浙江专升本（英语）模拟试卷9

浙江专升本（英语）模拟试卷9

一、常规阅读（本题共25题，每题7.0分，共25分。）

WhotakescareoftheelderlyintheUnitedStatestoday?Thefactisthatfamilymembers

provideover80%ofthecarethatelderlypeopleneed.Inmostcasestheelderlylivein

theirownhomes.AverysmallpercentageofAmerica'selderlyliveinnursinghomes.

SamuelPreston,asociologistattheUniversityofPennsylvania,studiedhowthe

Americanfamilyischanging.HereportedthatbythetimetheaverageAmericancouple

reachesabout40yearsofage,theirparentsareusuallystillalive.Thestatisticsshowthe

changeinlifestylesandresponsibilitiesofaging（老龄化）Americans.Theaverage

middle-agedcouplecanlookforwardtocaringfbrelderlyparentssometimeaftertheir

ownchildrenhavegrownup.Moreover,becausepeopletodaylivelongerafteranillness

thanpeopledidyearsago,familymembersmustprovidelong-termcare.Thesefactsalso

meanthataftercaregiversprovidecarefortheirelderlyparents,whowilleventuallydie,

theywillbeoldan（imayrequirecaretoo.Whentheydo,theirspouses（酉EH禺）will

probablytakecareofthembecausetheyhavehadfewerchildrenthantheirparentsdid.

BecauseAmericansarelivinglongerthanever,moresocialworkershavebeguntostudy

waysofcaregivingtoimprovethecareoftheelderly.Theyhavefoundthatallcaregivers

shareacommoncharacteristic:Theybelievethattheyarethebestpeoplefbrthejob.The

socialworkershavealsodiscoveredthreebasicreasonswhythecaregiverstakeonthe

responsibilityofcaringforanelderly,dependentrelative.Manycaregiversbelievethey

hadanobligation（职责）tohelptheirrelatives.Somethinkthathelpingothersmakesthem

feelmoreuseful.Othershopethatbyhelpingsomeonenow,theywilldeservecarewhen

theybecomeoldanddependent.

1SamuelPreston'sstudyshowsthat.

A、lifestylesandresponsibilitiesoftheelderlyarenotchanging

B、mostAmericancouplesover40havenolivingparents

C^middle-agedAmericanhavetotakecareoftheirchildrenandparentsatthesame

time

D、elderlypeoplemayneedcareloralongtimebecausetheylivelongerafteranillness

标准答案：D

知识点解析：概括题。眼据第二段第二句theaverageAmericancouplereachesabout

40yearsofage,theirparentsareusuallystillalive.可知B错误；根据Thestatistics

showthechangeinlifestylesandresponsibilitiesofaging（老龄化）Americans.可知A

错误；根据第四句Theavcragcmiddlc-agcdcouplecanlookforwardtocaringfor

elderlyparentssometimeaftertheirownchildrenhavegrownup.可知C错误。故D正

确。

2、Whowillmostprobablytakecareofthemiddle-agedAmericanswhentheyneedcare

themselves?.

A^Theythemselves.

B、Theirclosefriends.

C、Theirchildren.

D、Theirhusbandsorwives.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据第二段最后一句Whentheydo,〔heirspouses（配偶）willprobably

takecareofthembecausetheyhavehadfewerchildrenthantheirparentsdid.可知当美

国现在的中年夫妇需要于理时，一般是配偶照顾他们，因为相较他们的父母，他们

的孩子更少了，因此正确答案是D。

3、Allcaregiversbelievethattheycan.

A、carefortheirelderlyparentsbetterthananyotherpeople

keepclosertotheiroldparentsbythismeaning

C>domuchbetteriftheyhaveajobassocialworkers

D、improvethecareoftheelderlywiththehelpofthesocialworkers

标准答案：A

知识点解析；根据第三段第二句Theyhavefoundthatallcaregiversshareacommon

characteristic：Theybelievethattheyarethebestpeopleforthejob.可知护理长辈的

人都有一个共性，就是认为自己是护理工作的最佳人选。故答案是A。

4、WhichofthefollowingisNOTareasonwhypeoplelookaftertheir

relatives?.

