2025-2026学年北京市顺义区高三（上期）期末考试英语试卷（含答案）

第1页/共1页2026北京顺义高三（上）期末英语2026.1本试卷共12页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Iwaslabeledthe“bad”boyofaremotevillageinIndia,wheretheairalwayssmelledofripecashews(腰果).I____1____schoolandhungaroundwithother“bad”boys.NoonethoughtIwoulddoanythingworthwhilewithmylife.Butmymothervisualiseda____2____future.Shekneweducationwasmy____3____.Everymorning,whenIrefusedtogotoschool,she____4____meuntilIdressedandputonshoes,followedmerightuptothedooroftheclassroomandwatchedmeenter.____5____,herconstanteffortspaidoff.By12thgrade,IhadtakenagoodlookatmyselfandrealisedthelifeIwascreating—norespect,nofuture.Theserealisationsforcedmeto____6____thatmymotherwasright—educationwasmyonlywayout.Sincethen,Ibecameanearlybirdandstayedlateatschool.Istruggledtopassexamsandmygrades____7____.Finally,auniversityadmissionletterarrived.Fromthereonwards,things____8____.Universitywasanoceanofnewthoughts,whereeveryonehadclearlifegoals.Beinginthat____9____pushedmetothinkbigger,andIdecidedtopursueaPhD.Havingseenthehardshipsofcashewfarmersinmyvillage,Ichosethecashewnutasmyresearchsubjecttoimprovetheirlivesbyfindingbettersolutionsforproduction.Nowmyresearchreceivesglobalrecognition.Theformer“badboy”finallygrewintoasuccessthroughthepowerof____10____.1.A.started B.missed C.skipped D.finished2.A.different B.familiar C.difficult D.distant3.A.burden B.faith C.escape D.desire4.A.ignored B.hurried C.comforted D.praised5.A.Initially B.Particularly C.Surprisingly D.Fortunately6.A.admit B.imagine C.predict D.claim7.A.cameout B.bouncedback C.inchedup D.leveledoff8.A.faded B.continued C.folded D.changed9.A.process B.atmosphere C.system D.location10.A.habit B.confidence C.passion D.knowledge第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Weallknowweshouldexercisemore,butthebiggestbarrierformanyisfeelinglikewejustdon’thaveanhour____11____(spare).Ifyou’veeverfeltguiltyaboutinactivityorstruggledwithtime____12____(manage),“Snacktivity”maybetheanswer.It____13____(involve)“exercisesnacks”—brief,intentionalbursts(爆发)ofmovementlastingfiveminutesorless,likestair-climbing,whichcaneasilyfindaplaceineventhebusiestday.B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Overthelasthalfcentury,sharkandray(鳐)populations____14____(drop)71percent,largelyduetoincreasedfishingpressure.Thisisn’tjustbadnewsforsharks—itthreatensthebalanceofentireoceanecosystems.Bytargetingweakfish,sharkshelpkeepschoolsstrongand,inturn,supportoceanhealth.Sharksalsohelpkeepmorecarbon____15____(store)deepwithintheocean,whichhumanactivitiesarereleasing____16____theatmosphere,fuelingclimatechange.C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Myunderstandingoffriendshipwastransformedin2024,____17____ImetSam.WewerebothnewtoMiddleSchool,eachcarryingthevarious____18____(anxiety)offacinganewenvironment.Ourinitialencounterwasasordinaryasanycouldbe,butitwasinthatsimplicitythattheseedsofourfriendship____19____(sow).Asdaysturnedtoweeks,wesharedourdreamsandlaughedoversillyjokes,____20____(find)comfortineachother’scompany.