2025届山西省部分学校高三下学期2月开学联考考试英语试卷

本试题卷共8页。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：选出每小题答案后，用2B铅第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段1.WheredoestheconversationprA.Athome.2.HowdoesthewomanA.Surprised.B.Tired.C.Delighted.B.Sheisshortofmoneynow.4.Whowillhostthemeeting?A.Harry.B.David.C.James.A.Friends.B.Workmates.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；6.HowmuchdidthewomansA.$150.B.$90.C.$60.A.Wednesday.B.Thursday.C.Friday.A.Arestaurant.B.Aget-together.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。A.Focusondriving.B.SpeedupabitA.Findashortroute.B.Cont听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。B.Tohighlightthevalueofusedtoys.C.TopromotetheideaofanewA.Cleaningthem.B.Sortingthem.C.PackingthemA.ThefutureplansofLovedBefore.B.TheachievementsofLovedBeC.Thedetailedoperationof听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。A.SiguniangMountain.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)ATheHarvardSummerSchoolstudJanuary30th,2025.Clickthe“ApplyNow”buttononthewebpageofyourprogramofinterest英语试题第2页(共8页)●Program-specificrequirements(ifapplicable,mayincludelettersofrecommendation,Youmayapplytonomorethantwoprograms;ifapplyingtoaskedtorankyourtwoapplicationsiapplicationsubmittedinexcessCareerSuccess(MCCS)offersfundfbeaskedonyourHarvaconsideredfunding.Fundingselectionisbylottery,andawardaA.Aphotooftheapplicant.B.Auniversityadmissionnotice.A.Anacademicreport.C.Atravelbrochure.Bpercentcomplete.Thecity,designedbythelateSoleridesignedArcosapathwaysofhumanlife.Intheory,acityplannedwiththisschoolofthoug“Citieshappenedonly7,000yearsorsoago,”saysJeffStein,co-presidentofArcosanti.“Wehaven'thadtimetodesignthemproperlyforhumandevelopment.onsunangles,"hesays.“Onthewintersolstice(冬至),thesunshinesallthewayin.”His勤).HewalksouttohisbalconArcosantifurthermaximizesconvenieofstreets,allofasuddenyouhaveawalkingcity,"Steinsays.slow;theprojectmayneverreachcompletiorising,there'sgoingtobegreatmigrationintothoftheglobalconversationofhowbillionsofpeoplecanliveontheplanet.”英语试题第3页(共8页)A.ArcosantiwillsoonbC.TheconceptofArcologyisquiteinfluential.D.ClimatechangewillblockArcosanti'sgoals.A.Itstouristattractions.B.C.Itsconstructiondifficulties.Ccrucialforsociety.Inrecentyears,wehaveexplScientistscanpredictspaceweather,givingpeoplwarnings.Debrishatwe'veputintoorbitsurroundstheplanet,andthenumberofthingsupthereisrisingrapidly.EventinypiecessatellitesthatprovidecriticalservicesonEarth'ssurfacfrombelow,throughtheuseofincreasinglyintenseandwidespreadlighting,andfromabove,viasatellitesand,yes,allthatspacedebrisrinterruptspeople'scircadianrhythms(昼夜节律)andharmstheirsleepandtheirmentalandOneunderstandablereactiontoalltheseconctakingcareofthelandenvironment;you'retellingmethere'sanotherone?Unfortunately,yes.allovertheworldneedtotakecareofthezonefaraboveourheads,too.ActinA.Scientistshaven'tmen29.Whichofthefollowingisanimpactoflightpollution?C.Itharmspeople'swell-being.D.Itincreasesspacedebris.