新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程B3U5 Section B

Unit5China’sspacedreamSeektobenefitthecountryratherthanpersonalwealthandposition.—TheBookofRites

苟利国家，不求富贵。——《礼记》读写教程3SectionBReadingskillsDetailedstudyofthetextReading

comprehensionCollocation新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Section

BIdentifyingthesequenceofeventsThesequenceofeventsistheorderinwhicheventshappenorshouldhappen.Identifyingthesequenceofeventsisanessentialreadingskillthatyoushoulddevelopifyouaretofullyunderstandthereadingmaterial.Itusuallyinvolvesidentifyingtimeexpressionsusedtoconnectthevariouspartsofthetext.Thefollowingaresomeofthemostcommonlyusedtimeexpressions.•Timeanddatemarkers:attwoo’clockintheafternoon;inthe

20thcentury;by/in1999;inthe1990s;onJuly7,1999新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3ReadingskillsSection

BIdentifyingthesequenceofevents•Othertimeorderorsequencesignalwords:first,before,during,then,when,while,soon,followingthat,after,now,earlier,since,intheend,finally,lastYoucanuseatimeline,whichisadisplayofalistofevents,usuallywithdates,inchronologicalorder,tohelpyouidentifythesequenceofeventsandhaveabettercomprehensionofthetext.Itisespeciallyusefulforyoutobetterunderstandtheorderor新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3ReadingskillsSection

BIdentifyingthesequenceofeventschronologyofhistoricaleventsandtrendsforasubject.Timelinescancomeinawidevarietyofforms,includingvertical,horizontal,andillustrated.Sometimesthemostrecentorimportanteventsarerecountedatthebeginningofthenarrativetoemphasizethemainideaofthetextortoattractthereader’sattention.Whenmakingatimeline,youshouldreorderthesequenceoftheeventsandputthemintherightplaces.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3ReadingskillsSection

BIdentifyingthesequenceofeventsTakeParas.1-4ofTextA,forexample.Thesequenceofeventscanbeillustratedinatimelineasbelow.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3ReadingskillsSection

BIdentifyingthesequenceofevents新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3ReadingskillsItwasbackin1992thatChinaapprovedablueprintforhermannedspaceprogram…(Para.2)OnOctober15,2003,YangLiweibecamethefirstChinesepersontogointospaceintheShenzhou-5mannedmission…(Para.3)In1998,theybecamethefoundingmembersofthePLAAstronautGroup.(Para.2)Duringhis600,000kmexpedition,YangsimultaneouslydisplayedtheChineseandUNflags…(Para.3)Section

BIdentifyingthesequenceofevents新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3ReadingskillsSinceYang’smomentousjourney,Chinahasmadeagiganticprogressinspaceexploration…(Para.4)China’sspaceexplorationhadreachedanewmilestoneby2021,whenthreeastronautsoftheShenzhou-12crewsuccessfullydockedattheTiangongspacestation…(Para.1)Section

BIdentifyingthesequenceofeventsThetextbeginswiththelatestevent,identifiedbythetimemarkerby2021.Itisthusputlastinthetimeline.Then,thetextcontinueswitheventsbackin1992,in1998,andonOctober15,2003inParas.2and3.StillinPara.3,thewordduringservesasatimemarkerandindicatesthattheeventintroducednexthappenedinthetimeperiod.ThesignalwordsinceinPara.4introduceswhathappenedafterward.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3ReadingskillsSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Readingskills1ReadTextBandidentifythesequenceofeventsdisplayedinthetext.MakeatimelineofChina’sscientificendeavorsinlunarexploration.

Sincethe1990s,Chinesescientistsandengineershaveendeavoredtomakethedreamofflyingtothemoonareality.(Para.6)In2000Chinaannouncedthatitsspaceplanningagendacontainedpreparatoryresearchaboutlunarexploration.(Para.6)SectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Readingskills1ReadTextBandidentifythesequenceofeventsdisplayedinthetext.MakeatimelineofChina’sscientificendeavorsinlunarexploration.

