武汉大学文芳老师英语课件1

Unit1LeisureActivities语法训练

But,whatisitthatmakesastoryorajokefunny?(Line2)

本句为强调句型的疑问句，用于强调句子中的主语。译文那么，到底是什么东西使一个故事或笑话让人感到滑稽可笑呢？

WhyisitthatseveralstudentsinaclasswillfalloutoftheirchairslaughingafterItellajokewhiletherestofthestudentslookasifI’vejustreadtheweatherreport?

(Line10)语法训练本句为强调句型的特殊疑问句，用于强调原因状语。句中it是形式主语，that引导真实主语从句。句中的两个并列真实主语是severalstudents…和therestofthestudents…两个主语从句。laughingafterItellajoke是现在分词短语做伴随状语修饰severalstudents。译文Example为什么每次我有重要约会时，脸上都会冒出一个很大的青春痘呢？WhyisitthateverytimeIhaveahotdate,Ibreakoutwithabigzitonmyface?

嗯……这个工作最让你感兴趣的方面是什么呢？Hmm,whatisitthatinterestsyoumostaboutthejob?

你上一次看见她是多久以前的事?How

long

ago

is

it

that

you

last

saw

her？

WhyisitthatseveralstudentsinaclasswillfalloutoftheirchairslaughingafterItellajokewhiletherestofthestudentslookasifI’vejustreadtheweatherreport?

(Line10)译文为什么听我讲完一个笑话后，班上有些学生会笑得前仰后合，而其他学生看上去就像刚听我读了天气预报一样呢？句型应用noless（than）:

quiteas…as

和……一样，

不少于，不亚于。译文Thejokeisnolessfunnybecauseitissooftenused.

(Line49)

Example她和从前一样活跃。Sheisnoless

active

thansheusedtobe.一个动物,即使是一只小昆虫,对疼痛的敏感程度也不比人类少。Ananimal,evenasmallinsect,isnolesssensibletopainthanman.译文这个笑话并没有因为经常讲而变得不再那么好笑。

Thejokeisnolessfunnybecauseitissooftenused.

(Line49)

句型应用Howcome:Howdidithappen(that)

为非正式用语，用于询问，意思是“为什么？是怎么回事？”，并表示惊讶。译文“Howcomeyoucompletelycopiedsomebodyelse’shomework?”

(Line66)

Example他第一次去那儿时怎么没有人发现呢？Howcomenobodyfoundoutthefirsttimehewentthere?没有自行车的广告，这是怎么回事？Howcometherearenocommercialsforbicycles?

如果那是事实，为什么那么多聪明人会有笨孩子呢？

Ifthat’strue,howcomesomanysmartpeoplehavestupidchildren?译文你为什么一字不改地抄别人的作业？“Howcomeyoucompletelycopiedsomebodyelse’shomework?”

(Line66)

universal(adj.)

(Line1,Para1)

1)relatingtoeveryoneintheworldoreveryoneinaparticulargrouporsociety

普遍的,全体的

Karaokeprovidesuniversalentertainment.卡拉OK提供了大众化的娱乐。TranslationSARSandbirdfluhaveoncecauseduniversalpanic.非典和禽流感曾经引起过普遍的恐慌。

2)trueorsuitableineverysituation

通用的；万能的auniversalinstrument万能仪auniversalmeter通用电表名词形式：universe

宇宙humor(n.)

(Line4,Para.2)

(capacitytocauseorfeel)amusement幽默；诙谐请完成下面的句子。Exercise中央电视台节目主持人李咏很有幽默感。CCTV’shostLiYong______________________.他正在写一本幽默小说。Heiswriting__________________.anovelfullofhumorhasagreatsenseofhumor词汇扩充humorous(adj.)

(Line21,Para.5)

幽默的humorless(adj.)

(Line19,Para.3)

缺乏幽默感的humorist(n.)

(Line65,Para.10)

幽默(作)家,有敏锐幽默感的人请用humorous,humorless或humorist填空。ExerciseIthinkactorGuo

Donglinisrather_________.humorousWeallviewhisfatherasa________.

humoristBeing_________isunacceptableinthebusinesstalkswithAmericanpeople.humorless

sense(n.)

(Line16,Para.3)

1)goodpracticalunderstandingandjudgment

见识；判断力；领悟（常与of连用）Hisfatherhasastrongsenseofduty.他的父亲是一个责任感很强的人。Translation在儿童时代就培养是非感是相当重要的。

Cultivatingthemoralsenseinthechildhoodisquiteimportant.2)awayinwhichapersoncanknowaboutthephysicalworld,forexample,throughsightorhearing官能；感官（如视觉，听觉，嗅觉，味觉及触觉）Thatagenthasakeensenseofhearing.那位特工(agent)听觉敏锐。TranslationAsweknow,dogshaveagoodsenseofsmell.

如我们所知，狗的嗅觉很灵敏。sense(v.)