A、Theyfeeltheyareofusetootherpeople

B、Theywanttosetanexampletootherpeople

C、Theythinkitistheirdutytohelptheirrelatives

D、Theyhopetheydeservecarewhentheyneedit

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据第三段护理者愿意对长辈尽职的原因，主要有三个。一，认为帮

助亲人是他们应尽的职责；二，帮助他人使他们觉得自己是一个有用的人；三，他

们认为帮助他人能使自己在年老时得到帮助。故选B。

5、Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?.

A、Mostoldpeoplelivelongertodayafteranillnessthanpeopledidyearsago.

B、Manyoldpeopleareputintonursinghomesbytheirfamilies,whodonotvisitthem

regularly.

C、Mustcldcilypeoplearctakencareofbylliciifamilies,wliuassumethe

responsibilitiesfordifferentreasons.

D、Mostelderlypeoplearesatisfiedwiththebetterwaysofcaregivingthatsocial

workershavecomeupwith.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：主旨题。A在文章中有出现，仅仅是为了提出话题；B和D在文中未

正面提及。故正确答案只能是C。

Therearefewmoresobering（使清醒的）onlineactivitiesthanenteringdataintocollege­

tuitioncalculatorsandgasping（喘气）astheWebspitsbackasix-figuresum.But

economistssayfamiliesabouttogointodebttofundfouryearsofpartying,aswellas

studying,canconsolethemselveswiththeknowledgethatcollegeisaninvestmentthat,

unlikemanybankstocks,shouldyieldhugedividends.A2008studybytwoHarvard

economistsnotesthatthe"labor-marketpremiumtoskill"-ortheamountcollege

graduatesearnedthat'sgreaterthanwhathigh-schoolgraduateearned-decreasedfor

muchofthe20thcentury,buthascomebackwithavengeance（报复性地）sincethe

1980s.In2005,thetypicalfull-timeyear-roundU.S.workerwithafbur-yearcollege

degreeearned$50,900,62%morethanthe$31,500earnedbyaworkerwithonlyahigh­

schooldiploma.There'snoquestionthatgoingtocollegeisasmarteconomicchoice.But

alookatthestrangevariationsintuitionrevealsthatthechoiceaboutwhichcollegeto

attenddoesn'tcomedownmerelytodollarsandcents.DoesgoingtoColumbia

University（tuition,roomandboard（食宿）$49,260in2007-08）yielda40%greaterreturn

thanattendingtheUniversityofColoradoatBoulderasanout-of-statestudent（$35,542）?

Probablynot.Doesbeinganout-of-statestudentattheUniversityofColoradoatBoulder

yieldtwicetheamountofincomeasbeinganin-statestudent（$17.380）there?Notlikely.

No,inthisconsumeristage,mostbuyersaren'tevaluatingcollegeasaninvestment,but

ratherasaconsumerproduct—likeacarorclothesorahouse.Andwithsuchpurchases,

priceisonlyoneofmanycrucialfactorstoconsider.Aswithautomobiles,consumersin

today'scollegemarketplacehavevastchoices,andpeoplesearchfortheonethatgives

themthemostcomfortandsatisfactioninlinewiththeirbudgets.Thisaccountsforthe

willingnessofpeopletopaymorefordifferenttypesofexperiences（suchasattendinga

privateliberal-artscollegeorgoingtoanout-of-statepublicschoolthathasagreat

marine-biologyprogram）.Andjustastwoautopurchasersmightspendanequalamount

ofmoneyonverydifferentcars,collegestudents（or,moreaccurately,theirparents）often

showawillingnesstopayessentiallythesamepriceforvastlydifferentproducts.So

whichisit?Iscollegeaninvestmentproductlikeastockoraconsumerproductlikea

car?Inkeepingwiththeautomotiveworld'shottestconsumertrend,maybeitsbestto

characterizeitasahybrid（混合动力汽车）；anexpensiveconsumerproductthat,over

time,willpayrichdividends（红利）.

