2025-2026学年四川省成都市某中学高二上学期10月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1四川省成都市某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题第Ⅰ卷第一部分：听力（略）第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节：（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASciencemuseumsaremagicalplaceswherecuriositymeetsdiscovery.Thefollowingarefouroftheworld’smostamazingsciencemuseumsthateverytechenthusiastshouldvisit!TheExploratorium(SanFrancisco,USA)LocatedinSanFrancisco,theExploratoriumisaninteractivesciencemuseumwherevisitorscantouch,play,andexperiment.Itfeaturesover600exhibits,includingagiantbubblemakerandatornadosimulator(模拟器).Themuseumencourageshands-onlearning,makingsciencefunforallages.DeutschesMuseum(Munich,Germany)Asoneoftheworld’slargestscienceandtechnologymuseums,theDeutschesMuseumdisplayshistoricinventionslikethefirstautomobileandearlyairplanes.Withexhibitsrangingfromastronomy(天文学)torobotics,itoffersadeepdiveintoGermany’sengineeringachievements.Miraikan(Tokyo,Japan)Miraikan,orthe“MuseumofEmergingScienceandInnovation”,showcasesJapan’scutting-edgetechnology.HighlightsincludeASIMOthehumanoidrobot,areal-timeglobalearthquaketrackerandagiantLEDglobedisplayingEarth’sweatherpatterns.It’saperfectplacetoexplorefuturetechnologies.CosmoCaixa(Barcelona,Spain)CosmoCaixaisfamousforitsimmersiveexhibits,suchasafloodedAmazonrainforestandaplanetarium.Visitorscanwalkthrougharecreatedecosystemorexperimentwithphysicspuzzles.Themuseummakescomplexscientificconceptseasytounderstand.1.Forahistoricinventionenthusiast,whichmuseumsuitshim/herbest?A.DeutschesMuseum. B.TheExploratorium. C.Miraikan. D.CosmoCaixa.2.WhatspecialexperiencedoesMiraikanoffertovisitors?A.AchancetooperateASIMOthehumanoidrobot. B.Adisplayofreal-timeglobalearthquakeactivities.C.AjourneytoexploretechnologiesoffutureJapan. D.Acollectionofhistoricaltechnicalachievements.3.Whatdoallthesesciencemuseumshaveincommon?A.Theyareallrelatedtospaceexploration. B.Theyallcombinetechnologywithhistory.C.Theyallofferengagingexperiences. D.Theyallallowhands-onexperiments.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上最令人惊叹的四个科学博物馆。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据DeutschesMuseum(Munich,Germany)部分的“Asoneoftheworld’slargestscienceandtechnologymuseums,theDeutschesMuseumdisplayshistoricinventionslikethefirstautomobileandearlyairplanes.(作为世界上最大的科技博物馆之一，德意志博物馆展示了历史上的发明，比如第一辆汽车和早期的飞机)”可知，该博物馆的展品展示了历史上的发明。因此对于一个历史发明爱好者，DeutschesMuseum是适合的。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Miraikan(Tokyo,Japan)部分的“HighlightsincludeASIMOthehumanoidrobot,areal-timeglobalearthquaketrackerandagiantLEDglobedisplayingEarth’sweatherpatterns.It’saperfectplacetoexplorefuturetechnologies.(亮点包括人形机器人ASIMO，实时全球地震跟踪器和显示地球天气模式的巨大LED地球仪)”可知，该博物馆给游客提供的特别体验是实时全球地震活动的展示。故选B。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Sciencemuseumsaremagicalplaceswherecuriositymeetsdiscovery.Thefollowingarefouroftheworld’smostamazingsciencemuseumsthateverytechenthusiastshouldvisit!(科学博物馆是充满魔力的地方，这里将好奇心与探索精神完美融合。以下便是全球四家最令人惊叹的科学博物馆，每一位科技爱好者都应前往参观！)”第二段中的“LocatedinSanFrancisco,theExploratoriumisaninteractivesciencemuseumwherevisitorscantouch,play,andexperiment.(探索博物馆位于旧金山，是一个互动式科学博物馆，游客可以触摸，玩耍和实验)”，第三段中的“Asoneoftheworld’slargestscienceandtechnologymuseums,theDeutschesMuseumdisplayshistoricinventionslikethefirstautomobileandearlyairplanes.(作为世界上最大的科技博物馆之一，德意志博物馆展示了历史上的发明，比如第一辆汽车和早期的飞机)”，第四段中的“It’saperfectplacetoexplorefuturetechnologies.(这里是探索未来科技的绝佳场所)”和最后一段中“Visitorscanwalkthrougharecreatedecosystemorexperimentwithphysicspuzzles.

