2022版高考英语一轮复习阶段评估检测必修3作业课件

阶段评估检测(三)(必修3)(120分钟150分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Text1W:IamgladthatitisrainingeventhoughIdonotlikerainyweather.

①Wehavehadaverydryseasonsofarthisyear.M:Yes,Icanhardlyrememberwhenitrainedlasttime.1.Whatwastheweatherlikeinthepastseason?A.Itwasrainy.

B.Itwasdry.C.Itwassunny.答案:BText2W:I’dliketohavetwoofthesepictures.WillIsaveanymoneyifIbuyapair?M:Yes.②Theyareusuallythreedollarseachpiece,butyoucanhavetwoofthemforfivedollars.2.Howmuchdoesonepictureusuallycost?A.$2.

B.$3.

C.$5.答案:BText3M:③Doyouknowwhenwearegoingtohaveourfinalexam?

W:ItwillbeginonJanuary10th.M:Sowedon’thavemuchtimeonourhands.W:③Yes,weonlyhaveabouttwoweekstoreviewthelessons.3.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.

B.Strangers.C.Classmates.答案:CText4M:④AreyougoingtodrivetotheBankofCommunications?It’sdifficulttoparkinthatstreet.W:④Iknow,soI’mgoingtowalkthereifyoucomewithme.

M:OK,④I’llaccompanyyouafterIfilltheform.4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthepark.

B.Atbank.C.Intheoffice.答案:CText5W:EleganceHotel,isthereanythingIcandoforyou?M:⑤Hello,Iwouldliketomakeareservationforfournightsnextweek,fromTuesday.5.Whenwillthemanleavethehotel?A.OnSaturday.

B.OnWednesday.C.OnTuesday.答案:AText6W:Whatshallwedothisweekend?HowaboutgoingtoScotland?M:Scotland?You’remad.Itmaybeasmallcountrybysomestandards,butwecan’tgoallthatwayjustforoneweekend.W:Oh,allright,itwasajoke.Butlet’sgetoutofLondon.Ineedsomefreshair.M:Iagree.⑥I’llhavetoshoponSaturdaymorning,butlet’snotwastetheafternoon.Wherecouldwego?W:WecouldgotoHampstead.M:Goodidea.Wecangobybus,can’twe?⑦Andtherearesomelovelyoldhousesandlittlestreetstolookat,and...6.Whenwillthespeakersstarttheirjourney?A.OnSaturdaymorning.B.OnSaturdayafternoon.C.OnSunday.答案:B7.Whatwillthespeakersdoattheweekend?A.Walkalongtheseaside.B.Enjoythesunset.C.Visitoldhousesandlittlestreets.答案:C听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。Text7W:Whatareyoureading?M:⑧It’sabookwrittenbyaguywhowasbornwithoutarmsorlegs.

W:What?So,howdoeshegetaround?M:Hecanactuallywalkprettywell,buthecan’tmovethatfast.Healsohasanassistantwhohelpshim.He’sactuallyquitesuccessful.W:Hemusthaveworkedprettyhard.M:Yeah.⑨Hetravelsaroundtheworldandgivesspeechestoyoungpeople.He’schangedmanypeople’slives.Evenwhennothingseemedpossible,hestayedpositiveandputinevenmoreeffort.W:That’ssuchanimportantlesson,especiallyforyoungpeople.WeshouldtakeJessetolistentohisspeech.8.Whatdoweknowaboutthewriter?A.Heisstillachildnow.B.Hewasborndisabled.C.Hewasanassistantyearsago.答案:B9.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthewriter’sspeeches?A.Discouraging.

B.Serious. C.Inspiring.答案:C听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。Text8M:It’s6:00.Let’sgotogetsomethingtoeat.W:Alright.M:Youknow,IhavethreeChinesefriendsintown.Andtheyallcomplainaboutthefood.It’sreallystrange.⑩Andweevenhavea

⑪Chineserestauranthere.