Chinaofficiallybeganthelunarexplorationprogramin2004.(Para.6)In2007ChinaverifieditslunarprobetechnologieswiththesuccessfullaunchofChang’e-1.(Para.7)In2013Chang’e-3accomplishedChina’sfirstsoftlandingonthemoon.(Para.7)SectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Readingskills1ReadTextBandidentifythesequenceofeventsdisplayedinthetext.MakeatimelineofChina’sscientificendeavorsinlunarexploration.

AfterChang’e-3’saccomplishment,ChinesespaceexpertsaimedhightomaketheChang’e-4missionmoreinnovativeandchallenging.(Para.8)Chinalaunchedarelaysatellite,namedQueqiao,tosetupacommunicationlinkbetweentheearthandthemoon’sfarside.(Para.8)SectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Readingskills1ReadTextBandidentifythesequenceofeventsdisplayedinthetext.MakeatimelineofChina’sscientificendeavorsinlunarexploration.

Chang’e-4waslaunchedandsoft-landedonthemoon’sfarside.(Para.1)NowChinaisdrawingupplanstoexplorethemoon’spolarregionsandinvitingothercountriestojoininfurtherexpeditions.(Para.9)SectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Readingskills1ReadTextBandidentifythesequenceofeventsdisplayedinthetext.MakeatimelineofChina’sscientificendeavorsinlunarexploration.

Intheforeseeablefuture,theChinesewillleavetheirfootprintsonthesurfaceofthemoon.(Para.11)SectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程31Nowindblowsandnorainfallsthere.Onlycrashingmeteoritesoccasionallydisruptthestillness.Thedesolatelandscapeonthemoon’sfarsidehaswaitedbillionsofyearstoseethefirst-ever

softlandingofavisitorfromtheearth–Chang’e-4fromChina.Chang’e-4

kickedoffanewspaceodysseyDetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程32Asthenearestheavenlybody,themoonhasfascinatedhumankindsincewefirstgazedatthesky.Thesilverdiscintheskyisalwaysacaptivatingthemeinourlegends,myths,anddreams.Itsever-changingfacehasinspiredambitiousaspirations.Weadmireitsbeautyfromtheearth,sowhyarewesoeagertoreachthemoon?It’sanidealplacetopeerintothedeepreachesoftheuniverse.Itinspiresourimaginationsanddreamsofspacetravel.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程33

Themoonandtheearthshareasimilar“childhood”,yettracesoftheremotepastonearthhavebeenerasedbygeologicalactivities.Explorationofthemoonmightprovidesomeinsightsintotheearlyhistoryoftheearth.Butduetothetidallockingeffect,weonlygettoseeonesideofthemoonfromtheearth,andthefarsideremainsamystery.It’salsocalledthedarkside,althoughit’snotdarkerthanthenearside.Theworddarkonlyshowshowwefeelabouttheunknown.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程34Nobodyhadeverseenthemoon’sfarsidebeforetheSovietUnionlaunchedtheLuna3probein1959.Itwasthefirst-evermissiontophotographthefarside.TheUnitedStatesApollo8missionsentthreeastronautsaroundthemoonin1968,thefirsttimehumanssawthemoon’sfarsidewiththeirowneyes.NowChinasentthefirst-everprobetosoft-landandroveonthefarside,whichhasdeepenedourunderstandingofthemoon,theearth,andtheuniverse.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程35Betweenthe1950sand1970s,theUnitedStatesandtheSovietUnionracedagainsteachotherinearlylunarexploration.Afteralull,newinterestwastriggeredinthe1990swhenscientistsfoundtheremightbewateronthemoon.Sincetheturnofthemillennium,morecountriessuchasChina,Japan,andIndiahavejoinedthelunarexplorationclub.Todate,theworldhaslaunchedover100mannedorunmannedmissionstothemoon.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程36FlyingtothemoonhasbeenadreamoftheChinesesinceancienttimes.ThemoonhaslongbeenamajorthemeinChinesepoems,music,andpaintings,withartistsandwritersusingthemoontoexpresstheiremotionsandthoughtsabouttheuniverse.Sincethe1990s,Chinesescientistsandengineershaveendeavoredtomakethedreamareality.Chinaannouncedin2000thatitsspaceplanningagendacontainedpreparatory

