新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程B3U6 Section A

Unit6Theeconomy:powerbehindeverydaylifeHungerisnottheworstfeatureofunemployment;idlenessis.—WilliamE.Barrett(Americanwriter)读写教程3Preview新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Likelife,theeconomyflowsincycles.Astrong,healthyeconomybringspeopleopportunitiesforeducation,work,andwell-being.However,whentheeconomiccycleshiftsdownward,employmentdeclines,peoplesufferastheirstandardoflivingisseverelyaffected,andtheiranxietyanduncertaintyaboutthefuturegrow.Toavoidpotentialeconomicrisksandprovidepeoplewithbasiclivingallowanceswhennecessary,governmentsimplementlawsandregulationstomonitorandadjusttheeconomy.AsPreview新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3individuals,wealsotakeanactivepartintheeconomiclife.Itisnecessarythatweacquiresomeknowledgeaboutbasiceconomicphenomenaandlearntounderstandtherelationshipbetweentheeconomyandsociety.So,howmuchdoyouknowaboutthegovernment’sfinancialregulations?Whatarethelong-termeffectsthateconomicbubbleshaveonpeopleandsociety?Doyouhaveafinancialplanforeconomicdownturns?Pre-readingactivitiesDetailedstudyofthetextReading

comprehensionLanguagefocusStructureanalysisandwriting新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionA1Lookatthepicturesandanswerthefollowingquestions.

新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Pre-readingactivitiesSectionA1Lookatthepicturesandanswerthefollowingquestions.

1Whatsituationsarethepeopleinthepictureslikelytobein?2Howwillthesesituationsaffectordinarypeople?3Whatsuggestionsdoyouhavetohelppreventeconomiccrises?新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Pre-readingactivitiesSectionA1Lookatthepicturesandanswerthefollowingquestions.

1Thepeopleinthepicturesarelikelystrugglingforsurvivalduringaneconomicrecession.Manypeoplearelaidofffromwork,findingthattheyareindifficultsituations.Somepeopleevenhavetoholdupsigns,beggingforajobtofeedtheirfamilies.Evidently,theeconomicrecessioncanhavedisastrouseffectsonordinarypeople’slives.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Pre-readingactivitiesSectionA1Lookatthepicturesandanswerthefollowingquestions.

2Manypeoplemayexperiencelongmonthsofhardship.Despitetheircontinuousefforts,theymaybeconfrontedwiththeharshrealityoflosingwhattheyoncehad:theirapartment,highstandardofliving,unfinishededucation,evenself-esteem.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Pre-readingactivitiesSectionA1Lookatthepicturesandanswerthefollowingquestions.3

Ithinkwecanavoideconomiccrisesinthefollowingways.First,peopleshouldinvestrationally.Theyshouldlearntostayawayfromblindinvestmentandanalyzethecurrenteconomicconditionsandtrendscarefully.Thiswillgreatlyreducethepossibilityofoverheatedinvestmentgrowth,helpingtheeconomytostayontherighttrack.Second,thegovernment新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Pre-readingactivitiesSectionA1Lookatthepicturesandanswerthefollowingquestions.shouldproperlyregulatetheeconomy.Thereshouldbeimprovementineconomicregulation,marketsupervision,socialmanagement,andpublicservices,whichcannotonlyguidecapitaltodevelopinastableandorderlymanner,butalsopromotesocialfairnessandjustice.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Pre-readingactivitiesSectionA1TheeconomicslumpthatsomanypeoplesufferedthroughoriginatedintheUnitedStates,witharegulatoryfailureofmortgagesratedlessriskythantheyturnedouttobe.Aslargenumbersofhomeownersprovedunabletorepaytheirloans,thecompaniesthatownedtheloans(aswellastheirsubsidiariesandshareholders)lostsizableamountsofmoney.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SurvivinganeconomiccrisisSectionADetailedstudyofthetextTheeffectsofthesedrasticlossessoonspiraledintotheU.S.jobmarketaslay-offsandterminations.Thereboundwasslowincoming.Manypeopleexperiencedlongmonthsoffinancialdifficultiesjustlikethecharacterinthisstory.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetext2

