中考英语动词短语专项练习题

中考英语动词短语专项练习题在初中英语学习中，动词短语的掌握与运用是构建语言能力的基石，也是中考考查的重点与难点。无论是阅读理解中的语义理解，还是完形填空中的语境辨析，亦或是书面表达中的地道运用，都离不开对动词短语的精准把握。很多同学在学习时，常常会对形似义异、搭配多变的动词短语感到困惑。本次专项练习旨在帮助同学们梳理常见动词短语，通过典型题目强化记忆，提升在具体语境中灵活运用的能力。一、动词短语学习要点提示动词短语通常由“动词+介词”、“动词+副词”或“动词+名词+介词”等构成，其含义往往并非构成词的简单叠加，需要结合语境深入理解。学习时，建议：1.勤归纳，多比较：将同一动词与不同介词/副词搭配的短语进行归类，如lookfor,lookafter,lookup,lookforwardto等，并比较其含义与用法差异。2.在语境中理解和记忆：单纯的死记硬背效果有限，应结合例句或短文，在具体的语言环境中感知其用法。3.注重积累与运用：在日常阅读和练习中，遇到新的动词短语要及时记录，并尝试在自己的口头和书面表达中运用。二、专项练习题（一）单项选择(从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案)1.Thoughthestudyprocessisfullofchallenges,wemust______untilwesucceed.A.putupB.putupwithC.giveupD.keepup2.Weall______hearingfromyousoon.Pleasewritetouswhenyouhavetime.A.lookforwardtoB.getonwithC.catchupwithD.keepupwith3.Ifyoudon’tknowthemeaningofthisword,youcan______it______inthedictionary.A.look;forB.look;upC.find;outD.pick;up4.Theteacheraskedusto______thenewwordsandexpressionsinournotebooks.A.writedownB.turndownC.takedownD.slowdown5.Aftertheheavyrain,thesun______again,andthechildrenwentouttoplayhappily.A.cameupB.cameoutC.cameoverD.cametrue6.Mymotheroftentellsmenotto______toolateatnight,asit’sbadformyhealth.A.stayupB.wakeupC.getupD.pickup7.Theoldmanisverykind.Healways______foodandclothestothehomelesspeopleinwinter.A.givesawayB.givesupC.givesinD.givesout8.Youshould______thelightswhenyouleavetheclassroomtosaveelectricity.A.turnonB.turnoffC.turnupD.turndown9.Ittookmealongtimeto______themeaningofthatEnglishpoem.A.putoutB.figureoutC.takeoutD.giveout10.Thelittlegirlissoshythatshedoesn’t______wellwithherclassmates.A.getalongB.getoffC.getupD.getin（二）完形填空(用方框中所给动词短语的适当形式填空，每个短语限用一次)Lastweekend,ourclassdecidedtohaveapicnicinthecountryside.Weneededto11.______thepreparationsassoonaspossible.First,wediscussedwhattobring.Tom12.______agoodidea:eachgroupwouldprepareaspecialdish.Then,we13.______whowouldbringwhat.Lilysaidshewould14.______thesandwiches,andPeterpromisedto15.______thedrinks.OnSaturdaymorning,wemetattheschoolgate.Unfortunately,Mr.Wang’scar16.______ontheway,sowehadtowaitforanothervehicle.Finally,wearrivedatthepicnicspot.Somestudentshelpedtosetupthetents,whileothersstartedtocook.Everyone17.______thecookingprocess,afraidofmakingmistakes.Afterlunch,we18.______variousgames.Itwassomuchfun!However,wealmost19.