researchaboutlunarexploration.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Itofficiallybeganthelunarexplorationprogramin2004,withtheaimoforbitingandlandingonthemoon,andbringingsamplesbacktotheearth.TheprogramwasnamedafterthemoongoddessChang’e,who,inChinesemythology,livedonthemoonandwasaccompaniedbytheJadeRabbit.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程37AlthoughChinaisalatecomerinlunarexploration,itsprogramhasmademanyachievementsinafewexpeditions.Thecountryverifieditslunarprobetechnologiesin2007withthesuccessfullaunchofChang’e-1,thefirstspacecraftstemmingfromtheprogram.In2013Chang’e-3accomplishedChina’sfirstsoftlandingonthemoon,whichwasthefirstman-madecrafttoachievethisgoalinnearlyfourdecades.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程38

AfterChang’e-3’saccomplishment,ChinesespaceexpertsaimedhightomaketheChang’e-4missionmoreinnovativeandchallenging:torealizethefirst-eversoftlandingonthefarsideofthemoon.Inordertoachievethatgoal,Chinalaunchedarelaysatellite,namedQueqiao(MagpieBridge)afteranancientlegend,tosetupacommunicationlinkbetweentheearthandthemoon’sfarside.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Chinesespaceexpertsalsoovercamedifficultieswiththerugged

terrainonthefarside,makingtheprobelandonthemoonwithhighprecision.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程39TheChang’e-4missioncarriedinstrumentsthathadbeendevelopedbyscientistsfromSweden,Germany,theNetherlands,andSaudiArabia,providingmoreopportunitiesfortheworld’sscientistsandcombininghumanwisdomtoexploretheuniverse.NowChinaisdrawingupplanstoexplorethemoon’spolarregionsandinvitingothercountriestojoininfurtherexpeditions.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3“Ithinkoneofthebeautiesofspacescienceisthatwedocooperateinternationally.Spacesciencetomeissomethingimportant,alsoasamessageofpeaceworldwide,”saidaGermanprofessorintheprogram.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程310Theprobetooksomelivespecieslikecottonandpotatotothelifelessenvironmenttoformaminibiosphere,whichisexpectedtoproducethefirstfloweronthemoon.Engineersalsoplantogetdatabyconstantlymeasuringtemperaturesonthesurfaceofthemoon.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程311Fromrobotictomannedmissions,fromshort-tolong-term,China’slunarexplorationwillgodeeper.TheChinesewillleavetheirfootprintsonthesurfaceofthemoonintheforeseeablefuture.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程312Exploringthemoonhasinspiredscientistsandengineers,fascinatedyoungandold,andmotivatedyoungpeopletopursuescientificcareers,notonlyinspacebutalsointhedepthsoftheoceanorinthenucleusofanatom.Reachingthemoon,thefirstoutpostindeepspace,isjustthebeginningofourspaceodyssey.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

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kicksth.off:startadiscussion,ameeting,anevent,etc.开始

进行讨论（或会议、项目等）TheprobehasalreadysentbackitsfirstimagefromMars,kickingofftwoyearsofscientificresearch.该探测器已从火星

传回了第一张图像，开启了两年的科学研究。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:Thereisnowindorrainonthemoon.Itisaquietworld,whichisonlyoccasionallydisturbedbythenoiseofmeteoriteshittingitssurface.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

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crash:v.1)hitsth.hardwhilemoving,causingnoiseand/ordamage;

makesth.hitsb.orsth.inthisway（使）猛撞，碰撞

IcouldhearthesoundofwavescrashingagainstthepierasIwalkedalongtheboardwalk.当我沿着木栈道行走时，我能

听见海浪猛烈拍打着码头的声音。

DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

2)haveanaccidentinacar,plane,etc.byviolentlyhittingsth.else（使）（车）碰撞，（飞机）坠毁Drunkdrivingistheactofdrivingundertheinfluenceofalcohol,placingthedriveratahighriskofcrashing.醉驾是指

酒精影响下的驾驶行为，使得司机处于撞车的高风险中。

DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

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disrupt:vt.preventsth.fromcontinuinginitsusualwayby

causingproblems扰乱；使混乱

Ifyourroomistoocoldortoohot,itcandisruptyoursleepcycle.

