2026年小学五年级语文上册期末考试试卷及答案

2026年小学五年级语文上册期末考试试卷及答案第一部分：积累与运用（46分）一、读拼音，写词语。注意把字写美观。（10分）这学期，我们阅读了许多感人的故事。在《父爱之舟》中，我们体会到了父亲对儿子深沉的ài（）与关怀；在《慈母情深》中，我们看到了母亲在zào（）热的工作环境中艰辛劳作的身影；在《将相和》中，我们认识了机智勇敢、顾全大局的蔺相如和知错就改的lǐnɡ（）如山的廉颇。民间故事中，海力布为了拯救乡亲们，变成了jiāng（）硬的石头；牛郎织女的故事则让我们对那座wúqíng（）的天桥感到惋惜。我们还从《圆明园的毁灭》中，铭记了历史的chǐ（）辱，立志为中华之juéqǐ（）而读书。二、选择题。（请将正确答案的序号填在括号里）（12分）1.下列词语中，加点字的读音完全正确的一项是（）。A.便（pián）宜削（xuē）弱勉强（qiǎng）冠（guàn）军B.纠（jiū）纷间（jiàn）隔便（biàn）宜投奔（bèn）C.诲（huǐ）人不倦琴弦（xián）妄（wàng）想乃（nǎi）翁D.步履（lǚ）艰难唯（wéi）独胆怯（qiè）拮据（jù）2.下列词语书写完全正确的一项是（）。A.完壁归赵负荆请罪同心协力理直气状B.难以置信完好无缺犹豫不决一如既往C.络绎不决心旷神怡千篇一律众星拱月D.举世闻名金壁辉煌诗情画意亭台楼阁3.下列句子中，加点成语使用不恰当的一项是（）。A.面对敌人的严刑拷打，江姐斩钉截铁地拒绝透露党的秘密。B.这里的风景美不胜收，让人心旷神怡，流连忘返。C.他在演讲比赛中夸夸其谈，赢得了评委的一致好评。D.既然两个方案各有千秋，那我们就综合一下，取长补短吧。4.下列句子中，标点符号使用完全正确的一项是（）。A.我问那个卖牡蛎的人：“应该付您多少钱？先生。”B.“完了，”他沮丧地说：“我什么也看不见了。”C.它的果实埋在地里，不像桃子、石榴、苹果那样，把鲜红嫩绿的果实高高地挂在枝头上。D.爷爷问我：“你喜欢读书吗？喜欢读什么书？”5.下列关于文学常识的说法，有误的一项是（）。A.《落花生》的作者是许地山，他的笔名就是“落花生”。B.《示儿》是宋代诗人陆游的绝笔诗，表达了他渴望收复失地的强烈愿望。C.《将相和》选自司马迁的《史记·廉颇蔺相如列传》，“将”指廉颇，“相”指蔺相如。D.《猎人海力布》和《牛郎织女》都是古希腊神话故事。6.下列句子中没有语病的一项是（）。A.通过这次活动，使我明白了团队合作的重要性。B.我们要改进学习方法，增加学习效率。C.他的写作水平明显改进了。D.即使天气很冷，可是大家坚持早锻炼。三、按要求完成句子练习。（8分）1.蔺相如对秦王说：“您现在离我只有五步远，您不答应，我就把您的脖子上撞碎！”（改为转述句）___________________________________________________________2.我的心境变得清澈起来。（改为反问句）___________________________________________________________3.哪怕是一只小小的知了，也足以令人感动。（用加点词语仿写句子）哪怕……也……___________________________________________________________4.太阳离我们太远了。太阳看起来只有一个盘子那么大。（用关联词合成一句话）___________________________________________________________四、课文内容与积累填空。（16分）1.垂緥饮清露，__________。__________，非是藉秋风。（虞世南《蝉》）2.____________________，孤城万仞山。羌笛何须怨杨柳，__________________。（王之涣《凉州词》）3.契诃夫曾说：“有志者事竟成。”我们在《少年中国说（节选）》中也读到了类似的精神：“____________________，____________________……纵有千古，横有八荒；前途似海，来日方长。”4.《落花生》一课告诉我们，人要做__________的人，不要做__________，而__________的人。5.《圆明园的毁灭》一文中，作者用大量的笔墨描写圆明园昔日的辉煌，这种写法叫做__________，更能激发起读者对圆明园的__________之情。6.每天早晨，我都看到许多老人在公园里锻炼身体，有的打太极拳，有的舞剑，有的跳广场舞，真是__________。（填歇后语）第二部分：阅读理解（24分）五、课内阅读。（10分）这时候，值班室的干部送来热气腾腾的绿茶一碗花生米，放在掩体中间的桌子上。将军不由得走近光亮处看了看，这不就是平日里大家吃的花生米吗？