2025-2026学年陕西省西安某中学高二上学期第一次月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1陕西省西安某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期第一次月考英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AApplyandFly—Fly-inProgramsforCollegeVisitsCollegefly-inprogramsareopportunitiesforhighschoolstudentstovisitcollegesoverthecourseofafewdaysandmeetstudentsfromallaroundtheworldwithvariousinterests.Thevisitisatnocosttothestudent.Youshouldapplyifyoureallywanttogotothatcollegeorifyou’renotquitesurewhatlivingtherewouldbelike.Applyingtakestime,sodon’tdoitunlessyou’reseriouslyconsideringtheschool—thattimecouldbebetterspentonyourcollegeapplicationsandinternships(实习).TimelineandTips:1.Doyourresearchearly.Makealistofyourtargetcolleges.Dotheyhaveafly-inprogram?Whenistheapplicationdue?2.Writeandeditessays.Bydoingso,you’retakingbabystepstowardtheprocessofsubmittingthedemandingcollegeessays.3.Submit!(Preferablyacoupleofdaysbeforethedeadline,justincase.)4.Wait.Generally,studentswillreceiveresultsatleasttwoweeksbeforetheevent.ResultsDay:Readtheemailcarefully.Waitlisted?Ifyouwishtoremainonthelist,youmayhavetoemailbackwithinacertaintimeframe(it’llsayintheemail)tokeepyourspot.ACCEPTED!Congratulations!Makesureyoudothefollowing:1.Submitpermissionformsontime.Donotloseyourspotbyforgettingtodoso.2.Packatleasttwodaysbefore!Last-minutepackingleadstoforgottenitems.3.Joinagroupchat.Tapping“add”ongroupchatsiseasierandfasterthanswappingphonenumbers.Plus,youwillprobablyonlygetthenumbersofthehandfulofstudentsyou’llactuallykeepintouchwith.Whoknows,youmightendupatthesamecollege!1.Whyarefly-inprogramsoffered?A.Toassessstudents’levels.B.Todevelopstudents’interests.C.Toexposestudentstocollegelife.D.Tocollectstudentfeedbackoncolleges.2.Whatareapplicantsoffly-inprogramsadvisedtodo?A.Planforpotentialfees. B.Makealistofprograms.C.Provideevidenceofresearch. D.Avoidlast-minutesubmission.3.Whichofthefollowingmethodsdoesthetextsuggestforreachingotherattendees?A.Emails. B.Messaginggroups.C.Phonecalls. D.In-personmeetups.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了免费的大学飞行访问项目，说明申请原因、时间规划与建议，以及申请结果公布后的应对事项，助力高中生了解大学生活。【1题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Collegefly-inprogramsareopportunitiesforhighschoolstudentstovisitcollegesoverthecourseofafewdaysandmeetstudentsfromallaroundtheworldwithvariousinterests.Thevisitisatnocosttothestudent.(大学飞行项目是高中生在几天的时间里参观大学的机会，并与来自世界各地有不同兴趣的学生见面。这次访问对学生来说是免费的。)”以及第二段中“Youshouldapplyifyoureallywanttogotothatcollegeorifyou’renotquitesurewhatlivingtherewouldbelike.(如果你真的想去那所大学，或者不确定在那里生活会是什么样，你就应该申请。)”由此可以推断出，这个项目是为了让高中生体验大学生活。故选C项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据“TimelineandTips”部分提到“Submit!(Preferablyacoupleofdaysbeforethedeadline,justincase.)(提交申请！（最好在截止日期前几天提交，以防万一。）)”这表明建议申请者避免在最后一刻提交申请。故选D项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据“ACCEPTED!”部分提到“Joinagroupchat.Tapping“add”ongroupchatsiseasierandfasterthanswappingphonenumbers.Plus,youwillprobablyonlygetthenumbersofthehandfulofstudentsyou’llactuallykeepintouchwith.Whoknows,youmightendupatthesamecollege!(加入群聊。在群聊中点击“添加”比交换电话号码更容易、更快捷。此外，你可能只会得到少数几个你真正会保持联系的学生的电话号码。谁知道呢，你们可能最终会在同一所大学！)”由此可知文章建议通过群聊（Messaginggroups）与其他参加者联系。故选B项。