6、What'stheopinionofeconomistsaboutgoinglocollege?

A、Hugeamountsofmoneyisbeingwastedoncampussocializing.

B、Itdoesn'tpaytorunintodebttoreceiveacollegeeducation.

C^Collegeeducationisrewardinginspiteofthestartlingcosts.

D、Goingtocollegedoesn'tnecessarilybringtheexpectedreturns.

标准答案：C

知识点3析：第一段先讲人们看到庞大的大学学费的惊讶，然后谈到经济学家对上

大学的观点，上大学就像投资，最终会带来红利。

7、ThetwoHarvardeconomistsnoteintheirstudythat,formuchofthe20thcentury,

purchasesorcellphonebillstofindoutyourshoppingpreferencesorcallinghabits.In

fact,it'slikelysomeofthesethingshavealreadyhappenedtoyou.Whowouldwatchyou

withoutyourpermission?Itmightbeaspouse,agirlfriend,amarketingcompany,a

boss,acoporacriminal.Whoeveritis,theywillseeyouinawayyouneverintendedto

beseen-the21stcenturyequivalentofbeingcaughtnaked.Psychologiststellus

boundariesarehealthy,thatit'simportanttorevealyourselftofriends,familyandlovers

instages,atappropriatetimes.Butfewboundariesremain.Thedigitalbreadcrumbs1碎

屑）youleaveeverywheremakeiteasyforstrangerstoreconstructwhoyouare,where

youareandwhatyoulike.Insomecases,asimpleGooglesearchcanrevealwhatyou

think.Likeitornot,increasinglyweliveinaworldwhereyousimplycannotkeepa

secret.Thekeyquestionis:Doesthatmatter?FormanyAmericans,theanswer

apparentlyis"no."WhenopinionpollsaskAmericansaboutprivacy,mostsaytheyare

concernedaboutlosingit.Asurveyfoundanoverwhelmingpessimismaboutprivacy,

with60percentofrespondentssayingtheyfeeltheirprivacyis''slippingaway,andthat

bothersme."Butpeoplesayonethinganddoanother.OnlyatinyfractionofAmericans

changeanybehaviorsinanefforttopreservetheirprivacy.Fewpeopleturndowna

discountattollbooths（收费站）2avoidusingtheEZ-Passsystemthatcantrack

automobilemovements.Andfewturndownsupermarketloyaltycards.Privacy

economistAlessandroAcauistihasrunaseriesofteststhatrevealpeoplewillsurrender

personalinformationlikeSocialSecuritynumbersjusttogettheirhandsonapitiful50-

cents-offcoupon（优惠卷）.Butprivacydoesmatter——atleastsometimes.It'slikehealth:

Whenyouhaveit,youdon'tnoticeit.Onlywhenit'sgonedoyouwishyou'ddonemore

toprotectit.

11、Whatdoestheauthormeanbysayinguthe21stcenturyequivalentofbeingcaught

naked"（Lines3-4,Para.2）?

A、People'spersonalinformationiseasilyaccessedwithouttheirknowledge.

BNInthe21stcenturypeopletryeverymeanstolookintoothers'secrets.

C^Peopletendtobemorefrankwitheachotherintheinformationage.

D^Criminalsareeasilycaughtonthespotwithadvancedtechnology.

标准答案；A

知识点解析：暂无解析

12、Whatwouldpsychologistsadviseontherelationshipsbetweenfriends?

A、Friendsshouldopentheirheartstoeachother.

B、Friendsshouldalwaysbefaithfultoeachother.

C^Thereshouldbeadistanceevenbetweenfriends.

D、Thereshouldbefewerdisputesbetweenfriends.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

13、Whydoestheauthorsay"weliveinaworldwhereyousimplycannotkeepa

secretH（Line5,Para.3）?

A、Modernsocietyhasfinallyevolvedintoanopensociety.

B、Peopleleavetracesaroundwhenusingmoderntechnology.

C、Therearealwayspeoplewhoarecuriousaboutothers'affairs.