其实，将军并不知道，在这个小岛上，因为运输困难，战士们已经很久没有吃到新鲜蔬菜了，这一碗花生米，还是他们从陆地上带来的最后一点存货。将军看了看他们，又看了看那一小碗花生米，喉结上下动了动，最后，他什么也没说，转身向大海走去。海风呼呼地吹着，海浪拍打着礁石，发出哗哗的响声。将军的背影在风中显得有些单薄，但他挺直了腰杆，一步一步向前走去。他的脚步很沉重，每一步都像是在沙滩上烙下了一个深深的印记。1.选文中，“喉结上下动了动”这一细节描写，表现了将军当时怎样的内心活动？（3分）___________________________________________________________2.文中画线句子属于什么描写？有什么作用？（4分）___________________________________________________________3.结合全文，简要分析“将军”是一个怎样的人。（3分）___________________________________________________________六、课外阅读。（14分）老海棠树①奶奶，和一棵老海棠树，在我的记忆里不能分开；好像她们从来就在一起。②老海棠树有两条粗壮的枝桠，弯曲如一把躺椅，小时候我经常爬上去，一天一天地就在那玩儿。奶奶在树下喊：“下来吧，你就这么一天到晚待在上头？”③是的，我在那儿看报纸，读小说，那是我的一个小小的乐园。春天，老海棠树摇动满树繁花，花落如雪，飘落一地；夏天，长长的枝叶伸展开来，遮住了半个院子，我们在树下乘凉、嬉戏；秋天，海棠果红了，像一盏盏小灯笼，挂在枝头，那是奶奶最开心的时刻，她会摘下最红的一颗递给我：“尝尝，甜不甜？”冬天，光秃秃的枝干在寒风中挺立，奶奶会在树下给我讲那些古老的故事。④奶奶一生都是在劳作中度过的。她不识字，但她知道读书好。她常常说：“你得好好念书，念好了书，才有出息。”⑤后来，我长大了，离开了家乡，离开了奶奶和那棵老海棠树。再后来，奶奶病了，躺在床上，不能下地了。那时候，家里生活困难，奶奶舍不得花钱买药，硬是挺着。每次我回去看她，她总是强打精神，笑着问我：“书念得怎么样了？”我告诉她，挺好的，她便舒展开满脸的皱纹，像老海棠树舒展开枝叶一样。⑥那年秋天，我接到家里的电报，说奶奶不行了。我连夜赶回去，推开家门，院子里静悄悄的，老海棠树依然挺立在那里，只是叶子落尽了，显得格外苍老。屋里传来了亲人们的哭声。我走进屋，奶奶静静地躺在床上，像老海棠树在冬天里静静地睡着。她的脸上带着安详的微笑，手里还紧紧攥着那本我小时候读过的书。⑦我哭了。我想起奶奶一生对我的爱，想起老海棠树下那些美好的时光。奶奶虽然走了，但那棵老海棠树依然站在我的记忆里，枝繁叶茂，花开似锦。⑧许多年过去了，每当我遇到挫折时，总会想起奶奶的话：“好好念书，才有出息。”想起那棵老海棠树，它给了我力量，让我在人生的道路上勇敢前行。1.短文是按照什么顺序来写的？请找出相关的词语加以说明。（3分）___________________________________________________________2.短文第③段是按照什么顺序描写的？请用文中的词语填空。（2分）__________→__________→__________→__________3.联系上下文，理解第⑤段中画线句子的含义。（3分）___________________________________________________________4.文章多次写到“老海棠树”，有什么作用？（3分）___________________________________________________________5.下列对短文内容的理解，不正确的一项是（）（3分）A.文章通过回忆奶奶与“我”和老海棠树之间的故事，表达了作者对奶奶的深切怀念。B.奶奶虽然不识字，但她非常支持“我”读书，希望“我”有出息。C.第⑥段中“手里还紧紧攥着那本我小时候读过的书”这一细节，表现了奶奶对“我”的期望和爱。D.老海棠树因为奶奶的去世也枯萎了，再也没有开花。第三部分：习作（30分）七、习作。题目：那一刻，我长大了提示：在你的成长过程中，一定有过那么一个时刻，某个瞬间，让你突然觉得自己长大了。也许是学会了照顾生病的父母，也许是第一次独自面对困难，也许是明白了某个道理……请你围绕“那一刻，我长大了”写一篇记叙文。要求：1.内容具体，感情真实，语句通顺。2.书写工整，不写错别字。3.字数不少于450字。4.文中不要出现真实的校名、人名。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________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