2024年中考英语语法专项练习题

2024年中考英语语法专项练习题中考英语语法是构建语言能力的基石，直接影响听、说、读、写各项技能的发挥。为帮助同学们在2024年中考中从容应对语法挑战，我们精心编制了这份专项练习题。本练习聚焦中考核心语法点，题型设计贴近真题，旨在通过系统训练，强化同学们对语法知识的理解与运用能力，查漏补缺，稳步提升。一、名词(Nouns)单项选择1.Mymotherboughttwo___andsomeapplesfromthemarketthismorning.A.potatoB.potatosC.potatoesD.potato's2.Couldyoupleasepassme___?Ineedtowritedowntheaddress.A.apaperB.somepapersC.apieceofpaperD.piecesofpapers3.The___ofthecityhasincreasedalotinthepastfewyears.A.populateB.populationC.popularD.popularity二、代词(Pronouns)单项选择1.—Isthisdictionary___?—No,itisn't.Itbelongsto___.A.yours;herB.your;hersC.yours;sheD.your;her2.___isimportantforustolearnEnglishwell.A.ThatB.ThisC.ItD.What3.Bothofthebooksareinteresting.Ican'tdecidewhichonetochoose.I'lltake___.A.allB.bothC.noneD.either三、冠词(Articles)单项选择1.Beijingis___capitalofChina.It's___ancientcitywithalonghistory.A.the;anB.a;anC.the;aD.a;the2.Mybrotherusuallyplays___basketballafterschool,butsometimesheplays___piano.A.the;theB./;theC.the;/D./;/3.Weshouldtrytohelp___poorand___sick.A.a;aB.an;anC.the;theD./;/四、数词(Numerals)单项选择1.Thereare___daysinaweek,andTuesdayisthe___day.A.seven;thirdB.seven;threeC.seventh;thirdD.seventh;three2.About___ofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.A.twothirdB.twothirdsC.secondthirdD.secondsthirds3.Mygrandfatherisinhis___,buthestillexerciseseveryday.A.seventyB.seventiethC.seventiesD.seventieths五、介词(Prepositions)单项选择1.Weusuallyhavelunch___12:00___noon.A.at;atB.in;atC.at;inD.on;at2.Theboyisinterested___scienceandheoftenreadsbooks___science.A.in;onB.on;inC.in;inD.on;on3.Don'tworry.Iwillfinishthework___theendofthisweek.A.inB.byC.atD.on六、连词(Conjunctions)单项选择1.Youcan___stayathome___goouttoplay.It'suptoyou.A.either;orB.neither;norC.both;andD.notonly;butalso2.___itrainedheavily,westillwenttoschoolontime.A.BecauseB.AlthoughC.IfD.SinceA.if;WhetherB.whether;IfC.if;ThatD.whether;That七、形容词与副词(AdjectivesandAdverbs)单项选择1.Thisstoryis___thanthatone.Ilikeitbetter.A.interestingB.moreinterestingC.mostinterestingD.themostinteresting2.Heruns___inhisclass.Noonecancatchupwithhim.A.fastB.fasterC.fastestD.thefaster3.Pleaselistentotheteacher___inclass.A.carefulB.carefullyC.carelessD.carelessly八、动词时态(VerbTenses)单项选择1.Myfather___toworkbybikeeveryday,butyesterdayhe___bycar.A.go;goB.goes;wentC.went;goesD.goes;goes2.—What___you___at8o'clocklastnight?—IwaswatchingTV.A.do;doB.did;doC.were;doingD.are;doing3.We___inthisschoolforthreeyears.Wewillgraduatenextsummer.A.studyB.studiedC.havestudiedD.willstudy4.BythetimeIgottothestation,thetrain___already___.A.has;leftB.had;leftC.will;leaveD.is;leaving5.Look!Thechildren___kitesinthepark.A.flyB.flewC.areflyingD.willfly九、动词语态(Voice)单项选择1.English___bymanypeoplearoundtheworld.A.speakB.speaksC.isspokenD.wasspoken2.Thebridge___in2019.Nowit'sveryconvenientforpeopletocrosstheriver.A.buildsB.builtC.wasbuiltD.isbuilt3.You___tofinishyourhomeworkbeforedinner.A.arerequiredB.requireC.requiredD.arerequiring十、非谓语动词(Non-finiteVerbs)单项选择A.nottospendB.tonotspendC.don'tspendD.notspend2.Ienjoy___booksinmyfreetime.A.readB.readingC.toreadD.reads3.Theteacheraskedus___theclassroomafterschool.A.cleanB.cleaningC.tocleanD.cleaned十一、情态动词(ModalVerbs)单项选择1.You___bequietinthelibrary.Everyoneisreading.A.canB.mayC.mustD.could2.