D^Manysearchenginesprofitbyrevealingpeople'sidentities.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

14、WhatdomostAmericansdowithregardtoprivacyprotection?

A、Theychangebehaviorsthatmightdisclosetheiridentity.

B、Theyusevariousloyaltycardsforbusinesstransactions.

C^Theyrelymostandmoreonelectronicdevices.

D、Iheytalkalotbuthardlydoanythingaboutit.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

15、Accordingtothepassage,privacyislikehealthinthat.

A^peoplewillmakeeveryefforttokeepit

B、itsimportanceisrarelyunderstood

C、itissomethingthatcaneasilybelost

D、peopledon'lcherishituntiltheyloseit

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

Educatinggirlsquitepossiblyyieldsahigherrateofreturnthananyotherinvestment

availableinthedevelopingworld.Women'seducationmaybeunusualterritoryfor

economists,butenhancingwomen'scontributiontodevelopmentisactuallyasmuchan

economicasasocialissue.Andeconomics,withitsemphasisonincentives（激励），

providesguidepoststhatpointtoanexplanationforwhysomanygirlsaredeprivedofan

education.Parentsinlow-incomecountriesfailtoinvestintheirdaughtersbecausethey

donotexpectthemtomakeaneconomiccontributiontothefamily:Girlsgrowuponly

tomarryintosomebodyelse'sfamilyandbearchildren.Girlsarethusseenasless

valuablethanboysandarekeptathometodohouseworkwhiletheirbrothersaresentto

school-theprophecy（预言）becomesself-fulfilling,trappingwomeninavicious

circle（恶性循环）ofneglect.Aneducatedmother,ontheotherhand,hasgreaterearning

abilitiesoutsidethehomeandfacesanentirelydifferentsetofchoices.Sheislikelyto

havefewerbuthealthierchildrenandcaninsistonthedevelopmentofallherchildren,

ensuringthatherdaughtersaregivenafairchance.Theeducationofherdaughtersthen

makesitmuchmorelikelythatthenextgenerationofgirls,aswellasofboys,willbe

educatedandhealthy.Theviciouscircleisthustransformedintoavirtuouscircle.Few

willdisputethateducatingwomenhasgreatsocialbenefits.Butithasenormous

economicadvantagesaswell.Mostobviously,thereisthedirecteffectofeducationon

thewagesoffemaleworkers.Wagesriseby10to20percentforeachadditionalyearof

schooling.Suchbigreturnsareimpressivebythestandardofotheravailableinvestments,

buttheyarejustthebeginning.Educatingwomenalsohasasignificantimpactonhealth

practices,includingfamilyplanning.

16、Theauthorarguesthateducatinggirlsindevelopingcountriesis.

A、troublesome

B、labor-saving

C、rewarding

D、expensive

标准答案：C

知识点解析：哲无解析

17、Bysayingtheprophecybecomesself-fulfilling..."(Line4-5,Para.2),the

authormeansthat.

A、girlswillturnouttobelessvaluablethanboys

B>girlswillbecapableofrealizingtheirowndreams

C^girlswilleventuallyfindtheirgoalsinlifebeyondreach

D^girlswillbeincreasinglydiscontentedwiththeirlifeathome

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

18、Theauthorbelievesihataviciouscirclecanturnintoavirtuouscirclewhen.

A、womencaremoreabouteducation

R、girlscangainequalaccesstoeducation

C^afamilyhasfewerbuthealthierchildren

D、parentscanaffordtheirdaughters,education

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据第三段第二句Theeducationofherdaughtersthenmakesitmuch

morelikelythatthenextgenerationofgirls,aswellasofboys,willbeeducatedand

healthy.Theviciouscircleisthustransformedintoavirtuouscircle.可知受过教育的

女子更可能培养出有家教而且健康的子女，故选B,

19、Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutwomen'seducation?

A^Itdeservesgreaterattentionthanothersocialissues.

B、Itisnowgiventoppriorityinmanydevelopingcountries.