BAtfirstsight,Easthopedoesn’tseemmuchlikeaCassandra.Shesmilesalot.Hermanneriskindandmotherly;pushedtonameherprofession,youmightguessatnurseorteacher.Butlookcloser.Easthopeisanemergencyplannerwhosejobistosupportthesurvivorsofmajordisasters,inwhichcapacitysheactedfollowingthe2004IndianOceantsunamiandthefireatGrenfellTower.Fortwodecades,thepublicknewnothingaboutthisvitalwork,whichwentonbehindthescenes,thoughshewashugelyadmiredinwhatwemightcallprofessionaldisastercircles:avoiceofcalmandafountainofwisdom.Butin2023,shepublishedabest-sellingbookabouthercareer,WhentheDustSettles,andthatchanged.Peoplebecameveryinterestedinwhatshedid.“Atliteraryfestivals,mostauthorsgetquestionsabouttheirwritingprocess,”Easthopesays.“ButIwouldn’tgetthose.WhatpeoplewantedfrommewastoknowhowIlivedwiththeknowledgethatIhave.Wasn’tIafraid?HowdidIhandle?IwouldtellthemthatIdidn’tliveafraid,andIwouldgivethembasicadvice.Butthiswasn’tenough.”Intheend,shefeltshehadnochoicebuttowriteasecondbook,oneinwhichshewouldtrytodistill(浓缩)allthatshehaslearnedforthebenefitofeachindividual.WhileherpublisherdescribesComeWhatMayasaroadmapforresilience(韧性),thewordisoneEasthopedislikes.Ready,shesuggests,isabetterone.Easthopealsoremindspeoplethatsmallthings,likelosinghairduringillnessorconsumingtoomuchfoodaftersomeonedies,stillmatter.Sheencouragespeopletoremember,nottoforget,whathappenedduringdisasters,becausesucheventsleavealong-lastingeffect.4.WhatmightaCassandrabelikeaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Severeandforbidding. B.Competentandcautious.C.Friendlyandenergetic. D.Cheerfulandapproachable.5.WhatledtoincreasedpublicawarenessofEasthope’sworkin2023?A.Thepublicationofabestseller.B.Thegrowthofprofessionaldisastercircles.C.Herinvolvementin2004tsunamirelief.D.Hersuddenrisetofamethroughmedia.6.Whyarereaders’questionscitedinparagraph3?A.TorevealEasthope’spersonalfears.B.ToexplainEasthope’swritingprocess.C.ToshowEasthope’swritingmotivation.D.TopresentpublicdoubtsaboutEasthope’swork.7.WhatdoesEasthopeagreeonhandlingdisasters?A.Resiliencemattersmost. B.Forgettingaidsrecovery.C.Positivethinkingtakesthelead. D.Minorsufferingsdeserveattention.【答案】4.A5.A6.C7.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述身为应急规划师的伊斯特霍普看似温和，实则曾参与重大灾害救援，此前公众鲜少知晓她。2023年出书后受关注，因读者需求再著书分享经验，她认为应对灾难应关注细微痛苦、铭记灾害影响。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Atfirstsight,Easthopedoesn’tseemmuchlikeaCassandra.Shesmilesalot.Hermanneriskindandmotherly;pushedtonameherprofession,youmightguessatnurseorteacher.(初看之下，伊斯特霍普似乎一点都不像“卡珊德拉式的人物”。她笑容爽朗，举止亲切又充满母性；若非要说出她的职业，你或许会猜是护士或教师)”可知，伊斯特霍普笑容爽朗，举止亲切又充满母性，一点都不像“卡珊德拉式的人物”。由此推知，“卡珊德拉式的人物”是严肃且不易亲近的。故选A。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Fortwodecades,thepublicknewnothingaboutthisvitalwork,whichwentonbehindthescenes,thoughshewashugelyadmiredinwhatwemightcallprofessionaldisastercircles:avoiceofcalmandafountainofwisdom.Butin2023,shepublishedabest-sellingbookabouthercareer,WhentheDustSettles,andthatchanged.Peoplebecameveryinterestedinwhatshedid.(20年来，公众对这项在幕后进行的至关重要的工作一无所知，尽管她在我们所谓的专业灾难界受到极大的钦佩：她是一种冷静的声音和智慧的源泉。但在2023年，她出版了一本关于她职业生涯的畅销书《WhentheDustSettles》，情况发生了变化。人们对她的所作所为非常感兴趣)”可知，2003年出版的畅销书后让公众对伊斯特霍普的工作有了更多认识。故选A。