2026年英语能力测试语法结构分析练习题

2026年英语能力测试语法结构分析练习题Part1:选择题（单句改错）说明：下列句子中各有一处语法错误，请选出并改正。每题2分，共10题。1.Shedon’tlikereadingbooksbecauseshethinkit’sboring.-错误：don’t→doesn’t-改正：Shedoesn’tlikereadingbooksbecauseshethinksit’sboring.2.IfIhadmoretime,Iwouldtraveltheworld.-无错误。3.Thecompanyhirenewemployeeseverysummertoimproveproductivity.-错误：hire→hires-改正：Thecompanyhiresnewemployeeseverysummertoimproveproductivity.4.Neitherthemanagernorthestaffareavailableforthemeeting.-错误：are→is-改正：Neitherthemanagernorthestaffisavailableforthemeeting.5.Hehasbeenworkingonthisprojectsincelastmonth.-无错误。6.Bothofthestudentsortheteacherwenttotheconference.-错误：or→and-改正：Bothofthestudentsandtheteacherwenttotheconference.7.Althoughitwasraining,theycontinuetoplayfootball.-错误：continue→continued-改正：Althoughitwasraining,theycontinuedtoplayfootball.8.MybrotheristallerthanIam.-无错误。9.Thecommitteedecidetopostponethedecisionuntilnextweek.-错误：decide→decides-改正：Thecommitteedecidestopostponethedecisionuntilnextweek.10.ShewasborninShanghaibutshespeakEnglishwithaslightaccent.-错误：speak→speaks-改正：ShewasborninShanghaibutshespeaksEnglishwithaslightaccent.Part2:句型转换说明：下列句子按要求改写，每题3分，共5题。1.原句：Thecompanywilllaunchanewproductnextmonth.改为被动语态：Anewproductwillbelaunchedbythecompanynextmonth.2.原句：Hehasfinishedhisreport.改为现在完成进行时：Hehasbeenfinishinghisreport.3.原句：Shecan’tswimwell.改为否定式被动语态（假设主语是water）：Shecan’tbeswumwell.注：此题较难，可根据考生水平调整难度。4.原句：Theywenttothemeetingbycar.改为不定式作主语：Togotothemeetingbycarwastheirplan.5.原句：Themanagertoldhimtoleaveearly.改为直接引语：Themanagersaidtohim,“Youshouldleaveearly.”Part3:语法填空说明：下列句子中有空白处，请根据上下文和语法规则填入恰当的单词。每题3分，共5题。1.Ifyou______(work)harder,youwillpasstheexam.-填入：worked-解析：虚拟语气条件句，主句用一般过去时。2.Theproject______(complete)bytheendofthismonth.-填入：willbecompleted-解析：被动语态将来时。3.NeithertheemployeesnortheCEO______(agree)withtheproposal.-填入：agrees-解析：就近原则，谓语动词与最邻近的主语（CEO）一致。4.Sheistheonlyperson______(know)thesecret.-填入：whoknows-解析：定语从句，先行词指人，用关系代词who。5.Bythetimetheyarrived,thetrain______(alreadyleave).-填入：hadalreadyleft-解析：过去完成时，动作发生在过去某一时间之前。Part4:短语搭配与固定用法说明：下列句子中画线部分是固定搭配或习惯用法，请解释其含义或用法。每题4分，共5题。1.Thecompanyistryingtocutdownoncosts.-含义：减少开支。-用法：动词+介词短语，表示“削减”。2.Heisonthelookoutfornewopportunities.-含义：寻找机会。-用法：固定短语，表示“密切关注”。3.ThereportisduebyFriday.-含义：截止日期。-用法：固定搭配，表示“到……为止”。4.SheiskeenonlearningEnglish.-含义：热衷于。-用法：形容词+介词，表示“对……有热情”。5.Theprojectisoffthegroundnow.-含义：启动成功。-用法：固定短语，表示“开始实施”。Part5:语法综合题说明：下列句子中包含多个语法考点，请分析并改正错误。每题5分，共3题。1.原句：HehaslivedinShanghaiforfiveyearsandheisusedtotheweatherthere.分析：前半句用现在完成时，后半句用usedto，时态不一致。改正：HehaslivedinShanghaiforfiveyearsandhasbecomeusedtotheweatherthere.注：或改为并列句：HehaslivedinShanghaiforfiveyears,andheisaccustomedtotheweatherthere.2.原句：Theteammustworktogetheriftheywanttosucceedintheproject.分析：虚拟语气条件句中，主句动词形式错误。改正：Theteammustworktogetheriftheywanttosucceedintheproject.注：或改为：Theteammustworktogethersothattheycansucceedintheproject.3.原句：Neitherthecustomersnorthesupplieragreewiththeterms,butthemanagerthinkit’sfair.分析：谓语动词与主语不匹配，且并列结构错误。改正：Neitherthecustomersnorthesupplieragreewiththeterms,butthemanagerthinksit’sfair.答案与解析Part1:选择题（单句改错）1.don’t→doesn’t；主语是She（第三人称单数），助动词需加-s。2.无错误。3.hire→hires；主语是Thecompany（单数），动词需加-s。4.are→is；Neither...nor...结构中，谓语动词与最邻近的主语（thestaff）一致。5.无错误。6.or→and；Both...and...结构中，谓语动词用复数。7.continue→continued；Although引导的让步状语从句中，主句用过去时，从句需用过去完成时。8.无错误。9.decide→decides；主语是Thecommittee（单数），动词需加-s。10.speak→speaks；主语是She（第三人称单数），动词需加-s。Part2:句型转换1.Anewproductwillbelaunchedbythecompanynextmonth.2.Hehasbeenfinishinghisreport.3.Shecan’tbeswumwell.（或改为主动语态：Watercan’tswimherwell.）4.Togotothemeetingbycarwastheirplan.5.Themanagersaidtohim,“Youshouldleaveearly.”Part3:语法填空1.worked；虚拟语气条件句，主句用一般过去时。2.willbecompleted；被动语态将来时。3.agrees；就近原则，谓语动词与最邻近的主语（CEO）一致。4.whoknows；定语从句，先行词指人，用关系代词who。5.hadalreadyleft；过去完成时，动作发生在过去某一时间之前。Part4:短语搭配与固定用法1.cutdownoncosts→减少开支；动词+介词短语，表示“削减”。2.onthelookoutfor→寻找机会；固定短语，表示“密切关注”。3.dueby→截止日期；固定搭配，表示“到……为止”。4.keenon→热衷于；形容词+介词，表示“对……有热情”。5.offtheground→启动成功；固定短语，表示“开始实施”。Part5:语法综合题1.HehaslivedinShanghaiforfiveyearsandhasbecomeusedtotheweatherthere.解析：前半句用现在完成时，后半句用现在完成时态的固定搭配hasbecomeusedto。2.Theteammustworktogetheriftheywanttosuc