五年级上册期末语文试卷及答案

五年级上册期末语文试卷及答案一、基础知识与积累运用（共30分）1.看拼音，写词语。要求书写工整、美观。（10分）jùnqiàofēnfùdīngzhǔlǎnduòjǔsàng()()()()()bōzhǐlǐngyùxiēlìdiǎnlǐmǔqīn()()()()()2.下列加点字的注音完全正确的一项是（）。（3分）A.便（pián）宜削（xuē）弱强（qiǎng）迫投奔（bèn）B.间（jiàn）隔任（rèn）性纠（jiū）正拮据（jù）C.剖（pōu）开嘲（cháo）笑虽（suī）然脊（jǐ）梁D.妨（fáng）碍哲（zhé）理垂（chuí）柳恩赐（cì）3.下列词语中没有错别字的一组是（）。（3分）A.完壁归赵负荆请罪理直气壮攻无不克B.同心协力难以置信理所当然完好无损C.绝口不提无价之宝不动声色千钧一发D.举世闻名众星拱月诗情画意兴高彩烈4.按要求完成句子练习。（8分）(1)蔺相如对秦王说：“您现在离我只有五步远，您不答应，我就把您和玉同归于尽。”（改为转述句）_______________________________________________________________(2)我不敢轻易地放过这道题。（改为反问句）_______________________________________________________________(3)太阳虽然离我们很远很远，但是它和我们的关系非常密切。（用加点的关联词造句）_______________________________________________________________(4)病句修改：在老师的帮助下，改正了错误。_______________________________________________________________5.课文内容回顾与积累。（6分）(1)《落花生》一课中，父亲用花生来比喻做人，告诉我们要做__________的人，不要做__________、__________的人。(2)垂缕饮清露，__________。__________，非是藉秋风。（虞世南《蝉》）(3)红军长征途中翻越了五岭，毛泽东在《七律·长征》中用“__________，__________”来形容山势起伏、绵延不断。(4)《少年中国说》（节选）中，作者用“__________，__________”来赞美少年中国的灿烂前程。二、阅读理解（共40分）（一）课内阅读。（15分）圆明园中，有金碧辉煌的殿堂，也有玲珑剔透的亭台楼阁；有象征着热闹街市的“买卖街”，也有象征着田园风光的山乡村野。园中许多景物都是仿照各地名胜建造的，如海宁的安澜园、苏州的狮子林、杭州西湖的平湖秋月；还有很多景物是根据古代文人的诗情画意建造的，如蓬岛瑶台、武陵春色。园中不仅有民族建筑，还有西洋景观。漫步园内，有如漫游在天南海北，饱览着中外风景名胜；流连其间，仿佛置身在幻想的境界里。圆明园不但建筑宏伟，还收藏着最珍贵的历史文物：上自先秦时代的青铜礼器，下至唐、宋、元、明、清历代的名人书画和各种奇珍异宝。所以，它又是当时世界上最大的博物馆、艺术馆。1860年10月6日，英法联军侵入北京，闯进圆明园。他们把园内凡是能拿走的东西，统统掠走；拿不动的，就用大车或牲口搬运；实在运不走的，就任意破坏、毁掉。为了销毁罪证，10月18日和19日，三千多名侵略者奉命在园内放火。大火连烧三天，烟云笼罩了整个北京城。我国这一园林艺术的瑰宝、建筑艺术的精华，就这样化为一片灰烬。1.第一自然段中，作者用了哪两类具体的例子来说明圆明园中的景物？（4分）_______________________________________________________________2.文中画线的句子“漫步园内，有如漫游在天南海北，饱览着中外风景名胜；流连其间，仿佛置身在幻想的境界里。”这句话在文中起到了什么作用？（3分）_______________________________________________________________3.从第二自然段中找出圆明园收藏文物的特点，用两个四字词语概括。（4分）__________、__________4.结合选文内容，谈谈你对“圆明园的毁灭是中国文化史上不可估量的损失，也是世界文化史上不可估量的损失”这句话的理解。（4分）_______________________________________________________________（二）课外阅读。（25分）①那是一个风雪交加的夜晚，北风像发了疯的野兽，呼啸着撞击着破旧的窗户。屋内，炉火微弱，母子俩正围坐在桌前，借着昏暗的灯光补着渔网。②母亲是个瞎子，眼睛是小时候生眼病瞎的。她看不见东西，但手很巧，补网的速度一点也不比正常人慢。儿子叫海子，今年十岁，因为家里穷，早就辍学在家帮母亲干活了。③“海子，冷吗？”母亲停下手中的活，摸索着问。④“不冷，妈。”海子咬着牙，把冻得发红的小手在衣服上蹭了蹭，继续穿针引线。⑤其实，海子冷极了。屋内的温度和屋外几乎一样低，单薄的衣服根本挡不住寒风的侵袭。