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“IwouldtellthemthatIdidn’tliveafraid,andIwouldgivethembasicadvice.Butthiswasn’tenough.”Intheend,shefeltshehadnochoicebuttowriteasecondbook,oneinwhichshewouldtrytodistill(浓缩) allthatshehaslearnedforthebenefitofeachindividual.(“我会告诉他们，我并非在恐惧中生活，也会给他们一些基础建议。但这远远不够。”最终，她觉得自己别无选择，只能再写一本书——在这本书里，她会努力将自己所学的一切浓缩提炼，为每一个普通人带来帮助)”推知，作者在第三段引用那些问题的目的是为了展示伊斯特霍普写作的动力。故选C。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Easthopealsoremindspeoplethatsmallthings,likelosinghairduringillnessorconsumingtoomuchfoodaftersomeonedies,stillmatter.Sheencouragespeopletoremember,nottoforget,whathappenedduringdisasters,becausesucheventsleavealong-lastingeffect.(伊斯特霍普还提醒人们，一些看似微小的事——比如生病时脱发、或是有人离世后因情绪波动暴饮暴食——其实都值得关注。她鼓励人们铭记灾害发生时的种种经历，而非选择遗忘，因为这类事件会留下深远持久的影响)”可知，在应对灾难方面伊斯特霍普提醒人们关注细微的痛苦。故选D。CHollywoodmayhavewarnedabouttherisksofstrikinguprelationshipswithartificialintelligence,butonecomputerscientistsayswemaybemissingatrickifwedonotembracethepositivesthathuman-machinerelationshipshavetooffer.TonyPrescott,professorofcognitiveroboticsattheUniversityofSheffield,arguesthatAIhasanimportantroletoplayinpreventinghumanloneliness.Justaswedevelopmeaningfulbondswithpets,andhavenoreservationsaboutchildrenplayingwithdolls,soshouldwebeopentothevalueofAItoadults,hesays.“Humanlonelinessisoftencharacterisedbyadownwardspiral(螺旋线)inwhichisolationleadstolowerself-esteem(自尊),whichdiscouragesfurtherinteractionwithpeople,”Prescottwritesinanewbook.ThePsychologyofArtificialIntelligence.“TheremaybewaysinwhichAIcompanionshipcouldhelpbreakthiscyclebyboostingfeelingsofself-worthandhelpingmaintainorimprovesocialskills.Ifso,relationshipswithAIscouldsupportpeopletofindcompanionshipwithhumanandartificialothers.”WithmorethanathirdofAmericansreporting“seriousloneliness,”thelonelinessproblemhasbecomeevidentinrecentyears.WhetherAIcan,orshould,bepartofthesolutionisnotanewdebate.SherryTurkle,professorofsocialscienceatMIT,haswarnedthatformingrelationshipswithmachinescouldbackfire,andleadpeopletohavefewersecureandfulfillinghumanrelationships.MuraliDoraiswamy,professorofmedicineatDukeUniversity,said:“Rightnow,alltheevidencepointstohavingaclosehumanfriendasthebestsolutionforloneliness.Butuntilsocietyprioritizessocialconnectedness,robotsareasolutionforthemillionsofpeoplewhohavenofriends.”ResearchersmaysoonknowwhetherpeopleturntoAIforcompany.Techfirmsarebuildingchatbotstobeevermorefluentandresponsivetoemotions.Thisweek,itemergedthatOpenAIaskedScarlettJohanssontobethevoiceoftheirlatestchatbot,GPT-4o,to“helpconsumerstofeelcomfortable”.Johanssondeclined,butthechatbotwasreleasedwithavoicethatfriendsandfamilythoughtwashers.OpenAIhassincesuspended(中止)thevoiceoption“outofrespectforMsJohansson”.8.WhatdothepetsanddollsmentionedinParagraph2helpillustrate?A.Thelimitationsofhuman-AIrelationshipsindailylife.B.ThepotentialforAItoprovidesimilarcompanionship.C.ThepossibilityforAItoreplacetraditionalcompanions.D.TheoverestimationofAI’sroleinendinghumanloneliness.9.