Unit 5 Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2022-2023学年高一英语（人教版2019必修第一册）

DISCOVERINGUSEFULSTRUCTURESattributiveclauseFillintheblankswiththat/which/who/whom/whose.1.Thereweredeepcracks______________appearedinthewellwalls.2.Aquake__________causeddamagewasmorethan150kilometresawayinBeijing.3.Twothirdsofthepeople________livedthereweredeadorinjured.4.Thenumberofpeople_________werekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400,000.which/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwho/that1.当先行词是anything,everything,nothing(something除外),few,all,none,little,some等代词时，或者是由every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等修饰时限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况HaveyoutakendowneverythingthatMr.Lihassaid?2.当先行词被序数词修饰ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinLondonwastheBigBen.3.当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen.4.当先行词被thevery,theonly修饰时ThisistheverydictionarythatIwanttobuyAfterthefireinhishouse,theoldcaristheonlythingthathe

owned.5.当先行词前面有who,which等疑问代词时

(1)Whoisthemanthatisstandingthere?

(2)WhichistheT-shirtthatfitsmemost?6.当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时

Canyourememberthescientistandhistheorythatwehavelearned?that与which的用法区别1.引导非限制性定语从句时，通常要用whichHehastoworkonSundays,whichhedoesn'tlike.他得在星期天工作，他是不喜欢这样的。2.直接放在介词后作宾语时，通常要用which:Thedocumentsforwhichtheyweresearchinghavebeenrecovered.他们找寻的文件已找到了。

Discovering-Lookatthesesentencesandunderlinetherestrictiveattributiveclauses.Whatkindofinformationdoeseachclausecommunicate?（P64）Itwasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically.2.EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.3.Therearemanyreasonswhypeoplelearnaforeignlanguage.Information:atimeforanevent.

Information:alocationforanevent.

Information:areasonforanaction.

Itwasatime

whenpeopleweredividedgeographically.

Information:atimeforanevent.小结1

When引导定语从句时，先行词为表示时间的名词，关系词在从句中作时间状语。Itwasatime.Atthattimepeopleweredividedgeographically.一、关系副词的用法2.EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountry

wheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.Information:alocationforanevent.小结2

where引导定语从句时，先行词为表示地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语。EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountry.InthatcountrytheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.where还可用在表示抽象意义的地点名词后，如situation,stage,point,case,position,condition,activity,scene,occasion等,意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。Theaccidenthasreachedtothepointwhereboththeirparentsaretobecalledin.1.Wearetryingtoreachapoint____bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.（06山东）

A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when2.---Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourself?---Yes,there’sonepoint____wemustinsiston.（06江西）

A.whyB.whereC.howD./高考题链接：做题要灵活：分析句子成分，选择恰当的关系词。3.Therearemanyreasonswhypeoplelearnaforeignlanguage.Information:

areasonforanaction.小结3

why引导定语从句时，先行词通常是reason,关系词在从句中作原因状语。Therearemanyreasons.Becauseofthesereasons,peoplelearnaforeignlanguage.找到适合的关系副词。Summarywherewhenwhytimeplacereason关系副词指代在从句中作例句when1.Thetime

when

Iarrivedwaslateatnight.where2.Themineswhere

Iworkedwere9kmfrommyhome.why3.ThereasonwhyIgotajobwasbecauseofmyhardwork.time时间状语placereason地点状语原因状语作状语，即从句成分齐全，不缺主，宾，表，定语。Observecarefully!!!关系副词Refertoexampleswhere=in/atwhichTheschool

where

mysonstudies

isbeautiful.when=during\at/in/onwhichThey’llneverforgetJuly1

onwhichHongKongreturnedtoitsmotherland.why=forwhichTherearemanyreasons

forwhichpeopleliketraveling.placetimereason注意：此时，介词的选择取决于其与先行词的搭配。二、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句Thisisthefactory.Iworkedinthefactorytenyearsago.用关系副词引导的定语从句合并下列句子。Thisisthefactory

where

Iworkedtenyearsago.Wecanalsosay,“ThisisthefactoryinwhichIworkedtenyearsago.”Theschoolisbeautiful.Westudyinthisschool.Theschool

where

westudy

isbeautiful.Theschool

inwhichwestudy

isbeautiful.They’llneverforgetJuly1.HongKongreturnedtoitsmotherlandonJuly1.They’llneverforgetJuly1