(游客可以在重建的生态系统中漫步，也可以尝试物理谜题)”可知，这四个科学博物馆的共同之处是它们都提供引人入胜的体验。故选C。BDoyouknowtheParadox(悖论)ofChoice?Letmeexplainittoyouwithafruityexample.IfIwastogenerouslyofferyouanapplefrommygloriousbasketoffruit,andpresentyouwithtwodifferentchoices,chancesarethatyou’dquicklymakeachoice.You’dthenlikelywalkaway,feelinghappyandcontentwithyourchoice.Sofarsogood.However,whatmighthappenifIwastodothesame,butgetyoutochoosefromabiggerbasketofdifferentvarieties?Chancesarethatyoumighttakelongertomakeachoice—strugglingtoweighupthebenefitsofeach.Afterthinkingforawhile,youmightexperiencebrainfogandfrustrationanddecideyoudon’twantanappleafterall.Or,youmightchooseoneandwalkoffwithit,onlytowonderifyoumadethecorrectchoice.And,ifbychanceyouactuallychosetheverysameappleasyoudidinourfirstexample,thechancesarethatitwouldn’ttastequiteasgood.Youcanunderstandthereasonforthiswhenyoureadaboutthetheoryoflossaversion.Putsimply,studieshavefoundthatalosshasmorethantwicethepsychologicalimpactofanequivalent(同等的)gain.It’smorepreferabletoavoidlosing£5thantogain£5.Suchisthepainofregretinlosingoutthroughmakinga‘poorchoice’.TheParadoxofChoiceiscommoninmodernsociety.Weliveinaworldofendlesschoice.Neverhavehumanbeingsbeensurroundedbysuchplentifulsupplyandconvenience.Thus,we’vebeensufferingagreatdeal.However,oneideathatI’vefoundhelpfulistogetintoahabitofsettingatimelimitonmakingchoicesandfeelinghappywiththat.Toadoptthisidearequiresustobecomehappywithfindingsomethingthat’sgoodenough,withoutnecessarilybeingthebest.Wecouldrecognisethatourtimeismoreimportantthantheneedtogetanextra10%ontopofwhatisalreadygoodenough.4.Whatprobablyhappenedwhenyouchoseanapplefromthebiggerbasket?A.Youmadeaquickchoice. B.Youmadeawrongchoice.C.Youwerehappywithyourchoice. D.Youweredissatisfiedwithyourchoice.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“aversion”inparagraph3mean?A.Dislike B.Recovery. C.Adjustment. D.Control.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheParadoxofChoice?A.Moreisless. B.Themore,themerrier. C.Bettersafethansorry. D.Don’tcryoverspiltmilk.7.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdo?A.Makeinformedchoices. B.Staypositiveandhappy.C.Settleforgoodenoughchoices. D.Considertimeasthemostimportant.【答案】4.D5.A6.A7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了选择悖论，用选苹果举例说明更多选择易致困扰，结合损失厌恶理论解释，并建议设时限、接受“足够好”的选择。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Afterthinkingforawhile,youmightexperiencebrainfogandfrustrationanddecideyoudon’twantanappleafterall.Or,youmightchooseoneandwalkoffwithit,onlytowonderifyoumadethecorrectchoice.And,ifbychanceyouactuallychosetheverysameappleasyoudidinourfirstexample,thechancesarethatitwouldn’ttastequiteasgood.