Facingtenant

evictionafterseveralmonthsofunpaidrent,SueJohnsonpackedupwhatevershecouldfitintohertwo-doorautomobileanddroveoutoftown.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetext3

Shewoundupatamotel,puttingdownthe$260shehadmanagedtoscrapetogetherfromfriendsandfromsellingherlivingroomset.ItwasallthemoneySuehadafterherunemploymentbenefitshadexpired.Shefacedlifeasamigrant,apreviouslyunimaginablesituationforawomanwho,notthatlongbefore,hadheldacorporatejobinametropolitancityandhadbeenenrolledinagraduatebusinessschool.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetext4

Sueknewthat,inalllikelihood,shewouldenduplivinginhercar.Shewaspartofahard-luckgroupofjoblesspeoplewhocalledthemselves“99ers”,becausetheyhadexhaustedthemaximum99weeksofunemploymentinsurancebenefitsthattheycouldclaim.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetext5

Long-termunemploymentwasatrecordlevels.Modestpaymentsofunemploymentbenefitswerealifelinethatenabledpeoplewhowereoutofworktomaintainatleastanappearanceofnormalcy,keepingaroofovertheirheads,puttinggasintheircars,andpayingelectricandphonebills.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetext6

Withoutthechecks,peoplelikeSue,whohadoncebeenadirectorofclientservicesatatechnologycompany,begantotumbleovertheeconomiccliff.Thelastremnantsoftheirformerworking-classormiddle-classlivesweregone,andallofthemfacedunsurefutures.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetext7WhenSuereceivedherlastunemploymentcheck,shefeltawaveofprofoundgrief.Withnoincometodeposit,Sue’scheckingaccountwentintoanegativebalance.Hercarwasonthevergeofbeingrepossessed.And,theconstantharassmentofthefinancingcompanyforhercarloanaddedtoherdailystress.Eachday,likeapingpongball,Suewentbackandforthbetweenresolveanddespair.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetext8Itwasasickeningplungeconsideringthatonlyashortyearandahalfbefore,Suehadearned$56,000ayearatheroldjob,enjoyedvacationinginplaceslikeMexicoandtheCaribbean,andstartedbusinessschoolatanexcellentuniversity.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetext9Initially,Suehadtriedtofinishheruniversitycertificationremotely,butfinallydroppedoutbecauseofthestressfromhersinkingfinances.Sheappliedforeverypossiblejobintheemploymentspectrum,fromminimum-wageretailjobstodirectorpositions.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetext10Sueshouldhavebeenevictedfromhertwo-bedroomapartmentfornon-paymentseveralmonthsbeforeshewas,but,thankfully,theprocesswasdelayedbypaperworkandbureaucracy.Eventually,thebureaucracycaughtupwithher,andshewasgiven10daystoleaveherapartmentforgood.Shehadnochoicebuttocomply.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetext11Thatlastdayofheroldlife,Sueweptasshedroveaway.Shewonderedifshewouldeveragainbeabletoreclaimthatlifeofcomfortandrespect.Shefellintocompletedespairanddidn’tknowwhatwouldhappentohernext.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetext12Friendscametoheraid.Onefriendwiredher$200whileshewasdrivingawayfromheroldapartment,enablinghertofindrefugeinamotelalongtheway.ButSueworriedtherewouldn’tbeanymorecharitythatshedesperatelyneeded.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetext13Helpedbygascardsdonatedbyachurch,Suedecidedtoreturntoherhometown.Shefiguredthehealth-caresafetynettherewasbetter,aswellasthejobmarket.Shecontactedalocalshelterbutlearnedtherewasawaitinglist.Welfarewasnotanoption,becauseshedidn’thaveyoungchildren.And,Sueknewthatnoneofherthreeadultsonswereinapositiontohelpher.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetext14“IknewtheonlyhelpIwasgoingtogetwasfrommemyself,”Suesaid.“Ithoughttomyself:Ihavetotakecareofmyself.Ireally,reallyneedtogetwork.Ineedajob.Idon’twanttobeseenasaparasite.”新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetext15Sue’smotelroomwasdepressing.Liningtheshelvesunderneaththetelevisionwereherfoodsupplies:riceandnoodlesthatshemixedwithwaterinthemotel’sicebucketandheatedupinamicrowave,peanutbutterandjelly,aloafofwhitebread–thesubsistenceofadesperateperson.Sue’sdayswerespentsurfingInternetjobindexesandapplyingforjobswherethesilent“No”,“No”,“No”ledtoafeelingofhelplessness.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetext16Suehadallnewproblemsandobstaclestodealwith,too,likewhattodoforanaddressforjobapplications.Sheworriedaboutwhatwouldhappenwhenhercellphonewascutofffornon-payment,andcallstohernumberwoulddisappearintoaninvisibleworldshecouldnotreach.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetext17Finally,anoldfriendsentSuearayofhope,asmallmiracle:$300cash–justenoughforanotherbrutalweekoffinancialstruggles.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaning:TheeconomicdeclinefirstoccurredintheU.S.Theauthoritiesdidnotproperlyevaluatetheriskofsomemortgages,whichprovedtobemuchhigherthanexpected.Asaresult,alargenumberofpeoplewereseverelyaffectedbytheeconomicdecline.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

