2026年高考英语二轮复习：阅读理解 主旨大意题-去芜存菁速抓文章主旨

‘题型强化练I

（六）主旨大意题专练1（标题归纳题）

A

（2025•太原高三年级模*｝以考试）Manypeopleencouragecompetitionandfocusonsuccess.uGiving

up”isfrownedupon.Weareoveijoyedatstoriesofpeoplewhoperseveredandsucceeded.Friendsand

colleaguesalwaysencourageyoutokeeptrying."Ifatfirstyoudon'tsucceed,try,tryagain.”“Follow

yourdream!Winnersneverquit!”

Perseveranceinindeediinporlaiil,loalimil.However,neverlakeilloofai.Foronething?goalsand

drcamsmightbebeyondreach.Storiesofachievingchildhooddrcamsthroughperseverancemightbe

uplifting,buttheysufferfromuselectionbiasn.Putsimply,theyarenotinformative,becausenobody

tellsstoriesaboutthemanypeoplewhoperseveredbutfailedafterwastingagoodpartoftheirlives.Itis

indeedfrustratingifyoufollowanunrealisticdream.Foranother,everyroadtakenmeansanotherroadis

nottaken.Anunrealisticgoalmeansmissingoutonotheropportunities.Whatifeverybodywiththechildhood

dreamofbecominganastronautpersistentlykepttryingforever?Winnersalwayswiselychoosewhattoquit

andwhattopursue.

Recentstudieshaveshownthatbeingabletogiveupsomegoalsanddreamsandredirectyourenergy

towardmorereasonableonesisimportantformentalwell-beingandleadstohigherqualityoflifeinthelong

term.Thepsychologicaltermis“goaldisengagementM.Ifyouarccurrentlydevotingtoomuchtimeand

efforttoanunattainablegoal,herearcsomehintsthatmighthelp.

First,donottieagoaltoyouridentity.Nobodycanbedefinedbyasinglegoalorinterest.Besides>

disengagefromagoalbutkeepsomeoftheeffort.It'scalled“turningitintoahobbyM.Fewstampandcoin

collectorsdesiretobecomeprofessionals,yetmanyenjoycollecting.Lastandmostimportant,donotthink

ofgivingupasafailure,butasachoice.Yourtimeislimited.Trynewactivities,rediscoverprevious

interests,andreviseyourambitions.Behonestwithyourselfaboutyourchances,andchoosethegoalsthat

bestsuityou.Andrememberthat,whenyougiveupagoal,youdonotfail.Youmakeachoicetofreeup

yourlimeforotherpossibilities.

f语篇解读］本文是说明文。坚持不懈固然重要，但不能过度，因为有些目标可能遥不可及，坚持不

切实际的目标意味着错过其他机会。研究表明，能够放弃一些目标并将精力转向更合理的目标对心

理健康和提高生活质量很重要。

1.Whatresultmayuselectionbias”bringtopeople?

A.Settingself-limitation.

B.Givingupmoreeasily.

C.Misjudgingthesituation.

D.Ignoringsuccessfulstories.

C［推理判断题。根据题干中的“selectionbias”将答案定位在第二段。第二段的“Storiesof

achievingchildhooddrcamsthroughperseverancemightbeuplifting...Itisindeedfrustratingifyoufollowan

unrealisticdream"讲通过坚持不懈实现童年梦想的故事可能会令人振奋，但这存在“选择偏倚”；

简单来说，这些故事并没有提供有用的信息，因为没人会讲述许多人浪费了生命中相当一部分时间

去坚挂却最终失败的故事，如果你追随一个不切实际的梦黑，那确实会令人沮丧。这意味着“选择

偏倚”会让人们只看到成功的故事，从而错误判断形势，认为只要坚持就能成功，故选C。］

2.Howcanpeoplebenefitfrom“goaldisengagement”？

A.Bymotivatingtheirdesireforsuccess.

B.Bygainingasenseofself-satisfaction.

C.Bytellingeasygoalsfromdifficultgoals.

D.Bysavingenergytofocusonpracticalgoals.