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“thiscycle”inParagraph3referto?A.TherepeateduseofAIandothersforcompanionship.B.TheconsistentfailureofhumanrelationshipswithAI.C.Theprocessofdevelopinghumanself-worthandsocialskills.D.Thepatternofisolation,lowerself-esteemandfurtherisolation.10.WhoexpressesconcernthatAIcompanionshipcouldweakenhumanconnections?A.TonyPrescott. B.SherryTurkle.C.MuraliDoraiswamy. D.ScarlettJohansson.11.Whichcentralquestiondoesthetextmainlyexplore?A.CouldAIcontributetoincreasedloneliness?B.WillAIcompanionshipreplacehumaninteraction?C.CanAIbeusedasaneffectivesolutionforloneliness?D.IsAIcompanionshippreferabletotraditionalrelationships?【答案】8.B9.D10.B11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨了人工智能伴侣是否能成为解决人类孤独感的有效方案，以及这一观点引发的不同看法。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“TonyPrescott,professorofcognitiveroboticsattheUniversityofSheffield,arguesthatAIhasanimportantroletoplayinpreventinghumanloneliness.Justaswedevelopmeaningfulbondswithpets,andhavenoreservationsaboutchildrenplayingwithdolls,soshouldwebeopentothevalueofAItoadults,hesays.(UniversityofSheffield认知机器人教授TonyPrescott认为，人工智能在防止人类孤独感方面发挥着重要作用。他说，就像我们与宠物建立起有意义的纽带，对孩子玩洋娃娃毫无保留一样，我们也应该对人工智能对成年人的价值持开放态度。)”可知，第二段中提到的宠物和娃娃有助于说明人工智能提供类似陪伴的潜力。故选B。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Humanlonelinessisoftencharacterisedbyadownwardspiral(螺旋线)inwhichisolationleadstolowerself-esteem(自尊),whichdiscouragesfurtherinteractionwithpeople(人类孤独的特征通常是螺旋式下降，在这种情况下，孤立会导致自尊降低，从而阻碍与他人的进一步互动)”可知，孤独感会导致一个向下的螺旋，即孤立导致自尊降低，进而阻碍与他人的进一步互动，因此thiscycle指的是孤立，低自尊和进一步孤立的这种模式，故选D。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“SherryTurkle,professorofsocialscienceatMIT,haswarnedthatformingrelationshipswithmachinescouldbackfire,andleadpeopletohavefewersecureandfulfillinghumanrelationships.(麻省理工学院（MIT）社会科学教授SherryTurkle警告说，与机器建立关系可能会适得其反，导致人们的人际关系更缺少安全感和令人满意度。)”可知，SherryTurkle表达了对AI陪伴可能降低人类关系质量的担忧。故选B。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“TonyPrescott,professorofcognitiveroboticsattheUniversityofSheffield,arguesthatAIhasanimportantroletoplayinpreventinghumanloneliness.(UniversityofSheffield认知机器人教授TonyPrescott认为，人工智能在防止人类孤独感方面发挥着重要作用。)”和第四段“WhetherAIcan,orshould,bepartofthesolutionisnotanewdebate.SherryTurkle,professorofsocialscienceatMIT,haswarnedthatformingrelationshipswithmachinescouldbackfire,andleadpeopletohavefewersecureandfulfillinghumanrelationships.(人工智能是否可以或应该成为解决方案的一部分，并不是一个新的争论。麻省理工学院（MIT）社会科学教授SherryTurkle警告说，与机器建立关系可能会适得其反，导致人们的人际关系更少安全和令人满意。)”可知，本文主要探讨了人工智能伴侣是否能成为解决人类孤独感的有效方案，以及这一观点引发的不同看法，因此这篇文章主要探讨的是人工智能能否有效解决孤独感。故选C。DBritain’shousingcrisishascreatedadistinctgenerationaldivide.Whileoldergenerationsoftenownproperty,millionsofyoungadultsfaceincreasingrentsandunachievablehomeownership.Arecentofficialreportwarnsthat630,000peopleunder35mayfacehomelessnessinoldageduetochronicshortagesofaffordablehomes.Thiscrisisoriginatesfromdecadesofpolicyfailure.Sincethemid-1990s,housepriceshaveskyrocketeddramatically,wideningthegapbetweenpropertyownersandothers.Governmentprojectslike“Help-to-Buy”intendedtoassistfirst-timebuyersinsteadinflatedpricesfurther,makinghousinglessaccessible.Universitygraduatescarryheavydebtsfromtuitionfeesexceedingannuallysince2010,weakeningtheirsavingspotential.Therentalmarketofferslittlerelief.Privaterentershavejumpedfrom2.8millionto4.5millionhouseholdssince2007,withthoseaged25-34consistingofoverathird.Yetrentersfaceinstabilityandexploitation.