小学英语时态专项训练

小学英语时态专项训练时态是英语语法的基石，也是小学阶段英语学习的重点和难点。掌握正确的时态，不仅能帮助孩子们准确理解句子含义，更能让他们在口头和书面表达中做到条理清晰、表达准确。本专项训练旨在通过系统梳理小学阶段核心时态，结合实例解析与针对性练习，帮助孩子们构建清晰的时态概念，提升英语综合运用能力。一、一般现在时(SimplePresentTense)1.含义与用法一般现在时主要用于表示：*经常性或习惯性的动作：如每天做的事情、每周的活动等。*客观事实或普遍真理：如自然现象、科学常识等。*主语具备的性格、能力或特征。2.构成*主语+动词原形(V.)(当主语是第一人称I/we,第二人称you,及第三人称复数they/名词复数时)*主语+动词第三人称单数形式(V.-s/es)(当主语是第三人称单数he/she/it或单个名词时)动词第三人称单数变化规则：*一般情况下加-s：play→plays,eat→eats*以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的动词加-es：pass→passes,watch→watches,go→goes,wash→washes*以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i再加-es：study→studies,fly→flies(元音字母加y结尾的动词直接加-s：play→plays)3.常用时间标志词often,usually,always,sometimes,everyday/week/month/year,onSundays,inthemorning/afternoon/evening等。4.否定句与疑问句*否定句：在动词前加don't(主语非三单)或doesn't(主语三单，原动词还原)。*Idon'tlikeapples.*Shedoesn'tgotoschoolonweekends.*一般疑问句：句首加Do(主语非三单)或Does(主语三单，原动词还原)，句末用问号。*Doyouoftenplayfootball?*Doeshegetupearly?5.专项练习(一)A.用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Myfatherusually______(read)newspapersafterdinner.2.They______(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.3.Thesun______(rise)intheeast.4.I______(like)icecreamverymuch.5.She______(study)Englisheveryevening.B.按要求改写句子。1.TomplaysbasketballeverySaturday.(改为否定句)Tom____________basketballeverySaturday.2.TheywatchTVintheevening.(改为一般疑问句)______they______TVintheevening?二、现在进行时(PresentContinuousTense)1.含义与用法现在进行时主要用于表示此时此刻正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示现阶段正在进行的动作（说话时不一定正在进行）。2.构成主语+am/is/are+动词现在分词(V.-ing)动词现在分词变化规则：*一般情况下加-ing：do→doing,sing→singing*以不发音的e结尾的动词，去e加-ing：take→taking,make→making*以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写该辅音字母再加-ing：run→running,swim→swimming,sit→sitting3.常用时间标志词now,look!,listen!,atthemoment,thesedays等。4.否定句与疑问句*否定句：在am/is/are后加not。*Iamnot(I'mnot)reading.*Heisnot(isn't)playingfootball.*一般疑问句：将am/is/are提到句首。*Areyoulistening?*Isthebirdsinginginthetree?5.专项练习(二)A.用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Listen!Someone______(sing)inthenextroom.2.Mymother______(cook)dinnernow.3.They______(play)basketballontheplaygroundatthemoment.4.I______(do)myhomework.Don'tdisturbme.5.Look!Thecat______(run)afteramouse.B.选择填空。()Mybrother______TVeveryevening,butnowhe______books.A.watch;readB.watches;isreadingC.iswatching;reads三、一般过去时(SimplePastTense)1.含义与用法一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。2.构成*主语+动词过去式(V.-ed)动词过去式变化规则：*规则变化：*一般情况下加-ed：work→worked,play→played*以不发音的e结尾的动词加-d：live→lived,like→liked*以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i再加-ed：study→studied,cry→cried*以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写该辅音字母再加-ed：stop→stopped,plan→planned*不规则变化：需特殊记忆，如go→went,eat→ate,see→saw,do→did,is/am→was,are→were,have/has→had。