D［组节理解题。根据题干中的“goaldisengagement”将答案定位在第三段。第三段前两句讲最近

的研究表明，能够放弃一些目标和梦想，耨精力转向更合理的目标对心理健康很重要，从长远来看

会带来更高质量的生活，这在心理学上叫“目标脱离”。所以人们通过节省精力专注实际目标从

“目标脱离”中受益，故选D。］

3.Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthoragreewith?

A.Acceptingfailurewitheasedoesmakesense.

B.Onecanmakeahobbyoutofanunattainablegoal.

C.Turnioprofessionalswhenrealizingpersonalgoals.

D.Choosingagoalismorechallengingthanrealizingit.

B［观点态度题。第四段的adisengagefromagoalbutkeepsomeoftheeffort.It?scalled"turningitinto

ahobby，”讲从一个目标中脱离出来，但仍保留一些努力，这被称为“把它变成一种爱好“，接着作

者以集邮者和钱币收藏者为例来进行说明。所以作者可能同意一个人可以把无法实现的目标变成一

种爱好，故选Bo］

4.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.IdentityCrisis：BeTruetoYourself

B.GoalsorHobbies：MakeYourChoice

C.NeverSayNever：TheKeytoSuccess

D.WinnersDoQuit：BeWiseAboutYourGoals

D［主旨大意题。文章开篇提到人们鼓励竞争和坚持，接着指出坚持要有限度，过度坚持不切实际

的目标会带来问题，然后说明“目标脱离”的重要性，并给出相关建议。所以文章主要讨论的是要

明智地对待目标，懂得放弃不切实际的目标，故D项”成功者会放弃：明智地对待你的目标”最适

合作本文标题。］

B

（2025-武汉高中毕业生四月调研）HeidiTait,co-founderofTangaroaBlueFoundation,an

organizationcommittedtobeachcleaning,waspuzzledwhensheandherteammatesstartedfindingstrange

tire-shapedcapsuleswashedashorealongtheCapeYorkcoast,nearAustralia'snortheasterntip.ButTait

eventuallyconnectedwithSatlink—aSpanishsatellitecommunicationscompany.SailingsCPS-enabled

buoys（浮标），theonesthebeachcleanerskeptfinding,helpcommercialfisherstracktheirnets,lines

etc.Taithadabrainwavethatwouldseethebuoysnotjustrecycledbutreused.

Formorethanadecade,boatcrewsworkingfartherwest,inAustralia'sGulfofCarpentaria,had

beentellingTaitabouthowabandonedfishingnetswerecirclingthegulf,hurtingseacreatures.Theseso-

callcdghost（幽灵）netshadeitherbrokenfreefromcommercialfishingboatsandgottenlost,orwerecut

loosebyfishersaftergettingcaughtonrocks.Weighingafewtonneseach,thenetsthatboatcrewshad

chanceduponinthegulfwereoftentoobigforthemtopulloutofthewater.They'dtypicallyreportthefinds

totheauthorities,butbythetimeanyonewithanappropriatelyequippedboatcouldheadouttogetone,

themassofmessyropehadoftengonefromsight.

However,onceoneoftheGPS-enabledbuoysisattached,itsendsitslocationeveryfewhourstoa

website,whichletsTangaroaBlueFoundationmonitorthenets'movementsandwarnstheorganizationof

danger.Sofar,thereusedGPStrackershavehelpedTangaroaBlueFoundationrecoverthreeghostnetsfrom

Australianwaters.

TangaroaBlueFoundation'sideatotrackghostnetsisn'tentirelynew；researcherswiththe

CommonwealthScientificandIndustrialResearchOrganisation（CSIRO）,Australia'snationalscience

agency,suggesteditadecadeago.Takingtheideaonboard,theauthoritiestriedusingbattery-powered

trackerstomonitorafewghostnets.TangaroaBlueFoundation'sapproachdiffersinthatitsrecycledbuoys

aresolar-poweredandrequirelessupkeep.

［语篇解读］本文是说明文。TangaroaBlueFoundation组织将原本被冲到岸上的带有全场定位系统功能

的浮标回收再利用，用其来追踪幽灵渔网，从而保护海洋生物。

5.Whatwerethetire-shapedcapsulesoriginallyusedfor?