(思考一会儿后，你可能会感到头脑混乱和沮丧，最终决定你根本不想要苹果了。或者，你可能会选一个然后拿走，却怀疑自己是否做出了正确的选择。而且，如果你碰巧选择了和第一个例子中一样的苹果，很有可能它尝起来不会那么好)”可知，从大篮子里选苹果时，你可能会不满意自己的选择。故选D。【5题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Youcanunderstandthereasonforthiswhenyoureadaboutthetheoryoflossaversion.Putsimply,studieshavefoundthatalosshasmorethantwicethepsychologicalimpactofanequivalent(同等的)gain.It’smorepreferabletoavoidlosing£5thantogain£5.Suchisthepainofregretinlosingoutthroughmakinga‘poorchoice’.(当你阅读损失aversion理论时，你就能理解其中的原因。简单地说，研究发现，损失带来的心理影响是同等收益的两倍多。避免损失5英镑比获得5英镑更可取。这就是因做出“糟糕选择”而错失机会所带来的后悔之痛)”可知，人们更倾向于避免损失，由此可推测出人们不喜欢损失，划线单词aversion的意思是“不喜欢”，与Dislike意义相近。故选A。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“However,whatmighthappenifIwastodothesame,butgetyoutochoosefromabiggerbasketofdifferentvarieties?Chancesarethatyoumighttakelongertomakeachoice—strugglingtoweighupthebenefitsofeach.Afterthinkingforawhile,youmightexperiencebrainfogandfrustrationanddecideyoudon’twantanappleafterall.Or,youmightchooseoneandwalkoffwithit,onlytowonderifyoumadethecorrectchoice.And,ifbychanceyouactuallychosetheverysameappleasyoudidinourfirstexample,thechancesarethatitwouldn’ttastequiteasgood.(然而，如果我也这样做，但让你从一篮子不同的品种中选择，会发生什么？你可能需要更长的时间来做出选择——努力权衡每种选择的好处。思考一会儿后，你可能会感到头脑混乱和沮丧，最终决定你根本不想要苹果了。或者，你可能会选一个然后拿走，却怀疑自己是否做出了正确的选择。而且，如果你碰巧选择了和第一个例子中一样的苹果，很有可能它尝起来不会那么好)”以及第四段“Weliveinaworldofendlesschoice.Neverhavehumanbeingsbeensurroundedbysuchplentifulsupplyandconvenience.Thus,we’vebeensufferingagreatdeal.(我们生活在一个有无尽选择的世界里。人类从未被如此丰富的供应和便利所包围。因此，我们遭受了很多痛苦)”可知，由从两个苹果的选择到更多苹果的选择的例子来看，选择多了反而让人更纠结、更不满意，选择越多，带来的痛苦越多，也就是“多则少”。故选A。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“However,oneideathatI’vefoundhelpfulistogetintoahabitofsettingatimelimitonmakingchoicesandfeelinghappywiththat.Toadoptthisidearequiresustobecomehappywithfindingsomethingthat’sgoodenough,withoutnecessarilybeingthebest.(然而，我发现一个有用的想法是养成设定选择时间限制并对此感到满意的习惯。采用这个想法要求我们对找到足够好的东西感到满意，而不一定是最好的)”可知，作者建议读者接受足够好的选择。故选C。CWhenEvePerezwasinmiddleschool,sheremembersfeelingembarrassedtoshopatsecondhandstores.Surroundedbypeersinnamebrands,Perezfeltliketherewasdisgraceassociatedwithwearingusedclothing.Somethingchangedaroundfiveyearsago,sherecalls—rightaroundthetimethesocialnetworkingplatformTumblrgrewinpopularity.Shenoticedachangeinhowpeopleviewedbuyingandwearingusedclothing.Itbecameafashionablethingtodo.Now,Perez,21,makesupwardsof$1000eachmonthbysellingbothhandmadeandsecondhandclothingonDepop,anonlineresalemarketplacewithayounguserbase.“Secondhandshoppinghasbeennormalized,”Perezsaid,21.“Sincesomanypeoplearedoingit,it’snowseenascooler.It’sseenasbetterthangoingtothemall.Youngerpeoplefinditfun,likeagame.Ahuntforsomethingunique.”Theincreasingreturnsofthathunthaveturnedsecondhandshoppingintoa$28billionindustry,accordingtofindingsfromThirdUp,anonlineconsignmentstore.Secondhandshoppingisnolongerjustalocal,community-drivenhobby—ithaswings.AcceleratingthesenumbersisGenerationZ,whosemembershaveembracedsecondhandfashionfasterthananyotheragegroupandaccountforover40%ofglobalconsumers.ThechangingconsumerhabitsandhugebuyingpowerofGenZaredrivingthevalueofresalestartupslikeDepopskyward.TheappwasacquiredbycraftmarketplaceEtsyina$1.6billioncashdealthismonth,amovedesignedtoextend(延伸)Etsy’sreachintoayoungeranddigitally-nativeaudience.Depopwastheperfecttarget.Designedtoresemble(与……相似)asocialmediaplatform,90%oftheapp’sactiveusersareundertheageof26.