如果房间太冷或太热，你的睡眠周期会被扰乱。

DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

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desolate:a.(ofaplace)emptyandwithoutpeople,makingyou

feelsadorfrightened（地方）无人居住的，荒无人烟的，荒

凉的

Throughtheirhardwork,theytransformedthedesolateland

aroundthemountaintogoodland.他们通过辛勤劳作把大山周

围荒凉的土地变为了良田。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

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first-ever:a.(onlybeforenoun)happeningforthefirsttime第一

次的

Theplaywasthefirst-everattempttoportraylocalworking-class

lifeonstage,andattractedabigaudienceofworkers.这部戏是

在舞台上表现当地工人阶级生活的第一次尝试，吸引了一大

批工人观众。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:Themoonisthenearestheavenlybodytotheearth.Ithasdrawnintenseinterestfromhumankindsincewefirstnoticeditinthesky.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:Themoonislikeasilverplatehanginginthesky.Itisveryattractive,andtopicsrelatedtoitcanbewidelyfoundnotonlyinChineselegendsandmyths,butalsointhedreamsoftheChinesepeople.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

★disc:n.[C]aroundflatshapeorobject圆盘形状；圆盘状物

Hewearsanidentitydiscaroundhisneck.他脖子上挂着圆形

身份牌。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

★captivating:a.veryattractiveandinteresting,inawaythat

holdsyourattention迷人的；很有魅力的

Sheisaverygoodspeakerwithacaptivatingpresenceand

skillfuluseofwordsthatcanattracttheaudiencequickly.她是

一个非常优秀的演讲者，风度翩翩，用语娴熟，能够快速

吸引观众。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:Itistheperfectplacetolookintodeepspace.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

★reach:n.(~es)[pl.]thepartsofaplacethatarefurthestfrom

thecenter边缘地带；边远地区

Thesmallvillageislocatedinthereachesofthemountain,far

fromthelivelycitycenter.这个小村庄位于深山，远离热闹的

城市中心。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:Themoonandtheearthwerealikeintheearlyperiodoftheirformation.However,signsindicatingtheremotepastonearthhavebeendestroyedbygeologicalactivities.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:Duetothetidallockingeffect,themoontakesjustaslongtorotatearounditsownaxisasitdoestorevolvearoundtheearth.Consequently,wecanonlyseeonesideofthemoonfromtheearth,andknowlittleaboutitsfarside.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

★tidal:a.relatingtotheregularrisingandfallingofthesea潮汐

的；潮水的

InChina,theutilizationoftidalenergywithmoderntechnologies

startedinthe1950s.在中国，利用现代技术开发潮汐能始于

20世纪50年代。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:Forthefirsttimeinhumanhistory,thelunarprobesentbyChinasoft-landedandtraveledonthefarsideofthemoon.Thismissionhasgreatlyenhancedourknowledgeaboutthemoon,theearth,andtheuniverse.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

★probe:n.[C](alsospace~)aspacecraftwithoutpeopleinit,that

issentintospacetocollectinformationabouttheconditionsthere

andsendtheinformationbacktotheearth（不载人的）航天探

测器，太空探测船

China’sMarsprobeTianwen-1successfullylandeditslanderand

roverontheredplanet.中国火星探测器“天问一号”的着陆

巡视器成功着陆于这颗红色星球。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

★rove:v.(written)travelfromoneplacetoanother漫游（于）；

流浪（于）

Whatheprefersistotakesuppliesandsnowshoes,androvethe

countryside.他更喜欢的是带上补给和雪地鞋，去郊野漫步。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

★deepen:v.1)becomestrongerorgreater,ormakesth.strongerorgreater

（使）变强烈；加强

Thepartnerstrytolistentoeachotherandimprovetheir

communicationskills,whichhelpsdeepentheirrelationship.

