2026年初中英语词汇与语法专项训练试题及答案

2026年初中英语词汇与语法专项训练试题及答案Part1词汇选择（每小题1分，共20分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。1.Theguidewarnedusnottoleavethepath,becausethefogcouldrollinwithin______minutes.A.afewB.fewC.littleD.alittle2.—Whichtielooksmore______withthisshirt?—Thesilveronereflectsthelightandmakesyoulookenergetic.A.similarB.matchingC.fashionableD.comfortable3.Mycousinpracticestheviolineveryevening;the______soundfloatsoutofthewindowandcalmsthewholestreet.A.musicalB.noisyC.suddenD.bitter4.Scientistssaythenewmaterialis______enoughtosupportabridgeonlytwocentimetresthick.A.stubbornB.elasticC.concreteD.tough5.Theoldmanwalked______alongtheriver,stoppingnowandthentofeedtheswans.A.hurriedlyB.gentlyC.aimlesslyD.cautiously6.Wehadtocancelthepicnicbecausetheforecastsaidtherewasa______chanceofthunderstorms.A.slightB.thinC.narrowD.light7.Themuseumoffersanaudioguide______eightlanguages,includingSwahili.A.inB.byC.withD.on8.Theteacheraskedusto______theparagraphintothreeshortersentenceswithoutchangingthemeaning.A.divideB.breakC.rewriteD.transform9.Thetwinslookexactlyalike,buttheirtastes______widely;onelovesjazz,theotherheavymetal.A.changeB.varyC.shiftD.transfer10.Therobotcan______theshapeofanyobjectitseesandthenprintacopyinthreeminutes.A.scanB.sketchC.imagineD.assume11.I’mafraidwe’verunoutofcoffee;wouldyouminddrinkingtea______?A.insteadB.besidesC.againD.somehow12.Thesignreads:“No______rubbishhere—£150fine.”A.droppingB.throwingC.litteringD.dumping13.Thestorywasso______thatthewholeclassburstoutlaughing.A.amusingB.amazedC.confusedD.nervous14.Theathletekeptontraininghard______thepaininhisleftankle.A.althoughB.despiteC.howeverD.otherwise15.Thecoloursofthebutterfly’swings______whenviewedfromdifferentangles.A.improveB.shineC.switchD.shift16.Thenewundergroundlinewillmaketheairport______inlessthantwentyminutesfromthecitycentre.A.availableB.accessibleC.convenientD.possible17.Thelittleboypretendedtobeasleep,buthismovingeyelids______him.A.gaveawayB.gaveupC.gaveoutD.gaveoff18.Thebookisworthreadingbecauseit______lightonlifeinthesixteenthcentury.A.throwsB.spreadsC.castsD.sends19.ThemanagerspokesofastthatIcouldn’t______whathewassaying.A.makeoutB.makeupC.makeforD.makeoff20.Theexperimentshowsthatplantsgrowfasterwhen______toclassicalmusic.A.exposedB.revealedC.openedD.shownPart2语法填空（每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。LastSaturdayourclassvisitedthesolarfarmoutsidethetown.Themanager,MrPatel,explainedthatthepanelsmustbecleanedtwiceaweeksothatsunlightcanreachthecellsfreely.Whilehe21.______(speak),atechnicianshowedushowdirtywater22.______(collect)andreused.Iwassurprisedtolearnthatthefarmproducesenoughpowerfor30,000homesandthatit23.______(reduce)carbonemissionsby42,000tonssince2022.“Ifeveryrooftopinthecountry24.______(cover)withpanels,”MrPatelsaid,“we25.______(save)about8%ofnationalelectricity.”Beforeleaving,weeachplantedasmalltree;mine26.______(be)amaple,whichwillgrowaboutonemetreperyearonce27.______(it)rootshavetakenhold.Theguideremindedus28.______(notpick)anyleaves,becauseeventinydamagecanslowthetree’sgrowth.Onthebusback,everyoneagreedthatthetrip29.______(prove)moreinspiringthananyonlinelessonwe30.______(have)before.Part3完形填空（每小题1分，共15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。