(Line94,Para.12)tohaveafeelingaboutsomethingwithoutbeingtolddirectly

感觉到，觉察到，意识到Shesensedthathersuggestionswereunwelcome.她发觉自己的建议不受欢迎。Translation奥运冠军郭晶晶能够感受到一些记者的问题并不友好。OlympicchampionGuo

Jingjingcouldsense

thatsomereporters’questionswerenotfriendly.

trigger(Line18,Para.3)(v.)tostartachainofevents;betheimmediatecauseof(sth.seriousorviolent)触发，引发，为（某严重或暴力的事件的）直接原因请完成下面的句子。ExerciseKashmirissueincessantly_________________________betweenIndiaandPakistan.

克什米尔问题不断激起印巴之间的武装冲突。Thisincidentmay___________________.

这一事件可能会引起连锁反应。triggerachainreactiontriggers(off)armedconflicts

(n.)

leverforreleasingaspring,esp.ofafirearm(释放弹簧的)扳柄；(枪的)扳机；引爆器请完成下面的句子。ExerciseJamesBond_______________________________butfailedintheend.007试图伸手去够引爆器，但没有成功。___________________ismadefromaparticularmaterial.

那把手枪的扳机是由一种特殊材料制作的。Thetriggerofthatguntriedtoreachhishandforthetriggerfocus(n.)

(Line21,Para.3)pointatwhichinterests,tendencies,etc.,meet

兴趣，趋势等的中心；焦点请完成下面的句子。ExerciseManyscientistsweretryingtofind_______________________.很多科学家都在全力寻找震源。YaoMing’swonderfulperformanceinNBAenableshimtobecome______________________________.姚明在NBA的精彩表现使得他成为篮球迷们关注的焦点。thefocusofbasketballfans’thefocusoftheattentionearthquake(vt&vi.)concentrate集中；使集中于焦点Youshouldfocusyourmindonwork.你应该把精力放在工作上。Translation台湾当局应该更多地关注如何改善与祖国大陆的关系。TheTaiwanauthorityissupposedtofocusmoreattentiononhowtoimproveitsrelationshipwiththeChinesemainland.

mutual(adj.)

(Line25,Para.4)

1)sharedbytwopeopleanddirectedtowardseachother(usedoffeeling)

相互的,彼此的(指感情)请完成下面的句子。Exercise__________________________helpedtheplayersoftheChinesewomen’svolleyballteamachievethevictoryinthefinal.互相的支持和鼓励帮助中国女排的队员取得了决赛的胜利。宽恕源于彼此的理解。Forgivenessisdueto___________________.mutualunderstandingMutualsupportandinspiration2)sharedbytwoormorepeople

共同的,共有的Mutualeffortsarethekeytosuccess.共同的努力是成功的关键。Translation她们发现她们对蔡依林的歌有着共同的兴趣。TheyfoundthattheyhadamutualinterestinJolin

Tsai’s(Cai

Yilin)songs.

tempt(v.)

(Line28,Para.4)

1)totrytopersuadesomeoneto

dosomethingwhichmaybe

unwiseorimmoral

引诱,诱惑常用结构：betemptedtodosth.

某人被诱惑（诱骗）做某事请完成下面的句子。ExerciseThatoldmanwas___________________________________________________.

那个老人正在劝诱一些年轻人加入那个神秘的组织。temptingsometeenagerstojointhatmysteriousorganizationThatboy_____________becomeathief.那个男孩儿受人诱骗而成了一名小偷。wastemptedto

2)trytopersuadesomeonetodosomethingbymakingitseemattractive

吸引,引起……的兴趣请完成下面的句子。ExerciseThefineweatherandbeautifulscenery____________________.不错的天气和美丽的景色吸引着我们到户外去。temptedustogooutsideTheenterprisesandresearchinstitutesinWesterncountriesalways________________________withattractivesalaryandworkingconditions.西方国家的企业和研究机构总是用优厚的薪水和优越的工作条件吸引中国的年轻人才。temptChineseyoungtalents名词形式：temptation

诱惑物；有诱惑的东西请完成下面的句子。Exercisepresent(adj.)

/’preznt/

(Line36,Para.5)1)inaparticularplaceata particulartime

出席的；在场的Translation开幕式举行的时候你在场吗？Wereyoupresentattheopeningceremony?

Howmanypeoplewerepresentatthemeeting?会议有多少人出席？请掌握以下常见表达。现政府thepresentgovernment在目前atthepresenttime(day)当前的形势thepresentsituation现存的社会制度thepresentsocialsystem

2)thetimethatishappening

现在的；现存的（做定语）v./pri’zent/(1)togivesomethingtosomeone,esp.atanofficialceremony

赠给；献给；呈递Thestudentspresentedflowers

totheirteacher.学生们给老师献花。Translation她负责向委员会提出申请。Sheisresponsibleforpresentingtheapplicationtothecommittee.

(2)tobethecauseofaproblemordifficulty(presentsbwithsth)

引起问题或困难利息下降给公司带来了一个新问题。Fallinginterestsratespresentthefirmwithanewproblem.