A.Removingbeachwaste.

B.Recyclingvehicletires.

C.Locatingfishingequipment.

D.Strengtheningsatellitesignals.

C［细节理解题。文章第一段首句提到Tait和她的队友们在海岸上发现了一些奇怪的、轮胎形状的

小塑料容器，接着Tait联系了西班牙卫星通信公司Satlink,得知这些小塑料容器是Satlink的产品，

即带有全球定位系统功能的浮标。根据第一段的"Sallink'sGPS-enabledbuoys（浮标）...help

commercialfisherstracktheirnets,lineselc”可知，这些浮标帮助商业渔民追踪他们的渔网、鱼线等

设备，故选Co选项中的Locating对应文中的track,Mfishingequipment,,对应文中的atheirnets,

linesetc^。］

6.WhatdocstheauthorintendtodoinParagraph2?

A.Illustrateafuturepossibility.

B.Describeatechnicalprocess.

C.Presentapracticalsolution.

D.Frameaproblemcontext.

D［推理判断题。第二段主要讲在澳大利亚的卡奔塔利亚湾，废弃的渔网，即幽灵渔网，在海湾中

转圈，伤害海洋生物，而且这些渔网太大以至于船员们无法将其从水中拉出，在报告给官方后，等

有人带着合适设备的船去打捞时，渔网往往又不见了。作者在第二段描述了幽灵渔网造成的问题以

及处理这些问题所面临的困境，也就是构建了一个问题背景，故选D。］

7.HowdoTangaroaBlueFoundation'sbuoysoutperfbnnearliertrackers?

A.Theyneedlessmaintenance.

B.Theymonitorbroaderregions.

C.Theyreceivegovernmentfunding.

D.Theyprovideprecisetrackingdata.

A［组节理解题。最后一段讲官方早期使用的追踪器是电池供电的。再根据最后一段的“Tangaroa

BlueFoundation'sapproachdiffersinthatitsrecycledbuoysaresolar-poweredandrequirelessupkeepM可

知，TangaroaBlueFoundation使用的浮标与早期追踪器的不同之处在于这些回收的浮标是太阳能供

电的，且需要更少的维护。故选A。选项中的maintenance与文中的upkeep是同义词。］

8.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.TurningWasteintoTreasure：AFixtoGhostNets

B.FightingThreats：TheHiddenHarmofGhostNets

C.FinancingChange：InnovativeOceanCleanupPlans

D.ProtectingSeasfromWaste：AnActivistofConservation

A［主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了TangaroaBlueFoundation组织使用回收的带有全球定位系统功能

的浮标追踪幽灵渔网，故A项“变废为宝：解决幽灵渔网的方法”最适合作本文标题。］

C

（2025•石家庄普通高中毕业质检）KingShahryar,betrayed（背叛）byhiswife,decidestomarryanew

womaneachnightandhaveherkilledbymorningtoensureheisneverbetrayedagain.Scheherazade

volunteerstomarrytheking.Eachevening,shebeginsanengagingstorybutstopsatdawn,leavinghim

eagerformore.Nightafternight,shekeepshimattractedwithnewtales,andover1,001nights,theking

fallsinlovewithherandabandonshiscruelways.

ThisancienttalcfromOneThousandandOneNightshighlightsstorytelling'simpact.Ourrecent

researchshowsthatstrongstorytellingskillscandramaticallyimprovesomeone'swell-being.

Atitscore,storytellinghelpspeoplefindmeaningfromlife'schaos.Studiesshowwcshapeour

identitiesbyturningexperiencesintopersonalstories.Skilledstorytellersexcelattwokeyskills：Theyneed

toconnecteventslogicallyandtheymustlearntoseetheworldthroughtheeyesoftheircharacters,

understandingthe“why"ofwhatdrivespeople.Applyingthesetwoskillstotheirownlives,skillful

storytellersusethefirsttoidentifyandpursuewhatgivestheirlifemeaning,whiletheseconddevelopsa

mindsetthatprioritizesthe"why"behindtheiractionsoverjustthe“how”.