“No-faultdrivings”allowlandlordstoendrentingswithoutcause,whilerentsexceedwagegrowth.Evensocialhousingrentersexperiencewideninginequalitycomparedtohomeowners.Policyresponsesareemergingbutcontroversial.LondonMayorSadiqKhanproposedalandlordregistryandrentcontrolcommissiontoregulatetheprivatesector.Scotlandhasestablished“rentpressurezones”tostopincreases.TheLabourPartyadvocatesabolishingno-faultdrivings,arguingthatsecurerightofhabitationareessentialfordignity.Ultimately,thisisaboutintergenerationalfairness.Afunctionalsocietycannotthrivewhenyoungercitizensbearunreasonableburdens.Asoneanalystnotes:“Wedependontheyoungtosustainourfuture-denyingthemhousingsecuritydamageseveryone.”12.Whatdoestheofficialreportpredictaboutyoungadults?A.Unachievablehugeproperty. B.Universalelderlypoverty.C.Persistentrentingdifficulties. D.Long-termhousinginsecurity.13.Whatbringsaboutthehousingcrisis?A.Consistentpolicyresponses. B.Students’reduceddebtburden.C.Decades-longpolicyfailure. D.Stablerentalmarket.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Effortsshouldbemadetocreateasustainablesociety.B.Youngadults’housingsecurityshouldbeguaranteed.C.Thepropertyofoldergenerationsshouldbepassedon.D.Theyoungshouldberesponsibleforintergenerationalfairness.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Housing:PricingouttheYoung?B.Policy:RegulatingthePrivateOwners?C.Landlords:ForcedtoAcceptRentHikes?D.RentalControl:SolvingtheRenter-landlordConflicts?【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了英国住房危机造成代际分化，政策失败是根源，需保障年轻人住房安全。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Arecentofficialreportwarnsthat630,000peopleunder35mayfacehomelessnessinoldageduetochronicshortagesofaffordablehomes.(一份最新的官方报告警告称，由于长期缺乏经济适用房，63万35岁以下的人可能在老年时面临无家可归的风险)”可知，官方报告预测年轻人将长期面临住房无保障的问题。故选D。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thiscrisisoriginatesfromdecadesofpolicyfailure.(这场危机源于几十年的政策失败)”可知，几十年的政策失败导致了住房危机。故选C。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Asoneanalystnotes:“Wedependontheyoungtosustainourfuture-denyingthemhousingsecuritydamageseveryone.”(正如一位分析师所指出的那样：“我们依靠年轻人来维持我们的未来——剥夺他们的住房保障会损害所有人。”)”可知，年轻人的住房安全应该得到保障，负责会影响所有人。故选B。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Britain’shousingcrisishascreatedadistinctgenerationaldivide.(英国的住房危机造成了明显的代际分化)”可知，本文主要讲述了英国的住房危机造成了明显的代际分化，年轻人面临着租房难和买不起房的问题，因此选项A“住房：将年轻人排挤出市场？”适合作为文章标题。故选A。第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有两项为多余选项。Everyoneknowsthatittakes21daystodevelopanewhabit.Weprobablyowethisparticularexampleofpop-psychologywisdomtoMaxwellMaltz,theplasticsurgeonwhoclaimedtohaveobservedthatindividualswhohadanarmorlegcutofftookanaverageofonly21daystoadjusttothelossofalimb(肢体).____16____.Andthereforeitmusttake21daystochangeahabit,maybe,perhaps!____17____,asanewstudybypsychologistPhillippaLallyandhercolleagueshelpsconfirm.Onaverage,hersubjects,whoweretryingtolearnnewhabitssuchaseatingfruitdailyorgoingjogging,tookadepressing66daysbeforereportingthatthebehaviourhadbecomeunchanginglyautomatic.____18____.Itcouldn’tbejustaseasytostarteatingafewmoreapplesastostartfindingfivehoursaweektostudyChinese.Self-helpculturestickstothefictionofthe21-dayrule,probablybecauseitmakeshabitchangesoundbasicallyeasy.