C、Itwillyieldgreaterreturnsthanotherknowninvestments.

D^Ithasarousedtheinterestofagrowingnumberofeconomists.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：根据第四段倒数第二句Suchbigreturnsareimpressivebythestandard

orotheravailableinvestments,buttheyarejustthebeginning.可知受过教育的女子可

带来巨大的经济贡献。这种巨大的经济贡献相对其他投资行业而言，也是非常巨大

的。故正确答案是C,即女子受教育带来的经济效益还仅仅是个开端，以后的收益

会更大。

20、Whatdoesthepassageconcernabout?

A、Unequaltreatmentofboysandgirlsindevelopingcountries.

Thepotentialearningpowerofwelleducatedwomen.

C、Themajorcontributionsofeducatedwomentosociety.

D、Theeconomicandsocialbenefitsofeducatingwomen.

标准答案：D-

知识点解析：主旨题。这篇文章主要关注的是“女子的教育问题”，故排除A。至于

B和C在文章中都有提及，但D作为B和C的结合体更为全面，故选项D是正确

答案。

Dolphinshavethepowertomakepeoplefeelbetterjustbytheirpresence,accordingtoa

leadingmarinebiologist."Icannotexplainitinscientifictermsbut,withoutanydoubt,

everyonewhoseestheminthewildisliftedbythem/*JonathanGordon,ofOxford

Universityzoologydepartment,said."Youonlyeverseetheminthewildiftheywant

youtoseethem.Theyaretheonlywildanimalsthatcometoamanoftheirownfreewill

andthatmakeyoufeelprivileged.Yougetabuzzbecausetheyarejoyful,andyoucan

provescientificallythattheyspendalotoftheirlifeplaying."ProfessorGordonworks

fortheInternationalFundforAnimalWelfareandspendsmonthsontheorganization's

researchboat."Ifthingsaren'tgoingwellontheboatandyouaredepressed,thesightof

dolphinsliftsyouandmakesyoufeelbetteratonce.Theycannotbedoingthison

purpose,butIcanbelievethatpeoplewhoareintenselydepressedorsufferingfromsome

kindofmentalblockagecouldbeeasedbyswimmingamongthem."Icannotgoalong

withthosewhoclaimtheyhavemagicalpowers,buteventhoughIamscientifically

hardheadedIhavetoadmittheysomehowmakeyoufeelgood.nThatviewissharedby

theauthorsofBeyondtheBlue,abookonthehealingpowerofdolphins.Theauthorssay

thatwhenthemindiscalmittriggersthereleaseofachemicalalsofoundintheanti­

depressantdrugValium.JennySheridan,oftheRoyalCollegeofSpeechandLanguage

Therapist,said,"Swimmingwithdolphinswillnotrepairanybraindamage.Butif

childrenaresufferingfromlackofconfidence,itmighthelp."MarkSimmondsofthe

WhaleandDolphinConservationSociety,said."Theinteractionofdolphinswithsick

childrencanbeinstrumentalinrecovery.Noonecanexplainwhy.Butthebehaviorof

thesebeautifulanimalsinducesaweandpleasureinchildren."

21、Accordingtothepassage,whatistheinfluenceofdolphins'presenceonpeople?

标准答案：Itcanmakepeoplefeelbetter.

知识点解析:根据第一段第一句Dolphinshavethepowertomakcpcoplcfeelbetter

justbytheirpresence,可知跟海豚在一起能使人感觉更好点。

22、Whatisafeatureofdolphinmentionedbythispassage?

标准答案：Theycometoamanoftheirownfreewill.

知识点解析：根据第三段第二句Theyaretheonlywildanimalsthatcometoamanof

theirownfreewillandthatmakeyoufeelprivileged.可知海豚是唯---种按照自我

意愿来到人们身边的动物。

23、WhatdoesProfessorGordonsuggestpeoplewhoareintenselydepressedor

sufferingfromsomemen:alblockagedo?

标准答案：Toswimamongdolphins.