英语试题第4页(共8页)B.SuggestedexamplesofC.Thenegativeimpactof31.WhichofthefollowingD.TheOddWorldofSpaceED“Youaren'tgoingtoeatthat,areyou?”yourf“Five-secondrule!”youargue.AccordingtothispopulaIn2003,JillianClarke,ahighschoolseniorpfloorpollutedwithEscherichiacoli(大肠杆菌)forfiveseconds.Resultsrevealedthatbacteriatransferred(转移)tofoodrapidlfloor,themorelikelyitwastocontainbactesecondrule,itwasnotconclusive.Notably,thestudyfocusedonthMicrobiologistCharlesP.GerbatoldPopularSciencethatthekitchenfloorisoneofWhilemostbacteriaareharmless,somecancausefoodpoisoning.IfyouNexttimeyou'reattractedtoeatingthatcookieyoumaybe,bacteriamovefa33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“debunking”inparagraph5mean?A.Disapproving.B.Ignoring.C.Proving.英语试题第5页(共8页)35.WhatisthemainpurC.Tointroducedifferentscientists'researchm第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。weightbetweenbirthandslow-wavesleep.“37Thereagoingon,"saysDr.Cai,directorofsleepsurgeryatAspuberty(青春期)hits,thereisabigchange.13-to-18-year-oldsneedabout8to10hoursofsleeppernight,buttheteens'sleepscheduleshifts.adelayedsleepdrive,"CaorthethroatiscollapsingForpeople65andolder,thereleaseofmelatonin(褪黑素)slows,lelightersleep.Age-relatedphys6640It'salwaysworthwhiletoseeasp第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 “Iclimbedthetreeandsawblackbugs,”Annika42.“Icouldn'ttelliftheywerebeesorwasps(黄蜂).”Lindsay,abiologyteacher,hadbeen43Annika(昆虫学)foryears.Soshewasn'tsurprisedbyAnnika'sabilitytotelldifferent44apart.英语试题第6页(共8页)Thisdiscoveryis 45inPaloAlto.Professionalentomologistsandcitfurther51ofPlebeiaemerinainPaecosystem!”Infact,sicoloniesforsignsofmorenests.TheystressedAnnika'of55·41.A.relevantB.native42.A.addedB.complainedC.recalledD.whi43.A.ignoringB.limitingC.discouraging44.A.treesB.insectsC.seasons45.A.foundB.protected46.A.waitingB.searching47.A.eyesB48.A.wantB.overlookC.pres49.A.soldB.lentC.re50.A.diedoutB.gaveupC51.A.marksB.analysesC.sightings52.A.amusedB.satisfiedC.disappointedD.concer53.A.excitedlyB.casuallyC.anxiouslyD.embarrassedly54.A.watchingB.testing第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)Atthe39thInternationalVNovember16th,2024,Fa(659(basic),wehavefourelementsofourvisrticipationandempowrequally61thosecountriesandregionstoimprovetheirnationThevaluation(估价)ofvolleyballwasabout27millionUSdollarsperOlympiccycle.ForAzevedocalledthephasethatbeganinNovember2024PhaseThree.PhaseOnewas第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Chris在上海的一所国际学校做交换生。他们学校在下1.给出建议；2.说明理由。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。excitement.HeinformAfewweekslater,IfoundmyselfinOttawa,enjoyingawarmfifties,goingtoarapconcertjustformyson,"Iexclaimed.Icouldn'thelpemerged?Inresponse,theysharedastInthesummerof1964,11-year-oldMartha,withherbrighteyesfulloflonging,begher61-year-oldfather,Cuthbert,totakeherandhCuthbert,beingalovingfather,WhentheBeatlesfinallytookthestage,thecrowdwentwildwithenthusiainitiallycaughtoffguard(措手不及)bythedeafeningscreamsandthewildenergy.ButasthefootunconsciouslystartedtappingtotherhythmBeatles,beltedout(大声唱出)“LongTallSally”,Cuthberthadcompletelyforgottenhis1.