Iusedtohaterunning.InprimaryschoolIwasalwaysthelasttofinishthe600-metretest,andmyclassmateslaughed.Things31whenmyfatherboughtmeasecond-handbicycle.Insteadofsittingindoors,Istartedcyclingalongtherivereveryevening.Thewindonmyfacefeltlikeencouragement,andsoonIcouldridetwentykilometreswithout32.Onedaythechainbrokehalfway.WhileIwaspushingthebikehome,ImetMrGreen,theretiredcoach.Henoticedmy33expressionandaskedwhatwaswrong.Afterhearingmystory,hesaid,“Ifyoucancyclethatfar,youcancertainlyrun.Thesecretistostartslowly.”Heinvitedmetojointhejuniorrunningclubthenextmorningatsix.I34,thinkingitwouldbeanotherchancetoembarrassmyself.However,MrGreenmadeusjogforonlytwominutes,thenwalkforone,repeatingthepatternfivetimes.Itsoundedeasy,butmylungsburned.Hetoldmetoconcentrateonbreathing:twostepsinhale,twostepsexhale.Daybydaythejoggingminutesincreasedandthewalkingminutesdecreased.Sixmonthslater,Istoodatthestartinglineofthecitymarathon—youthgroup.Myheartbeatfast,notfromfear,butfrom35.Whenthewhistleblew,Ikeptmypacesteady.Crowdsclappedalongtheroute,andI36theircheersasfuel.Atthe5-kilometremarkIfeltpaininmyleftknee,yetIrememberedMrGreen’swords:“Painisjustyourbodyremindingyouit’s37.”Irepeatedthesentencelikeaspellandpressedon.Asthefinishbannerappeared,Isprintedwitheveryounceofstrength.Crossingtheline,Iglancedattheclock:38minutes—fasterthanIhadeverdreamed.Myparentswerewavingwildly,tearsintheireyes.Irealisedthatthejourneyfromcyclingtorunninghadalsotaughtmehowtopushbeyond38limits.Thefollowingweek,MrGreenpresentedmewithasmalltrophyengraved“MostImprovedRunner”.Holdingit,Iunderstoodthatsuccessisnotmeasuredby39others,butbyhowfaryouhavetravelledfromyourstartingpoint.Now,everysunrisefindsmerunningalongthesameriverwhereIoncecycled.Thelaughterthatusedtoechoinmyearshasturnedintotherhythmofmyfootsteps—steady,40,andforward-looking.31.A.continuedB.changedC.stoppedD.disappeared32.A.breathingB.stoppingC.speakingD.thinking33.A.cheerfulB.angryC.frightenedD.disappointed34.A.agreedB.refusedC.laughedD.left35.A.excitementB.sadnessC.reliefD.surprise36.A.madeuseofB.putupwithC.tookinD.turneddown37.A.awakeB.aliveC.aheadD.alone38.A.publicB.personalC.physicalD.natural39.A.defeatingB.praisingC.comparingD.beating40.A.powerfulB.gracefulC.confidentD.cautiousPart4阅读理解（每小题2分，共20分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。AIn2025,engineersinKenyacompletedthefirst“solarpavement”carpark.Thesurfaceconsistsofhexagonalglasstilesstrongenoughfortrucks.Eachtilecontainsphotovoltaiccellsthatconvertsunlightintoelectricity.Atnight,LEDsinsidethetileslightuproadmarkings.Becausethemodulesaremodular,damagedtilescanbereplacedinfiveminutes.Datacollectedshowthatevery100squaremetresgenerateroughly75kWhonaclearday,enoughtopower25streetlights.Criticsarguethatthetilesareexpensiveandmaybecomeslipperywhenwet.Theteamrespondsthatthetexturedglassoffershigherfrictionthanconventionalasphaltandthatmassproductionwillcutcostsby30%withinthreeyears.41.Thehexagonaltilesaredesignedmainlyto______.A.decoratecarparksB.collectsolarenergyC.guidedriversatnightD.reducetrafficnoise42.Whatadvantageofthemodularsystemismentioned?A.Itcanbepaintedindifferentcolours.B.Itallowsquickrepair.C.Itneedsnocleaning.D.Itcoolstheground.43.Whichofthefollowingworriessomepeople?A.Theglassmaybeunsafeinrain.B.TheLEDsdisturbwildlife.C.Thecellsoverheatinsummer.D.Thesurfacecracksincoldweather.BEveryyear,abouteightmilliontonsofplasticflowintotheoceans.Mostcomesfromrivers,sointerceptingwasteupstreamischeaperthanremovingitfromtheopensea.The“Trashfence”project,launchedin2024,installssteelnetsacrossriversinIndonesia.Whentheriverrisesafterheavyrain,thenettilts,preventingrubbishfrompassing.Boatsthenliftthefullnetsontobarges.Initsfirstsixmonths,onefencecaught120tonsofplastic,70%ofwhichwasrecycledintoshampoobottles.Localfishermenreporthighercatchessincetheinstallation,suggestingthatcleanerwaterhelpsfishpopulationsrecover.44.TheTrashfenceisplacedinriversto______.A.slowdownthecurrentB.measurewaterqualityC.blockplasticfromreachingtheseaD.protectbridgesfromdamage45.Whathappensafterthenetbecomesfull?A.Itsinkstothebottom.B.Itisemptiedontobarges.C.Itisreplacedbyanewone.D.Itsendsaradioalarm.46.Thehigherfishcatchesindicatethat______.A.thenetsprovideshelterforfishB.fewerfishermenareworkingC.