新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3（思政智慧版）Section A

Unit2LifestoriesGoconfidentlyinthedirectionofyourdreams.Livethelifeyouhaveimagined.—HenryDavidThoreau(Americanessayist,poet,andphilosopher)读写教程3Preview新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Lifestoriescanbeinspiringbecausetheyhelppeoplediscoverthe

truemeaningoflife.Whenyoulookatfamouspeople,especiallythosewholeftamarkinhistory,theirglamorouslivesseemhighlyvaried,andtheircareersbrilliantindifferentways.Yet,aconstantexplorationofthemeaningandpurposeoflifeisacommonthreadthatrunsthrougheachoftheirstories.Anothercommonthreadisthecontributionstheyhavemadetotheirpeople,theircountry,andtheworld.Indeed,theyoftenexhibit,inPreview新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3differentways,personalitytraitsthatdeserveouradmirationandapplause.Toliveameaningfullife,youneedtohaveyourowndreams–bigdreams.It’sthedeeppassionforandcommitmenttoyourdreamsthatgetsyouclosertothetruemeaningoflife.So,whatdoyouthinkisthemeaningoflife?Whathaveyoudoneandwillyoudotorealizeyourdreams?Howareyougoingtoshoulderthesocialresponsibilitieswhilepursuingyourowndreams?SectionAPre-readingactivitiesDetailedstudyofthetextReading

comprehensionLanguagefocusStructureanalysisandwriting新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程31

Matchthenamesanddescriptionsofthepeoplewiththepicturesbelow.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionAPre-readingactivities1Confucius(philosopherandeducatorintheSpringandAutumnPeriod)2ZhangQian(diplomatandexplorerintheWesternHanDynasty)ABBDCD1

Matchthenamesanddescriptionsofthepeoplewiththepicturesbelow.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionAPre-readingactivities3ZhengHe(diplomatandexplorerintheMingDynasty)4LiShizhen(physicianandmedicalscholarintheMingDynasty)ACABCD新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionAPre-readingactivities2

Workinpairsanddiscusswhichoftheabovepeopleyouadmiremostandwhatyoucanlearnfromhim.Personally,IadmireLiShizhenmost.IthinkIcanlearnalotfromhim.First,hehadhighexpectationsforhimselfandforhiscareer.Hedecidedtobeadoctortohelpthesickandstucktothatdreamuntilfinallyhemadeitcometrue.Second,heworkedhard.HisdedicationgreatlypromotedtheresearchanddevelopmentoftraditionalChinesemedicine.IttookhimalmostthreedecadestocompletehismasterpieceCompendiumof新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionAPre-readingactivities2

Workinpairsanddiscusswhichoftheabovepeopleyouadmiremostandwhatyoucanlearnfromhim.ofMateriaMedica(《本草纲目》),whichhasbecomeknownas“theancientChineseencyclopedia”.Finally,hedevotedhiswholelifetoservingthepeople.Hewascalled“SageofMedicine”becausehesavedalotofpeople’slivesbycuringtheirillnesses.LiShizhensetsagoodexampleformeandpromptsmetothinkaboutwhatIshoulddotoshouldermyresponsibilityforsociety,andaboutthemeaningofmylife.1In1999,anAmericanjournalistreportedasurprisingencounteronatinyAfricanislandcalledPate,justoffthecoastofKenya.There,inavillageofstonehutssetamongstdense

trees,thejournalistmetanumberofelderlymenwhotoldhimthattheyweredescendants

ofChinesesailors,shipwrecked

onPateseveralcenturiesago.TheirancestorshadtradedwiththelocalAfricans,whohadgiventhemgiraffestotakebackto新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetextZhengHe,thegreatancientChineseexplorerChina;thentheirboatwasdrivenontothenearbyreef.Henotedmanycluesthatseemedtoconfirmtheislanders’tale,includingtheirvaguely

Asianappearance,theantiqueporcelainheirlooms

intheirhomes,andtheporcelainshardsonthebeaches.Evidently,thisremoteAfricanvillageretainsanechoofoneofhistory’smostastonishingepisodesofmaritime

exploration.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetext2Aboutsixcenturiesago,amighty

fleetofChineseshipsventuredwesttotheIndiaOcean,reachingCeylon,Arabia,andEastAfrica.Thefleetincludedgiantnine-mastedjunksescorted

bydozensofsupplyships,watertankers,transportsforcavalryhorses,andpatrol

boats.Thefleet’screwtotaledmorethan27,000sailorsandsoldiers.Asacomparison,Columbus’largestcrewwasofonlyabout1,500peopleandtheSantaMaría,thelargestshipforhisfirstvoyage,wasmuchsmallerthanZhengHe’slargestjunk.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetext3Seventimes,from1405to1433,theChinesefleetsetofffortheunknown.ThesegreatexpeditionstookplaceabouthalfacenturybeforethefirstEuropeans,roundingthetipofAfricainfrail