______waterintheafternoon.Luckily,akindfarmernearbygaveussome.Beforeleaving,wemadesureto20.______therubbishandleavetheplaceclean.Itwasatiringbutunforgettableday.（三）用括号内所给动词短语的适当形式填空21.Mybrother______(takeup)playingtheguitarlastyear,andnowhecanplaymanysongs.22.Please______(turnoff)theTVifnooneiswatchingit.23.She______(lookforwardto)visitingtheGreatWallforalongtime.24.Weshould______(keepupwith)thelatestnewstoknowwhat’shappeningaroundtheworld.25.Thedoctoradvisedhimto______(giveup)smokingbecauseit’sharmfultohislungs.参考答案与解析（一）单项选择1.D.keepup解析：putup张贴、搭建；putupwith忍受；giveup放弃；keepup坚持、保持。句意“尽管学习过程充满挑战，我们必须坚持直到成功”，keepup符合语境。2.A.lookforwardto解析：lookforwardto期待；getonwith与……相处；catchupwith赶上；keepupwith跟上。句意“我们都期待收到你的来信”，lookforwardto后接动名词，符合句意。3.B.look;up解析：lookfor寻找；lookup查阅；findout查明；pickup捡起、学会。句意“如果你不知道这个词的意思，可以查字典”，lookup符合语境。4.A.writedown解析：writedown写下；turndown调小、拒绝；takedown取下、记录（较正式）；slowdown放慢。句意“老师让我们把新单词和短语写在笔记本上”，writedown最常用。5.B.cameout解析：cameup走近、被提出；cameout出来、出版；cameover顺便来访；cametrue实现。句意“大雨过后，太阳又出来了”，cameout符合语境。6.A.stayup解析：stayup熬夜；wakeup醒来；getup起床；pickup捡起。句意“妈妈经常告诉我晚上不要熬夜”，stayup符合句意。7.A.givesaway解析：givesaway赠送、分发；givesup放弃；givesin屈服；givesout分发（侧重于用完、耗尽）。句意“老人很善良，冬天他总是给无家可归的人赠送食物和衣服”，givesaway强调“赠送”。8.B.turnoff解析：turnon打开；turnoff关闭；turnup调大；turndown调小。句意“离开教室时你应该关灯以节约用电”，turnoff符合语境。9.B.figureout解析：putout扑灭；figureout理解、弄明白；takeout取出；giveout分发、耗尽。句意“我花了很长时间才弄明白那首英文诗的意思”，figureout符合句意。10.A.getalong解析：getalongwellwith与……相处融洽；getoff下车；getup起床；getin进入。句意“这个小女孩很害羞，她和同学相处得不好”，getalong符合语境。（二）完形填空11.getreadyfor解析：需要为野餐做准备，getreadyfor表示“为……做准备”。12.cameupwith解析：Tom提出了一个好主意，cameupwith表示“想出、提出”。13.madeupourminds解析：我们决定了谁带什么东西，makeupone’smind表示“下定决心”，主语是we，故用ourminds。14.takecareof/lookafter解析：Lily说她会负责三明治，takecareof和lookafter都有“照顾、负责”的意思，此处均可。15.takecareof/lookafter解析：Peter承诺负责饮料，同上。16.brokedown解析：王先生的车在路上坏了，breakdown表示“（机器）出故障”，此处用过去式brokedown。17.paidattentionto解析：每个人都关注烹饪过程，payattentionto表示“注意、关注”。18.tookpartin解析：我们参加了各种游戏，takepartin表示“参加（活动）”。19.ranoutof解析：下午我们几乎用完了水，runoutof表示“用完、耗尽”。20.keepawayfrom解析：此处应指“处理掉垃圾”或“远离垃圾”，结合语境“leavetheplaceclean”，keepawayfrom可理解为“清理掉、远离（让垃圾不在这里）”，若考虑更精准表达，也可填“pickup”，但根据所给选项，keepawayfrom更贴合。（三）用括号内所给动词短语的适当形式填空21.tookup解析：lastyear提示用一般过去时，takeup表示“开始从事”。22.turnoff解析：祈使句用动词原形，turnoff表示“关闭”。23.haslookedforwardto解析：foralongtime提示用现在完成