Translation那位关键队员的突然受伤让主教练感到非常头疼。Thatkeyplayer’ssuddeninjurypresentedtheheadcoachwithabigheadache.

(n.)/’preznt/gift礼物；赠品technique(Line43,Para.7)

(n.)(a)skillindoingsomething

practical,artistic,orconnected

withsport

技巧，方法TranslationIfyouwanttolearntopaint,IsuggestyoustudyRaphael’stechniques.如果你想学习绘画的话，我建议你去学习拉菲尔的绘画技巧。

她请新钢琴老师协助提高自己的演奏技巧。

Sheisworkingwithhernewpianoteachertoimprovehertechnique.

词义辨析technology(n.)

thebranchofknowledgeoractivitydealingwithscientificandindustrialmethodsandtheirpracticaluseinindustry

（科学和工业的技术）chemicaltechnology

化学工艺学

scienceandtechnology科学和技术themannedspacetechnology载人航天技术Translationvalue(n.)(Line51,Para.7)

1)regardhighly;haveahigh

opinionof

看重；重视Translation对于健康和财富，你更看重哪一个？

Whichdoyouvaluemost,wealthorhealth?

I’vealwaysvaluedyourfriendship/theirsuggestions.我很珍惜你的友情/重视他们的建议。

(2)to

calculatehowmuchmoneysomethingisworth

估……的价格；评价

Thenecklacehasbeenvaluedat$8000.这条项链被估价为8000美元。

TranslationIfyouwanttosellyourcaryououghttohaveitvalued.

如果你想卖掉你的汽车，你应该找人为它估个价。

词义辨析valueless(adj.)

withoutvalue;worthless

无价值的；无用的

valuable(adj.)

ofgreatvalue,worthoruse有很大价值的；贵重的；很有用的invaluable(adj.)

ofvaluetoohightobemeasured价值高到无法估量的；无价的ExerciseHerwordsproved__________formetocompletemytasksuccessfully.

invaluableThemetallookedlikegold,butinfactitwas_________.valuelessTalkingwithhimisawasteofmy________time.valuable请用valueless,valuable或invaluable填空。variation(n.)(Line87,Para.12)

achangeindegree,amount,orquantity变更,变化,变异,变种Translation我们必须密切注意速度的变化。Wemustkeepaclosewatchatthevariationsinspeed.澳大利亚英语实际上是英国英语的一个变种。TheAustralianEnglishisactuallyoneofthevariationsoftheBritishEnglish.

variety(n.)differenceinquantity,type,or

character

多样化，指一类当中的多样或多

种（常用结构

avarietyof=various

各

种各样的；种种）我们应该尽量使我们的表演变得丰富多彩。

Weshouldtrytogivevarietytoourperformance.

Translation在那个展览会上可以看到各种各样的钻石制品。

Avarietyofdiamondproductscanbeseenattheexhibition.

词义辨析variable(n.)somethingthatcanvaryinquantityorsize变数,可变物,变量由于诸多变数的存在，很难预测选举的结果。Therearetoomanyvariablestopredicttheresultoftheelection.Translation比赛的胜利依赖于包括天气在内的很多因素。

Thevictoryofthematchdependsonanumberofvariables,suchastheweather.

ExerciseTheresultofthematchreliesonlotsof________.variablesTherewasa_______ofdishesonthemenu.varietyThe________oftemperaturetodayis10degrees.variation请用variation,variety或variable填空。clarification(n.)

(Line95,Para.12)

addedinformationtomakesomethingeasiertounderstand澄清；阐明请完成下面的句子。ExerciseTheyaskedfor________________ofthestatementsofthecompany.他们要求得到关于公司声明的进一步的解释。furtherclarificationThatnewspaper_________________oftheincorrectstatementsabouttheeffectofthatmedicineonitsfrontpage.那家报纸在其头版澄清了对于那种药效的错误的声明。printedclarificationsclarify(v.)makesomethingeasiertounderstandbyexplainingitmorefully澄清；阐明；使……明白Itisthepolicemen’sresponsibilitytoclarifymatters.澄清真相是警察的责任。

TranslationYouaresupposedtoclarifyyourstandatthemeeting.

你必须在会上阐明自己的立场。

persist(vi.)

(Line102,Para.13)tocontinuetoexist;last

继续存在高山顶上，积雪终年不化。Onthetopofveryhighmountainssnowpersiststhroughoutayear.

Translation雾还有几天才能散，所以提醒司机谨慎驾驶。

Fogwillpersistforseveraldays,sodriversarewarnedtobecareful.

(2)(-in)tocontinuedoingsomethingwithdeterminationinspiteofopposition

坚持；执意请完成下面的句子。Exercise如果你的弟弟继续制造麻烦，公司就不得不解雇他。Ifyourbrother______________________,thecompanymayhavetodismisshim.persistsincausingtroubleTheUSpresidentGeorge.W.Bush__________________________toIraq.美国总统布什坚持派更多军队前往伊拉克。persistsinsendingmoretroopspersistence(n.)persistingorbeingpersistent