“Teenagersdrivingthepopularityofsecondhandfashionisapatternthatcanbeobservedthroughouthistory,”saysJenniferLeZotte,ahistorian.“Youngpeoplearegenerallymoreopentoexperimentingwithstylesandreinventingdifferentversions(版本)ofthemselves.Theywanttosetthemselvesapartfromthepreviousgenerationandtoparticipateincreatingthosestyleswiththeirpeers.”8.WhatdidPerezthinkofsecondhandshoppingwheninmiddleschool?A.Graceful. B.Shameful C.Profitable. D.Fashionable.9.Whathascontributedtothegrowthofthesecondhandshoppingindustry?A.Thegreatjobopportunitiesitcreates. B.Thepromotionofthelocalcommunity.C.Thedeclineoftraditionalshoppingmalls. D.Thepleasureofsearchingforuniqueitems.10.WhydidEtsyacquireDepop?A.Toholdontoitsactiveusers. B.Toattractmoreyoungerusers.C.Tobecomemorecompetitivedigitally. D.Toturnitselfintoasocialmediaplatform.11.AccordingtoLeZotte,whycanteenagerspopularizesecondhandfashion?A.Theyarepioneering. B.Theyareenergetic. C.Theyareeconomical. D.Theyareobservant.【答案】8.B9.D10.B11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了二手购物由曾被视为羞耻变为流行，Z世代推动其成为280亿美元的产业，Etsy也收购Depop以触达年轻用户。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“WhenEvePerezwasinmiddleschool,sheremembersfeelingembarrassedtoshopatsecondhandstores.Surroundedbypeersinnamebrands,Perezfeltliketherewasdisgraceassociatedwithwearingusedclothing.(伊芙·佩雷斯上中学时，她记得自己在二手店购物时感到很尴尬。周围的同学都穿着名牌，佩雷斯觉得穿旧衣服是一种耻辱)”可知，佩雷斯中学时认为二手购物是可耻的。故选B。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段““Secondhandshoppinghasbeennormalized,”Perezsaid,21.“Sincesomanypeoplearedoingit,it’snowseenascooler.It’sseenasbetterthangoingtothemall.Youngerpeoplefinditfun,likeagame.Ahuntforsomethingunique.”(21岁的佩雷斯说：“二手购物已经变得正常化了。既然这么多人都在这么做，现在它被认为更酷。它被认为比去商场更好。年轻人觉得这很有趣，就像一场游戏。寻找独特的东西。”)”以及第四段“Theincreasingreturnsofthathunthaveturnedsecondhandshoppingintoa$28billionindustry,accordingtofindingsfromThirdUp,anonlineconsignmentstore.(根据在线寄售商店ThirdUp的调查结果，这种寻找带来的回报不断增加，使二手购物成为了一个价值280亿美元的产业)”可知，是寻找独特物品的乐趣推动了二手购物行业的发展。故选D。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第六段“TheappwasacquiredbycraftmarketplaceEtsyina$1.6billioncashdealthismonth,amovedesignedtoextend(延伸)Etsy’sreachintoayoungeranddigitally-nativeaudience.Depopwastheperfecttarget.(本月，手工艺品市场Etsy以16亿美元现金收购了这款应用，此举旨在将Etsy的触角延伸至更年轻、更数字化的受众群体。Depop是完美的目标)”可知，Etsy收购Depop是为了将Etsy的触角延伸至更年轻、更数字化的受众群体，即吸引更多年轻用户。故选B。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Teenagersdrivingthepopularityofsecondhandfashionisapatternthatcanbeobservedthroughouthistory,’saysJenniferLeZotte,ahistorian.‘Youngpeoplearegenerallymoreopentoexperimentingwithstylesandreinventingdifferentversions(版本)ofthemselves.Theywanttosetthemselvesapartfromthepreviousgenerationandtoparticipateincreatingthosestyleswiththeirpeers.”(历史学家詹妮弗·勒佐特说：“纵观历史，青少年推动二手时尚的流行是一种可以观察到的模式。