续写词数应为150左右；英语试题第8页(共8页)英语参考答案及解析第一部分听力W:Thesingerisnolongerpopular.That'swhyIW:I’montopoftheworldnow.IgotfullmarksW:MustIdonatesoW:Alright!Actually,IjustquitmyjobandIdon'thM:Oh,don’tworry.JamessaysHarrM:Hi!Haveyoujustmovedin?Mynamejustnextdoor.Nicetomeetyou.otheroftenthen.I'mgoingtotheoffiM:Judy,theblouselooM:Well,theblousecertaiM:That'safantasticdeal!HowdW:Oh,Ialwayspayattentiontotheirnewsletters.Theyannouncepromotionsaheadoftime.M:Wisemove!IshouldstartdoingW:AreyoufreethisFriday—thatis,thedayafW:Well,I'mgoingtogettoclassmatesandIthoughtyoumighM:Whatareyouthinkingofdoing?W:Wewillhavelunchatanicerestaurant英语参考答案及解析M:Pleasestoplookingaroundaimlessly.Youjustgotyourdriver'slicense.You'M:Jane,canyouspeeditupabit?We'regoifwedon'thurry.Markjusttextedmeandhe'sarrivedM:It's8:55a.m.Markarrivedat8:45earlierthantheappointM:That'sagoodhome.We'llhaveplentyoftimethen.W:OK.withusCharlotteLiebling,thW:Hi,thankyousoM:Charlotte,canyoutellushowyoustartedpayingatten-soldsecond-handgoods.IobservedpeoplM:HowdidyoustartLovW:Onenight,Igothomefromworkandssomeresearch.Ithought,“Ifwecanused,wecanthenshowtheirvaluetopeopleandeBeforebegan.M:HowdoesLovedBefoW:Firstweacceptdonationsofstuffedtoys.Thenwecleanthem,takepictures,packronmentallyfriendlybox,abytakingthemtoalocaldrop-offpoint.M:Tha'simpressive.So,whatachievementshasW:AweekafterreachingthetopofMountElbrusRussia,thehighestmountaininEu11,stillrememberedeveryence.TheboygottothetopofthstudentfromZhenjiang,JiangsulangmainMay,MountaininSichuanProvinceclimbinRussia,Yichenran5kilometersbeganadaptivetrainingfourdawouldimmediatelythinkofplayinggameswhenphone,"Yichen'sfathersaid.“Nowonhisphone,becausehabroadinthefuture.”Intheweek参考答案及解析英语Yichen,arathershyboy,hasbecomemuchmoreconfi-dent.Yichensaidhehasdevenewgoalofreachingthetopofthe6,178-meterYuzhu第一节A【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了HarvardSummerSchool的海外留学项目对申请者的要时间、在线申请内容以及可申请项目数量限制等；还提及针对哈佛学院学生的资金资助情况。21.D【解析】细节理解题。根据WhoCanApply部分的要求可知，申请者必须至少18岁，完成至少一年的大学学业或为大一新生，且学业表现良好，所以19岁的大二学生可以申请该项目。故选D。22.C【解析】细节理解题。根据HowToApply部分述、最近的学业记录以及特定项目的要求(如适用，可能包括推荐信、推荐人等)。故选C。23.B【解析】推理判断题。根据HowToApply部分“Clickthe‘ApplyNow'buttononthewebpageofyourprogramofinteresttobedirectedtotheonlineapplica-tion.”可推知，该文本最有可能来自于官方的网页。故选B。B【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由已故的意大利建筑师PaoloSoleri设计的位于凤凰城北部沙漠中的Arcosanti。24.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Arcologystructuresandpathwaysofhplannedwiththisschoolofthoughtinmindwillcreateacalculatedurbanexpansionwherepeopleliveinha类创造一个可持续且高效的城市环境。故选D。25.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Hishome好利用。故选A。26.C【解析】推理判断题。