W:⑩Thatisn’trealChinesefood.It’sAmericanfood.M:Well,whatabout⑪AmericanrestaurantsinChina?AretheyrealAmericanfood?W:Yes,theyare.Theyareexactlythesameastheyarehere.M:YouChinesearealwayscomplainingaboutfood.W:It’sbecausethefoodinChinaissogood.M:Hmm.Butinthistownwehaveallkindsofethnicrestaurants.Wehave⑪Greekrestaurants,Italianrestaurants,MexicanrestaurantsandJapaneserestaurants.Soyoushouldbeabletofindsomethingyoulike.W:No,it’simpossible.Butifyouwanttohavedinner,⑫whydon’twegototheJapaneserestaurant?Ifeellikesomegoodnoodlesoup.M:Alright,thatsoundsgoodtome.I’mflexible.10.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.InChina. B.InAmerica. C.InJapan.答案:B11.Howmanykindsofrestaurantsarementioned?A.Four. B.Five. C.Six.答案:C12.Wheredoesthewomansuggestgoingfordinner?A.TotheChineserestaurant.B.TotheJapaneserestaurant.C.TotheItalianrestaurant.答案:B听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。Text9W:Excuseme.

⑬We’redoingasurveyonthefreetimehabitsofBritishpeople.CanIaskyouafewquestions?M:Sure.W:Thanks.Right,firstquestion.Howoftendoyougotoabarorapub?M:Oh,notveryoften.Idon’tdrink,butIsometimesgowithfriends.W:OK.Doyoudoanysport?M:Yes.

⑭Igoswimminginthelocalswimmingpoolthreetimesaweek.

W:Andhowoftendoyougotothetheater?M:Hardlyever.Aboutonceayear,perhaps.

⑮Igotothecinemaquitealot,butnotthetheater.W:OK.Anddoyoueverdoanygardening?M:No,Ihaven’tgotagarden—Iliveinaflat.M:Inormallyhavetwoholidaysayear.OneinsummerandonearoundChristmas.⑯Iseldomstayathome.SometimesIvisitmyaunt.UsuallyIgosomewhereinAsia,likeThailand,India.W:OK,that’sall.Thanksalot.13.Wheredoesthemancomefrom?A.India. B.Thailand. C.Britain.答案:C14.Whatdoesthemanoftendo?A.Visitfriends.

B.Goswimming.C.Dothegardening.答案:B15.Wheredoesthemanoftengo?A.Tothecinema.

B.Tothetheater.C.Tothebar.答案:A16.Howdoesthemanusuallyspendhisholiday?A.Stayingathome.

B.Visitingrelatives.C.Travelingaround.答案:C听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。Text10W:Thankyouallforcomingtodaytohearaboutthenewrecyclingprogramoncampus.Rightnow,allrecyclingisvoluntary.Therecyclingwe’veplannedisreallyathree-partprogram.Sorting,collectinganddistributing.Thefirstpart,sorting,isthehardesttogetpeopletodo.

⑱Mostpeopledon’tliketotaketimetoseparatetheirtrash.Andthisisusuallywhymostrecyclingprogramsfail.

However,wearedeterminedtomakeourswork.Insteadofseeingtheusualbrowntrashcansalloverthecampus,fromnowonyou’llseetrashcansoffourdifferentcolors.

⑲Pinkcansareforpaper,greencansareforglass,blueonesareformetalandwhitewaste.Afterthetrashissorted,itneedstobecollectedandtheprogramisstillavolunteerprogram,weareaskingstudentstogivealittleoftheirtimetotheproject,probablynomorethansixhoursperpersoneachweek.

⑳Andagain,yourjobwouldbetocollectthesortedtrashandtakeittothedifferentcentersforeachtypeoftrash.⑰Ifyouarewillingtohelpuswithprogram,bygivingsixhoursaweek,pleasewriteyournameandphonenumberonthisnotepad.

17.Whatisthepurposeofthetalk?A.Toexplainwhyrecyclingisimportant.B.Tocallattentiontotherecyclingprogram.C.Toencouragethelistenerstojointherecyclingprogram.答案:C18.Whydomostrecyclingprogramsfail?A.Mostpeopleareunwillingtosorttheirtrash.B.Allthetrashcansareofthesamecolor.C.Notenoughpeoplevolunteertocollecttrash.答案:A19.Whichcolortrashcanshouldpeopleputpaperinto?A.Pink. B.Green. C.White.答案:A20.Whatisthevolunteer’sjob?A.Topickupandsortthetrash.B.Topickupanddeliverthetrash.C.Toworkintherecyclingcenters.答案:B第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。A(2021·武邑模拟)

TheUnitedStateshasabout475,000schoolbuses—allpaintedyellow.Eachdaytheycarrymorethan25,000,000children,halfofallschoolchildreninthecountry.Butthesebuses,onaverage,usefourlitersofdiesel(柴油)fueltotravellessthansixteenkilometers.Whentheschoolyearbeganlastfall,dieselaveraged55centsaliternationally.Thepricenearlydoubled,toadollarand8cents,bytheendofschoolinJune.