when

HongKongreturnedtoitsmotherland.They’llneverforgetJuly1

onwhichHongKongreturnedtoitsmotherland.Thedaysaregoneforever.Welivedtogetherhappilyduringthosedays.Thedays

whenwelivedtogetherhappilyaregoneforever.Thedaysduringwhichwelivedtogetherhappilyaregoneforever.Therearemanyreasons.Peopleliketravelingformanyreasons.Therearemanyreasons

why

peopleliketraveling.Therearemanyreasons

forwhichpeopleliketraveling.Heisthemaninwhomyoucanbelieve.1.看定语从句中动词或形容词与介词的搭配。Hegavemesomebookswith

whichIamnotveryfamiliar.2.看介词与先行词搭配。Thisisourclassroominwhichthereisateacher’sdesk.The

farmonwhichmyfatherworksisfarfromthetown.如何判断介词3.根据句意而定。Thesoldier,withoutwhomIwouldn'thavesuvivedtheearthquake,retiredlastweek.介词+关系代词引导定语从句时,如先行词是物,关系代词只能为which。介词+关系代词引导定语从句时,如先行词是人,关系代词只能为whom。1.Thatistheplace_____________theymetforthefirsttime.那就是他们第一次见面的地方。2.Chinaistheonlycountry______________________

______________________中国是唯一一个发现野生大熊猫的国家。where/inwhichwhere/fromwhichwildpandascanbefound.3.I'llneverforgettheday______________Ifirstwenttoschool.when/onwhich4.I'vealwayslongedforthedays_________________

_____________________.

when/inwhich

Ishouldbeabletobeindependent5.Thereason________________

hewaslatewasthathemissedthebus.why/forwhich

Completethefollowingsentencesusing“preposition+which/whom”.1.Wevisitedthehouse____

whichafamouswriteroncelived.（in/on/at/without)2.ThisistheiPad____whichIspent4000yuan.（in/on/at/without)inon3.Thisismypairofglasses,_______whichIcannotseeclearly.（in/on/at/without)withoutinthehousespend...on...这是我的眼镜，没有它我就看不清楚1.Thisistherock___________theboyfelldownintothesea.2.Thefilmstar___________wetalkedalotyesterdaywillgiveusaspeechtomorrow.3.TheWestLake_________Hangzhouisfamousintheworldwillbemorebeautiful.4.Thesubject________XiaoWangisgoodisphysics.fromwhichaboutwhomforwhichatwhich5.Thereason_________hecouldnotgotherewasthathisgradeswastoolow.6.Theprofessor__________Mr.Smithshookhandsyesterdayhasmadenewdiscoveriesinscience.7.Couldyoutellmetheday________youarrived?8.Iwilltreasurethedays________Ilivedhere.withwhomonwhichinwhichforwhich用适当的关系词填空（一个）。1.Doyoustillrememberthefirstday______youwenttohighschool?2.IpaidavisittoFudanUniversity_______myfatherstudiedthirtyyearsago.3.Doyouknowtherealreason______Annedidn'tgototheget-together?4.TomorrowIwillbringherethemagazinefor_______

youasked.5.Peterputhimselfinasituation_______hehadtoleavethecompany.6.Therewasatime______mydaughterwascrazyaboutpopmusic.7.Therestaurant_______Ihaveeatenawonderfulmealisgoingtoclosedown.8.Therearetwomainreasons______thissituationhasbeenallowedtocontinue.whenwherewhywhichwherewhenwherewhy1.Thisisourschool________westudyandmakefriends.2.ThemostunforgettableschoolactivityistheEnglish

speechcontest,

______wehadgreatfun.3.Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,_______theweathermaybebetter.4.Therearemanyreasons______peoplelearnaforeignlanguage.=inwhichwhere

=inwhichwhere

when=inwhichwhy=forwhich答案不止一个。拓展Thepatientwhomsheislookingafterisherfather.并非所有介词都可以放到关系代词前不能拆开的固定搭配有：lookfor,lookafter,payattentionto,takecareof,lookforwardto,gothrough等Thepatientafterwhomsheislookingisherfather.×

定语从句三步解体法：一、先找出主句；二、确定先行词三、判断先行词在从句中做的成分定语从句的引导词关系代词关系副词指人指物who(主语、宾语)，whom(宾语)，that(主语、宾语),whose(定语)that(主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语)whose(定语)where(地点状语)when(时间状语)why(原因状语)