知识点解析：根据第四段倒数第二行Icanbelievethatpeoplewhoareintensely

depressedorsufferingfrom80mekindofmentalblockagecouldbeeasedby

swimmingamongthem.可知通过跟海豚一起游泳，那些内心非常压抑或者忍受某

种精神障碍的人可减轻自己的症状。

24Whatisanexplanationofthedolphins,influenceonpeopleofferedbytheauthors

ofthebookBeyondtheBlue?

标准答案：Dolphinscausethemindtoreleaseaanti-depressantchemical.

知识点解析：根据第六段第二句Theauthorssaythatwhenthemindiscalmittriggers

thereleaseofachemicalalsofoundintheantidepressantdrugValium.可知在大脑冷

静时，大脑会释放一种叱学物质。这种物质可在抗抑郁的药物里发现。

25、JennySheridanbelievedthatswimmingwithdolphinswouldnotrepairanybrain

damage,butitmighthelp.

标准答案：Childrenaresufferingfromlackofconfidence

知识点解析：根据倒数第二段最后一句Butifchildrenaresufferingfromlackof

confidence,itmighthelp.可得出正确答案。

二、阅读填空（本题共15题，每题1.0分，共75分。）

ThemainproblemindiscussingAmericanpopularcultureisalsooneofitsmain

characteristics:itwon'tstayAmerican.Nomatterwhatitis,whetheritisfilms,foodand

fashion,music,casualsportsorslang,it'ssoonathomeelsewhereintheworld.Thereare

severaltheorieswhyAmericanpopularculturehashadthisappeal.Onetheoryisthatis

hasbeen"advertised"andmarketedthroughAmericanfilms,popularmusic,andmore

recently,television.[RI]Theyare,afterall,incompetitionwiththoseproduced

byothercountries.Anothertheory,probablyamorecommonone,isthatAmerican

popularcultureisinternationallyassociatedwithsomethingcalled"thespiritof

America.”[R2].Thefinaltheoryislesscomplex;Americanpopularcultureis

popularbecausealotofpeopleintheworldlikeit.Regardlessofwhyitsspreads,

Americanpopularcultureisusuallyquiterapidlyadoptedandthenadaptedinmanyother

countries.[R3]BlackleatherjacketswornbymanyheroesinAmericanmovies

couldbefound,agenerationlater,onallthoseyoungmenwhowantedtomakethis

manly-looktheirown.Twoareaswherethiscontinuingprocessismostclearlyseenarc

clothingandmusic.SomepeoplecanstillrememberatimewhenT-shirts,jogging

clothes,tennisshoes,denim（劳动布）jackets,andbluejeanswerenotcommondailywear

everywhere.Onlytwentyyearsago,itwaspossibletospotanAmericaninParisbyhisor

herclothes.Nolongerso:thosebrightcolors,checkered（方格的）jacketsandtrousers,

hatsandsockswhichwereoncemadefunincartoonsarebackagaininParisasthelatest

fashion.[R4]ThesituationwithAmericanpopularmusicismorecomplex

becauseinthebeginning,whenitwasstillclearlyAmerican,itwasoftenstrongly

resisted.Jazzwasoncethoughttobeagreatdangertoyouthandtheirmorals,andwas

actuallyoutlawedinseveralcountries.Today,whilestillshowingitsratherAmerican

roots,ithasbecomesowellestablished.Rock"n"rollandallitsvariations,country

&wcstcrnmusic,allhavemoreorlesssimilarhistories.Theywerefirstresisted,asbeing

"low-class,"andthenas"adangertoournation'syouth."[R5]Andthenthe

musicbecameacceptedandwasextendedandwasextendedanddeveloped,andexported

backtotheU.S.A.Asaresult,itsAmericanoriginsandrootsarcoftenquickly

forgotten.nhappybirthdaytoyou,"forinstance,issuchaneverydaysongthatitssource,

itsAmericancopyright,sotospeak,isnotremembered.B.Butthistheoryfailstoexplain

whyAmericanfilms,music,andtelevision,programsaresopopularinthemselves.C.