Toillustratethispoint,weconductedstudieswith800participants.Wemeasuredstorytellingability

throughself-reports,friendevaluationsandexpertreviewsonlabexperimentswhereeachparticipanttold

onestoryabouthimselfandtheotherwiththreegivenrandomwords.Inadditiontotheseassessmentsof

storytellingskills,weaskedparticipantsquestionstogetasenseofhowmeaningfultheyfoundlifeand

whethertheyapproacheddecisionswitha“why”mindsetratherthana“how"mindset.

Resultsconsistentlylinkedstorytellingskillstostrongerlifemeaningandgoalclarity.Personalityalso

mattered：Peopleopentonewexperiencescollectedmoreinterestinglifestories,whileshypeopleused

storytellingtobalanceouttheirlimitedsocialinteraction.

Astrong“why”mindsetconnectswithreducedstressandextendedlife.Storytellingalsobuildssocial

connections.Byhelpingpeopleexpresstheirpurposeandbuildrelationships,storiesmayindirectly

strengthenbothmentalandphysicalhealth.

Storytellingworkshops,nowpopularglobally,maydomorethanteachcommunication-theycould

helpparticipantsredefinetheirlife'sdirection.

［语篇解读］本文是说明文。本文通过《一千零一夜》中的一个古老故事引出对讲故事的影响力的阐

述。最近的研究表明，强大的讲故事能力能显著提升一个人的幸福感，帮助人们从生活的混乱中找

到意义，并建立社交联系。

9.WhydoestheauthormentionScheherazade^storiesinthefirstparagraph?

A.ToshowScheherazade^cleverness.

B.Toentertainreaderswithaclassictale.

C.TointroduceIhetopicofstorytelling.

D.Tocompareancientandmodernstories.

C［推理判断题。文章第一段讲述了Scheherazade的故事：接着第二段首句讲这个来自《一千零一

夜》的古老故事突显了讲故事的影响力，然后说最近的研究表明，强大的讲故事能力能显著提升一

个人的幸福感，下文围绕此研究结果具体阐述了讲故事的影响力。由此可推知，作者在第一段提到

Scheherazade的故事是为了引出讲故事这个话题，故选C。|

10.Whatdoesthe“why"mindsetprimarilyfocuson?

A.Completingdailytasksefficiently.

B.Avoidingstressfulsituations.

C.Memorizingrandomlifeevents.

D.Understandinglife'spurpose.

D［推理判断题。第三段介绍了熟练的讲故事者擅长的两大关键技能，即逻辑连贯地串联起各个事

件、通过故事中人物的视角理解驱动人们行动背后的“为什么”；讲故事者将其运用到自己的生活

中，形成一种优先考虑行动背后的“为什么”而非仅仅“如何做”的思维模式。再结合第五段的

“Resultsconsistentlylinkedstorytellingskillstostrongerlifemeaningandgoalclarity**可知,讲故事的

技能与更强的生活意义感和更清晰的目标感相关联。由此可知，“为什么”思维模式主要关注理解

行动背后的原因，即生活的意义和目标，故选D。］

11.Whatwereparticipantsaskedtodointhelabexperiment?

A.Sharepersonalinterestsinagroup.

B.Tellastorywithwordsprovided.

C.Reflectonthe"why"behindtheiractions.

D.Connecteventsintoameaningfulstory.

B［细节理解题。根据第四段的“eachparticipanttoldonestoryabouthimselfandtheotherwiththree

givenrandomwords”可知，在实验室实验中，每位参与者要讲一个关于自己的故事，另一个故事则

要用随机给出的三个单词来讲述。由此可知，参与者被要求用给定的单词讲一个故事，故选B。］

12.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Scheherazade'sSurvivalinanAncientTale