BobRileyspeaksfortheAmericanSchoolBusCouncil.Hesaysfuelpricesforschoolsarenotmuchlowerthanothershavetopay.Asaresult,schoolsarelookingforwaystoreducetransportationcosts.Busroutesarebeingredrawnor,insomecases,canceled.Someareasarebuyingbusesthatusenaturalgasorotheralternativefuels.Otherstepsincludefewerfieldtripsandlesstravelbysportsteams.Andsomeschooldistrictsmayendanybusservicenotrequiredbylaw.

Studiesshowthatschoolbusesarethesafestformoftransportationtoandfromschool.TheAmericanSchoolBusCouncilsayscutsinbusservicearebadforchildrenandpossiblytheenvironment.Itsaysremovingbusesfromtheroadwillmeananincreaseinothervehiclestransportingstudents.SpokesmanBobRileysaysanotherconcernisthatreducingbusservicesmightreduceattendance.

Butitcouldalsogetmorechildrentowalkorbicycletoschool.AndthatwouldsurelymakepeoplehappyattheNationalCenterforSafeRoutestoSchool.Morekidswalkingorbikingsafelytoschoolistheaimofathree-year-oldfederalprogram,partofaninternationalmovement.Thegoalistoincreasephysicalactivityandreduceairpollution.TheUnitedStateswillcelebrateWalktoSchoolDayonOctobereighththisyear.Butforsomestudents,highfuelpricescouldmakeeverydayawalk-to-schoolday.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了高油价对校车的影响。21.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytellus?A.Highfuelprices’influencesonschoolbuses.B.Newmeasurestotransportschoolstudents.C.Thesafestformofstudenttransportation.D.TheoriginofWalktoSchoolDay.【解析】选A。主旨大意题。这类题目通常看首段和尾段的首尾句。由首段和尾段尾句Butforsomestudents,highfuelpricescouldmakeeverydayawalk-to-schoolday.可知选A。高燃油价格对校车的影响。22.Inordertocutdowntransportationcost,manyschoolstakethefollowingmeasuresEXCEPT______.

A.changingsomebusroutesB.stoppingsomebusroutesC.askingparentstodrivechildrentoandfromschoolD.usingothertypesoffuels【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据关键词cutdowntransportationcost可以定位到文中句子Busroutesarebeingredrawnor,insomecases,canceled.Someareasarebuyingbusesthatusenaturalgasorotheralternativefuels.由此可知C选项未被提及,故选C。23.TheNationalCenterforSafeRoutestoSchoolencouragesmorechildrentowalkorbiketoschoolinorderto______.

A.savemorefuelsanddieselforthecountryB.keepthechildrensafeontheirwaytoschoolC.makethechildrenliveasimplelifeD.keepthechildrenhealthyandtheenvironmentclean【解析】选D。细节理解题。由题目可以定位到最后一段Thegoalistoincreasephysicalactivityandreduceairpollution.目标是增加体育活动和减少空气污染。故选D。B

Pinocchiomaybejustachildren’sfairytale,butSpanishscientistsattheUniversityofGranadarecentlyinvestigatedtheso-called“Pinocchioeffect”andfoundthatournosesdon’tgrowwhenwetellalie,butactuallyshrinkabit.Dr.EmilioGómezMilánandhisteamdevelopedaliedetectortestthatusedthermographytotellifpeoplewerelying,andfoundthatwheneverparticipantsintheirresearchwerebeinguntruthful,thetemperatureofthetipsoftheirnosesdroppedupto1.2℃,whilethetemperatureoftheirforeheadincreasedupto1.5℃.Scientistsalsofoundthatdropintemperatureatnoselevelactuallycausedittoslightlyshrink,althoughthedifferenceisundetectedbythehumaneye.“Onehastothinkinordertolie,whichrisesthetemperatureoftheforehead,”Dr.GomezMilanexplainedthefindings.“Atthesametimewefeelanxious,whichlowersthetemperatureofthenose.”