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slump:

n.[C,usu.sing.]1)aperiodwhenthereisareductioninbusinessandmanypeoplelosetheirjobs（经济的）不景气，萧条

Thegovernmentisseekingtoavoidtheeconomicslumpthatwouldnormallyaccompanyadeclineinexports.政府正在

努力避免通常会伴随出口下降而来的经济萧条。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程32)asuddendecreaseinprices,sales,profits,etc.（价格、销售

额、利润等的）突然下跌Thereisaslumpinsalesandprofits,whichaffectsalmost

everyindustryinthecountry.销量和利润锐减，影响到国

内的几乎每个行业。

DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3

vi.fallorleanagainststh.becauseyouarenotstrongenoughtostand（因无力站立而）倒下，倚，靠

Whentrainingwasoverfortheday,Islumpedagainstthewall,exhaustedandsweaty.当一天的训练结束时，我瘫坐

在墙边，筋疲力尽，浑身是汗。Detailedstudyofthetext

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originate:vi.(always+ad./prep.)begintoexistorappearforthefirsttime发源；开始

Silk,oneoftheoldestfibers,originatedinChinathousandsofyearsago.蚕丝是最古老的纤维之一，几千年前源于中国。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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regulatory:a.(fml.)havingtheofficialpowertocontrolanactivityandmakesurethatitisdoneinasatisfactoryway具有

监管权的；监管的Althoughthisgovernmentisprovidingaregulatoryframework,itisnotregulatingthebankingandtheinsuranceindustriesproperly.尽管该政府提供监管机制，但对银行业和保险业并

没有起到合理监管的作用。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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mortgage:n.[C]alegalarrangementbywhichyouborrowmoneyfromabankorsimilarorganizationinordertobuyahouse,andpaybackthemoneyoveraperiodofyears抵押贷款；

按揭Thecentralbanksaidinastatementthattheexistingmortgageloanswillkeeptheoldinterestratesunchanged.央行在一份声

明中表示，现有抵押贷款将保持原有利率不变。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaning:Aslargenumbersofhomeownerswereunabletopaybacktheirloans,thecompaniesthatwereinchargeoftheloansaswellastheirbranchcompaniesandstockholderslostverylargeamountsofmoney.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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loan:n.[C]anamountofmoneythatyouborrowfromabank,etc.（银

行等的）贷款

Hepaidoffthebankloaninthreeyearsandstartedsavingto

clearhisotherdebts.他在三年内还清了银行贷款，然后开

始存钱清偿其他债务。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetextvt.(AmE)lendsb.sth.,esp.money借给（尤指钱）

Tohelpvillagersgetridofpoverty,localbankswerewillingtoloanthemmoney,andhalftheinterestwouldbecoveredbythelocalgovernment.为了帮助村民脱贫，当地银行愿意贷款

给他们，并且一半的利息会由当地政府承担。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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subsidiary:n.[C]acompanythatisownedorcontrolledbyanotherlargercompany子公司；附属公司