B.HowPeople'sStorytellingAbilitiesDevelop

C.LivingaMeaningfulLifethroughStorytelling

D.WhyShyPeopleAttendStorytellingWorkshops

C［主旨大意题。文章开篇用Scheherazade的故事引出本文话题——讲故事的影响力，表明强大的

讲故事能力能显著提升一个人的幸福感；第三段从理论层面阐述讲故事的两大关键技能及其帮助人

们从生活的混乱中找到意义的核心作用；第四段介绍研究过程和方法；第五段呈现所究结果，即讲

故事的技能与更强的生活意义和更清晰的目标相关；第六段进一步阐述讲故事的其他积极影响；第

七段总结讲故事讲习班的价值。由此可知，本文主要强调了讲故事帮助人们找到生活的意义，提升

人们的幸福感。故C项”通过讲故事过有意义的生活”最适合作本文的标题。］

圜国眼目一溯文本•囤词源

Para.2：bias〃.偏见，成见，偏心unrealisticadj.不现实的，不切实际的

A篇，ursuea追求，致力于，执行；继续探讨（或追究、从事）Para.4：revise改

；变，修正；（考试前）温习，复习

Para.1：track仇跟踪，追踪Para.2：abandoned被离弃的，被遗弃的，被抛

B篇弃的

核心

Para.3：attach仇系,绑，贴，固定，连接，附上

单词

Para.1：abandono.放弃，中止；抛弃，遗弃（某人）；离弃，逃离（某地方、交通

工具等）

C篇Para.2：highlighto.突出，强调identity身份；（区别人或群体的）特性;（两件

事物的）相同，一致pursue。.追求，继续进行Para.5：consistentlyado.一致地

clarity〃.清楚,清晰，明确

A篇Para.2：putsimply简单地说Para.3：inthelonglerm长期来看

Para.1：becommittedto致力于...Para.2：breakfreefromsth./sb.逃脱...，

挣脱……

核心B篇

chanceupon/on偶然发现，碰巧遇到Para.4：takesth.onboard接受，采纳（建

短语

议、想法等）

Hara.1：atdawn在黎明Fara.3：apply...to...把...运用到....Fara.5：

C篇

balanceout抵消，相抵

熟词

B篇wash（Para.1）常用义：现洗，洗涤文章义：。.冲击，冲刷，冲向

生义

Para.1：compete。.竞争，对抗；参加比赛（或竞赛）一competition〃.竞争，角逐；

比赛，竞赛--competitiveadj.竞争的；有竞争力的perseverev.坚持，孜孜以求

A篇fPara.2：perseverance〃.不屈不挠，坚持不懈frustrateo.使懊丧，使懊恼，使

沮丧ffrustrated懊丧的，懊恼的，浪丧的ffrustrating令人懊丧的，令人

词缀懊恼的，令人沮丧的

变形B篇Para.2：appropriate〃力’.恰当的，合适的fapproprialelyadv.恰当地，合适地

Para.1：engage参加，参与；吸引；雇用，聘请fengaging。的;动人的，迷人

的一engagement比参加，从事，卷入；约会，约定，安排；订婚，婚约

C篇

Para.3：priority〃.优先事项，最重要的事，首要事情；优先，优先权，重点

fprioritizeo.优先处理；按重要性排列，划分优先顺序

（七）主旨大意题专练2（文章大意题+段落大意题）

（2025•武汉高中毕业生调研考试）Acornplantknowshowtofindwaterinsoilwiththeverytipsofits

roots,butsomevarieties,includingmanyusedfordevelopinghigh-outputcornintheU.S.,appearto

havelostpartofthatability,accordingtoaStanford-ledstudy.Withclimatechangeincreasingdroughts,

thefindingsholdpotentialfordevelopingmoredrought-resistantvarietiesofcorn.

Thestudy,publishedinthejournalSciencefuncoversgeneticmechanisms（遗传机制）behindroot

hydropatterningv,orhowplantrootsbranchtowardwaterandavoiddryspacesinsoil.Inparticular,

theresearchersdiscoveredthatethylene,aplanthormone（激素）knowntohelpbananasripen,also

influenceshowrootsgrowtoseekwater.

Forthisstudy,theresearchersdevelopedanew,simplifiedwaytostudywatersensitivityin

roots.TheyfoundcornvarietiesadaptedtohotandwetregionslikeMexicowereverygoodatmakingnew

rootbranchestowardwaterandavoidingdryareas.Incontrast,thevarietiesadaptedtomoderateregionsof

NorthAmericafrequentlygrewrootsrandomlywithoutdistinguishingbetweendryandwetareasinthesoil.

