中考英语动词短语全面复习题库

中考英语动词短语全面复习题库同学们，大家好！在中考英语的备考征途上，动词短语无疑是一块需要下苦功夫啃下来的硬骨头。它们数量繁多，含义灵活，搭配多变，却又是完形填空、阅读理解、词汇运用乃至书面表达等各个题型中的“常客”。能否准确理解和熟练运用这些动词短语，直接关系到我们能否在考试中取得理想的成绩。今天，我们就一同深入探讨中考英语动词短语的全面复习策略，并结合精心设计的练习题，帮助大家系统化地梳理、巩固这部分知识，力求在考试中做到游刃有余。一、动词短语复习策略与核心要点在开始刷题之前，我们首先要明确动词短语的复习并非简单的死记硬背，而是要掌握科学的方法，才能事半功倍。1.理解记忆，而非机械背诵：每个动词短语都有其特定的含义和使用语境。我们要尽可能地在句子中、在篇章中去理解它的含义和用法，而不是孤立地背诵中文释义。例如，“lookup”既可以表示“向上看”，也可以表示“查阅（字典、资料）”，具体含义需要结合上下文判断。2.梳理归纳，建立联系：将学过的动词短语进行分类整理是个好方法。可以按照动词为中心进行归纳（如take短语、get短语、make短语等），也可以按照短语的含义进行归类（如表示“放弃”的短语：giveup,abandon,quit；表示“开始”的短语：beginwith,startoff,setoutto等）。这样有助于对比记忆，避免混淆。3.勤加练习，注重应用：动词短语的掌握离不开大量的练习。通过做题，我们可以检验自己的掌握程度，熟悉其在不同语境下的运用，并在错误中学习和巩固。4.错题整理，查漏补缺：准备一个错题本，将练习中做错的涉及动词短语的题目整理出来，分析错误原因，定期回顾，这是查漏补缺、提升能力的关键环节。二、核心动词短语梳理与精练以下，我们将按照中考常考的动词为线索，梳理一些核心动词短语，并配以针对性的练习题，帮助大家在实践中加深理解。（一）Look短语*lookfor：寻找（强调动作）*例句：I’mlookingformyEnglishbook.Haveyouseenit?*lookafter：照顾，照料*例句：CouldyoupleaselookaftermypetdogwhileI’maway?*lookup：查阅（词典、资料等）；向上看*例句：Ifyoudon’tknowtheword,youcanlookitupinthedictionary.*lookforwardto：期待，盼望（to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词）*例句：Wearealllookingforwardtothesummerholiday.*lookout：小心，留神*looklike：看起来像*例句：Helookslikehisfatherverymuch.*lookthrough：浏览；快速查看*例句：Shelookedthroughthenewspaperforthejobadvertisement.【练习题】1.Weshould__________thenewwordsinadictionarywhenwedon’tknowthem.A.lookatB.lookupC.lookafterD.lookfor2.Mymotherisill,soIhavetostayathometo__________her.A.lookforB.lookupC.lookafterD.looklike3.I’m__________hearingfromyousoon.A.lookingforwardtoB.lookingoutC.lookingthroughD.lookingafter【答案与解析】1.B。句意：当我们不认识生词时，应该在字典里查阅它们。lookup查阅。lookat看；lookafter照顾；lookfor寻找。2.C。句意：我妈妈病了，所以我必须在家照顾她。lookafter照顾。3.A。句意：我期待着很快收到你的来信。lookforwardtodoingsth.期待做某事。（二）Take短语*takeoff：（飞机）起飞；脱下（衣服、鞋帽等）*例句：Theplanewilltakeoffintenminutes./Pleasetakeoffyourcoat;it’swarminside.*takeon：承担（责任）；雇佣；呈现（面貌）*takeup：占据（时间、空间）；开始从事（爱好、职业等）*takecareof：照顾，照料（=lookafter）*例句：Pleasetakecareofyourselfwhenyouarealone.*takepartin：参加（活动、比赛等）*例句：Allstudentsarerequiredtotakepartinthesportsmeeting.*takeplace：发生（无被动语态）*例句：Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourhometownsincethen.【练习题】4.Theplane__________at9:00a.m.andarrivesinBeijingat11:30a.m.A.takesoffB.takesonC.takesupD.takescare5.Afterretirement,mygrandfather__________gardeningasahobby.A.tookoffB.tookupC.tookonD.tookplace6.The2008OlympicGames__________inBeijing.A.tookoffB.tookplaceC.tookupD.tookcare【答案与解析】4.A。句意：飞机上午九点起飞，十一点半抵达北京。