年轻人通常更愿意尝试不同的风格，重塑不同的自我版本。他们想让自己与上一代人区分开来，并与同龄人一起参与创造这些风格。”)”可知，青少年具有开创性，愿意尝试新事物，这使他们能够推动二手时尚的流行。故选A。DForyears,sugarhasbeenlabeledaprimarycausebehindtheglobalriseindiabetes(糖尿病),especiallytype2diabetes(T2D).However,groundbreakingresearchfromBrighamYoungUniversitychallengesthisbroadassumption.Alarge-scalestudyrevealsacrucialdetail:thesourceandformofsugarmattersignificantlywhenitcomestodiabetesrisk.Thefindingspaintacontrastingpicture.Ononehand,sugarsconsumedinliquidform—specificallythroughsugar-sweetenedbeverageslikesodaandeven100%fruitjuice—wereconsistentlylinkedtoasharplyincreasedriskofdevelopingT2D.Ontheotherhand,sugarsnaturallypresentinoraddedtosolid,nutrient-densewholefoods(suchaswholefruits,dairyproducts,orwholegrains)appearedtobefarlessharmfulorpotentiallyevenprotective.Whyistheresuchabigdifference?Researcherspointtometabolism(新陈代谢).Liquidsugarsfromdrinksactlikeisolatedsugarfloodsenteringthesystem.Theycauserapidandlargespikesinbloodsugar,overwhelmingtheliver.Thismetabolicdisruptionleadstoincreasedliverfatandinsulinresistance-keyfactorsinT2Ddevelopment.Conversely,sugarsaddedtosolidfoodsarereleasedmuchmoreslowlyintothebloodstream.Thefiber,fat,protein,andotherbeneficialnutrientsnaturallyaccompanyingthesugarinthesewholefoodsactasbuffers,reducingtheglycemic(血糖的)impactandpreventingtheliverfrombeingoverloaded.Thestudydeliversaclearwarningaboutfruitjuice.Despitecontainingsomevitamins,itshighconcentrationofliquidsugarmakesitapoorsubstituteforwholefruit.Thevitalfiberpresentinwholefruit,crucialformoderatingbloodsugarresponse,islargelymissinginjuice.“Thisstudyemphasizestheneedforevenstricterrecommendationsforliquidsugarssuchasthoseinsugar-sweetenedbeveragesandfruitjuice,astheyappeartoharmfullyassociatewithmetabolichealth,”saidDellaCorte,oneoftheleadresearchers.“Ratherthancriticizingalladdedsugars,futuredietaryguidelinesmightconsiderthedifferenteffectsofsugarbasedonitssourceandform.”12.WhichformofsugarconsumptionbringsahigherT2Drisk?A.Sugarfromwholegrainsanddairyproducts. B.Sugarnaturallyfoundinwholefruits.C.Sugaraddedtonutrient-densesolidfoods. D.Sugarpresentinvariousliquiddrinks.13.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thereasonsforsugarmetabolism. B.Thebenefitsofsugarmetabolism.C.Thedifferencesinsugarmetabolism. D.Thesignificanceofsugarmetabolism.14.TolowertheriskofT2D,whichpracticeismostlikelysupportedbythestudy?A.Avoidingdairyproductscontainingsugar. B.Replacingsodadrinkswithwholefruits.C.Increasingconsumptionof100%fruitjuice. D.Consumingasmuchfiberandfataspossible.15.WhatcanbeinferredfromDellaCorte’sstatementaboutfuturedietaryguidelines?A.Theyshouldreconsidertheimpactofsugaronmetabolism.B.Theyshouldremovefruitjuicefromrecommendations.C.Theyshouldnotadoptaone-size-fits-allapproachtosugar.D.Theyshouldcriticizesugarsregardlessofdifferenteffects.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究，它对“糖是2型糖尿病上升的主要原因”这一普遍观点提出挑战，并阐述了不同形式糖分代谢差异、并给出相关建议。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Ononehand,sugarsconsumedinliquidform—specificallythroughsugar-sweetenedbeverageslikesodaandeven100%fruitjuice—wereconsistentlylinkedtoasharplyincreasedriskofdevelopingT2D.