^Interestingly,theplantsthatarebetteratsensingwherethewaterisarealsomakingdeeperroot

systems,"saidleadauthorJohannesScharwies."Oneideaisthatiftheplantdoesn'twastetimegrowing

rootbranchesintoplaceswhereitdoesn'tfindanywaterandnutrients,thenithasmoreenergytogrow

deeperdownwherewaterismorelikely.

Geneticanalysesrevealtwoplanthormones,auxinandethylene,playaroleinhowcornrootsrespond

iowater.Whileauxinwasalreadyknowniohelpcontrolthisprocess,ethylene*sinvolvementwasanew

discovery.Inexperimentswiththalecress-amodelplantoftenusedinresearch-theresearchersfoundauxin

signalingpromotesrootbranchdevelopmenttowardwater,whileethylenestopsbranchingwhentherootis

exposedtoair.

Furtherresearchisneededtobetterunderstandtheinteractionofthesegeneticpathwaysbeforecorn

varietiescanbedevelopedwithmoredrought-resistantrootsystems,butthefindingshighlightthe

significanceofstudyingiheselocalizedresponsesalrootlips,researcherssaid.

［语篇解读］本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了斯坦福大学主导的一项研究揭示了植物根系如何通过遗

传机制寻找水分。研究发现，乙烯和生长素这两种植物激素在玉米根系对水分的反应中起作用。这

些发现为培育更具抗旱性的玉米品种提供了潜力。

1.WhatistheprimaryfocusoftheStanford-ledstudy?

A.Drought-resistantcornvarieties.

B.Ethylene'seffectonfruitripening.

C.Geneticregulationofrootbranching.

D.Impactofclimatechangeonplantroots.

C「细节理解题。根据第二段的“Thestudy...uncoversgeneticmechanisms（遗传机制）behind

root€hydropatterning,,orhowplantrootsbranchtowardwaterandavoiddryspacesinsoil”可知，这项研

究揭示了根系“向水性模式”背后的遗传机制，即植物根系如何朝着水分生长并避开土壤中的干燥

区域。故研究的主要焦点是根系分支的遗传调控，故选C。］

2.WhatcanbeinfenedfromJohannesScharwies'remarks?

A.Planthormonesmakeabigdifferencetorootgrowth.

B.Nutrientsguaranteebetterwater-seekingrootsystems.

C.Rootbranchingconservesenergyforhigherproduction.

D.Strongerhydropatterningislinkedtogreaterrootdepth.

D［推理判断题。根据第四段的“Interestingly,theplantsthatarebetteratsensingwherethewaterisare

alsomakingdeeperrootsystemsn可知，JohannesScharwies说那些更善于感知水源位置的植物，其根

系系统也更深。由此可知，植物根系的“向水性模式”越强大，其根越深，故选D。］

3.WhatdoesParagraph5mainlytalkabout?

A.Modelplantsinresearch.

B.Hormones'roleinrootgrowth.

C.Geneticanalysismethods.

D.Findingsofpreviousresearch.

B［主旨大意题。第五段首句是本段的主旨句，即基因分析显示，两种植物激素——生长素和乙烯

—在玉米根系对水分的反应中发挥着作用，接着分别介绍两种植物激素所发挥的不同作用。所以

第五段主要讲激素在根系生长中的作用，故选B。J

4.Whatdoesthelastparagraphsuggestfutureresearchdo?

A.Prioritizedevelopmentofnewcornvarieties.

B.Workoutthemechanismsofgeneticinteractions.

C.Concentratemerelyonlocalizedrootresponses.

D.Expandpracticalapplicationsofhydropatterning.