Americaninorigin,informalclothinghasbecometheworld'sfirsttrulyuniversalstyle.

D.TheBBC,forexample,bannedrockandrolluntil1962.E.Americanfoodhasbecome

populararoundtheworldtoo.F.Thisspiritisvariouslydescribedasbeingyoungand

free,optimisticandconfident,informalanddisrespectful.G.Itishardlysurprisingthat

thepublicconcerncontributesalottothespreadoftheirculture.

26、[RI]

标准答案：B

知识点解析：关键词thistheory。上一句说“一个理论是……”，而这个空说“这个理

论...“，意思连贯。而下文中的They有是指代B选项中的Americanfilms,

music,andtelevision,programso所以B符合逻辑。

27、[R2]

标准答案：F

知识点解析：上文提到了thespiritofAmerica,这里阐述这个美国精神指的是什

么。

28、[R3]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：上文提到美国文化迅速在别国传播，而此空说这种迅速传播带来的结

果，因果关系。

29、[R4]

标准答案：C

知识点露析：本段的中心是美国的服装在全世界流行，C符合本段中心。

30、[R5]

标准答案：D

知识点解析：上文说摇滚乐不被接受，这里举例说不被BBC接受，语义连贯。

Thefestivebreakisfastbecomingadistantmemoryandformany,andNewYearfitness

regimes（养生法）aretoo.Despite2.6mpeoplestartingdietsonNewYear'sDay,research

suggeststhatbytheendoftheweek92percentofdietersgaveup,[R6]exercise

andgorgingoncomfortfood.Findings[R7]byweightlossfirmXLS-Medical,

suggestthatthe【R8】majorityareunsuccessfulatstickingtotheirdietsformore

thanfivedaysaweek.Twooutof10dieters[R9]theyhavetheirfirstdiet

relapse（退步）justfourtofivedaysin,withhungercitedasthemaincause.Boredomand

alcoholwere[RIO]blamedforpeoplefailingtokeeptheirhealthkickontrack.

Dr.MattCapehorn,ClinicalDirectoroftheNationalObesityForum,[RI1]that

justonedayofffromdietingcanundoaweek'sworthofhardwork.HetoldFemale

First;"Ahealthydiet,aimedatlosing1lb（磅）perweek,reliesonsaving3500caloriesa

weekbyhaving500calorieslesseachday.""Adayoffthedietshouldmeanthatyoueat

thecorrectamount,butmanydietersseeitasanexcusetobinge（大吃大喝）andhave

thousandsofcaloriesmorethantheyneed.Theresultssuggestthata[RI2]

590,000couldalreadyhave[R13]tosticktoNewYeardietresolutions.

Andavastmajorityareunawareofthenegativeimpactasingledayoffcanhaveontheir

weightlossefforts.Yet[R14]itwasfoundonly5percentofwomenstickto

theirdietsuntilthey've[R15]theirtargetweight.A.massiveB.reachedC.

highlightedD.blamedE.shunningF.stillG.releasedH.lostI.alsoJ.admittedK.treated

L.dietedM.overallN.vastO.failed

31、[R6]

标准答案：E

知识点解析：exercise后是and,而and前后应为并列结构（又称平行结构），因为

and后为gorgingoncomfortfood,因此应填入现在分词。备选项中只有shunning是

现在分词，因此答案很明确。语义判断：shun：（故意或习惯地）避免；回避，躲

开。从语义上判断也是正确的。

32、[R7]

标准答案：G

知识点解析：此处应为定语来修饰findings,后为by,而过去分词既表示被动又可

用作后置定语，所以此处应填入过去分词。备选的过去分词或过去式有reached、

highlighted、blamed、releasedlost、admitted>treateddietedsfailed,但从上下

文语义判断，意思应为：由减重中心XLS医院发布的调查或研究结果，所以应选

择releasedo

33、[R8]

标准答案：N

知识点解析：空格前的the是冠词，空格后的majority是名词，因此应当填入定

语。符合语法条件的词有很多:massive>reached>highlightedblamed、lost、

admitted>treateddieted>overall>vast、failed,而avastmajority是个近乎固定的

搭配，意为“大多数”，而且后文有复现，故本题选N。

34、[R9]