Forthisstudy,researchersaskedanumberof60studentstoperformvarioustaskswhilebeingscannedbythermalimagingtechnology.Oneofthesetasksinvolvedcallinga3to4minutescalltotheirparents,partnerorafriendandtellingasignificantlie.Participantshadtodevisetheliebythemselvesduringthecall,andthethermalcameraspickedupthis“reversePinocchioeffect”causedbythefluctuation(起伏)intemperatureinthenoseandforehead.

Interestingly,thethermalliedetectorpickedupthetemperaturedifferencein80percentoftestsubjects,whichisabetterrateofsuccessthanthatofanymodernliedetector.“Withthismethodwehaveachievedtoincreaseaccuracyandreducetheoccurrenceof‘falsepositives’,somethingthatisfrequentlywithothermethodssuchasthepolygraph(测谎仪),”saidDr.EmilioGómezMilán,whoaddedthatlawenforcementinterviewerscouldonedaycombineotherliedetectiontechnologywiththermalimagingtoachievebetterresults.

Thethermalliedetectorhasbeenthemostreliableintheworld,10%morethanthepopularpolygraph.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项新研究发现撒谎虽然不会像匹诺曹故事中那样让鼻子变长,但是会出现一些细微的面部表情变化,而这项发现可以应用到司法执法的过程中。24.Whydoestheauthormention“Pinocchio”atthebeginning?A.Totellafairystory.B.Towarnusnottolie.C.Tointroducearesearch.D.Toinspireustodoubtoldbeliefs.【解析】选C。推理判断题。匹诺曹故事的作用,而非故事寓意,故从结构作用上分析可知用匹诺曹是为了引出主题研究。故选C。25.Accordingtotheresearch,whatmighthappenifyoutellalie?A.Yournosegetslonger.B.Yournosebecomessmaller.C.Yourtemperaturegetshigher.D.Yourtemperatureremainsstable.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,人撒谎过后鼻尖降温、额头升温,而这种温度的变化会导致皱鼻子(slightlyshrink)的动作,也就是鼻子会稍微缩小,故选B。26.Whatcanwelearnabouttheresearch?A.Researchersconductthestudybyinterviewing.B.Researchersdesigndifferenceliesforparticipants.C.Thethermalliedetectorwillproveapopularone.D.Thethermalliedetectormayassistlawenforcement.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知,这项技术有望投入到司法执法过程中,综合全文内容,可知这项研究中的最大成果是测谎仪的应用。27.Whichmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Willliedetectorstellthetruth?B.Willlyingmakeyournoselonger?C.Willlyingmakeyourtemperaturerise?D.Willthermalimagingtechnologybereliable?【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据文章内容可知,新研究发现了撒谎过后人面部表情的变化(鼻子变小而非变长),故选B。C

Hereallydidlooklikeatourist,withacameraaroundhisneckandabottleofsunscreencreamstickingoutofhisbag.Thefatmansatontheterrace(平台),sippinglemonadeandpretendingtolookatatourismbrochure.Hissunglassesmaskedhiseyes,butIknewhewasn’tlookingatthebrochure:hehadn’tturnedapageforthelasttenminutes.AsIbroughthimhisdishes,hecoughedupa“thankyou”andlookedatmebriefly.Itriednottostareatthetinyscaracrosshislefteyebrow.

Iwalkedbackinsidewithmyemptytray,shakingmyhead.Helookedfamiliar,butIcouldn’tquiteplacehim.Thenithitme.Thecaraccident.Themysteriousstrangerwhohelpedmeoutofmycrashedcar,justbeforeitexploded.Irushedbacktohistable.Hewasgone.

Imovedhissaucerandfoundhistip,alongwithacard:Iamdeeplygratefultoyou.Thenightofyourcaraccident,Iwasonmywaytorobajewelrystore.Savingyourlifebroughtthingsbackinarightway.Inowliveanhonestlife,thankstoyou.Godblessyou!Mr.D.