____19____.Ourbrainsaredesignedtotakeshortcuts,makingasmanybehavioursaspossibleautomatic.“Really,”asksthepsychologistIanNewby-Clark,“whatwouldbethepointofhavingahabitthatdidn’tfreeupyourmindtofocusonmorepressingmatters?”Habitsaremeanttobedifficulttochange.Anotherproblemisthatwetendtothinkabouthabitchangewrongly.Wewantto,say,stopwatchingsomuchTV,butontheotherhand,demonstrably,wealsowanttowatchlotsofTV—afterall,wekeepdoingit.We’restuckdeepinwhattheGreekscalled“akrasia”:decidingonthebestcourseofaction,thendoingsomethingelse.___20___.SimplystopwatchingTVislikedealingwithaleakybathroomtapbyrepaintingthekitchen.What’srequiredisanalternativewaytofeelrelaxedandhappy.Maybebylookingattheproblemdifferentlywecanslipoutofthem.A.Thisis,ofcourse,nonsenseB.The21-dayruledoeshavesomescientificbasisC.WebelievethathabitsarepurelyamatterofwillpowerD.ThewayroundthisistoseethathabitsareresponsestoneedsE.Therefore,hereasonedthesamemustbetrueofallbigchangesF.Andsomehabits,unsurprisingly,wereharderthanotherstomakestickG.Oneproblemwiththisisdiscouraginglysimple:changinghabitsishard【答案】16.E17.A18.F19.G20.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文探讨了关于习惯改变的一些常见误解，特别是“21天养成一个新习惯”的说法。【16题详析】根据前文“Weprobablyowethisparticularexampleofpop-psychologywisdomtoMaxwellMaltz,theplasticsurgeonwhoclaimedtohaveobservedthatindividualswhohadanarmorlegcutofftookanaverageofonly21daystoadjusttothelossofalimb(肢体).

(我们可能要把这个流行心理学智慧的特别例子归功于整形外科医生MaxwellMaltz，他声称自己观察到，失去一条胳膊或一条腿的人平均只需要21天就能适应一条肢体的失去。)”可知，此处陈述了MaxwellMaltz的观点。E选项“Therefore,hereasonedthesamemustbetrueofallbigchanges(因此，他推断所有大的变化都是如此)”承接前文，选项中的he指代前文的MaxwellMaltz，符合语境。故选E。【17题详析】根据前文“Andthereforeitmusttake21daystochangeahabit,maybe,perhaps!(因此，改变一个习惯必须花21天，也许，也许！)”以及后文“asanewstudybypsychologistPhillippaLallyandhercolleagueshelpsconfirm.

Onaverage,hersubjects,whoweretryingtolearnnewhabitssuchaseatingfruitdailyorgoingjogging,tookadepressing66daysbeforereportingthatthebehaviourhadbecomeunchanginglyautomatic.

(如同心理学家PhillippaLally和她的同事的一项新研究帮助证实的。她的研究对象试图养成新习惯，比如每天吃水果或慢跑，他们平均花了令人沮丧的66天时间才报告说，这些行为已经变成了习惯性的行为。)”可知，MaxwellMaltz认为改变一个习惯必须花21天时间，但是PhillippaLally和她的同事的一项新研究证实了MaxwellMaltz所提出的观点是错误的。A选项“Thisis,ofcourse,nonsense(当然，这是无稽之谈)”直接反驳了第一段的观点，this指代前文的观点的内容即改变一个习惯必须花21天，该选项符合语境。故选A。【18题详析】根据后文“Itcouldn’tbejustaseasytostarteatingafewmoreapplesastostartfindingfivehoursaweektostudyChinese.(开始多吃几个苹果不可能像开始每周抽出五个小时学习中文那么容易。)”可知，此处强调多吃几个苹果不可能像每周抽出五个小时学习中文那么容易。F选项“Andsomehabits,unsurprisingly,wereharderthanotherstomakestick(不出所料，有些习惯比其他习惯更难坚持)”直接指出了不同习惯养成的难易程度不同，照应后文中将吃苹果和学韩语相对比的例子。故选F。【19题详析】根据前文“Self-helpculturestickstothefictionofthe21-dayrule,probablybecauseitmakeshabitchangesoundbasicallyeasy.(自助文化坚持21天规则的虚构，可能是因为它使习惯改变听起来基本上很容易。)”强调自我帮助文化坚持“21天规则”的虚构，可能是因为它想让习惯改变听起来很容易。G选项“Oneproblemwiththisisdiscouraginglysimple:changinghabitsishard(一个简单得令人沮丧的问题是：改变习惯很难)”可知，该选项指出了坚持21天规则的一个主要问题，即改变习惯很难，对上述观点进行了反驳，指出了改变习惯的真正难度。故选G。【20题详析】根据前文“Anotherproblemisthatwetendtothinkabouthabitchangewrongly.Wewantto,say,stopwatchingsomuchTV,butontheotherhand,demonstrably,wealsowanttowatchlotsofTV——afterall,wekeepdoingit.We’restuckdeepinwhattheGreekscalled“akrasia”:decidingonthebestcourseofaction,thendoingsomethingelse.