3.常用时间标志词yesterday(morning/afternoon/evening),lastnight/week/month/year,...ago(threedaysago),in20XX(过去的年份),justnow等。4.否定句与疑问句*否定句：主语+didn't+动词原形。(was/were的否定直接加not：wasnot=wasn't,werenot=weren't)*Hedidn'tfinishhishomeworkyesterday.*Iwasn'tathomelastSunday.*一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形?(was/were提到句首)*Didyougototheparkyesterday?*Weretheyhappyattheparty?5.专项练习(三)A.用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.I______(go)tothezoowithmyparentslastSunday.2.She______(eat)anappleamomentago.3.They______(play)gamestogetheryesterdayafternoon.4.He______(is)verytiredafterrunning.5.Myfather______(work)inthisschooltenyearsago.B.按要求改写句子。1.Tomfinishedhishomeworklastnight.(改为否定句)Tom____________hishomeworklastnight.2.Theywereintheclassroomjustnow.(改为一般疑问句)______theyintheclassroomjustnow?四、一般将来时(SimpleFutureTense)1.含义与用法一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。2.构成(小学阶段主要掌握两种)*begoingto+动词原形：表示计划、打算要做的事，或根据迹象判断即将发生的事。*Iamgoingtovisitmygrandparentstomorrow.*Lookatthedarkclouds.Itisgoingtorain.*will+动词原形：表示将来发生的动作或状态，常带有预测性质或表示意愿、承诺。*Iwillhelpyou.*Hewillbetenyearsoldnextyear.3.常用时间标志词tomorrow(morning/afternoon/evening),nextweek/month/year,soon,inthefuture,thisevening等。4.否定句与疑问句*begoingto结构：*否定句：be+not+goingto+动词原形。*Sheisn'tgoingtobuyanewdress.*一般疑问句：Be+主语+goingto+动词原形?*Areyougoingtoseeafilmtonight?*will结构：*否定句：will+not=won't+动词原形。*Iwon'tbelate.*一般疑问句：Will+主语+动词原形?5.专项练习(四)A.用括号内动词的适当形式填空(begoingto/will)。1.I______(visit)myunclenextSunday.2.It______(rain)soon.Let'stakeanumbrella.3.He______(be)ateacherwhenhegrowsup.4.They______(have)apartythisevening.5.—______you______(help)me?—Yes,I______.B.选择填空。()There______afootballmatchonTVthisevening.A.isgoingtobeB.wasC.willhave五、综合对比与实战演练1.时态对比：判断下列句子使用的时态，并说明原因。1.Sheoftenwalkstoschool.2.Theyareplayinggamesnow.3.IwenttoBeijinglastsummerholiday.4.Wewillhaveapicnictomorrow.5.Theearthgoesaroundthesun.2.用所给动词的适当形式填空(根据上下文判断时态)。1.Myfatherusually______(read)newspapersaftersupper,butyesterdayhe______(watch)TV.2.Listen!Thebirds______(sing)beautifully.They______(sing)everymorning.3.Tom______(go)toschoolbybikeeveryday.Yesterdayhe______(go)bybusbecausehisbikewasbroken.Tomorrowhe______(go)bycarwithhisfather.3.看图写句子(运用所学时态描述图片内容或预测/回忆)*(此处可插入简单图片，如：孩子们正在公园玩；一个男孩昨天在看书；一个女孩明天要去游泳)*例如：(图片：孩子们正在公园玩)Theyareplayingintheparknow.六、解题技巧与温馨提示1.寻找“时间标志”：这是判断时态最直接有效的方法。看到“now”就想现在进行时，看到“yesterday”就想一般过去时。2.理解句意，判断动作发生的“时间”：如果没有明显的时间标志词，就要根据句子意思来推断动作是经常性的、正在进行的、发生在过去的还是将要发生的。3.牢记动词形式变化：特别是不规则动词的过去式和过去分词（初中会重点学），需要花时间记忆并多加运用。4.勤加练习，注重应用：