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThePolyUSummerInstituteisyourgatewaytoexploreanimmersive(沉浸式的)universityexperienceatPolyU.YouwillengageinaseriesoffunactivitiesledbyPolyUstudentleadersandexplorethedynamiccampuslife.BybeingpartoftheSummerInstitute,studentswill:●Engageinday-longattachmentprogrammesofferedbyPolyUschoolsattheirchoice●Experienceourresidentialhalllife●ExperiencePolyU’sinteractiveteachingandlearningthroughvariouscredit-bearingandnon-credit-bearingcourses●Gainfirst-handinsightsformakinginformedchoicesforfuturestudiesTheSummerInstituteisdesignedforSecondary4andSecondary5students,scheduledforlateJuly2026duringyoursummerholiday.In2026,thereareseveralengagingmodesofparticipation:i)A5-day4-nightresidentialcamp;and/orii)Avarietyofone-weekcredit-bearingandnon-credit-bearingcoursesDetailswillbeannouncedinduecourse.Pleasestaytunedforourupdates!Ifyouareinterestedinjoininginouractivities,pleaseprovideyourinformationtousthroughthelinkhere.SharingfromaParticipant“ThePolyUresidentialcampwasanamazingopportunitytoexperienceuniversitylifeinpersonandgaininsightsintoourchosenindustry.Thoughitlastedonlyafewdays,itwasmorethanjustacamp—itwasaboutbondingwithpassionatestudentsfromaroundtheworld,becomingindependent,andtakingresponsibilityforourfutures.Specialthankstomygroupleadersandteammatesformakingthissummerremarkable!”JessicaMa,SIParticipant202521.IntheSummerInstitute,studentswill_________.A.designattachmentprogrammes B.arrangecampusaccommodationC.getpracticaltipsforfuturecareers D.attendinteractiveuniversitycourses22.TojointheSummerInstitute,oneisrequiredto_________.A.submitpersonalinformationonline B.signupfortheresidentialcampC.graduatefromsecondaryschool D.earncreditsfromthecourses23.WhatdoesJessicaMamainlyshareasaparticipant?A.Herstoryinthecamp. B.Hergainsfromthecamp.C.Herreasonsforjoiningthecamp. D.Hergratitudetothecampleaders.BIwasatworkwhenithappened.Outoftheblue,bam!Dizzinessstruck,extremeandsudden.Mystomachwasupset,andthen,myrighteyewentdark.Panicrosethroughme.“AmIdying?”Itwasliketheveryfoundationofmylifecracked(破裂)beneathme.Laidupinthathospitalbed,Iwasdepressed,mymindcrowdedwithworries.Whataboutmyfamily?Iwastheirbreadwinner;theyneededme.Andsuddenly,Iwastheoneneedingsupport.Icamehomeinawheelchair.Itwaslikewakingupinahouseafterastorm,everythingfamiliaryetbrokeninsomeway.Iwasleftnotbeingabletowalk,withconstantdizzinessandproblemswithmyhands.Thankfullymyfamilywasmyrock,readytorebuildwithme.Withphysicaltherapy(治疗)andsupportfrommywifeandkids,Iworkedonrelearningtowalkandusingmyhandsagain.Mysonwouldplayfullymovemywalker,challengingmetowalkfurther.Mywifewasmybalance,literallyandfiguratively.ItwasinleaningonthemthatIfirstrealizedrecoverywasn’tsomethingIcouldcarryalone.Ihadtocomeupwithawaytoprovideformyfamily.IwantedtobesuretheyhadahomeifIwasn’there.Nottohavetoworryaboutrent.Onenight,Isharedathoughtwithmywife,“Whataboutbuyinganoldhouse?Ourownplace,asafetynetforyouandthekids.”Shehesitated,worryinhereyes,butshebelievedinthedream.Thatrun-downhouseweboughtfor$8,000—Itneededatonofwork.AsIlearnedtodealwithmydisabilities,weslowlyreworkedthehouse.Thiswasn’tjustaproject;itwasourpathtorecovery.Threeandahalfyearslater,wehavemovedintoourhome.Wehavealongwaytogoandcontinuetofacemanychallengesastheseasonschange.Still,togetherwe’vemadeitthisfar.Foranyoneouttherefeelingtheirlife’sfoundationsshaking,knowthis:thecrackscanberepaired.Whateverthingsareputinyourway,theyarenotends,justplaceswhereyouhavetochangeyourpath.24.Duringhishospitalstay,whatwastheauthor’smajorconcern?A.Hisfamily’sfuture. B.Hishealthcondition.C.Hisstandinginthefamily. D.Hisfamily’sattitudetowardshim.25.Whydidtheauthorsuggestbuyinganoldhouse?A.Tohelphiswifeachieveherdream. B.Tofindawaytocutdownontherent.C.Toprovideasecureshelterforhisfamily. D.Toimprovetheircurrentlivingconditions.26.Howdoestheauthorfeelaftermovingintothehouse?A.Hopeful. B.Relaxed. C.Aimless. D.Anxious.27.Whatdoestheauthor’sexperienceshow?A.Whatgoesupmustcomedown. B.Don’tputallyoureggsinonebasket.C.Whenonedoorcloses,anotheropens. D.Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush.CToday’sbestartificialintelligence(AI)modelssailthroughtheTuringtest,afamousthoughtexperimentthataskswhetheracomputercanpassasahumanbyinteractingthroughtext.Someseeanupgradedtestasanecessarystandardforprogresstowardsartificialgeneralintelligence(AGI)—anuncleartermusedbymanytechnologyfirmstomeananAIsystemwiththeresourcefulnesstomatchanyhumancognitive(认知的)ability.Butatanacademiceventon2October,severalresearcherssaidthattheTuringtestshouldbeabandonedaltogether,andthatdevelopersshouldinsteadfocusonevaluatingAIsafetyandbuildingspecificcapabilitiesthatcouldbeofbenefittothepublic.“TheideaofAGImightnotbetherightgoal,atleastnotnow,”saidGaryMarcus,aneuroscientist.ThisdoubtisrootedinthefundamentallimitationsofcurrentAI,whichareoftenoptimizedversionsoflargelanguagemodels(LLMs).InMarch,researcherstestedfourchatbotsinaversionoftheTuringtest,andfoundthatthebestmodelspassed.Yetthefactthatchatbotscanimitate(模仿)speechcrediblydoesnotmeanthattheycanunderstand,saidseveralresearchersattheevent.AlthoughLLMresponsescanbesurprisinglyhuman,“whenyougooutsidetheboxofwhatyounormallyaskofthesesystems,theyhavealotoftrouble”,saidMarcus.Asexamples,hecitedtheinabilityofsomemodelstolabelthepartsonanelephantcorrectly,ortodrawclockhandsinanywherebutthetenandtwopositions.Forthisreason,modelscouldstillfailtheTuringtestiftheyarechallengedbyascientistwhoknowstheirweaknesses.ShannonVallor,anAIethicist(伦理学家),arguedthatthefocusonAGIisadistractionthatallowstechfirmstoignorepotentialharmsofthetechnology,suchasde-skillinghumans,producingfalseandnegativeimaginationsanddeepeningexistingprejudicesinthedataLLMslearnfrom.Ratherthanintelligencestandards,modelsshouldcompeteonsafetymeasures,“alongwiththetestofhoweasyitistoabusethetoolandhowlikelythetoolistodosomethingunexpectedandundesirableinareal-worldcontext”,shesaid.WilliamIsaac,whoresearchesAIuseinpublicpolicybroadlyagreed;theTuringtestofthefutureshouldquestionwhetheranAIissafe,reliableandprovidesmeaningfulbenefit.28.WhatdoestheauthorintendtodobymentioningAGIinParagraph2?A.Clarifyaconcept. B.Highlightaproblem.C.Makeaprediction. D.Justifyacomparison.29.WhatcanwelearnaboutLLMsfromthispassage?A.Theyhavehuman-likeunderstanding.B.TheysucceedinupgradedTuringtests.C.Theyoutperformhumansinresponsiveness.D.Theyneedtobedevelopedforthepublicgood.30.Asfortechfirms’currentpractices,ShannonValloris________.A.appreciative B.doubtful C.cautious D.critical31.