemotionalbondswithtourists;whilelogicalconnectivesandtemporalcluesorganizethetext,embodyingthediscoursefunction.SkoposTheoryborrowsfromthis,stressingthattranslatorsshouldconvertandreconstructthesefunctionsinthetargetlanguagebasedonsourcelanguageanalysisandtranslationpurposes.Communicationtheoryviewstranslationascross-culturalcommunication,emphasizingsender-receiverinteraction.Intourismtranslation,bridgingSino-Westerncultural,linguistic,andthinkinggapsiscrucial.Forinstance,translatingculturaltermslike“SacredPath”and“StoneStatueSheng”requiresmethodslikephonetictranslationwithannotationstoconveybackgroundknowledge,achievingeffectivecommunication.2.3TheCurrentStudyofDomesticandInternationalResearchonSkoposTheoryThechapterintroducestheconceptofSkoposTheoryandthenfurtherexploresthecurrentstateofthistheorybothdomesticallyandinternationally.2.3.1CurrentstudyofdomesticresearchonSkoposTheoryDomesticresearchonSkoposTheoryemergedrelativelylatebuthasdevelopedrapidlysinceitsintroductiontoChinainthelate1980s.Earlystudiesprimarilycenteredonintroducingthetheory’ssystem,wherescholarstranslatedandinterpretedforeignliterature,systematicallyexplainingitscoreconcepts,principles,andframework,layingafoundationforsubsequentresearch.Therearevariousmethodsoftranslation,andtranslatorscancombinethetranslationmethodsbythemselvesaccordingtotheactualrequirementstorestoretheculturalcharacteristicstothemaximumasmuchaspossible.Inviewoftheseproblems,thetranslationstrategiesproposedbasedonthetheoryofpurposeincludethemethodofincreasingtranslation,decreasingtranslation,Italiantranslation,andphonetictranslationwithnotes.REF_Ref11808\r\h[7]ScholarssuchasYuanSenusethetheoryofpurposetoanalyzetheEnglishtranslationoftourismtexts,proposingtheuseofthesequenceadjustmentmethodandthesupplementalinterpretationmethodundertheguidanceoftheprincipleofpurpose,andtheuseofthecombinedtranslationmethodundertheguidanceoftheprincipleofcoherence,inordertoimprovethequalityofthetranslatedtext.REF_Ref11913\r\h[8]Withtheadvancementofresearch,domesticscholarshaveincreasinglyintegratedSkoposTheoryintoChinesetranslationpractice,particularlyfocusingontourismoutreachtextsandachievingsignificantresults.FromtheperspectiveofSkoposTheory,theyhavethoroughlyanalyzedthefeatures,translationissues,andstrategiesrelatedtosuchtexts.Tourismoutreachtextsarecharacterizedbyinformativeness,whichpresentshistorical,geographical,andculturalknowledgeofattractions;inducement,whichstimulatesreaders’traveldesiresthroughvividlanguage;andculturality,whichreflectsrichlocalculturalelements.Nevertheless,currentdomesticresearchhaslimitations.SomestudiesoversimplifytheapplicationofSkoposTheory,relyingtooheavilyonthetheoreticalframeworkwithoutsufficientpracticalanalysis.Thepracticaloperabilityandeffectivenessofproposedtranslationstrategiesremaintobeverified.Additionally,whileinterdisciplinaryresearchhasbeeninitiated,itlacksdepth,andtheintegrationofdifferentdisciplinesrequiresfurtherenhancement.2.3.2CurrentstudyofforeignresearchonSkoposTheorySkoposTheoryoriginatedinGermany,withHansVermeerandKatharinaRiceasitsmainfounders.Theychallengedtraditionalsource-language-centeredtranslationtheories,positingthattranslationpurposedictatestranslationmethods.ChristianNordlaterintroducedthe“functionplusloyalty”principle,highlightingatranslator’sresponsibilitytomultiplepartiesduringtranslation.Otherscholars,likeDu,analyzedthetheory’sconcepts,rules,andimplications.Theyelaboratedonkeyideassuchasthedominanceoftranslationpurpose,coreterms,andbasicprinciples,whilealsoevaluatingthetheory’sprosandcons.REF_Ref12122\r\h[9]However,foreignresearchontranslatingChinesehistoricalandculturalattractionsliketheWesternQingTombsremainslimited.ThereisaneedtobetterconveyChineseculturalelementsandbalancetranslationpurposes,culturaldifferences,andtextfidelity.Additionally,withthegrowthofglobaltourismandcross-culturalexchanges,newtourismformsposefreshchallengesandopportunitiesfortourismtexttranslation,callingformorein-depthandexpansiveforeignresearch.MethodologyThischapterdescribestheresearchproblems,researchobjects,researchmethods,andresearchobjectivesinvolvedinthetranslationofWesternQingTombs’sforeignpropagandatexts,discussesrelatedresearchtopics,analyzesindetailsomeexamplesoftranslationoftourismtexts,andthoroughlyresearchesthecurrentproblemsinthetranslationofWesternQingTombs'stourismtexts.3.1ResearchQuestionsThisstudyfocusesonthetranslationpracticeofWesternQingTombstourismoutreachtextsundertheperspectiveofSkoposTheory,aimingtoaddressthefollowingcoreissues:First,whatarethespecificproblemsintheimplementationoftheprinciplesofpurpose,coherenceandfidelityinthecurrenttranslationofWesternQingTombstourismoutreachtexts?Howdotheseproblemsaffecttheattractivenessofthetextstoforeigntouristsandtheeffectofculturaldissemination?Forexample,inthetranslationofculturallyloadedwordssuchas“Shinto”and“stonestatue”,isthemessageineffectiveduetoinsufficientconsiderationofthecognitivebackgroundofthetargetaudience?Secondly,inviewoftheuniquehistoricalandculturalbackgroundofWesternQingTombsandthedemandoftheinternationaltourismmarket,undertheguidanceoftheprincipleofthetheoryofpurpose,howtomakethetranslationnaturalandfluentwhilekeepingthemeaningoftheoriginaltextunchangedorslightlychanged?Finally,takingtheprincipleofteleologyasaguide,howtounderstandtheculturaldifferencesbetweentheoriginalandthetranslatedtextbytakingthetranslationoftheWesternQingTombs’sarchitecturallayout,theroyalsacrificialcultureandothercharacteristiccontentsasanexample?3.2ResearchSubjectsThisstudytakestheWesternQingTombs’stourismoutreachwebpageasthecoreresearchobject,includingthehomepage,traveltips,scenicspotannouncements,newsinformationandotheronlinepromotionalmaterials.AsaroyalmausoleumcomplexoftheQingDynasty,theWesternQingTombscarriesrichhistoricalandculturalinformation,anditspublicitytexthasthetypicalcharacteristicsofculturalheritagetourismtext:thelanguagestyleissolemnandelegant,richin“mausoleumregulations”,“fengshuiconcept”andotherprofessionalterms;theculturalconnotationisprofound,involvingroyaletiquette,funeralsystem,architecturalaesthetics,etc.Thewebpageisacoreresearchobject.Thetexthasdeepculturalconnotations,involvingroyaletiquette,funeralsystem,architecturalaestheticsandotheraspects;thefunctionisclearlydefined,aimingtoshowthehistoricalvalueandculturalcharmoftheWesternQingTombstointernationaltourists,andattractthemtovisitthesite.Inaddition,thisstudyincorporatesthetargetaudienceintothescopeofthestudy,focusingontheforeigntouristgroupwithlimitedknowledgeofChineseculture.Byanalyzingtheculturalbackground,cognitivehabitsandtourismneedsofthisgroup,thecoreobjectivesoftranslationareclarified.Forexample,forEuropeanandAmericantouristswhofocusonlogicalreasoningandindividualexperience,thecausalexplanationofhistoricaleventsandthepersonalizedperspectiveofculturalphenomenashouldbestrengthenedinthetranslation;forAsiantouristswhohaveasenseofclosenesstoorientalcultures,theoriginalflavorsofculturalimagerycanberetainedappropriately,supplementedbyconciseandeasy-to-understandexplanations,soastoensurethatthetranslationstrategyisinlinewiththeneedsoftheaudience.3.3ResearchMethodsThisthesisemploysthreeresearchmethods—literatureresearch,textanalysis,andcasestudies—toexploreeffectivestrategiesfortranslatingtourismtextsoftheWesternQingTombs.Forliteratureresearch,databaseslikeChinaKnowledge,WebofScience,andJSTORareused.Bysearchingrelevantkeywords,academicmaterialsfromtranslationtheory,tourism,andculturalstudiesarecollected,exploringtheSkoposTheoryandtheresearchstatusofWesternQingTombs'tourismtexttranslation,thusestablishingatheoreticalbasis.Intextanalysis,existingtourismtextsoftheWesternQingTombs,includingattractionintroductionsandslogans,areexamined.GuidedbySkoposTheory,theyareanalyzedatlexical,syntactic,anddiscursivelevels.ThroughcomparingChineseandEnglishversions,translationstrategiesareidentifiedandevaluated.Bybenchmarkingwithexcellentcases,meritsanddemeritsofcurrenttranslationsaresummarized.Caseanalysisselectsrepresentativetranslationcases.BasedonSkoposTheory’sprinciples,originalandtranslatedtextsarecompared,highlightingtranslationissuesandderivingtargetedimprovementstrategiestoensurepracticalrelevance.3.4ResearchobjectsThisstudyfocusesonthethemeof“TranslationofTourismPublicityTextsunderthePerspectiveofSkoposTheory-TakingWesternQingTombsasanExample”.AsamausoleumcomplexoftheQingDynastyinChina,theWesternQingTombscarriesprofoundhistoricalandculturalvaluesanduniquearchitecturalcharms,anditstourismoutreachtextisanimportantmediumtoshowitscharacteristicstotheworldandattractinternationaltourists.However,duetothedifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglishlanguagesandcultures,thetranslationofitsoutreachtextsfacesmanychallenges.Takingthetheoryofpurposeasanentrypoint,thisstudyanalyzesthecharacteristicsofWesternQingTombs’tourismoutreachtexts,thecurrentsituationoftranslationandproblems,andsummarizesappropriatetranslationstrategies,aimingatprovidingtheoreticalbasisforimprovingthequalityofWesternQingTombs’tourismoutreachtextstranslation,andpromotingitsinternationalculturaldisseminationandtourismdevelopment.AnalysisoftheTranslationofWesternQingTombsTourismTextsBasedonSkoposTheoryBasedontheaboveissues,itcanbeseenthatSkoposTheoryiswellsuitedasaguidingtheorytoexplaintheroleintranslation.Inthischapter,thetheoryisputintopracticebyanalyzingtherelevantcasesthroughSkoposTheory,analyzingthemistakesandmakingsuggestions.4.1AnalysisofWordandSentenceTranslationofWesternQingTombsTourismTextsfromthePerspectiveofSkoposTheoryAscomponentsoflanguage,accuratetranslationofvocabularyandsentencesiscrucialforconveyingthemessageandculturalconnotationoftheoriginaltext.4.1.1CaseanalysisatthelexicallevelInthepracticeofvocabularytranslation,thetreatmentofculturallyloadedwordsoftenfaceschallenges.DuetothesignificantdifferencesbetweenChineseandWesterncultures,manyChinesewordscontainuniqueculturalconnotations,anddirecttranslationislikelytoresultinmissinginformationormisunderstanding.Inthefollowing,weanalyzethestrategiesandproblemsoflexicaltranslationthroughspecificcases.Example1Sourcetext:王气葱郁Targettext:WanggaslushTheEnglishtranslation“Wanggaslush”,fromateleologicalpointofview,adoptsthewayofphonetictranslationanddirecttranslation,although“Wanggas”isnotacommonexpressioninEnglish,butinordertoretaintheconceptofChineseculturalcharacteristicsintheoriginaltext.ThisapproachisinlinewiththeprincipleofpurposeinScopos'theory,whichprioritizestheculturalcommunicationgoalsoftourismtextsandaimstointerestforeigntouristsinChineseimperialculture.Example2Sourcetext:堪舆大臣Targettext:geomancyministerTranslatedas“geomancyminister”,thisrenderingeffectivelyconveystheprofessionalroleoftheseofficials.ItadherestothecoherenceprincipleasitintegratessmoothlyintotheEnglishtext,allowingreaderstounderstandthecontextoftomb-siteselection.ByusingatermfamiliarinWesternesotericculture,itbridgestheculturalgapwhileremainingfaithfultotheoriginalmeaning.Example3Sourcetext:乾坤聚秀之区Targettext:QiankunpolyshowareaThetranslation“Qiankunpolyshowarea”retainstheChineseterms“Qiankun,”whicharecentraltotraditionalChinesecosmology.Thistransliteration-basedapproachservesthepurposeofintroducinguniqueculturalconceptstoforeignaudiences,fulfillingthecultural-communicationgoaloftourismtranslation.Italsoshowssomeleveloffaithfulnesstotheoriginaltext'sculturalelements.Example4Sourcetext:畿辅Targettext:JifuTheEnglishtranslation“Jifu”isdirectlytransliteratedwithoutanyexplanation,because“畿辅”isauniquegeographicconceptinancientChina,andthereisnoexactequivalentinEnglish,sothetransliterationcanpreservetheculturalcharacteristicsoftheoriginaltext,andatthesametime,combinedwiththecontext,thereaderswillbeabletoMeanwhile,withthecontext,readerscanunderstandthatthegeneralmeaningistheareanearthecapital,whichisinlinewiththepurposeofculturaltransmission.Example5Sourcetext:风水大师Targettext:fengshuimasterRenderedas“fengshuimaster,”thistranslationusesanestablishedEnglishtermfortheChineseconceptoffengshui.ItadherestothecoherenceprinciplebyfittingnaturallyintotheEnglishtext.ItalsoshowsfaithfulnesstotheoriginalmeaningwhilefulfillingthepurposeofmakingthetextaccessibletoWesternreadersinterestedinChineseculturalpractices.Example6Sourcetext:君权神授Targettext:thedivinerightofkings“君权神授”embodiedthecoreconceptoffeudalruleinancientChina,emphasizingthesacrednessofthesourceoftheemperor'spower.Fromaskopostheoryperspective,thistranslationconveysthecoremeaningof“君权神授”moreaccurately,with“divineright”denotingthedivinerightand“ofkings”clarifyingtheattributionoftheright.IthelpsreadersunderstandthespecialconceptofthesourceofpowerinancientChinesefeudalrule,meetsthepurposeofculturalinformationtransfer,andenablesthetranslationtoeffectivelyconveythecoreconceptsoftheoriginaltext,whichisabetterversionofthetranslation.4.1.2CaseanalysisatthesyntacticlevelSentencetranslationnotonlyneedstoconveyinformationaccurately,butalsoneedstotakeintoaccountgrammaticalnormsandexpressionhabits.Inactualtranslation,thereareoftenproblemsthatthemessageisconveyedcompletelybutwithgrammaticalerrors,orthefluencyisaffectedbyhardanddirecttranslation.Inthefollowing,wewilldiscussthekeypointsofculturaltransmissioninsentencetranslationthroughspecificcases.Example