Ishivered(震颤).Thenightofmycaraccident,Iwasheadingforaninterviewinanillegaldanceclub.Seeinghumankindnessthroughhisheroicgestureturnedmylifearoundandbroughtfaithbackintomylife.Iunfoldedthetipheleft.Amongthesingleswasagrand(一千美元)withapenmarkunderlining“InGodWeTrust.”Isaidasilentprayerforhimandgotbacktowork,smiling.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。一个要去抢劫的陌生人在车祸中救了作者的命,从此改变了双方的生活。这个要抢劫的人恢复正常的生活,让作者看到了人性的善良,重拾生活的信心。后来两人在作者工作的地方重遇,他给作者留下小费和卡片以感谢作者,作者也为他祈祷。28.Whydidthefatmanlooklikeatourist?A.Becauseheusedmoneynotthesameasthelocals.B.Becausehecarriedwhattouristsusuallyhaveon.C.Becausehedoesn’tlooklikeanativecitizen.D.Becauseheorderedstrangefoodanddrinks.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段“Hereallydidlooklikeatourist,withacameraaroundhisneckandabottleofsunscreencreamstickingoutofhisbag.”可知,胖子带着旅客常带的东西,故选B。【知识拓展】细节理解题的正确选项的特点(1)一般可以在文章中找到直接或间接的答案,但不可能与阅读材料一模一样,而是用不同的词语或句型去表达相同的意思。例如,原文用双重否定,选项用肯定句式;进行同义词替换或句子结构的替换或句子结构变换;原文与选项互换反义词等。当然这只是形式上的变换,意思还是一致。(2)在因果关系上常常命题,正确项多为产生原因或是主要原因,也有少量考结果的。Hereallydidlooklikeatourist,withacameraaroundhisneckandabottleofsunscreencreamstickingoutofhisbag.句子中前为果后为因。故可知答案。29.Howdidthewriterknowthemandidn’treadthebrochure?A.Hewasdrinkingallthetime.B.Hesatstillwithhissunglasses.C.Thepageremainedunturned.D.Hewasstaringatthewriter.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“hehadn’tturnedapageforthelasttenminutes.他已经十分钟没有翻页了。”可知他是假装在看宣传册。故选C。30.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Theykeptintouchwitheachothersincethen.B.Thewriterhadbeensearchingfortheman.C.Themanbecamearichmanyearslater.D.Thewriterdidn’tgotothatinterview.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thenightofmycaraccident,Iwasheadingforaninterviewinanillegaldanceclub...”可推断出作者去面试前发生车祸而没有去面试。故选D。31.Whatistheirattitudetowardseachother?A.Sympathetic.B.Grateful.C.Worried.D.Trusty.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段“Iamdeeply...thankstoyou.Godblessyou!Mr.D.”可知,他感激我。根据第四段“Seeinghumankindnessthroughhisheroicgestureturnedmylifearoundandbroughtfaithbackintomylife.和Isaidasilentprayerforhimandgotbacktowork,smiling.”可知,他的英雄行为让我看到了人性的善良,使我的生活发生了变化,并使我对生活重拾信心。我默默地为他祈祷。由此可推断出他们相互感激。故选B。DThefamousSpanishpainterPabloPicassooncesaid,“Everychildisanartist.Theproblemhehasishowtoremainanartistoncehegrowsup.”

Thisisbothencouraginganddiscouraging.Thefactthatwewereallborntobeartistsiscertainlyexciting,andyettherealityhasproventhatremainingoneisataskthatmanyofushavefailed.

Fortunately,somepeoplehaveseentheproblemandwanttosolveit.

Westerneducatorshavesuggestedthatweintroducetheconceptof“STEAM”insteadof“STEM”—traditional“coremajors”includingscience,technology,engineering,andmath—sincethe“A”,whichstandsfor“arts”,isjustasimportant.

AndonApril11,China’sMinistryofEducationissuedaguideline.Collegesanduniversitiesarerequiredtoprovidemoreart-relatedcoursesandstudentsneedtoearnacertainnumberofartcreditsinordertograduate.

Theseeffortswhichcameaftermanyscientificstudieshadfoundthatarteducationhelpsstudentsdevelopself-confidenceandteamworkskills,aswellashabitsofmindsuchasproblemsolvingandcriticalthinking,accordingtoThe

Washington

Post.