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.ThefunctionsofcurrentAI.B.TheproposalofanewAItest.C.AshiftinthefocusofAIresearch.D.AdebateonthetestperformanceofAI.DInitially,therailwaysexperiencedaperiodofrapidexpansion,butsincethemid-twentiethcentury,railwaydevelopmentinmostcountrieshashitthebuffers.It’stimetoturnthetables,andacknowledgethevastbenefitsofrailwaysasacornerstoneofasustainabletransportsystemthatcansupporthumandevelopmentandeconomicgrowth.AccordingtotheInternationalEnergyAgency,transportcurrentlyaccountsforaroundone-quarterofglobalCO2emissions(排放).Between1990and2022,thoseemissionsgrewby1.7%ayear—anincreasegreaterthanthatofanypartbesidesindustry—asmorepeopleinmorepartsoftheworldbecamemoremobile.Over90%oftheenergyusedtopowertransportcomesfromfossil(化石的)fuels.Thosefiguresalonejustifyarenewedfocusonrailtransport.Perpassengerkilometre,itproducesone-fifthoftheemissionsofcartransport,andlessthanone-quarterofthoseofflying.Directemissionscanbecuttozeroiftrainsarepoweredbyfullyrenewableelectricity.Railtransportalsocontributeslittleinthewayofairpollutingemissions,whichareahealththreat.Thisisparticularlyimportantinarapidlyurbanizingworld.Betterrail-basedmass-transportoptionscouldhelptoreduceurbanexpansion,aswellasthelandneededforroads,carparksandothercar-relatedsystemsandservices.Less-crowdedcitieswithfewermotorvehiclesaremoreliveableplaceswherepeopletendtowalkandcyclemore,gainingthehealthbenefitsoftheseactivities.Theyarealsomoreinclusive,particularlyforyoungerandolderpeoplewhoarelesslikelytoownavehicle.Asbothurbanizationandaveragepopulationdensity(密度)grow,researchshowsthattherearemoreeconomicbenefitsofinvestmentinrailthanthoseofinvestmentinroads.Butitisnotjustcities.Researchshowsthatcutstorailservicesinruralareashaveresultedinpopulationdecline,joblosses,andadropinskilledworkers.Onewayresearchcanhelptogetthingsbackontrackisbybroadeningthestandardgovernmentsusetoassessrailwayinvestment.Researchcanalsopresentthewinnersandloserscreatedbyinvestmentdecisions.Inshort,turningaroundtheignoringofatechnology,whichhasnotonlychangedtheworldbutcouldalsosavetheplanet,isacriticalpriorityofourtime.32.Whatdoesthephrase“hitthebuffers”underlinedinParagraph1probablymean?A.Comeintofocus. B.Runintoabarrier.C.Createdinconvenience. D.Reachedastablestate.33.Whatcanwelearnaboutrailtransportfromthispassage?A.Itcandriveurbanandruralpopulationdecline.B.Itcanachievesignificantbenefitsininvestment.C.Itcanpromotethewell-beingofurbanresidents.D.Itcanbecomeamajorsourceofcarbonemissions.34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AnIdealReplacementforCarsandPlanesB.MakeTrainsGreatAgainforOurPlanetC.AGoodProductofModernTechnologyD.MakeTrainsanUrban-RuralBridge第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whydosomepeopleseemendlesslycuriouswhileotherspreferthecomfortofthefamiliar?Weoftenthinkofcuriosityas,astablepersonalcharacteristic,partofwhatmakeseachpersonunique.____35____AnewstudypublishedinEvolutionaryBehavioralSciencesarguesthatcuriosityevolves(进化)withourenvironment.Forbothhumansandanimals,curiositymotivatesinformationseeking.Exploringnewplacesorunderstandingothers’behaviorallprovideknowledgethatcanimprovesurvivalandreproduction.Butexplorationalsoinvolvesrisk.Searchingforsomethingnewconsumestimeandenergyandmayexposeonetofailureorharm.____36____Insecure,resource-richcontexts,thecostoffailureislow,andthelong-termbenefitsofinformationarehigh.Incontrast,inunpredictableenvironments,curiositycanbecostly.____37____Participantscompletedameasureofcuriosity,coveringfivedimensions.Theresearchersalsomeasuredparticipants’socioeconomicstatus(地位)(SES),bothcurrentandduringchildhood.TheresultsshowedthathighercurrentSESpredictedhighercuriosity,whilechildhoodSESshowedlittleeffect.Thissuggeststhatcuriosityisnotfixedearlyinlifebutremainsflexible,respondingdynamicallytocurrentecologicalconditions.Authorsinterpretcuriosityasabehavioralflexibilitythatallowsindividualstoadjusttotheirenvironments.Ratherthanbeingafixedcharacteristic,curiositymayturnupwhenconditionsarestableandsafe,andturndownwhenuncertaintymakesexplorationcostly.