最后一段提到每年有50000人从世界各地来参观Arcosanti,大学生来此学习设计和可持续性的理念，此处还举办音乐会和庆祝节日等，Arcology的生活理念已经成为了一种榜样。由此可推知，Arcology的理念很有影响力。故27.B【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了Arcosanti的设计理念，包括遵循Arcology的思想，从建筑朝向、利用自然资源到追求效率等内容。故选B。C【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地球周边的太空环境面临的多种威胁以及应对情况。28.D【解析】推理判断题。文章提到各国在太空开行动。由此可推知，在处理太空的相关问题上缺乏英语参考答案及解析国际行动。故选D。tioninteruptspeople'scircadianthythms(昼夜节律)andhamstheirsleepandtheirmen30.B【解析】推理判断题。文章最后强调了政府的行动不足。由此可推知，接下来可能会举例说明政府在太空方面的行动。故选B。31.B【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要围绕太空危险如类如何应对展开。由此可推知，B项最适合作文章标题。故选B。D【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过多位研究者的实验最终证明“五秒规则”并不成立，还指出厨房地板细菌多，若不想扔掉掉落的食物，清洗是更安全的选择。32.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Notably,the studyfocusedontheoveroverdifferenttimeperiodswithoutclarifyingtransferwithinfiveseconds.”可知，AnthonyHilton的研究没有明确说明五秒钟内细菌的转移情况，所以不能为“五秒规则”提供确凿的证据。故选D。33.A【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“hefoundthatlongercontacttimesresultedinmoretranbutsometransfertookplaceinstantly,afterlessthanonesecond”可知，DonaldSchaffner的研究发现细菌34.D【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“thekitchenfloorisoneofthemostpollutedhouse,evendirtierthantherestroom.Thisisbecausethekitchengetsalotoffoottrabacteria”可知，人活动频繁的地方更容易被污染。故选D。35.B【解析】推理判断题。文章围绕“五秒规则”展开，介绍了不同科学家对这一规则进行的科学研究，讨论了这一流行观念是否正确。由此可推知，本文的目的在于通过对科学研究的举例讨论来论述“五秒规则”的正确性。故选B。第二节【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同年龄段人群的睡眠模式及睡眠需求。从新生儿和36.A【解析】前文提到“当你处于不同年龄时，你有不同的睡眠模式。在生命的不同阶段你需要多少睡眠?”,接下来应该是对为什么睡眠需求会变化的提境，引出下文对不同年龄段睡眠需求变化原因的阐述。故选A。37.E【解析】前文说婴儿在0-3个月体重会增加两好地衔接前后文，说明婴儿在睡眠中有除了体重增长之外的重要活动。故选E。38.G【解析】前文提到13-18岁青少年需8-10小39.F【解析】前文说成年人上呼吸道或喉咙在夜间会导致的结果，与前文逻辑连贯。故选F。40.B【解析】后文提到如果在睡眠方面有任何重大困咨询医生。故选B。第三部分语言运用第一节【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了个巴西无刺蜂(Plebeiaemerina)蜂群。41.B【解析】此处指这种无刺蜂原产于巴西。故42.C【解析】Annika在回忆当时的情景。故选C。43.D【解析】Lindsay多年来一直在培养Annika对昆虫学的兴趣。故选D。的能力并不感到惊讶。故选B。45.A【解析】这是在帕洛阿尔托发现的第三和第四个这种物种的蜂群。故选A。46.B【解析】专业昆虫学家和公民科学家一直在寻找它们。故选B。47.A【解析】是Annika敏锐的眼睛发现了别人没找到的蜂群。“sharpeyes”表示“敏锐的眼睛”。故48.B【解析】孩子们经常能发现成年人忽略的东西。49.D【解析】1948年，巴西环保主义者将10群这种蜜蜂运往美国进行研究。故选D。50.A【解析】大多数蜂群很快灭绝了。故选A。51.C【解析】Schafer教授去世后，在帕洛阿尔托就没有进一步发现这种无刺蜂的踪迹了。故选C。52.D【解析】根据后文专家说未知物可能给生态系统带来不可预测的后果可知，对这些蜜蜂的观察让蜜蜂专家感到担心。故选D。53.C【解析】根据后文专家说未知物可能给生态系统带来不可预测的后果可推知，专家说话的语气是焦虑的。故选C。54.A【解析】专家们一直在观察帕洛阿尔托的蜂群，看是否有更多巢穴的迹象。故选A。55.C【解析】文章强调了Annika(普通民众)的发现的重要性，展示了公民科学的最好一面。故选C。第二节【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。2024年11月16日在葡萄牙举行的第39届国际排联(FIVB)世界大扩大全球排球界规模并大幅提升排球运动价值，还阐述了其关于FIVB发展的愿景。56.waselected【解析】FabioAzevedo和elect之间为被动关系，且时间是2024年11月16日，是发生在过去的事情，所以需用一般过去时的被动语态。故57.the【解析】这里特指排球这项运动。故填the。英语参考答案及解析联这个组织。故填organization。59.Basically【解析】此处需填副词修饰整个句子，且此处位于句首，首字母需要大写。故填Basically。60.havedeveloped【解析】根据时间状语overthepastfouryears可知，此处需用现在完成时，主语是we。故填havedeveloped。61.in【解析】investin为固定搭配，表示“在……投入62.torise【解析】beexpectedtodosth.为固定搭配，意为“被期望做某事”。故填torise。63.inv