It’struethatnoneoftheseskillstargetspecificjobs.ButasformerUSballetdancerDamianWoetzeltoldThe

Atlantic,thepurposeofartis“togivekidsthetoolstobecomeadultswhoarecreative,adaptable,andexpressive-capableofhavingtheireyesandearsandsensesalive”.Andwecannowseehowwelosttrackofourborn“artistself”onourwaytogrowingup:Wefailedtokeepourcapabilitiestosee,hearandfeel,andbecameblind,deafandinsensitiveadults.

Hopefully,arteducationcanhelpturnthingsaround.【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。西方教育工作者提出“STEAM”的概念,说明“艺术”和其他的核心专业同样重要。中国教育部也发布了准则,要求高校提供更多与艺术相关的课程,学生需要获得一定数量的艺术学分才能毕业。艺术教育可以培养他们的自信、团队合作精神及思维习惯等。32.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroduceafamousartist.B.Tosummarizethewholepassage.C.Toleadinthetopic.D.Toencourageustobeartists.【解析】选C。推理判断题。文章第一段借用西班牙著名画家PabloPicasso说过的话Everychildisanartist.Theproblemhehasishowtoremainanartistoncehegrowsup.”是为了引出下文的关于孩子应该接受艺术教育的话题。故选C项。33.Whyshouldtheconceptof“STEAM”beintroducedaccordingtowesterneducators?A.Artisasimportantastraditional“coremajors”.B.Allofusshouldlearnartincollege.C.Traditional“coremajors”areoutofdate.D.Westerneducationismorehelpful.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第四段...weintroducetheconceptof“STEAM”insteadof“STEM”...sincethe“A”,whichstandsfor“arts”,isjustasimportant.可知,引入“STEAM”的概念是表示“艺术”和其他的核心专业同样重要。故选A项。34.WhatcanwepredictfromtheguidelineissuedbyChina’sMinistryofeducation?A.Moreart-relatedcourseswillappearinallschools.B.Collegestudentswillhavetogainenoughartcreditstograduate.C.Morestudentswillmajorinartatcollegesanduniversities.D.Artwillbecomemuchmoreimportantthanscience.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第五段中“Collegesanduniversitiesarerequiredtoprovidemoreart-relatedcoursesandstudentsneedtoearnacertainnumberofartcreditsinordertograduate.”可知,根据中国教育部发布的准则,高校学生需要获得一定量的艺术学分才能毕业。故选B项。35.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.EverychildisanartistB.BringingarttolifeC.LearningfromtheartistsD.Lifeisart【解析】选B。主旨大意题。文章主题是应该发展艺术教育,让艺术重回我们的生活。所以短文的最佳标题是“让艺术重回我们的生活”。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2021·西安模拟)BuildingaLastingSocialRelationshipWeallknowthatfriendsarespecialpeoplewhoweshareourliveswith,andwhosharetheirliveswithusinreturn.

36

.

AccordingtoresearchrecentlypublishedintheJournalofSocialandPersonalRelationships,thekeyistouse“we-talk”.

LedbyUniversityofCaliforniapsychologistMeganRobinsandhercolleagues,theresearchersreviewedandanalyzed30differentstudiesinvolvingover5,000participants.

37

.

Theword“we”movespeoplefromanindividualpositionintoapartnership,whichmakesusmoreinterdependent.“

38

.Worduseisawindowintowhatpeoplearethinkingandfeelingwithoutaskingthem,”RobbinstoldScience

Daily.

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.Theprimarypointisthatinterdependencemaybringaboutsupportiveandrelationship-centeredbehaviorsandpositiveperceptionsofthepartner—especiallyimportantintimesofstressanddisagreement.

Contraryto“we-talk”,thereis“I-talk”,whichreferstothefrequentuseofthefirst-personsingularpronouns,suchas“I”,“me”and“mine”,whenwritingorspeaking.Earlierthisyear,researcheranalyzedasetofdatathatcamefrom47,000peopleinGermanyandtheUS.

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.Asyoucanseefromthetwostudies,toomuch“I-talk”canmakeyoufeeldepressed.But“we-talk”canencourageyoutobecomemorepositiveandcreateachaineffectofhealthyinterdependencewithothers.