B［细节理解题。根据最后一段的"Furtherresearchisneededtobetterunderstandtheinteractionofthese

geneticpathwaysbeforecornvarieuescanbedevelopedwithmoredrought-resistantrootsystems”可知，

在培育出更具抗旱性根系的玉米品种之前，人们还需要进一步研究，以更好地了解这些遗传神经通

路之间的相互作用。由此可知，未来的研究应该弄清楚遗传相互作用的机制，然后才能开发出更具

抗旱性根系的玉米品种，故选Be］

（2025•郑州高中毕业年级第二次质量预测）DuncanJurmanbecameinterestedinbutterflieswhenhe

wasaround5yearsold.Henoticedacoupleofcaterpillars（毛虫）inhisbackyardandwasattractedbythe

differentwaysthatcaterpillarscandisguise（伪装）themselvestoslaysafeinpotentiallydangerous

surroundings.Fromthere,hestartedtolearnmoreaboutcaterpillarsandbutterflies.

Jurmanbelievesthatbutterfliesplayacrucialroleinourecosystems.They'reverylowonthefoodweb,

sotheysupportalotofdifferentspeciesthatrelyonthem.They'reanindicatorspeciesforthehealthofthe

environment.Oncetheydisappear,everythingelseissoontofollow.

Jurman'sgoalistotransformthelandscapeofFlorida'sBrowardCountybyturningaweedysuburbinto

alivelybutterflyreserveatatimewheninsectpopulationsaredecreasingquicklyworldwide.Jurmanbelieves

thateveryflowerplantedisapolenlialhomeandsourceoffoodforcaterpillarsandbutterflies.Heeventually

developedabutterfly-friendlygardeninhisbackyardbyresearchingthedifferentplantsthatbutterflies

prefer.Hehasalreadyraisedandreleasedmorethan5,000butterfliesfromhisgarden.

JurmanalsolaunchedtheBringButterfliesBackcampaigntoeducatepeopleaboutbutterfliesandinvite

themtojoinhiscauseofprotectingbutterflies.Hesaidthatalotofpeoplearesurprisedtolearnthatinsects

aredecliningatsuchanalarmingrate,largelybecausethedeclinehasbeensogradual.Thisphenomenon

helpstoexplainwhypeopleareunwillingtotakemeaningfulactionstosavetheenvironment.

In2018,Jurmanhelpedtobuildabutterflygardenathishighschool.Thegardenhashadaregenerative

effectonthesuiTOundingenvironment—birds,nativelizards,andotherinsectshavereturnedingreat

numbers.Otherschoolshavebeeninspiredtostartgardens."Idon'tknowifwecaneverreachthepointthat

wewereonceatwithbutterflies,butIthinkthatifeveryonegetsinvolvedandstartstheirowngarden,they

canmaketheirownimpact,"Jurmansaid.

［语篇解读］本文是记叙文。本文主要讲述了DuncanJurman在保护蝴蝶方面的努力，包括发起“让蝴

蝶回归”的运动，在他的后院开发了一个蝴蝶友好型的花园，在他学校建立蝴蝶花园等。他还呼吁

人们都参与到蝴蝶保护中来。

5.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?

A.Thefoodchainofinsects.

B.Thecompetitionbetweenspecies.

C.Thepotentialdangertobutterflies.

D.Thevitalroleofbutterfliesinnature.

D［主旨大意题。根据第二段内容可知,aJurmanbelievesthatbutterfliesplayacrucialroleinour

ecosystemsn（Jurman认为蝴蝶在我们的生态系统中扮演着至关重要的角色）为段落主旨句，后面内容

（蝴蝶在食物网的位置很低，所以它们养活了很多依赖它们的不同物种。它们是环境健康的指示物

种。一旦它们消失，其他的东西很快就会跟着消失）都是对这一句话的解释。所以本段主要讲述了蝴

蝶在自然中的重要角色，故选D项。］

6.WhydidJurmancreateabutlerfly-friendlygarden?

A.Toteachpeopleaboutbutterflies.

B.Tostudybutterflies*favoriteplants.

C.Toincreasethenumberofbutterflies.

D.Toimprovethebeautyofhisbackyard.