(另一个问题是，我们倾向于错误地思考习惯的改变。比如说，我们想停止看那么多电视，但另一方面，很明显，我们也想看很多电视——毕竟，我们一直在看电视。我们深陷希腊人所说的“akrasia”：决定最好的行动方针，然后做其他事情。)”可知，前面提到的是我们在习惯改变上的错误思维方式，即想要做某事（如少看电视），但实际上却继续做其它的事。D选项“Thewayroundthisistoseethathabitsareresponsestoneeds(解决这个问题的方法是认识到习惯是对需求的反应)”针对前文的问题提出了解决方案即要理解并满足我们的真正需求，而不是简单地错误地改变某个习惯。故选D。第三部分语言知识运用(共三节，满分45分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选画可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Inaninspiringturnofevents,awomaninher70shasbecomeamodelthankstoachanceencounterwithastranger.PhotographerChristopherWard,whorecentlystarted____21____strangerstotaketheirphotosasaformofpersonaltherapy(治疗),launchedaprojectcalled“ModelStrangers.”Throughthisproject,hetakesphotosandvideosofpeoplehefinds“beautiful,”____22____theiruniquestories.Earlierthisyear,WardmetAnneoutsideofBelfastCityHall.Duringavideointerview,Annesharedthatsheisa(n)____23____andretiringpersonwho,likemanyofus,struggleswithself-esteem.Thevideooftheirencounterwent___24___,amassingover40millionviewsacrosssocialmediaplatforms.“Shehasbecomea____25____ofsortsaroundBelfast,beingstoppedbypeoplewhohavethankedherforbeinganinspirationtothem,”Wardshared.Anne’s____26____famehasledtomodelingopportunitieswithKindredofIreland,andshehasevenbeen____27____withACAModels,thelongeststandingandmostsuccessfulmodellingagencyinNorthernIreland.Anne’sfavoritepartofhernewcareerisprovingtoherselfthatlifedoesn’t____28____at70.“It’snotoverassoonasyou____29____70,”shetoldSWNS.She’sbeen_____30_____bythepositivereactionsfrompeoplewhostopheronthestreet.“It’swonderfultoseethatanolderwomancanshineandmakea_____31_____,”sheadded.Anne’sstoryisabeautiful_____32_____thatit’snevertoolateto_____33_____newopportunitiesandthatsometimes,allittakesisa_____34_____encountertochangeone’slife.“Ican’t_____35_____howproudIamofher,”Wardsaid.21.A.demanding B.approaching C.cornering D.tricking22.A.adapting B.inventing C.highlighting D.ignoring23.A.shy B.active C.confident D.proud24.A.offline B.cold C.sour D.viral25.A.leader B.celebrity C.target D.millionaire26.A.new-found B.hard-won C.lifelong D.worldwide27.A.charged B.concerned C.signed D.awarded28.A.fail B.end C.progress D.change29.A.hit B.remain C.celebrate D.appear30.A.discouraged B.saddened C.thrilled D.amused31.A.fortune B.point C.difference D.scene32.A.mistake B.wish C.warning D.reminder33.A.reject B.embrace C.present D.miss34.A.worthy B.tense C.strange D.chance35.A.overstate B.underestimate C.oversee D.underplay【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.B26.A27.C28.B29.A30.C31.C32.D33.B34.D35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。一位70多岁的女性安妮在一次偶然的机会中遇到了一位摄影师沃德，并因此成为了模特。摄影师通过拍摄和分享她的照片与故事，让她在当地走红，甚至获得了与爱尔兰著名模特公司合作的机会。这位女性证明了70岁并不是生活的终点，而是可以开启新事业和展现自我价值的新起点。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：摄影师克里斯托弗·沃德最近开始接近陌生人，为他们拍照，作为一种个人治疗方式，他发起了一个名为“模特陌生人”的项目。