She’sworkingforanoverseassubsidiaryofahugemultinationalcorporation.她在为一家大型跨国公司的海外子公司工作。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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shareholder:n.[C]sb.whoownssharesinacompanyorbusiness股东；股票持有者

Theresolutionsofferedduringthecorporation’smostrecentshareholdermeetingreceivedunprecedentedapproval.在公司最

近的股东大会上提出的决议得到了前所未有的认可。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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sizable:a.(alsosizeable)fairlylarge相当大的Agriculturalincomeaccountsforasizeableproportionofthearea’stotalincome.农业收入在这个地区的总收入中占很大

比重。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaning:ThedramaticlossessoonseriouslyaffectedtheU.S.jobmarket–manypeoplelosttheirjobsandbecameunemployed.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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drastic:a.extremeandsudden激烈的；严厉的；突然的

Themassivefloodingfromtherecenthurricanecauseddrasticcroplossestoalmostallfarmersintheregion.最近飓风引发的

大规模洪水给该地区几乎所有农民的收成造成了巨大损失。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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spiral:vi.(always+ad./prep.)1)continuouslybecomeworse,more,orless不断地恶化

（或

增长、减少）

Anaccidentatthenuclearpowerstationinthisdensely

populatedareacouldeasilyspiralintoacatastrophe.在

这个人口密集地区，一次核电站事故很容易演变成一

场灾难。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

2)moveinacontinuouscurvethatgetsnearertoorfurtherfromitscentralpointasitgoesround螺旋形上升（或

下降）

Thefactorywasonfire,andsmokespiraledintothesky.

工厂着火了，浓烟滚滚而起。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

n.[C]alineintheformofacurvethatwindsaroundacentralpoint,movingfurtherawayfromthecenterallthetime螺线；

螺旋线Therewasastaircaseattheend,aspiralofstepsthatwould

takethemdowntothenextwalkway.尽头有一段楼梯，螺

旋向下的台阶会把他们引到下一个通道。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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lay-off:n.[C]anactofmakingpeopleunemployedbecausethereisnomoreworkleftforthemtodo（因工作不多的）解

雇，裁员Ifyouputinmoretime,youwillpossiblyincreaseyourchancesofapromotionorreduceyourchancesoftargetedlay-offs.如果

你多投入点时间，你可能会增加升职的机会，或者减少自己

被针对性裁员的可能。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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termination:n.[C,U]theendofanagreement,job,orsituation

结束；终止

Attheterminationofthecontract,theownershipoftheprojectwillbetransferredtothelocalgovernment.合同终止时，项目

所有权将移交给当地政府。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaning:Therehadnotbeenanysignificantimprovementintheeconomyyet.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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rebound:n.[C](business)apositivereactionthathappensaftersth.

negative复兴；振兴

Thereboundofeconomicgrowthinthesecountriesisexpectedtocontinue,probablyatahigherrate.这些国家的经济增长

反弹预计将会继续，且有可能以更快的速度进行。

SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

vi.hitasurfaceandthenmovequicklybackwardagain弹回；

跳回Theballreboundedfirstoffthewallandthenoffthefloorbeforeitwashitbytheplayer.球先是从墙上弹回，然后从

地板上弹起，再被球员击中。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaning:AsSueJohnsonhadn’tpaidtherentforseveralmonths,shewasforcedtoleaveherapartment.Shepackedwhatevershecouldfitintohertwo-doorautomobile,andthendroveoutoftown.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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tenant:n.[C]sb.wholivesinahouse,room,etc.andpaysrenttothepersonwhoownsit房客；租户

Itriedtorentthehousebythebeach,butithadalreadybeentakenbyanothertenant.我想租海滩旁边的那套房子，但它已

被另一位房客租下了。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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eviction:n.[C,U]theactorprocessofofficiallyforcingsb.toleaveahouseorpieceofland驱逐；驱赶

Johnreceivedanevictionnoticefromhislandlordafternotpayingrentforthreemonths.约翰三个月未付房租了，之后便