Sonexttimeyouaretalkingtoafriend,tryusingmore“we-talk”.Youmayfindyourselffeelingmorepositive—andtheeffectitwillhaveonyourfriendwillbepositiveaswell.A.Butseekingfriendsandkeepingthefriendshipgoingarenevereasy.B.Theirresearchalsofoundthat“we-talk”ishelpfulforresolvingconflicts.C.Ifyouarespeakinginapersoncontext,you’respeakingaboutsomethingthat’sofrelevancetoyou.D.Pronounsofferaninsightintowhetherpeopleseethemselvesasindividualsoraspartofawhole.E.Thisanalysisof“we-talk”suggestedthatthefrequentuseof“we”and“us”islinkedtohappierandhealthierrelationships.F.Theyfoundthattoomuch“I-talk”wasanaccuratelinguisticmarkerforthelikelihoodthatsomeoneisfeelingstressedorexperiencingnegativeemotions.G.Self-centeredpeoplearefoundtobeindifferenttomanythingsinsocietyandotherpeoplebecausealltheirconcentrationisonlyonthemselvesandtheirneeds.【文章大意】本文是说明文。我们都认为,朋友是彼此之间分享生活的特别之人。但交朋友并维持友谊从来都不是易事。研究表明,维系友谊的关键在于在交流中使用“我们”一词。36.【解析】选A。根据空前Weallknowthatfriendsarespecialpeoplewhoweshareourliveswith,andwhosharetheirliveswithusinreturn.(我们都知道,朋友是彼此之间分享生活的特别之人)可知下面表示转折。A项(但交朋友并维持友谊从来都不是易事)符合语境。37.【解析】选E。根据空前句theresearchersreviewedandanalyzed30differentstudiesinvolvingover5,000participants.(研究人员评估并分析了由5000多人参与的30项不同的研究。)可知下面要说研究的结果。E项(研究表明,频繁使用“we”或者“us”等词与更开心、更健康的人际关系密切相关)符合语境。38.【解析】选D。根据Theword“we”movespeoplefromanindividualpositionintoapartnership,whichmakesusmoreinterdependent.(“我们”一词让人们从独立个体的处境进入伙伴关系之中,变得更加依赖彼此。)可知D项(代词能够体现出人们将自己视为独立个体,还是团体的一分子。)符合语境。39.【解析】选B。根据空后Theprimarypointisthatinterdependencemaybringaboutsupportiveandrelationship-centeredbehaviorsandpositiveperceptionsofthepartner(其根本在于,相互依赖或许能带来以人际关系为中心的支持行为以及对同伴的正面认知——在面对压力和冲突的情况下,这些尤为重要),可知这是在解释“我们”有助于冲突的解决。B项(他们的研究还发现,“we-talk”有助于解决冲突)符合语境。40.【解析】选F。空后Asyoucanseefromthetwostudies,toomuch“I-talk”canmakeyoufeeldepressed.(正如你从这两项研究中所见,过多的“I-talk”会让你感到沮丧。)“I-talk”是关键词。可以推断F项“他们发现,过度的‘I-talk’是一个准确的语言标记,能体现出人们感到压力或正在经历负面情绪的可能性。”切题。故选F。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

KevinDurantisoneofthebestplayersthathavewonchampionshipsintheNationalBasketballAssociation(NBA).HehasalsowontheNBA’sMostValuablePlayer

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.Butitisnotjusthis

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onthecourtthatmakehim

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.Itiswherehecamefromandwhathehadto

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thatmakehimso.

DurantgrewupinWashington,D.C.Hisfatherleftthefamilywhenhewasveryyoungsohismom

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himasasingleparent.Timeswere

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andtheyhadtomovefromapartmenttoapartment.BecauseKevinwasverytall,hewas

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fromeveryoneelseofhisage.Sometimes,hewasbulliedbyhisclassmates.

Despitethe

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,therewasalwaysalotofloveand

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inhisfamily.Hismomwrotea(n)

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thathungoverKevin’sbed:“Alwaysbelievethatanythingis

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.”Kevinwasverytallatanearlyageandhelikedbasketballverymuch.Sowhenhewasabout10yearsold,hetoldhismomthathe

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becominganNBAplayerandshedideverythingshecouldtohelphim.

Heworkedveryhardat

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himself.Hefailedmanytimesbutkept

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.“Hepracticedbasketball8hoursadayfor6years

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!Thiswasontopofhishomeworkandplayingforhisschoolteams!”saidhiscoach.

Fromhismomandfamily,helearnedalwaystobe

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andhumble(谦逊的).NowthatKevinhasachie