2023年英语六级真题词汇注释版附完整答案

2023年英语六级真题词汇注释版附完整答案

一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.Thecommitteeinsistedthattheproposal______beforethedeadline.A.besubmittedB.wassubmittedC.hadsubmittedD.submits2.Thenewvaccineisexpectedto______thespreadofthevirusinruralareas.A.containB.detainC.maintainD.sustain3.Notuntilthelate19thcentury______thefullextentofthegalaxy’sstructure.A.didscientistsrealizeB.scientistsrealizedC.scientistshadrealizedD.realizedscientists4.TheCEO’sabruptresignationlefttheboardinastateof______.A.turmoilB.stagnationC.serenityD.renaissance5.Theprofessor’slectureonquantumcomputingwasso______thatevenexpertsfounditdemanding.A.pedestrianB.esotericC.mundaneD.accessible6.Thetradeagreementwasratifiedwith______toenvironmentalsafeguards.A.exemptionB.deferenceC.elucidationD.negligence7.Thenovelist’slatestworkisa______portrayalofgenerationaltrauma.A.flippantB.poignantC.superficialD.peripheral8.Theauditordetected______inconsistenciesinthequarterlyreport.A.glaringB.latentC.benignD.marginal9.Theuniversity’sendowmenthas______overthepastdecadethroughprudentinvestment.A.dwindledB.proliferatedC.ossifiedD.stagnated10.Thediplomat’s______toneduringthepressconferencediffusedpotentialhostility.A.conciliatoryB.belligerentC.derisiveD.facetious二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11.Theresearchershadto__________(放弃)theoriginalhypothesisaftertheanomalysurfaced.12.Thecourtruledthatthecompany’snon-competeclausewasoverly__________(苛刻的)andunenforceable.13.Thememoiroffersarare__________(一瞥)intotheauthor’sreclusivechildhood.14.TheIMFwarnedthatprolongedinflationcould__________(侵蚀)purchasingpoweracrosstheregion.15.Thekeynotespeakerarguedthattechnological__________(颠覆)isinevitablebutmanageable.16.Themanuscriptwasrepletewith__________(晦涩的)referencestomedievaljurisprudence.17.TheNGO’sadvocacyeffortshelped__________(放大)marginalizedvoicesinthepolicydebate.18.Theboardresolvedto__________(划拨)tenpercentofsurplusrevenuetosustainabilityprojects.19.Thecriticpraisedthefilm’srefusalto__________(迎合)tocommercialtropes.20.Theepidemiologisturgedcitizenstoremain__________(警惕的)againstnewvariants.三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）21.Theword“mitigate”canbereplacedby“exacerbate”withoutchangingthesentence’smeaninginacademicprose.22.Inthephrase“abarrageofcriticism,”theword“barrage”carriesametaphoricalconnotation.23.Thecollocation“acuteshortage”istypicallyusedtodescribeaslightandtemporarydeficit.24.Theadjective“pervasive”oftenimpliesthatsomethingisbothwidespreadandhardtoeradicate.25.Theverb“garner”canbeusedtransitivelywithoutapreposition,asin“garnerwidespreadsupport.”26.Theexpression“inthewakeof”isinterchangeablewith“priorto”injournalisticwriting.27.Thenoun“predicament”denotesapleasantandeasilysolvablesituation.28.Thephrasalverb“ruleout”meanstoeliminateapossibilityfromconsideration.29.Theword“lucrative”carriesanegativeconnotationimplyingmoralcompromise.30.Thephrase“tantamountto”signalsthattwothingsarevirtuallyequivalentineffect.四、简答题（每题5分，共20分）31.Explainthedifferenceinnuancebetween“refute”and“rebut”inacademicargumentation.32.Describehowtheprefix“quasi-”alterstheepistemologicalstatusofthenounitmodifies,usingtwoexamples.33.Clarifywhythecollocation“blatantinjustice”ismoreforcefulthan“obviousinjustice”inpersuasivediscourse.34.Summarizethemetaphoricallogicbehindtheidiom“movethegoalposts”anditsrhetoricaleffect.五、讨论题（每题5分，共20分）35.Discusstheideologicalimplicationsofchoosing“climateemergency”over“climatechange”inmediaframing.36.Evaluatetheethicaldimensionsofusingtheterm“illegalimmigrant”versus“undocumentedmigrant”inpolicydocuments.37.Assesshowthelexicalshiftfrom“patient”to“healthcareconsumer”reconfigurespowerrelationsinmedicaldiscourse.38.Examinetheroleofeuphemismincorporatecommunications,withreferenceto“downsizing”and“rightsizing.”答案与解析一、单项选择题1.A2.A3.A4.A5.B6.B7.B8.A9.B10.A二、填空题11.abandon12.stringent13.glimpse14.erode15.disruption16.arcane17.amplify18.allocate19.pander20.vigilant三、判断题21.F22.T23.F24.T25.T26.F27.F28.T29.F30.T四、简答题（每题约200字）31.“Refute”impliessuccessfuldemolitionofanopposingclaim,oftenwithconclusiveevidence;“rebut”merelydenotestheformalpresentationofcounterarguments,withoutpresumptionoffinality.Thus,anauthorwho“refutes”atheoryclaimsvictory,whereasonewho“rebuts”invitescontinuedadjudication.32.Theprefix“quasi-”signalsresemblancethatfallsshortoffullontologicalmembership.A“quasi-experiment”retainsexperimentallogicbutlacksrandomassignment,whilea“quasi-judicial”bodyexercisesadjudicativefunctionsyetisnotpartofthejudiciary.Theeffectistoforegroundprovisionalorhybridstatus.33.“Blatant”importsmoraloutragebysuggestingthattheinjusticeisnotonlyvisiblebutflagrantlyflaunted,whereas“obvious”isneutrallydescriptive.Thecollocationthereforeintensifiescondemnationandmobilizesaffectiveengagement.34.Theidiommapsargumentationontosport,accusinganinterlocutorofcovertlyalteringvictoryconditionsafterplayhasbegun.Itthusdelegitimizestheopponent’sstancebyframingitasprocedurallyunfair,rallyingthird-partysympathy.五、讨论题（每题约200字）35.“Climateemergency”activatesanurgencyframethatlegitimizesextraordinaryinterventions,shiftingdiscoursefromgradualistadaptationtoexistentialthreat.Thislexicalescalationcanacceleratepolicymomentumbutrisksnormalizingauthoritarianmeasuresbypresentingcrisisasjustificationforsuspendingdeliberativenorms.36.“Illegalimmigrant”criminalizespresence,anchoringsubjectivityinlaw-and-ordernarratives,whereas“undocumentedmigrant”foregroundsbureaucraticomissionandinviteshumanitarianreframing.Thechoicethusencodesdivergentethicalgrammars:oneofculpability,theotherofprecaritydeservingpro