—___Iborrowyourdictionary?—Sure,hereyouare.A.MustB.ShouldC.MayD.Need3.He___beathomenow,becausethelightinhisroomisoff.A.mustn'tB.can'tC.needn'tD.shouldn't十二、句子种类(SentenceTypes)单项选择1.___beautifulflowerstheyare!A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa2.___carefullyheiswriting!A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa3.Let'sgotothepark,___?A.willyouB.shallweC.doweD.don'twe十三、宾语从句(ObjectClauses)单项选择1.Idon'tknow___themeetingwillstart.Maybeat9o'clock.A.whereB.whenC.whyD.how2.Sheaskedme___Ihadseenherkeys.A.thatB.ifC.whatD.who3.Couldyoutellme___thenearestpostofficeis?A.whatB.howC.whereD.when十四、状语从句(AdverbialClauses)单项选择1.Iwillgotothepartywithyou___Ifinishmyhomework.A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.whileA.WheneverB.WhateverC.HoweverD.Wherever3.Heransofast___hewontherace.A.thatB.soC.becauseD.if十五、定语从句(AttributiveClauses)单项选择1.Thisisthebook___Iboughtyesterday.Ilikeitverymuch.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose2.Thegirl___isstandingunderthetreeismysister.A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.whom3.Thisistheroom___welivedlastyear.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when---参考答案与解析一、名词1.C解析：potato的复数形式为potatoes，two后接可数名词复数。2.C解析：paper作“纸”讲时为不可数名词，表达“一张纸”用"apieceofpaper"。3.B解析：句意“这个城市的人口在过去几年增长了很多”。population表示“人口”。二、代词1.A解析：第一空后无名词，用名词性物主代词yours；第二空前有介词to，用人称代词宾格her。2.C解析：It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语"tolearnEnglishwell"。3.B解析：根据“两本书都很有趣”和“我不能决定选哪一本”，可知“我两本都要”，用both。三、冠词1.A解析：“中国的首都”是特指，用定冠词the；“一座古老的城市”是泛指，ancient以元音音素开头，用an。2.B解析：play后接球类运动不加冠词，接乐器类名词前要加定冠词the。3.C解析：“the+形容词”表示一类人，thepoor指“穷人”，thesick指“病人”。四、数词1.A解析：第一空表示数量“七天”，用基数词seven；第二空表示顺序“第三天”，用序数词third。2.B解析：分数的表达法：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于一时，分母用复数形式。3.C解析：“inone's+整十的复数形式”表示“在某人几十多岁时”。五、介词1.A解析：在具体时刻前用介词at；"atnoon"是固定搭配，意为“在中午”。2.A解析："beinterestedin..."意为“对……感兴趣”；"booksonscience"意为“关于科学的书”。3.C解析："attheendof..."是固定搭配，意为“在……末尾/尽头”。六、连词1.A解析："either...or..."意为“要么……要么……”，符合句意“你可以待在家里，也可以出去玩”。2.B解析：although意为“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，符合句意“尽管雨下得很大，我们还是准时去上学了”。3.B解析：第一空表示“是否”，可用if或whether；第二空引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，用if。whether不能引导条件状语从句。七、形容词与副词1.B解析：由than可知用比较级，interesting的比较级是moreinteresting。2.C解析：inhisclass表示范围，用最高级fastest，副词最高级前的the可省略。3.B解析：修饰动词listen，用副词carefully。八、动词时态1.B解析：everyday是一般现在时的标志，主语myfather是第三人称单数，用goes；yesterday是一般过去时的标志，用went。2.C解析：at8o'clocklastnight是过去进行时的标志，结构为"was/were+doing"。3.C解析：forthreeyears是现在完成时的标志，结构为"have/has+过去分词"。4.B解析：bythetime引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时，表示“过去的过去”。5.C解析：Look!是现在进行时的标志，结构为"am/is/are+doing"。九、动词语态1.C解析：English和speak之间是被动关系，且表示客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态"isspoken"。2.C解析：bridge和build之间是被动关系，in2019是一般过去时的标志，用一般过去时的被动语态"wasbuilt"。3.A解析：you和require之间是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态"arerequired"。"berequiredtodosth"意为“被要求做某事”。十、非谓语动词1.A解析："tellsbnottodosth"意为“告诉某人不要做某事”。2.B解析：enjoy后接动名词作宾语，"enjoydoingsth"意为“喜欢做某事”。3.C解析："asksbtodosth"意为“要求某人做某事”。十一、情态动词1.C解析：must表示“必须”，符合句意“在图书馆你必须保持安静”。2.C解析：may表示请求许可，意为“可以”，符合句意“我可以借你的字典吗？”。3.B解析：can't表示否定推测，意为“不可能”，符合句意“他现在不可能在家，因为他房间的灯是关着的