C［推理判断题。根据笫二段可如Jurman的目标是改变佛罗里达州布劳沃德县的景观，在全世界昆

虫数量迅速减少的时候，把杂草丛生的郊区变成一个令人兴奋的蝴蝶保护区。他最终在他的后院创

建了一个蝴蝶友好型的花园。他三经在自己的花园里饲养并放飞了5（）0（）多只蝴蝶。所以可以推测他

创建蝴蝶友好型的花园是为了增加蝴蝶数量，故选C项。］

7.Whichshowsthephenomenonmentionedinthetext?

A.People'sunawarenessofenvironmentalchanges.

B.Theimpactofhumanactivitiesoninsecthabitats.

C.Therapiddeclineofbutterflypopulationsworldwide.

D.Theprocessoftransformingnaturallandscapesintoreserves.

A［推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，Jurman说许多人发现昆虫数量正以惊人速度减少时是很惊

讶的，主要是因为下降是逐渐的，这种现象帮助解释为什么人们不愿意采取重大行动保护环境。所

以推断文中提到的现象是人们没有注意到自然环境的变化。故选A项。］

8.WhatcanbeinferredfromJurman^wordsinthelastparagraph?

A.Moregardensarebuilttoincreasethenumberofotherinsects.

B.Jurmanispessimisticaboutthefutureofthebutterflypopulation.

C.It'simpossibletorestorebuttcrflics,populationtotheirpreviouslevels.

D.People'sjointeffortscanhaveagreatimpactonthebutterflypopulation.

D［推理判断题。根据最后一段Jurman说的话（我不知道我们是否能达到我们曾经k蝴蝶的保护程

度，但我认为，如果每个人都参与进来，开始自己的花园，他们就能产生自己的影响）可推知，人们

的共同努力可以对蝴蝶种群产生缎大的影响。故选D项。］

C

（2025•郑州高中毕业年级第二次质量预测）Justasdamagedteethcanbereplacedwithgoldcrowns（人

造冠），scientistsareexploringhov/goldcanbeusedtorepairdamagedpartsofthebrain.

ScientistsatLinkopingUniversityinSwedensaidthata“brainofgold”mightjustbewhatweneed

tofightnervoussystemdiseases.Theplanistoputgoldelectrodes（电极）intotheaffectedpartofthe

brain.Theywillactasutelephoneoperatorsbetweennervecellsandelectronicmedicaldevices,enabling

communicationsothatthenervoussystemcanfunctionnormally.

Treatmentplansthatinvolveconnectingmedicaldevicestothebrainalreadyexist.However,the

electrodesusedareusuallymadeofhardmetals,whilethebrainislikeajellythat“shakes”atthebody's

slightestmovement.

“Asthebodyisconstantlyinmotion,achievingclosecontactbetweensomethingthatishardand

somethingthatissoftandbreakablebecomesaproblem,"explainedKiasTybrandt,oneofthescientists.

ThisiswhytheSwedishscientistsarcusinganewmaterialcalled“goldnanowiresn(金纳米线).As

thenamesuggests,thesearelong,extremelythingoldthreads—1,()00timesthinnerthanhumanhair.By

puttingthemintorubber,thescientistshavesuccessfullycreatedelectrodesthataresoftenoughtoconnect

comfortablywiththehumanbrain.

Goldcanbemadeintostructuresassmallasnanowires.AccordingtoLiveScience,goldcanbe

stretched,pressedorevenrolledintoallkindsofshapeswithoutbreaking.What'smore,golddoesn'treact

withotherchemicalsinthehumanbrain,makingitasafechoice.Onceplacedin(hebrain,goldnanowires

canlastforatleastthreeyears,whichislongerthanmanymaterialscurrentlyinuse.

f语篇解读］本文是说明文。瑞典科学家研发了新材料“金纳米线”来探索黄金在人类神经系统治疗

方面的潜在应用。用这种新材料产生的金电极治疗大脑的方法解决了传统电极材料的硬度难题，更

安全、长效。

9.Whatrolewillgoldelectrodesplayintreatingnervoussystemdiseases?

A.Replacingdamagednervecells.

B.Servingasacommunicationlink.

C.Activatingdifferentbrainregions.

D.Protectingthebrain'sunaffectedparts.

B［细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的"Theywill