(一方面，以液体形式摄入的糖分，特别是通过含糖饮料如苏打水甚至100%的果汁，一直与2型糖尿病风险急剧增加有关联)”可知，各种液体饮料中的糖分摄入会使2型糖尿病风险更高。故选D项。【13题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段第一、二句“Whyistheresuchabigdifference?Researcherspointtometabolism(新陈代谢).(为什么会有这么大的差异？研究人员指出是新陈代谢的原因)”可知，研究人员首先指出新陈代谢是造成巨大差异的原因。根据第三段“Liquidsugarsfromdrinksactlikeisolatedsugarfloodsenteringthesystem.Theycauserapidandlargespikesinbloodsugar,overwhelmingtheliver.

Thismetabolicdisruptionleadstoincreasedliverfatandinsulinresistance-keyfactorsinT2Ddevelopment.(饮料中的液态糖就像孤立的糖洪流一样进入人体系统。它们会导致血糖迅速飙升，使肝脏不堪重负。这种代谢紊乱导致肝脏脂肪增加和胰岛素抵抗，这是2型糖尿病发展的关键因素)”和“Conversely,sugarsaddedtosolidfoodsarereleasedmuchmoreslowlyintothebloodstream....actasbuffers,reducingtheglycemic(血糖的)impactandpreventingtheliverfrombeingoverloaded.(相反，添加到固体食物中的糖释放到血液中的速度要慢得多。……起到缓冲作用，降低血糖的影响，防止肝脏负荷过重)”可知，液体糖分和固体食物中糖分在新陈代谢方面有着不同表现和影响，因此第三段主要讲的是不同类型糖分在新陈代谢方面的差异。故选C项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Ononehand,sugarsconsumedinliquidform—specificallythroughsugar-sweetenedbeverageslikesodaandeven100%fruitjuice—wereconsistentlylinkedtoasharplyincreasedriskofdevelopingT2D.(一方面，以液体形式摄入的糖分，特别是通过含糖饮料如苏打水甚至100%的果汁，一直与2型糖尿病风险急剧增加有关联)”以及第四段“Thestudydeliversaclearwarningaboutfruitjuice.Despitecontainingsomevitamins,itshighconcentrationofliquidsugarmakesitapoorsubstituteforwholefruit.(这项研究对果汁发出了明确的警告。尽管含有一些维生素，但它高浓度的液体糖分使其无法很好地替代完整的水果)”可知，用完整水果代替苏打饮料或100%的果汁能降低2型糖尿病风险，最有可能被这项研究支持。故选B项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Ratherthancriticizingalladdedsugars,futuredietaryguidelinesmightconsiderthedifferenteffectsofsugarbasedonitssourceandform.(未来的饮食指南可能会根据糖的来源和形式考虑其不同影响，而不是批评所有的添加糖)”可知，未来的饮食指南不应该对糖分采取“一刀切”的方法。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Parentsarethenumberoneinfluenceintheirchildren’slives.____16____InaParentsEmpoweredsurvey,parentsplacedthemselveslastintheline-upofinfluencesontheirchildren—afterfriends,teachersandmedia.____17____Researchshowsthattherearethreethingsparentscandotoprotectchildrenfromriskybehaviors:bonding(联结),boundaries(边界),andmonitoring.Thestrongertherelationshipbetweenparentsandtheirchildren,themorethechildwillnotwanttodisappointtheparent.Eatingdinnertogetherasafamilyhasasignificantimpactonprotectingchildrenfromriskybehavior.____18____Listeningtochildrenwithoutpreaching(说教)strengthensthebond.Boundariesaresetwhenparentssetclearfamilyrulesonbehaviorssuchasnoalcoholorotherdrugs.Onlyasmallpercentageofteenswilltrytheseifparentsmakeitveryclearandtalkaboutconsequences(后果)forbreakingthefamilyrule.Amuchneededparentaltask,thattendstodropasthechildrenbecometeens,ismonitoring.Arecentstudyshowsthebestkindofparentingtoprotectyouthis“warmandwithfollowthrough”.____19____Whentheyaregoingout,askthequestions:Whereareyougoing?Whoareyougoingwith?Whatwillyoubedoing?Whenwillyoubehome?Willtherebealcoholorotherdrugsthere?