therecycledplasticattractsfishD.cleanerwaterbenefitsmarinelifeCThehumanbrainsleepsincycleslastingabout90minutes.Eachcyclecontainsthreestagesofnon-REMsleepfollowedbyREMsleep,whenmostdreamingoccurs.Apersonwhowakesnaturallyoftendoessoattheendofacycle,feelingrefreshed.Alarms,however,mayinterruptdeepsleep,causinggrogginessknownas“sleepinertia”.Researchersadvisesettingalarmsinmultiplesof90minutesfromthemomentoffallingasleep.Forexample,someonegoingtobedat22:30whoneeds6hoursofsleepshouldsetthealarmfor04:30or06:00,butnotfor05:15.Mobileappsnowmonitormovementstoestimatesleepstagesandwakeuserslightly.Yetthebeststrategyremainsregularbedtimesandenoughtotalhours.47.Sleepinertiaiscausedby______.A.dreamingtoomuchB.wakingduringdeepsleepC.sleepinglessthan90minutesD.goingtobedtooearly48.Accordingtothepassage,analarmsetat05:15isunwisebecauseit______.A.isnotamultipleof90minutesB.allowsonlyfivehoursofsleepC.coincideswithREMsleepD.shortensthethirdcycle49.Modernsleepappsmainlyhelpby______.A.recordingdreamsB.extendingREMsleepC.choosingsoftersoundsD.wakingusersatlighterstages50.Whichofthefollowingdoesthewriterrecommendmost?A.Usingtwoalarms.B.Takingafternoonnaps.C.Keepingconsistentbedtimes.D.Sleepingwithoutanyclock.Part5句型转换（每小题2分，共10分）按括号中的要求转换下列句子，每空一词。51.Thelibrariansaid,“Returnthebookswithintwoweeks.”(改为间接引语)Thelibrariantoldus____________thebookswithintwoweeks.52.ThisisthefirsttimeIhavetastedsuchspicychicken.(改为同义句)I____________tastedsuchspicychickenbefore.53.Peoplebelievethatthecustomdatesbacktothetwelfthcentury.(改为被动语态)Thecustom__________________datebacktothetwelfthcentury.54.Thewindwassostrongthatwecouldn’topenthedoor.(改为倒装句)____________thewindthatwecouldn’topenthedoor.55.Ifyoudon’thurry,youwillmissthelasttrain.(改为含“unless”的句子)Youwillmissthelasttrain______you______.Part6动词应用（每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，用括号中所给动词的正确形式填空。Onemorningin2026,agroupofstudentsfromRiversideSchool56.______(gather)atthegate,readyforatriptotheislandlaboratoryfamousforitsde-extinctionproject.Thebus57.______(leave)at07:30sharp,soeveryonehadtoarriveearly.Emma,theteamleader,remindedherclassmatesthatthey58.______(visit)aplacewherescientistshopedtobringbackthedodo.Althoughthebird59.______(disappear)over300yearsago,researchershadmanagedtosequenceitsgenomefrommuseumspecimens.Duringthejourney,Emma60.______(explain)thatthehardestpartwasnoteditingthegenes,butfindingacloselivingrelativewhoseeggcouldhosttheembryo.Whentheyreachedthepier,theferry61.______(already/wait).Onboard,thestudentsweretoldthatnophotos62.______(allow)insidethelab.Afterarriving,theymetDrLopez,who63.______(work)ontheprojectsince2023.Headmittedthattheteam64.______(fail)twicethepreviousyear,yethebelievedthey65.______(succeed)withinmonthsiffundingcontinued.Part7书面表达（15分）假设你是李华，你校英语报正在开展“一分钟改变”征文活动。请写一篇100—120词的短文，描述你在某天早晨因一个微小举动而给他人带来积极影响的经过，并谈谈你的感受。文中不得出现真实姓名和校名。Part8答案与解析1.A.afew修饰可数名词minutes，表示“几分钟”。2.C.fashionable“时尚的”，与energetic并列说明领带的效果。3.A.musicalsound指“悦耳的声音”。4.D.tough“坚固的”，符合“支撑桥梁”的语境。5.C.aimlessly“漫无目的地”，与stoppingnowandthen呼应。6.A.slightchance固定搭配，表示“微小的可能性”。7.A.ineightlanguages用介词in表示“用某种语言”。8.C.rewritetheparagraph指“改写段落”。9.B.vary“差异”，说明双胞胎口味不同。10.A.scantheshape“扫描形状”。11.A.instead表示“代替”。12.C.littering“乱扔垃圾”，为固定警示用语。13.A.amusing“好笑的”。14.B.despitethepain表示“尽管疼痛”。15.D.shift“变换”，指颜色随角度变化。16.B.accessible“可到达的”。17.A.gaveaway“泄露”。18.C.castslighton“阐明”。19.A.makeout“听清”。20.A.exposedtomusic“暴露于音乐中”。21.wasspeaking过去进行时，表示背景动作。22.iscollected被动语态，描述客观流程。23.hasreduced现在完成时，与since2022连用。24.werecovered虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的假设。25.wouldsave虚拟主句用would+动词原形。26.was单数过去时。27.its形容词性物主代词。28.nottopickremindsb.nottodo结构。29.hadproved过去完成时，表示“过去的过去”。30.hadhad过去完成时，表示“之前有过的在线课”。31.B作者态度由“讨厌”变为“改变”。32.Bwithoutstopping表示