A.demanding要求；B.approaching接近；C.cornering将……逼入死角；D.tricking捉弄。根据后文“strangerstotaketheirphotos”可知，摄影师克里斯托弗·沃德最近开始接近陌生人，为他们拍照。故选B。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过这个项目，他拍摄了他认为“美丽”的人的照片和视频，突出了他们独特的故事。A.adapting适应；B.inventing发明；C.highlighting强调；D.ignoring忽视。根据后文“theiruniquestories.”可知，通过这个项目，他拍摄了他认为“美丽”的人的照片和视频，突出了他们独特的故事。故选C。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一个视频采访中，安妮分享了她是一个害羞和内向的人，像我们许多人一样，与自尊作斗争。A.shy害羞的；B.active活跃的；C.confident自信的；D.proud骄傲的。根据后文“andretiringpersonwho,likemanyofus,struggleswithself-esteem.”可知，安妮分享了她是一个害羞和内向的人。故选A。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们相遇的视频迅速走红，在社交媒体平台上积累了超过4000万的观看量。A.offline离线的；B.cold冷的；C.sour酸的；D.viral病毒性的（此处指迅速传播的）。根据后文“amassingover40millionviewsacrosssocialmediaplatforms.”可知，他们相遇的视频迅速走红，在社交媒体平台上积累了超过4000万的观看量。goviral“走红”是固定搭配。故选D。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在贝尔法斯特，她已经成为了一位名人，许多人会停下来感谢她给他们带来的激励。A.leader领导者；B.celebrity名人；C.target目标；D.millionaire百万富翁。根据前文“amassingover40millionviewsacrosssocialmediaplatforms.”以及后文“beingstoppedbypeoplewhohavethankedherforbeinganinspirationtothem,”可知，安妮已经成为了一位名人，许多人会停下来感谢她给他们带来的激励。故选B。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：安妮的新名声给她带来了与 KindredofIreland的模特机会，她甚至与北爱尔兰历史最悠久、最成功的模特经纪公司ACAModels签约。A.new-found新获得的；B.hard-won艰难获得的；C.lifelong终生的；D.worldwide全世界范围的。根据前文“Thevideooftheirencounterwent______,amassingover40millionviewsacrosssocialmediaplatforms.”可知，安妮已经成为了一位名人，她新获得的名声给她带来了与KindredofIreland的模特机会。故选A。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.charged指控；B.concerned关心；C.signed签字；D.awarded授予。根据后文“withACAModels,thelongeststandingandmostsuccessfulmodellingagencyinNorthernIreland.”可知，安妮的新名声给她带来了与KindredofIreland的模特机会，她甚至与北爱尔兰历史最悠久、最成功的模特经纪公司ACAModels签约。故选C。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她的新事业中，安妮最喜欢的部分是向自己证明，生命不会在70岁结束。A.fail失败；B.end结束；C.progress进步；D.change改变。根据后文“It’snotoverassoonasyou_______70,”可知，你到了70岁，生命还没结束，即安妮向自己证明，生命不会在70岁结束。故选B。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你到了70岁还没结束。A.hit达到；B.remain保持；C.celebrate庆祝；D.appear出现。根据后文“70”可知，年龄到了70岁，生命（事业）并没结束。故选A。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对那些在街上拦住她的人的积极反应感到兴奋。A.discouraged气馁的；B.saddened悲伤的；C.thrilled兴奋的；D.amused愉快的。根据后文“bythepositivereactionsfrompeoplewhostopheronthestreet.”可知，她对那些在街上拦住她的人的积极反应感到兴奋。故选C。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她补充说：“看到一位年长的女性也能发光发热、有所作为，真是太棒了。”A.fortune运气；B.point观点；C.difference差异；D.scene场景。根据前文“It’swonderfultoseethatanolderwomancanshine”可知，看到一位年长的女性也能发光发热、有所作为，真是太棒了。makeadifference为固定短语，意为“对……产生影响”。故选C。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：安妮的故事是一个美丽的提醒，提醒我们拥抱新的机会永远不会太晚，有时候，只需要一个偶然的相遇就能改变一个人的生活。A.mistake错误；B.wish希望；C.warning警告；D.reminder提醒物。根据后文“thatit’snevertoolateto________newopportunitiesandthatsometimes”可知，安妮的故事对于人们来说是一个美丽的提醒。故选D。