____38____Monkeys,birds,andevenbeesexploremoreinsafe,resource-richsettings.Interestingly,thefindingsalsosuggestafeedbackcycle,Whileeconomicstabilitymayencouragecuriosity,curiosityitselfcandriveeconomicgrowth.Peoplewhoaremorecuriousoftenacquiremoreknowledgeandskills,andseeknewopportunities—allofwhichcanimproveeconomicoutcomes,____39____A.Thesamepatternappearsacrosstheanimalkingdom.B.Whentheeconomyisstable,thecostofexplorationremainsuncertain.C.Theresearchersinthisstudytestedthisideausingdatafrom962adults.D.Yetrecentevidencesuggestsitmaybefarmoreflexiblethanwerealize.E.Overtime,curiosityandeconomicsuccessmayfueloneanothercontinually.F.However,theresearchersfindthatcuriosityhasdifferenteffectsonhumansandanimals.G.Behavioralecologypredictsthatexplorationshouldthereforevarywithenvironmentalconditions.第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Repetition,thatis,doingthesamethingrepeatedly,isessentialforlearningandmasteringnewskills.Itisthepathwaytosuccessinanyfield.Examplesfromtheworldofsportsandmusicillustratethisprinciple.Evenolderadultscanbenefitfromtaskrepetitiontoimprovetheirworkingmemoryperformance.Repetitionbuildshabits.Asyourepeatsomethingoverandoveragain,itbecomesrootedinyoursubconscious,allowingyoutoactonitwithoutconsciouseffort.Whetheryou’relearningtoplayaninstrument,speakanewlanguage,orexcelatasport,repetitioniskeyforbuildingmusclememoryandimprovingyourperformance.Familiarityisthebasicsourceofpsychologicalandsocialstability.Themereexposureeffectsuggeststhatfamiliarityleadstoliking.Manysensoryexperiences(e.g.coffeeormusic),withrepeatedexposure,canbecomeincreasinglypleasant.Repetitionisakeyelementinmusic.Inlisteningtomusic,theexpectationisthatwewillencounterrepetitionandthatitwillbeasourceofpleasure.Repetitioninmusiccanbeamotif(主旋律)repeatedthroughoutacompositionorafavoritesongplayedagainandagain.Arepeatedmusicalmotifcanbuildpleasurableexpectationsinthelistener.Infact,ifeverymeasureofamelody(旋律)iscompletelydifferentfromallthepreviousmeasures,themelodywillbedifficulttoremember.Insum,repetitioniswhatwetellourselvesgrowingup:Nomatterwhatyoudo,justkeeppracticing.Byadoptingrepetitionasanessentialpartofyourpersonalgrowthjourney,youcanmakeconsistentprogresstowardyourgoalsandachievethesuccessyoudesire.40.Whatcantaskrepetitionhelpolderadultsdo?_________________________________________________________________________41.Whatdoesthemereexposureeffectshow?_________________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Inlisteningtomusic,ourpleasurableexpectationscomefromdifferentmeasuresofamelody._________________________________________________________________________43.Howdoesrepetitionhelpyouinyourdailylife?(Inabout40words)_________________________________________________________________________第二节（20分）44.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国好友Jim所在学校正在开展以“ArtConnectstheWorld”为主题的艺术作品征集活动。他打算参加，为此发来邮件，就作品形式及内容询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：1.提出的建议；2.建议的理由。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________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