但他不想让母亲担心，母亲看不见，心里的苦比身上的冷更难受。⑥突然，一阵急促的敲门声响起。海子放下手中的网，跑去开门。门一开，一股寒风裹着雪花扑面而来，海子打了个寒颤。门口站着一个浑身是雪的人，看不清面容，只看见一双焦急的眼睛。⑦“请问，这是李大娘的家吗？”那人抖抖身上的雪，问道。⑧“是啊，你是谁？”海子警惕地问。⑨“我是你爹船上的伙计，你爹的船在海上遇险了，我是来报信的！”那人声音颤抖着说。⑩母亲听到这话，手中的网“啪”的一声掉在地上，身子一软，瘫坐在椅子上。海子也吓呆了，站在那里一动不动。⑪“你爹没事，只是船坏了，现在被困在一个小岛上，急需送钱过去修船，不然……不然就回不来了！”伙计接着说。⑫“快，快进屋暖和暖和。”母亲回过神来，摸索着拉住伙计的手。⑬伙计进屋后，从怀里掏出一封信，说是海子爹写的。母亲颤抖着让海子念。信上果然写着遇险的事，还写着急需五百块钱修船。⑭五百块！对于这个家徒四壁的家庭来说，无疑是个天文数字。母亲沉默了，屋内静得只能听见炉火毕剥毕剥的声音。⑮“大娘，您看这……”伙计催促道。⑯母亲站起身，摸索着走到墙角的破木箱前，打开箱子，取出一个层层包裹的布包。那是她积攒了多年的养老钱，也是家里唯一的积蓄。⑰“这是三百块，是我攒了多年的。剩下的……剩下的我去借！”母亲坚定地说。⑱伙计接过钱，连声道谢，并留下了一个地址，说钱送到后，海子爹就能回来了。⑲伙计走后，母亲带着海子顶着风雪，一家一家地去借钱。村里的乡亲们都知道他们家穷，能借的都借了，好不容易凑齐了二百块。母亲把钱交给伙计派来的人，心里像压了一块大石头。⑳此后的每一天，母亲都坐在门口，望着海的方向，盼着丈夫归来。海子也变得更加懂事了，拼命地帮母亲干活。21半个月后，一个噩耗传来：海子爹的船确实遇险了，但那个伙计是个骗子，他拿着钱跑了，海子爹早在遇险的第二天就冻死在了岛上。22听到这个消息，母亲没有哭，也没有闹。她只是静静地坐在门口，望着远方，坐了一整天。23第二天，母亲做了一个惊人的决定。她拿出家里仅剩的一点米，蒸了一锅米饭，然后带着海子来到了村口的寡妇家。24那个寡妇家也很穷，男人死了，一个人带着两个孩子过活。母亲把米饭倒进寡妇家的锅里，对寡妇说：“他婶，我男人不在了，我眼睛又看不见，以后海子要是调皮，你就打他，别客气。这点米你先拿着。”25寡妇惊讶地看着母亲，不知所措。26母亲接着说：“那个骗子虽然骗了我们的钱，但他让我明白了，人这辈子，钱没了可以再挣，人没了就真的没了。我男人回不来了，但日子还得过。我眼睛瞎，心不能瞎。”27说完，母亲拉着海子的手，转身走进了风雪中。海子回头看了一眼，只见寡妇站在门口，早已泪流满面。28那年冬天特别冷，但海子觉得，母亲的手特别暖和。1.请给短文加一个恰当的标题，写在文前的横线上。（2分）2.联系上下文，解释第⑤段中加点词语“家徒四壁”的意思。（3分）家徒四壁：_____________________________________________________3.短文第①段的环境描写有什么作用？（4分）_______________________________________________________________4.读第⑭段“五百块！对于这个家徒四壁的家庭来说，无疑是个天文数字。”这句话，说说你对“天文数字”的理解，并体会这句话表达了人物怎样的心情。（4分）_______________________________________________________________5.文中有多处描写母亲的细节，请找出两处描写母亲动作的句子，用“____”画出来，并选择一处简要分析母亲当时的心理活动。（4分）_______________________________________________________________6.第26段母亲说：“那个骗子虽然骗了我们的钱，但他让我明白了，人这辈子，钱没了可以再挣，人没了就真的没了。我眼睛瞎，心不能瞎。”你是怎样理解这句话的？（4分）_______________________________________________________________7.文章结尾写道：“那年冬天特别冷，但海子觉得，母亲的手特别暖和。”这样写有什么好处？（4分）_______________________________________________________________三、习作（共30分）题目：那一刻，我长大了提示：在成长的历程中，总有一些瞬间，让我们突然觉得自己长大了。也许是一次独自回家的经历，也许是一次帮父母做家务的体验，也许是一次克服困难的尝试，也许是一次误解后的和解……请围绕“长大了”这个主题，写一件自己亲身经历的事。要求：1.内容具体，感情真挚，语句通顺，条理清晰。2.书写工整，不写错别字，正确使用标点符号。3.字数不少于450字。4.文中不得出现真实的人名、校名。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________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