这对伴侣努力相互倾听并提升沟通技巧，这有助于加深

他们的关系。

DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

2)becomeworse;makesth.worse（使）变糟，恶化，严重

Werequestameetingassoonaspossiblesincetheproblemis

deepening.鉴于问题越来越严重，我们请求尽快召开会议。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:Duringtheperiodbetweenthe1950sand1970s,theUnitedStatesandtheSovietUnioncompetedagainsteachotherintheearlyexplorationofthemoon.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

★lunar:a.relatingtothemoonortotraveltothemoon月球的；

登月的

Therecanbenodoubtthatthereispurepleasureinjustgazing

throughyourtelescopeatthemajestyofthelunarlandscape.毫

无疑问，仅仅通过望远镜凝视壮丽的月球景观就能让人体会

到纯粹的快乐。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:Afterashortperiodofcalm,inthe1990s,scientistsfoundthattheremightbewateronthemoon.Asaresult,people’sinterestinlunarexplorationwasarousedagain.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

★lull:

n.[C]ashortperiodoftimewhenthereislessactivityorless

noisethanusual（活动或噪声的）暂停，暂时平静期

Duringtheshortlullbetweenbreakfastandlunch,shefound

himeatingcucumbersandtomatoes.在早餐和午餐间短暂的

停歇期间，她发现他在吃黄瓜和西红柿。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3vt.makesb.feelcalmorasiftheywanttosleep使平静下来；

使昏昏欲睡Theafternoonsunshineshonethroughthewindowandfellonmyface,lullingmetosleep.午后的阳光透过窗户洒在我的

脸上，使我昏昏欲睡。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:Sincetheturnoftheyear2000,morecountriessuchasChina,Japan,andIndiahavetakenpartintheexplorationofthemoon.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

★millennium:n.[C](pl.millennia)1)[usu.sing.]thetimewhenanew1,000-yearperiodbegins新

千年开始的时刻；新千年开始之际Asthenewmillenniumwasapproaching,thereweremany

thoughtsandconcernsregardingwhatthefuturemaybringforallofus.当新千年即将到来时，对于未来会给全人类带

来什么，我们有着很多想法和关注。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

2)aperiodof1,000years一千年；千年期

Humansocietieshavedependedupontheseaanditsresourcesformillennia.人类社会依赖海洋及其资源已有数千年了。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:Uptonow,theworldhaslaunchedmorethan100missionstothemoonusingspacecraftwithorwithoutastronauts.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

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todate:untilnow迄今；到目前为止

Todate,theorganizationhasdonatedmorethan200bikesto

peopleinneed,andisnowexpandingitsprogramofbike-riding

lessonsasdemandsoars.到目前为止，该组织已经向有需要的

人捐赠了200多辆自行车，并且随着需求的激增正在扩大自行

车骑行课程项目的规模。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

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unmanned:a.usedtorefertoaspacecraftoraplacethathasno

peoplepresenttooperateorbeinchargeofit（宇宙飞船或地方）

无人的Manysupermarketsnowhaveunmannedself-checkoutmachinesforcustomerstouse.现在很多超市都安装了无人自助结账机

供顾客使用。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:InChinesepoems,music,andpaintings,themoonhasalwaysbeenansubjectwidelyexploredbyartistsandwriterstoexpresstheiremotionsandthoughtsabouttheuniverse.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:China’sspaceplanningagendawhichwasannouncedin2000includedresearchinpreparationfortheexplorationofthemoon.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

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preparatory:a.(onlybeforenoun)doneinordertogetreadyfor

sth.预备的；准备的

Asthepreparatoryphasecontinues,exerciseswilldecrease

slightlyinvolumeandincreaseinintensity.随着准备阶段继续

推进，锻炼量将会小幅下降，但强度会增加。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:AlthoughChinastartedlunarexplorationlaterthansomecountries,ithasmademanyachievementsinonlyafewmissions.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

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latecomer:n.[C]sb.whoarriveslate迟到者；后来者

Althoughlatecomersamongthelivingthings,humansasa

specieshavetransformedtheearththemost.虽然在生物中出现

较晚，但人类作为一个物种对地球的改变却是最大的。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:China’slunarprobetechnologieswereprovenbythesuccessfullaunchofChang’e-1in2007,thefirstspacecraftdevelopedbytheprogram.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

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stemfromsth.:developasaresultofsth.else源于；来自；

由…引起Authenticprideispridestemmingfromattributingone’s

accomplishmentstoone’sowneffort.真正的自豪源于所获成就

来自于自身的努力。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:In2013,Chang’e-3completedChina’sfirstsoftlandingonthemoon.Itwasalsothefirstcraftmadebyhumanstoachievethisgoalinthepastnearly40years.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

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man-made:a.