takeoff起飞。5.B。句意：退休后，我爷爷开始把园艺当作爱好。takeup开始从事。6.B。句意：2008年奥运会在北京举行。takeplace发生，举行。（三）Get短语*getup：起床*例句：Iusuallygetupatsixo’clockinthemorning.*geton/off：上/下车（船、飞机等）*例句：Wegotonthebusatthenextstop./Don’tgetoffthebusuntilitstops.*getalong/onwith：与……相处；进展（某事）*例句：Shegetsalongwellwithherclassmates./HowareyougettingonwithyourEnglishstudy?*getreadyfor：为……做准备*例句：Wearegettingreadyforthefinalexam.*getto：到达（某地）*例句：WhendidyougettoShanghaiyesterday?*getoutof：从……出来；避免，摆脱*例句：Hegotoutofthecarquickly./Shemanagedtogetoutofherbadhabit.*getback：回来；取回*例句：Iwillgetbackhomebeforedark./Didyougetbackyourlostpen?【练习题】7.Howdoyou__________withyournewroommate?A.getupB.getonC.gettoD.getoutA.getB.takeC.makeD.do9.Thetrainarrived,andpassengersbeganto__________it.A.getonB.getoffC.getupD.getout【答案与解析】7.B。句意：你和你的新室友相处得怎么样？getonwith与……相处。getup起床；getto到达；getout出去。8.A。句意：请为即将到来的考试做好准备。getreadyfor为……做准备。9.A。句意：火车到站了，乘客们开始上车。geton上车。getoff下车。（四）Make短语*makeup：组成，构成；编造（故事、谎言等）；化妆*例句：Girlsmakeup50%oftheclass./Hemadeupanexcuseforbeinglate./Shespendsanhourmakingupeverymorning.*makesure：确保，查明*例句：Makesureyoulockthedoorbeforeyouleave.*makefriendswith：与……交朋友*例句：It’seasytomakefriendswithhimbecauseheisveryfriendly.*makealiving：谋生*例句：Hisfathermakesalivingbydrivingataxi.*makeprogress：取得进步*例句：Withhardwork,youwillmakeprogressinEnglish.*makemistakes：犯错误*例句：Don’tbeafraidofmakingmistakeswhenspeakingEnglish.【练习题】10.Youshould__________thatallthewindowsareclosedbeforegoingout.A.makeupB.makesureC.makefriendsD.makemistakes11.Sheoften__________storiestoamuseherlittlebrother.A.makesupB.makessureC.makesofD.makesfrom12.Ihopeto__________withallofyouinthisnewclass.A.makefacesB.makenoiseC.makefriendsD.makeroom【答案与解析】10.B。句意：出门前你应该确保所有的窗户都关好了。makesure确保。makeup编造；makefriends交朋友；makemistakes犯错误。11.A。句意：她经常编故事逗她弟弟开心。makeup编造。12.C。句意：我希望能和这个新班级的所有人交朋友。makefriendswith与……交朋友。makefaces做鬼脸；makenoise制造噪音；makeroom腾出空间。（五）Put短语*puton：穿上，戴上（强调动作）；上演（戏剧等）*例句：It’scoldoutside.Pleaseputonyoursweater./Theschoolwillputonanewplaynextweek.*putoff：推迟，拖延*例句：WehavetoputoffthemeetinguntilnextMondaybecausethemanagerisill.*putaway：把……收起来，放好*例句：Pleaseputawayyourtoysafterplaying.*putup：举起；张贴（海报、通知等）；搭建*例句：Putupyourhandsifyouhaveanyquestions./Theyputupanoticeonthewall./Weputupatentbythelake.*putdown：放下；写下，记下*例句：Heputdownhisbookandstoodup./Pleaseputdownyournameandaddresshere.【练习题】13.Thesportsmeetinghastobe__________becauseofthebadweather.A.putonB.putoffC.putupD.putdown14.Please__________yourhandsifyouknowtheanswe