收到了房东的退租通知书。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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packsth.up:putthingsintoboxes,suitcases,bags,etc.inordertotakeorstorethemsomewhere把…打包；把…装盒（或箱、

袋等）

Aftertheshow,thebandmemberspackeduptheirinstrumentsandloadedthemontothetourbus.演出结束后，乐队成员收拾

好乐器，然后把它们装载到巡回演出的巴士上。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaning:Intheend,shestayedatamotelwhereshehadtopayadepositof$260foraroom.Shehadmanagedtocollectthemoneyfromherfriendsandfromsellingthesetoffurnitureinherlivingroom.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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windup:(infml.)beinanunpleasantsituationorplaceafteralothashappened以（难堪的境况）告终

Afterforgettinghispassportandmissinghisflight,Jackwoundupstuckattheairportovernight.杰克忘带护照并错过了飞机，

最终在机场滞留了一晚上。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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motel:n.[C]ahotelforpeoplewhoaretravelingbycar,whereyoucanparkyourcaroutsideyourroom汽车旅馆

IspentthewholeweekinamotelwatchingTVandreadingbooks.

我整整一周都待在一家汽车旅馆里看电视和读书。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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putsth.down:paypartofthetotalcostofsth.,sothatyoucanpaytherestlater付（订金）Theabsoluterulehereistoputdown20percentofthehome’spricewhenyoupurchaseit.这里的硬性规定是，购房时你要付

房价20%的订金。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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scrapesth.together/up:getenoughmoneyforaparticularpurpose,whenthisisdifficult（为某目的）勉强筹集，凑足

（钱款）Hemanagedtoscrapeupenoughmoneyforavacation.他设法

凑够了度假的钱。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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expire:vi.(ofadocument,anagreement,etc.)benolongervalidbecausetheperiodoftimeforwhichitcouldbeusedhasended（文件、协议等）到期，因到期而失效、终止

Theirfatcontractsareduetoexpireaftertheseason.他们的巨额

合同本季度后就到期了。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaning:Shehadtolivealifeasamigrant.Itwasimpossibleforhertoimaginesuchasituationbeforebecauseshehadheldajobinacompanyinaverylargecityandhadbeenastudentinagraduatebusinessschoolnotthatlongago.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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migrant:n.[C]sb.whogoestoliveinanotherareaorcountry,esp.inordertofindwork（尤指为寻找工作而迁移的）移民，

移居者Thehumanpopulationinmyhometownsurges,atleasttemporarily,asmigrantsmovesouth.随着移民南迁，我家乡

的人口数量激增，至少是暂时性增加。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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metropolitan:a.(onlybeforenoun)relatingorbelongingtoaverylargecity大城市的；大都会的WhenhehadtomovetometropolitanChicagoforajob,hewashomesickforaverylongtime.当他为了工作不得不搬到芝加哥

这个大都市时，他很长一段时间都很想家。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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enroll:v.(BrEenrol)officiallyarrangetojoinaschool,university,orcourse,orarrangeforsb.elsetodothis招（生）；

吸收（成员）；注册（课程）Emilyplanstoenrollinanartcourseatthecommunitycollegetodevelopanewhobby.埃米莉打算在社区大学报名参加一门艺

术课程，以发展新的业余爱好。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaning:Sueknewthatshewouldbeverylikelytoliveinhercarintheend.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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likelihood:n.[sing.,U]

1)(inall~)almostcertainly几乎肯定地；极可能地

Inalllikelihood,theconcertwillbepostponedduetothe

stormyweatherforecastedfortomorrow.由于预报明天有暴

风雨天气，这场音乐会极有可能会推迟。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

2)thedegreetowhichsth.canreasonablybeexpectedtohappen

可能（性）

Therearesomefamilieswhosepersonalrelationshipsarevery

closeandwherethereislittlelikelihoodofpotentialproblems

arising.有些家庭里人际关系非常紧密，几乎不可能出现潜

在的问题。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaning:Shewasoneofamiserablegroupofjoblesspeople.Theycalledthemselves“99ers”becausetheywerenolongerallowedtoclaimunemploymentinsurancebenefitswhichtheycouldonlyreceivefor99weeks.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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hard-luck:a.usedfordescribingapersonorgroupthathashadalotoftroubleandbadluckintheirlives倒霉的；不幸的Hewasbornintoahard-luckfamilyinthiscityintheearlypartofthe20thcentury.