____20____Soitishelpfulforkidswhohaveahardtimesaying“no”totheirfriendstobeabletousetheirparentsasthefallguys.A.Checkontheirsocialmedia.B.Parentsdon’talwaysbelievethis.C.Inotherwords,trustbutcheckonyourkids.D.Haveconsequenceswhentherulesarebroken.E.That’sbecausethereisfamilytogethernessanddiscussion.F.Thereareplentyofdangerousactivitieskidscangetintothesedays.G.Butwhentheyouthansweredthesamequestion,theyplacedtheirparentsfirst.【答案】16.B17.G18.E19.C20.F【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍父母对孩子影响最大却常不自信，还给出保护孩子远离危险行为的三种方法：建立联结、设边界、监督。【16题详析】由上文“Parentsarethenumberoneinfluenceintheirchildren’slives.(父母是孩子生活中最重要的影响者)”及下文“InaParentsEmpoweredsurvey,parentsplacedthemselveslastintheline-upofinfluencesontheirchildren—afterfriends,teachersandmedia.(在一项父母赋权调查中，父母将自己排在影响孩子的行列的最后——排在朋友、老师和媒体之后)”可知，上文表明父母对孩子影响最大，下文却说父母自己认为对孩子影响最小，二者形成对比，B选项“Parentsdon’talwaysbelievethis.(父母并不总是相信这一点)”承接上文，并引出下文父母在调查中的表现，符合语境。故选B。【17题详析】由上文“InaParentsEmpoweredsurvey,parentsplacedthemselveslastintheline-upofinfluencesontheirchildren—afterfriends,teachersandmedia.(在一项父母赋权调查中，父母将自己排在影响孩子的行列的最后——排在朋友、老师和媒体之后)”及下文“Researchshowsthattherearethreethingsparentscandotoprotectchildrenfromriskybehaviors:bonding(联结),boundaries(边界),andmonitoring.(研究表明，父母可以做三件事来保护孩子免受危险行为的影响：联结、边界和监督)”可知，上文提到父母在调查中的排名情况，下文说研究表明父母对孩子有很大影响，能保护孩子，G选项“Butwhentheyouthansweredthesamequestion,theyplacedtheirparentsfirst.(但当年轻人回答同样的问题时，他们把父母放在了第一位)”与上文形成对比，且引出下文关于父母对孩子影响的研究，符合语境。故选G。【18题详析】由上文“Eatingdinnertogetherasafamilyhasasignificantimpactonprotectingchildrenfromriskybehavior.(一家人一起吃晚餐对保护孩子免受危险行为的影响有显著作用)”及下文“Listeningtochildrenwithoutpreaching(说教)strengthensthebond.(倾听孩子而不说教会加强这种联结)”可知，上文提到一家人一起吃晚餐对孩子有好处，下文说倾听孩子能加强联结，E选项“That’sbecausethereisfamilytogethernessanddiscussion.(那是因为有家庭的团聚和讨论)”解释了上文一家人一起吃晚餐对孩子有好处的原因，且“familytogethernessanddiscussion”与下文“Listeningtochildren”相呼应，符合语境。故选E。【19题详析】由上文“Arecentstudyshowsthebestkindofparentingtoprotectyouthis“warmandwithfollowthrough”.(最近的一项研究表明，保护青少年的最佳育儿方式是“温暖且持续跟进”)”及下文“Whentheyaregoingout,askthequestions:Whereareyougoing?Whoareyougoingwith?Whatwillyoubedoing?Whenwillyoubehome?Willtherebealcoholorotherdrugsthere?(当他们要出去时，问这些问题：你要去哪里？你和谁一起去？你要做什么？你什么时候回家？那里会有酒精或其他毒品吗？)”可知，上文提到保护青少年的最佳育儿方式是“温暖且持续跟进”，下文说孩子出去时父母要问一系列问题，C选项“Inotherwords,trustbutcheckonyourkids.(换句话说，信任但要检查你的孩子)”对上文进行解释说明，且引出下文父母对孩子出去时的检查，符合语境。故选C。【20题详析】由下文“Soitishelpfulforkidswhohaveahardtimesaying“no”totheirfriendstobeabletousetheirparentsasthefallguys.(所以对于那些很难对朋友说“不”的孩子来说，能够把父母当作背锅侠是很有帮助的)”可知，下文提到孩子可以把父母当作背锅侠，说明孩子要以父母作为挡箭牌，对朋友说“不”，由此推知，上文提及的是孩子不想要参加的活动，F项“Thereareplentyofdangerousactivitieskidscangetintothesedays.(现在孩子们可以参加很多危险的活动)”陈述事实情况，引出下文应对此情况的具体方法，符合语境。故选F。第Ⅱ卷第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节：（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。CraigGrossi,ayoungUSMarine(海军陆战队士兵),wasonadangerous____21____inAfghanistanin2010.Oneday,duringabreakinaruinedvillage,he____22____athin,injuredyellowdoganditlookedlostandhungry.Craigfelt____23____forit,sohesharedhismeatballswithit,who____24____followedCraigandhisunitbacktotheircamp.Craigdecidedto____25____thedog,naminghimFred.Fredquicklybecamemorethanjustapet,hebecameavital____26____andtheunit’smascot(吉祥物).Intheharshrealityofwar,Fredprovided____27____comfortandjoy.Hispresencenotonlyliftedthesoldiers’spirits,butalso____28____themasenseofhomeandunconditionalloveamidstthechaos.ForCraig,his____29____withFredwasevencloser.Onnightpatrols,FredalwaysaccompaniedCraigand_____30_____nevermakeasound.Consideringhowcruelthebattlefieldwas,CraigdecidedtopartwithFredtemporarily._____31_____acrewofDHLworkers,a_____32_____vet,andamilitarydoghandler,Fredwassmuggled(偷运)intoaduffelbagandeventuallymadeittoCraig’sfamilyinVirginia.Monthslater,CraigandFredwere_____33_____.Adaptingtopeacefullifehadits_____34_____forboth,buttheyhelpedeachother_____35_____thedifficulties.Craigoftensays,“IrescuedFred,buttruly,Fredrescuedme.”21.A.vacation B.mission C.scene D.protest22.A.realized B.cured C.spotted D.harmed23.A.frightened B.sympathetic C.generous D.inspired24.A.honestly B.reluctantly C.immediately D.nearly25.A.abandon B.approach C.assist D.adopt26.A.burden B.weapon C.companion D.enemy27.A.unexpected B.independent C.determined D.shallow28.A.resulted B.offered C.contributed D.enabled29.A.bond B.belonging C.agreement D.impact30.A.wisely B.politely C.sincerely D.easily31.A.Withthehelpof B.Onaccountof C.Inspiteof D.Onthebasisof32.A.confident B.kindhearted C.selfish D.humble33.A.encountered B.separated C.reunited D.identified34.A.consequences B.opportunities C.benefits D.challenges35.A.breakinto B.lookfor C.getover D.putupwith【答案】21.B22.C23.B24.C25.D26.C27.A28.B29.A30.A31.A32.B33.C34.D35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了美国海军陆战队士兵克雷格·格罗西在阿富汗执行任务时救助一只受伤流浪狗的故事。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2010年，年轻的美国海军陆战队士兵克雷格·格罗西正在阿富汗执行一次危险的任务。A.vacation假期；B.mission任务；C.scene场景；D.protest抗议。根据本句中的“ayoungUSMarine”、“dangerous”和“inAfghanistan”等信息可知，身为海军陆战队士兵在战区应执行的是“任务”。故选B项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，在一处破败的村庄休整时，他发现了一只瘦弱的受了伤的黄色小狗，它看上去迷路了又很饥饿。A.realized意识到；B.cured治愈；C.spotted发现；D.harmed伤害。根据本句中的“duringabreakinaruinedvillage”可推知，在遭到毁坏的村庄中休整时，他应是偶然见看见或发现了一只小狗，“看见、发现”符合语境。故选C项。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：克雷格对它心生同情，于是把自己的肉丸分给它吃，小狗立刻跟着他和小队回到了营地。A.frightened害怕的；B.sympathetic同情的；C.generous慷慨的；D.inspired受到鼓舞的。由句中“sharedhismeatballswithit”可知，克雷格应是因可怜小狗而分享食物，“同情”符合语境。故选B项。【24题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：克雷格对它心生同情，于是把自己的肉丸分给它吃，小狗立刻跟着他和小队回到了营地。A.honestly诚实地；B.reluctantly不情愿地；C.immediately立刻；D.nearly几乎。根据本句中的“sohesharedhismeatballswithit”及狗会跟着尤其是在饥饿时会给它喂食的人的特点可推知，狗吃肉丸与跟随他回去之间时间衔接较为紧密，应用表示时间的副词。故选C项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：克雷格决定收养这只狗，并给它取名弗雷德（Fred）。A.abandon抛弃；B.approach接近；C.assist帮助；D.adopt收养。由本句中的“naminghimFred”可知，克雷格给它取了名字，说明他是收养了这只狗。故选D项。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，弗雷德不仅仅是一只宠物，更成为大家的重要伙伴和全队的吉祥物。A.burden负担；B.weapon武器；C.companion伙伴；D.enemy敌人。由本句中“theunit’smascot”可知，士兵们把它当全队的吉祥物，空处应填入一个褒义词，它应是成为了大家的伙伴。故选C项。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在战争的残酷现实中，弗雷德带来了意想不到的安慰与快乐。A.unexpected意想不到的；B.independent独立的；C.determined坚定的；D.shallow肤浅的。根据后文“Hispresencenotonlyliftedthesoldiers’spirits,butalso________themasenseofhomeandunconditionalloveamidstthechaos.”可知，它在战乱中提振了士气，给士兵们带来家的感觉和无条件的爱，这在战区是让人不敢奢望的、