标准答案：J

知识点解析：此句缺谓语，后接一个省略了that的宾语从句。可作谓语的选项有

reachedhighlighted%blamed>lost、admitted>treateddieted>failed,根据文章,

可知只有admitted符合。该句意为：五分之一的节食减肥者承认自己在第四五天的

时候就坚持不住了。

35、[R10]

标准答案：I

知识点解析：此句主、谓、宾都不缺，而空格出现在were和blamed之问，所以应

为状语，因而应填入副词。备选的副词有still、also和overall,上文提到了饥饿是

人们放弃减肥的原因之一。而此处提到单调乏味和酒精的刺激也是让人们放弃减肥

的原因，因而从语义上判断，只有also符合上下文意。

36、[R11]

标准答案：C

知识点解析：此句缺谓语，应填入动词，其后接宾语从句。备选的动词有

reachedhighlighted>blamed、lost、treated>dieted>failed,但从上下文语义判

断，此处意思应为：国家肥胖论坛医疗主任马特・凯普霍恩博士强调说，仅仅一天

不坚持节食就会毁掉一周的努力。highlighted符合此处语法和语义的要求。

37、[R12]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：在590,000前面应该是形容词。备选的形容词还有massive和

overall,从上下文语义判断massive应为正确选择。

38、[R13]

标准答案：0

知识点解析：couldalreadyhave后应为过去分词。备选的过去分词有reached、

blamed>lost%treatedsdieted>failedo从上下文语义判断,此处的意思应为:调查

结果显示，有多达59万人可能已经放弃了新年减肥计划。因而failed是语法判断

和语义判断后的最佳选择。

39、[R14]

标准答案：M

知识点解析：此句主、谓、宾完整，应填入副词。备选的副词还有still和。vcrall。

overall意为“总体上，总的来说”，符合此处的语法和语义要求。

40、[R15]

标准答案：B

知识点解析：空格前面是ihey'e,故后面应接过去分词。空格后为largel

weight（目标体重），故按照语义和固定的搭配来进行判断，应为reached,即“达到

目标体重”。

三、完型填空（本题共20题，每题7.0分，共20分。）

Whenitcomestoeatingsmartforyourheart,thinkingaboutshort-termfixesand

simplifylifewithastraightforwardapproachthatwillserveyouwellforyearstocome.

Smarteatinggoesbeyondanalyzingeverybileyoulift[Cl]yourmouih."In

thepastweusedtobelievethat[C2]amountsofindividualnutrients（营养

物）werethe[C3]togoodhealth,'*LindaVanHorn,chairoftheAmericanHeart

AssociatioiVsNutritionCommittee.'*Butnowwehavea[C4]understandingof

healthyeatingandthekindsoffoodnecessaryto[C5]notonlyheartdiseasebut

disease[C6]general,Hsheadds.Scientistsnow[C7]onthebroader

pictureofthebalanceoffoodeaten[C8]severaldaysoraweek[C9]

thanonthenumberofmilligrams（毫克）ofthisorthat[CIO]ateach

meal.Fruits,vegetablesandwholegrains,forexample,providenutrientsandplant-based

compounds[Cl1]forgoodhealth."Themorewelearn,themore[C12]

wearebythewealthofessentialsubstancesthey[C13]VanHorn

continues,"andhowthey[C14]witheachothertokeepushealthy.nYou'll

automaticallybe[C15]therightheart-healthytrackifvegetables,fruitsand

wholegrainsmake[C16]threequartersofthefoodonyourdinnerplate.

[C17]intheremainingonequarterwithleanmeatorchicken,fishoreggs.The

foodsyouchoosetoeataswellasthoseyouchooseto[CI8]clearlycontribute

toyourwell-being.Withouta[C19],eachofthesmalldecisionsyoumakein

thisrealmcanmakeabig[C20]onyourhealthintheyearstocome.

41、[Cl]

A^between