他20世纪初出生在这座城市中的一个不幸

的家庭里。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaning:Althoughtheunemploymentbenefitsweresmallinamount,theyhelpedjoblesspeoplesurviveandkeepatleastabasicstandardofliving,providingthemwithshelter,coveringtheirgasexpenses,andpayingtheirelectricandphonebills.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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normalcy:n.[U](alsonormality)asituationinwhichthingshappenintheusualorexpectedway正常状态

Ittookmanyyears,aftertheregionhadsufferedfromthegreatflood,torebuildhousing,schools,factories,etc.,andreturntoa

lifeofnormalcy.在遭受了大洪水以后，该地区花了很多年的

时间来重建住房、学校和工厂等，重新回到正常的生活。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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aroofoverone’shead:aplacetolive栖身之所；住处Ifeelgratefultohavearoofovermyheadonthiscoldandrainynight.在这样一个寒冷的雨夜，我很感激自己能有一个栖身

之所。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaning:Withoutunemploymentbenefits,peoplelikeSue,whousedtobeadirectorofclientservicesatatechnologycompany,begantogetintofinancialdifficulties.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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client:n.[C]sb.whogetsservicesoradvicefromaprofessionalperson,company,ororganization客户；客人；顾客

Thisinternationalconsultingfirmperformsabroadrangeofservicesforitsclients.这家国际咨询公司为其客户提供广泛的

服务。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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tumble:vi.

1)(always+ad./prep.)falldownquicklyandsuddenly,esp.witharollingmovement倒下；跌倒；摔倒；滚落Shetumbleddownasteephillwhilewalkingwithhergrandchildren,andwasrescuedtothehospitalfortreatment.

她和孙子们散步时在一处陡坡上跌倒了，获救后被送往医

院治疗。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext2)fallrapidlyinvalueoramount（价值或数量）暴跌，骤降

Thecompany’sstockpricetumbledfivepercentinThursday’s

tradingduetoitsworse-than-expectedannualresults.由于该

公司的年度业绩低于预期，其股价在周四的股票交易中暴

跌5%。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionAMeaning:AsSuehadnoincometoputintohercheckingaccount,shestartedowingmoneytothebank.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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deposit:vt.putmoneyorsth.valuableinabankorotherplacewhereitwillbesafe（往银行账户）存（钱）；存放（贵重物品）Foryourconvenience,yourpaycheckwillbeautomaticallydepositedintoyourbankaccount.为了方便起见，你的工资

将会自动存入你的银行账户。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

n.[C]anamountofmoneythatyoupayasthefirstpartofthetotalpaymentforsth.订金；预付款

Inapurchaseandsaletransaction,thepurchaseroftenpaysanamountofmoneyinadvanceasadeposit.在买卖交易中，

买家常常会预先支付一笔钱作为订金。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

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account:n.[C]

1)(abbr.a/coracct.)anarrangementthatsb.haswithabank,

etc.tokeepmoneythere,takesomeout,etc.账户

Hesuccessfullyopenedabankaccountforthenewly

establishedcompanymuchfasterthanhethought.他成功为

新成立的公司开设了一个银行账户，速度比他想的要快

得多。

SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext2)awrittenorspokendescriptionofsth.thathashappened描

述；叙述；报告

Afterthethree-dayschooltrip,thestudentsgaveanaccountofwhattheyhadlearnedfromtheactivityandsharedtheirfeelingstogether.在三天的学校旅行之后，学生们讲述了

他们在活动中的学习所得，并一起分享了他们的感受。SectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Detailedstudyofthetext

vi.(~forsth.)formaparticularamountorpartofsth.占（一定

数量或比例）China’sriceplantingareasroughlyaccountfor20percentoftheworld’stotal.中国的水稻种植面积约占全球水稻种植总

面积的20%。SectionA新视野