Portuguesecaravels,“discovered”theIndianOcean.Thesevenexpeditionswereallledbyoneman,ZhengHe,oneofthegreatestexplorersinChinesehistory.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetext4ZhengHewasbornaround1371inYunnan,southwesternChina.Asachild,hewasverycuriousabouttheworld.Heoftenaskedhisfatherandgrandfather,whohadbeentodistantplaces,questionsabouttheirjourney,alongwiththepeopleandplacestheyencountered.Fromayoungage,hestartedreadingbooksbygreatscholars,suchasConfuciusandMencius.Laterwhenheservedintheroyal

court,hereceivedmilitarytrainingandbecameatrustedassistantandadvisertotheemperor.He新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetextwasalsoinchargeofpalaceconstructionandrepairs,learnedmoreaboutweapons,andbecamemoreknowledgeableinshipconstruction.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetext5In1403,theemperorcommandedtheconstructionoftheTreasureFleet.Boththetreasureshipsandthesupportvessels–battleshipsandboatscarryinggrainandhorses–featureddividedhullswithseveralwatertight

compartments.ThisengineeringinnovationhadrootsinearlyChineseseafaring.Itallowedmarinerstotakeunprecedented

amountsofdrinkingwateronlongvoyages,whilealsoaddingmuch-neededballast,balance,andstability.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetext6In1405,theemperorappointed

ZhengHetoheadamassivefleetofmorethan200junkswitharoyalordertoestablishtieswithrulersallaroundtheIndianOcean.ItwasthestartofthesevengreatvoyagesoftheTreasureFleet.Thejunks,loadedwithChinesesilk,porcelain,andlacquerware,visitedportsaroundtheIndianOcean,whereZhengHeexchangedthegoodsforspices,ivory,medicines,rarewood,pearls,andexotic

animals,soughtbytheMingcourt.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetext7Duringhiscareerasanaval

commander,ZhengHenegotiatedtradepacts,foughtpirates,andbroughtbackgiftstoChina.HeandhiscrewtraveledandtradednotonlywiththecitiesinwhatarenowIndonesia,Malaysia,Thailand,andIndia,butalsowiththeArabianportsofmodern-dayYemenandSaudiArabia.Therulersheencounteredtherewereimpressedbyhisdiplomatic

skillsandtheelaborategiftshebroughtthem.Theyagreedtosendambassadors

totheMingcourt.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetext8In1431,ZhengHesetoutwithhisfleetfortheseventhexpeditionaroundtheIndianOcean,sailingallthewaytoMalindionKenya’seastcoastandstoppingattradingportsalongtheway.Towardtheendofthisvoyagein1433,ZhengHediedofdisease.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetext9ZhengHehadhelpedspreadthecultureandinfluenceofChinaoveravastrealm.Butthewarinthenorththendrewmilitaryinvestmentawayfromthemaintenance

ofthefleetandtheroyalcourtturneditsfocustotheconstructionandexpansion

oftheGreatWall.Inevitably,thenavyshrankandallthelargerclassesofshipsweredestroyed.Thiscontributedtotheendoftheepic

timeoftheMingDynastyseavoyages.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetext10ZhengHespentyearsatseasailingbetweenChinaandtheeastcoastofAfrica,settingupdiplomaticrelationshipsthatwouldreshapeAsianlife.Hissevenexpeditionschallengedwhathumanscoulddoatsea,pushingthelimitsoftheirboats’size,complexity,andcapacityforlong-distancetravel.TheywerealsoessentialtothespreadoftwoChinesetechnologiesthathelpedbuildourmodernworld:gunpowderandthecompass.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetext11Today,whetherpeopleviewZhengHeasanemblem

ofChinesediplomacyorasasymbol

ofthecountry’sspiritofadventureandbravery,onethingisforcertain:ZhengHeremainsoneofthegreatestexplorersinworldhistory,andthevoyagesheledstandamongthegreatwondersinthehistoryofoceannavigation,contributingsignificantlytotheprogressofhumancivilization.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Meaning:

Amongthethicktreestherewasavillagewithhutsmadeofstone.ThejournalistmetsomeelderlymenthereandtheytoldhimthattheywererelatedtoChinesesailors,whosurvivedonPateaftertheirshipwasdestroyedseveralcenturiesago.SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

dense:a.madeoforcontainingalotofthingsorpeoplethatareveryclosetogether茂密的；密集的；稠密的Steeprocksanddenseforestscreateabeautifulsight,especiallyfromabird’s-eyeview.陡峭的岩石和茂密的森林造就了一道美丽的风景，尤其是从鸟瞰的视角来看。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

descendant:n.[C]sb.whoisrelatedtoapersonwholivedalongtimeago,ortoafamily,groupofpeople,etc.thatexistedinthepast后代；后裔ItisestimatedthatConfuciusnowhasmorethanthreemilliondescendantslivingacrosstheworld.据估算，孔子目前有超过300万后裔生活在世界各地。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

shipwreck:vt.(be~ed)beinaboatorshipwhenitisdestroyedinanaccident遭遇海难

Themovietellsthestoryofsevenyoungmenwhotrytosurviveafterbeingshipwreckedonadesertedisland.这部电影描述了七位年轻人在遭遇海难并受困于荒岛后试图生存。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3n.[C,U]thedestructionofashipinanaccident海难；船只失事

OnherreturntoAmericain1850,she,herhusband,andtheirsondiedinashipwreck.在1850年返回美国途中，她和丈夫以及儿子在一次海难中丧生。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Meaning:

Henoticedmanycluesthatseemedtoprovetheislanders’storytrue,includingtheirappearancewhichwasslightlysimilartoAsianpeople’s,theancientporcelainitemstheycherishedandpasseddownfromgenerationtogenerationintheirhomes,andthebrokenpiecesofporcelainonthebeaches.SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

vague:a.ofuncertain,indefinite,orunclearcharacterormeaning含糊的；不明确的；不清楚的Thankstomoreaccurateforecasts,weatherreporttermsthatusedtobevaguehavebeenmadeclearer,sopeoplecantrulyunderstandthem.多亏了更准确的预测，过去含糊的天气预报术语变得越来越明确，这使得人们能真正理解这些术语。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext★

vaguely:

ad.1)slightly稍微Theman’svoicesoundedvaguelyfamiliar,butshecouldnotidentifyit.这个男人的声音听起来有点熟悉，但她就是辨别不出来。2)notclearlyorexactly含糊地；不明确地；不清楚地Hewillspeakaslittle,orasvaguelyaspossiblewhenaskedforadefiniteopinionorfeedback.当被问及明确看法或反馈意见时，他会尽量少说，或尽量含糊其辞。新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

heirloom:n.[C]avaluableobjectthathasbeenownedbyafamilyformanyyearsandthatispassedfromtheoldermemberstotheyoungermembers传家宝；祖传之宝Myfamilyrecipebookissoprecioustome,andIconsideritafamilyheirloom.我的家庭食谱对我来说非常珍贵，我把它看作是传家宝。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Meaning:

Apparently,inthisremoteAfricanvillage,therearestilltracesofoneofthemostastonishingeventsofseaexplorationinhistory.SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

maritime:a.(onlybeforenoun)relatingtotheseaorships海上的；海事的；与船舶有关的RecentlyissueddataindicatedthatChina’smaritimeeconomyhasbecomeanewengineforgrowth.最近发布的数据表明，中国的海洋经济已经成为新的增长引擎。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Meaning:

Aboutsixcenturiesago,apowerfulgroupofChineseshipsriskedgoingwesttotheIndianOcean,andfinallymadeittoCeylon,Arabia,andEastAfrica.SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

mighty:a.(literary)

verystrongandpowerful,orverybigandimpressive强有力的；强大的；巨大的；雄伟的TheHukouWaterfallisaprimespotfortouristsastheycanenjoythemagnificentlandscapeandthemightyforceoftheYellowRiver.壶口瀑布是游客的首选目的地之一，因为在那儿他们能欣赏黄河的壮观景色和磅礴气势。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

fleet:n.[C]agroupofships,oralltheshipsinanavy船队；舰队Thenavysentafleetofwarshipstojointheinternationalcampaignagainstterrorism.海军派出了一支军舰舰队去参加国际反恐行动。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Meaning:

Thefleetincludedhugenine-mastedChinesesailingboatswhichwereaccompaniedbydozensofsupplyships,watertransportships,shipscarryingwarhorses,andboatsusedforpatrolling.SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

escort:

vt.1)gosomewherewithaperson,vehicle,ship,etc.inordertoprotectthemortopreventthemfromescaping护送；护卫；押送Thepoliceofficerofferedtoescortthelostchildbacktohisparents.该警官提出要护送这名孩子回到他父母身边。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程32)gosomewherewithsb.inordertobecertainthattheyarriveattherightplace护送（某人至某处）MarywasescortingJimtothefrontdoorwhenJimtoldherthenews.吉姆告诉玛丽那个消息的时候，她正送他去前门。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

patrol:n.[C]agroupofpolice,soldiers,vehicles,planes,etc.sentouttosearchaparticulararea巡警队；巡逻车队；巡逻机队

Thepatrolshipsareaimedatstrengtheninglaw-enforcementcooperationbetweenthetwocountries.这些巡逻舰旨在加强两国之间的执法合作。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionASectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3v.goaroundthedifferentpartsofanareaorbuildingatregulartimestocheckthatthereisnotroubleordanger巡逻；巡查

Shewalksatleast20kmeverydaytopatroltheborderlineatanaverageheightofover4,000mabovesealevel.她每天至少要走20公里，在平均海拔4,000多米的边界线上巡逻。Detailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Meaning:

Seventimes,from1405to1433,theChinesefleetwentonavoyagetoexploretheunknownworld.SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

setoff:starttogosomewhere出发；启程；动身ThetwotouristtrainswillsetoffonMonday,bringingsome400passengersaboardtotourcitiesinChina.这两列旅游列车将于周一出发，搭载约400名乘客前往中国的城市旅游。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Meaning:

ThesegreatexpeditionshappenedabouthalfacenturybeforethefirstEuropeanswentaroundthetipofAfricaand“discovered”theIndianOceanintheirweakPortugueselightsailingships.SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

takeplace:happen,esp.afterbeingplannedorarranged（尤指经过计划或安排后）发生，进行Thisisapaintingthatdepictsaneventthatactuallytookplace.这幅画描绘的是一个真实发生的事件。SectionADetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

frail:a.1)

weak;easilydamagedorbroken弱的；易损的；易碎的

Anincreaseintouristswillhelpstrengthenthecountry’sfraileconomyastourismhasbecometheNo.1foreignexchangeearner.游客的增加有助于改善该国脆弱的经济，因为旅游业已经成为该国外汇收入最高的行业。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程32)(esp.ofanoldperson)physicallyweakandthin（尤指老人）瘦弱的

Mygrandmotherremainedstronginspiritbutlatelywasphysicallyfrailandrequiredhelpjusttostandup.我祖母精神上依然坚强，但是最近身体上比较虚弱，需要帮忙才能站起来。Detailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Meaning:

Hisfatherandgrandfatherhadbeentodistantplaces.Heoftenaskedthemquestionsabouttheirjourney,andaboutthepeopletheyhadmetandtheplacestheyhadbeento.SectionADetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

royal:a.(onlybeforenoun)1)

relatingtoorbelongingtoakingorqueen国王的；女王的；王室的；皇家的

ThePalaceMuseum,China’sformerroyalpalacefrom1420to1911andalsoknownastheForbiddenCity,receivedmanyvisitorsthissummer.故宫博物院，即1420年到1911年间的中国皇宫，也称紫禁城，在今年夏季接待了很多游客。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程32)usedinthenamesoforganizationsthatserveoraresupportedbyakingorqueen皇家的（用于为国王、女王服务，或受其支持的组织名称）

TheRoyalCollegeofMusiciscommittedtotraininggiftedmusiciansfromallovertheworldforinternationalcareers.皇家音乐学院致力于培训来自世界各地的有才华的音乐家，助力他们开启国际职业生涯。Detailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

incharge(ofsth.):incontrolorwithoverallresponsibility掌管；负全责Theassociatedeanwillbeinchargeofresearchandgrowthoftheacademicdisciplines.副院长将会负责学术学科的研究和发展。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Meaning:

Boththetreasureshipsandthesupportvessels–battleshipsandboatscarryinggrainandhorses–hadtheirmainbodydividedintosections,someofwhichweredesignedtopreventwatergettingin.SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

watertight:a.thatdoesnotallowwatertogetinorout不透水的；防水的；水密的Tokeepthetunnelwatertightunderthechallengingconditions,theteamappliedaninnovativestructure.为了在恶劣的条件下保证隧道的水密性，团队采用了一种创新结构。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Meaning:

ThisengineeringinnovationcamefromearlyChinesesailing.Onlongvoyages,itallowedsailorstotakemoredrinkingwaterthaneverbefore.Theweightofthedrinkingwateralsohelpedkeeptheshipsmoresteady,balanced,andstable.SectionADetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

seafaring:n.[U]workortravelonshipsandthesea海上劳作；航海

Technologicaldevelopmentsinseafaringandshipbuildingpromotedtheexplorationoffurtherandunknownshores.航海和造船方面的技术发展推动了对更远未知海岸的探索。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3a.(onlybeforenoun)workingortravelingonshipsandthesea海上劳作的；航海的

Afterashorthoneymoon,helefthertogoonaseafaringexpedition,promisingtoreturnsoon.短暂的蜜月之后，他就离开了她去航海探险，承诺不久就会回来。Detailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

unprecedented:a.neverhavinghappenedbefore,orneverhavinghappenedsomuch空前的；前所未有的ParticipantsatthemeetingappreciatedChina’sunprecedentedachievementsineconomicdevelopment.与会者对中国在经济发展方面取得前所未有的成就表示赞赏。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Meaning:

In1405,theemperorchoseZhengHeasthecommanderofalargefleetofmorethan200junks,andorderedhimtoestablishrelationshipswithrulersallaroundtheIndianOcean.SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

appoint:vt.1)choosesb.todoaparticularjoborhaveaparticularposition任命；委派；指派

Hewashospitalizedlastweek,thenextdayafterhewasappointedtotheMinistryofFinance.他上周住院了，就在被委派到财政部任职后的第二天。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程32)(fml.)chooseatimeorplaceforsth.tohappen确定，指定，约定（时间或地点）

Theschoolbellrang,andkidsfloodedoutofthedoors,surgingtotheirappointedwaitingzonesonthesidewalk.学校铃声响了，孩子们冲出门来，涌向人行道上的指定等候区域。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Meaning:

Theships,whichcarriedlargequantitiesofChinesesilk,porcelain,andlacquerware,visitedportsaroundtheIndianOcean.There,ZhengHeexchangedthegoodsforspices,ivory,medicines,rarewood,pearls,andanimalsthatwerenotnativetoChina,whichwerepopularwiththeMingcourt.SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

loadedwithsth.:carryingaloadofsth.;heavywithsth.装载…的；满载…而沉重的Theplaneisloadedwithreliefsuppliesandwillbringsometouristshomeonitsreturntrip.这架飞机满载救援物资，在返程时会把一些游客带回家。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

exotic:a.originatinginorcharacteristicofadistantforeigncountry外（国）来的；（从外国）引进的；具有异国情调的Oneofthemainmotivationsfortouriststravelingtoremotedestinationsisthedesiretoseeexoticcultures.游客前往偏远目的地旅游的主要动机之一是渴望了解异域文化。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

naval:a.1)oforrelatingtoshipsorsailing船舶的；航海的

Thetwouniversitiesreachedacooperationagreementtojointlydevelopthedisciplineofnavalarchitectureandoceanengineering.这两所大学达成了合作协议，共同发展船舶与海洋工程学科。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程32)(onlybeforenoun)relatingtothenavyorusedbythenavy海军（使用）的

Duringhisnavalcareer,heinspiredmanyyoungpeoplewhosawhimastheirhero.在他的海军生涯里，他鼓舞了很多把他当作英雄的年轻人。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

pact:n.[C]aformalagreementbetweentwogroups,countries,orpeople,esp.tohelpeachotherortostopfighting条约；协定；协议Thetwocountriessignedaseriesofpactstoincreasecooperationinsuchareasaslegalassistanceandculturalexchanges.两国签署了一系列协议，以加强法律援助和文化交流等领域的合作。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

pirate:n.[C]sb.whosailsontheseas,attackingotherboatsandstealingthingsfromthem海盗Whatmanypeopledon’trealizeisthatpiratesareveryrealandcontinuetocauseproblemstodayforinternationalbusinesses.许多人没有意识到的是，海盗是真实存在的，而且至今仍给国际公司制造麻烦。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Meaning:

Therulershemettherewereimpressedbyhisskillsinmanagingtherelationsbetweencountriesandthefancygiftshebroughtthem.SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

diplomatic:a.connectedwithmanagingrelationsbetweencountries外交的；从事外交的Sincetheestablishmentofdiplomaticties30yearsago,therelationsbetweenthetwocountrieshaveseenremarkableprogress.建交30年以来，两国关系取得了显著进展。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

ambassador:n.[C]1)animportantofficialwhorepresentshisorhergovernmentinaforeigncountry大使

Hewasappointedambassadorafterhispredecessorconcludedhistermearlierthisyear.今年早些时候，他的前任结束任期，然后他被任命为大使。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程32)sb.whoisconsideredtorepresentanactivity,organization,company,etc.（活动、机构、公司等的）代表

Thefamousactoracceptedtheinvitationtoactasanambassadortotheinternationalfilmfestival.这位著名演员接受了担任这一国际电影节大使的邀请。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Meaning:

ZhengHehadhelpedspreadthecultureandinfluenceofChinaoveralargearea.SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

realm:n.[C]1)(literary)acountryruledbyakingorqueen王国

Therealmexperiencedrapidpopulationgrowthduringthelatterhalfofthe20thcentury.这个王国在20世纪后半叶经历了快速的人口增长。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程32)(written)ageneralareaofknowledge,activity,orthought（知识、活动、思想的）领域，范围

Overthepastthreedecades,hehasdugfurtherintherealmofChineseinkandwashpaintingandproducedmanylandscapepaintings.在过去30年，他在水墨画领域进一步探索，创作了很多山水画。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Meaning:

Butthewarinthenorthtookthemoneyformilitarypurposesawayfromtheexpensesofkeepingthefleetingoodrepair,andtheroyalcourtshifteditsfocustobuildingandexpandingtheGreatWall.SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

maintenance:n.[C]1)therepairs,painting,etc.thatarenecessarytokeepsth.ingoodcondition维护；养护；保养

Themaintenancetechniquesplayaveryimportantroleinreducinganyriskofunplanneddowntime.养护维修技术在降低意外停机风险方面发挥着重要作用。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程32)theactofmakingastateorsituationcontinue保持；维持

Thesemoveswillbeofpracticalsignificancetothemaintenanceofpeaceandstabilityinthatarea.这些举措对于维护该地区的和平和稳定具有实际意义。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

expansion:n.[C,U]anactofincreasingormakingsth.increaseinsize,amount,orimportance扩张；扩展；扩大；膨胀Thecompanysaiditwillusethenewfundstoboostproductionandmarketexpansionofitsproducts.该公司表示，它将使用新资金来促进其产品的生产和市场扩张。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Meaning:

Unavoidably,thenavydecreasedinsizeandthelarger-sizedshipswerealldestroyed.ThisisoneofthefactorsthatendthegreattimeoftheMingDynastyseavoyages.SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

epic:a.heroicandimpressiveinquality英勇的；给人深刻印象的

TheepicfilmTheBattleatLakeChangjinrecruitedmorethan12,000actorsandcrewworkers,makingitoneofthemostexpensiveChinesefilmsinrecentyears.令人印象深刻的电影《长津湖》征募了超过12,000名演职人员，使之成为近年来耗资最大的中国电影之一。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3n.[C]abook,poem,orfilmthattellsalongstoryaboutbraveactionsandexcitingevents长篇叙事性小说（或诗歌、电影）；史诗般的作品

Theepic,passeddownorallysinceancienttimes,hasnowbeentranslatedinto16differentlanguages.这部自古以口头形式流传下来的史诗作品现已被翻译成16种不同的语言。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Meaning:

Hissevenexpeditionstestedthehumanskillsandcompetencetosurviveatsea,bringinghugeimprovementsinthetechnologyofshipbuildingforlong-distancetravel,intermsoftheboats’size,complexity,andcapacityforlong-distancetravel.SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

complexity:n.[U]thestateofbeingcomplicated复杂性；错综复杂Datasecurityhasturnedintoanewissuegiventhecomplexityofthedigitaleconomy.鉴于数字经济的复杂性，数据安全已经成为了一个新问题。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

emblem:n.[C]1)sth.thatrepresentsaperfectexampleoraprinciple象征；标志

TheSilkRoadisanemblemoffriendship,communication,andcollaborationbetweenChinaandothercountries.丝绸之路是中国和其他国家之间友谊、交流和合作的象征。SectionADetailedstudyofthetext新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程32)adesignorpicturethatrepresentsacountryoranorganization（代表国家或