1)madebypeople,ratherthanbynaturalprocesses人工制造的；

非天然的

Areservoirisaman-madelakethatistheresultofadam

createdinthepathofariver.水库是在河道上建筑大坝后形

成的人工湖。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

2)man-madematerialsandsubstancesarenotnatural（材料、物

质）人造的，人工的

Concreteisoneofthemostwidelyusedman-madematerialsin

theworld.混凝土是世界上使用最广泛的人造材料之一。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:Chinesespaceexpertsalsoovercamedifficultiesarisingfromtheuneven,rockysurfaceonthefarsideofthemoon,makingtheprobelandonthemoonattheexactlocationasplanned.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

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rugged:a.(ofthelandscape)notlevelorsmoothandhaving

rocksratherthanplantsortrees（地形）崎岖的，凹凸不平的，

多岩石的

Theruggedcoastlineisnotedforitsspectacularandrelatively

unspoiledscenery.这段崎岖的海岸线以其壮观而相对未被破

坏的景色而闻名于世。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

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terrain:n.[C,U]aparticulartypeofland地形；地势；地带

Beingabletoskionsteepterrainsafelyisanabsolutemustfor

mostskitours.对于大多数滑雪旅行来说，能够在陡峭的地带

安全地滑雪是绝对必要的。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

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drawsth.up:prepareawrittendocument,suchasalistor

contract起草，拟定（名单、合同等）

Theydrewupaplantoimprovetheeducationofthecountryby

openingmoreschools.他们拟定了一份计划，通过开办更多学

校来改善国家教育。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

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region:n.[C]alargeareaofacountryoroftheworld,usu.

withoutexactlimits（通常无明确界线的）地区，区域，地带

Thisregionhasrichnaturalresourcesoflight,heat,water,and

soil.这个地区有丰富的光、热、水和土壤这些自然资源。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:Weworktogetherwithpeoplearoundtheworldtoexploretheuniverse,and,inmyopinion,thisisoneofthereasonswhyspacescienceissoattractive.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

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thebeautyofsth.:aparticularlygoodqualitythatmakessth.

esp.suitableoruseful某事物的优点（或好处、妙处）

Thebeautyoftheplanisitssimplicity,lowcost,andeaseof

administration.该计划的优点是简单易懂、成本低廉、容易

管理。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

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cooperate:vi.workwithsb.elsetoachievesth.thatyouboth

want合作；协作

Theyaretotallydedicatedandcooperatewitheachotherto

realizethegoal.他们全身心投入，彼此合作以实现目标。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:Theprobecarriedsomelivespeciessuchascottonandpotato.Theyweretakentothelifelessenvironmenttoformasmallbiosphereandareexpectedtoproducethefirstfloweronthemoon.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

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species:n.[C](pl.species)（动植物的）物种，种

Inordertosurviveinachangingenvironment,individualspecies

musthavethecapabilityandopportunitytorespondadaptively.

为了在不断变化的环境中生存，个体物种必须有能力和机会

作出适应性反应。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

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mini:a.smallinrelationtoothersofthesamekind小型的

Hergardenisquitelarge,andIalwaysrefertoitasaminifarm.

她的花园相当大，我总是称之为小型农场。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:China’slunarexplorationhassucceededinvariousmissions,fromusingrobotstocarryingastronauts,fromshort-termtolong-termoperations.Inthefuture,Chinawillgofurtheronitswayofexploringthemoon.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

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robotic:a.(onlybeforenoun)roboticequipment,etc.isrelatedto

robotsorispartofarobot机器人的Modernelectronicsenablesmoreintelligentuseofroboticsystems,butthiscomeswithitsownchallenges.现代电