Summary定语从句是在句子中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句，

又称为形容词性从句。这种从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，并作句子成分。Ps:先行词在从句中做状语时，连接词有时可以用介词+which/whom来替换关系副词关系代词前介词选择三原则一先二动三意义即根据先行词与介词的搭配关系选择根据谓语动词与介词的搭配关系选择即根据定语从句的意义来确定介词在介词+which/whom引导的定语从句中指物时用______指人时用______归纳总结whomwhich禁止用______和______thatwho××1.Thestudents,allofwhichstudyveryhard,passedtheexam.2.Thebookforwhichyouarelookingisunderthetable.3.WevisitedtheschoolonwhichIhadstudiedforsixyears.4.Thewomanwiththatmyfatheristalkingismyteacher.5.Mr.Smithhastwosons,bothofthemaredoctors.随堂自测单句改错whomfor^inwhomwhom1.I’llneverforgettheday____Imetyouforthefirsttime.A.onwhichB.atwhichC.inwhichD.bywhich随堂自测2.Thestory,________thefilmisbased,isatrueone.A.onwhichB.withwhichC.inwhichD.ofwhich

随堂自测3.Last

week，only

two

people

came

to

look

atthehouse,_______wantedtobuy

it.A.neither

of

them

B.neither

of

whichC.neither

of

that

D.neither

of

whom

随堂自测4.Thechildren,_______haveplayedthewholedaylong,werewornout.A.allofwhat B.allofwhichC.allofthem D.allofwhom随堂自测FurtherStudyLookatthesentencesandthinkaboutwhytheyusedifferentrelativepronouns.三、关系代词VS关系副词a.Thisistheplace________heworks(vi.).Thisistheplace___________

wevisited(vt.)lastyear.b.Thatwastheday

________

hearrived(vi.).Doyoustillremembertheday___________wespent(vt.)together?c.Thisisthereason_______

heleft(vi.).Thereason____________hegave(vt.)uswasquitereasonable.wherewhich/thatwhenwhich/thatwhywhich/that

选择定语从句的关系词一定要看先行词在从句中所做成分。当先行词在从句中作状语，则选择相应的关系____。当先行词在从句中作主语,宾语或表语,则选择相应的关系_____。副词代词关系代词(主宾定语）vs

关系副词（状语）：1.Thisis

the

school we

visited.2.Thisis

the

school Istudied

3years

ago.3.Iremember

the

days we

spentin

HK.4.Iremember

the

days wespent

thesummerholidaysin

HK.5.

The

reason hetoldusisnot

true.6.

The

reason hedidn'tattend

themeetingisnot

clear.1.I’llneverforgetthedays________weworkedtogether.2.I’llneverforgetthedays__________wespenttogether.3.Iwenttothevillage______Ilivedtenyearsago.4.Iwenttothecompany___________Ilivedintenyearsago.5.Thisisthereason_____hewaslate.6.Thisisthereason__________hetoldus.whenwhich/thatwherewhich/thatwhythat/whichCompletethepassagewiththecorrectrelativeadverbsorpronouns.Addaprepositionwherenecessary.P64

3

WhenIstartedstudyingGerman,itwasastruggle.Thewordsfeltstrangeonmytongue,andthegrammarwouldnotstayinmyhead.ItoldmymumthatIwantedtogiveup,andthatIwouldneverliveinacountry______________Germanwasspoken.Mymumtoldmethatstudyingalanguagewasnotjustformyfuture.Itwasexerciseforthebrain;themoreIlearntofalanguage,themoremybrainwouldgrow.AndIrememberthatday______________suddenlyfeltlikeGermanwasnolongeraforeignlanguage.

Itfeltlikemybrainhaddoubledinsize.Ihadfinallycometoaplace______________Icouldthinkinthisforeignlanguage,andIcouldseetheworldfromadiferentpointofview.IfeltasifIhadreachedthegoal__________Ihadbeenfightingfor.Icouldopenabookandseemeanings,notjustaseaofwords.Ifinallyunderstoodthereason______mymumhadencouragedmenottogiveup.Thanks,Mum!where/inwhichwhen/onwhichwhere/atwhichwhich/thatwhy/forwhichⅢ.用定语从句合并句子。1.Doyourememberthevillage?Weworkedinthevillageforfiveyears.2.Noonebelievedthereason.Tonywaslateforschoolthismorningforthisreason.3.Sundayisaday.Veryfewpeoplegotoworkonthisday.4.Doyouknowthelady?OurEnglisht