7Sourcetext:雍正继位以后，按照封建社会子随父葬的埋葬制度，派堪舆大臣在东陵境内选择陵址Targettext:Afterheascendedthethrone,EmperorYongzheng,areinaccordancewiththefeudalsocietysonfather’sburialburialsystem,sendgeomancyministerselecttombsiteintheterritoryofDongling.Thetranslationaccuratelyconveysthemessageoftheoriginaltext,“inaccordancewiththefeudalsocietysonfather’sburialburialsystem”clearlyexplainsthesystemofburialofthesonwiththefatherandisfaithfultotheoriginaltextintermsofcontent.Itaccuratelytranslateskeyelementssuchas“Yongzheng”(YongzhengEmperor),“kanjiminister”(MinisterofGeomancy),and“dongling”(theterritoryoftheEastTombs).Italsoconveystheconceptofthefeudalfunerarysystemandensuresthatthebasichistoricalfactsaboutthesitingofthetombsarepreserved,inlinewiththerequirementoftheteleologytofaithfullyconveythecontentoftheoriginaltext,sothatreaderscanunderstandthefunerarysystemandYongzheng’sbehavioratthattime.Example8Sourcetext：“他们在给雍正的奏折中，称赞这里是‘乾坤聚秀之区，阴阳和会之所，龙穴砂水无美不收，形势理气诸吉咸备，山脉水法，条理详明，洵为上吉之壤’。”Targettext:TheyaretotheYongzheng'sMemorial,praisedhereis“Qiankunpolyshowarea,yinandYangand,Longxuesandwaternobeautiful,situationofQiZhuJiXianbei,mountainwater,organizedXiangming,Xunisauspicioussoil”.TheEnglishtranslationisbasicallyword-for-word,retainingalargenumberofwordsintheoriginaltextthatarecharacteristicoftraditionalChineseculture,suchas“Qiankun,”“yinandYang,”“Longxue”etc.Fromtheperspectiveofteleology,itconveystothegreatestextenttheculturalinformationoftheoriginaltextonthedescriptionoffengshuitreasure,conformstotheprincipleoffaithfulnessandcoherenceinteleology,andallowsEnglishreaderstohaveaccesstotheuniqueconceptsoffengshuiandrelatedterminologyinancientChina,whichcontributestothedisseminationandexchangeofculture.Example9Sourcetext:今泰宁山太平峪万年吉地，虽与孝陵、景陵相去百里，易州及遵化州地界与京师密迩，同居畿辅，并列神州，其地实未为遥远。Targettext:ThisTainingTaipingmountainvalleymillionyearsauspicious,althoughXiaoling,JingLingtoBarry,easytostateandZunhuastateboundariesandthecapitalclosenear,cohabitationJifulistedChina,therealisnotfaraway.Thetranslationconveysthecoremeaningoftheoriginaltext,whichisthatalthoughTaipingyuinTainingMountainisatacertaindistancefromtheXiaolingandJinglingTombsoftheEasternTombs,itisactuallynotfarawaybecauseofitslocationinrelationtothecapital.Thearticleadherestotheprincipleofcoherenceandmakesalogicalillustration,whichiscrucialforreaderstounderstandthedecision-makingprocessofthemausoleum’slocation,thusachievingtheinformationalpurposeofthearticle.Atthesametime,thearticleretainssomeculturallydistinctivevocabularysuchas“Jifu”.Example10Sourcetext:有的传说认为，雍正改诏篡位、弑兄屠弟。因为心中有鬼，所以死后不敢在父亲身旁建陵，故远离康熙，另辟陵区。Targettext:Thelegendsays,YongZhengchangedtheimperialusurper,killingbrotherbrotherTu.Becausethematrimony,soafterthedeathofthefather'ssidetobuildthetomb,sofarawayfromKangxi,anotherhill.ThetranslationconveysthegeneralcontentofthelegendandinformsEnglish-speakingreadersofafolktaleaboutYongzheng’screationofanalternativemausoleumarea.ItcanmakereadersunderstandthemeaningofthelegendthatYongzhengdarednotbuildamausoleumnearhisfatherKangXibecauseofcertainbehaviors,whichisinlinewiththeprincipleofthetheoryofpurposethatmakesthetranslationconveythemainmessageoftheoriginaltextandtheprincipleofcoherenceofthetranslation.Example11Sourcetext:“陵寝以风水为重，荫护以树木为先”，清代政府把树木看做是西陵建设的一项重要内容，自雍正始每年都拨专款绿化。Targettext:MausoleuminFengShui,sh