新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3（思政智慧版）Section B

Unit2LifestoriesGoconfidentlyinthedirectionofyourdreams.Livethelifeyouhaveimagined.—HenryDavidThoreau(Americanessayist,poet,andphilosopher)读写教程3SectionBReadingskillsDetailedstudyofthetextReading

comprehensionCollocation新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Section

BDistinguishingbetweenfactsandopinionsWhenyoureadanarticle,veryoftenyouneedtodistinguishbetweenfactsandopinions.Theabilitytorecognizethedifferencebetweenfactsandopinionscanhelpyoubetterfollowthewriter’sthinkingandreasoningprocess,andthusgainadeeperunderstandingofwhatyouread.So,whatarefactsandwhatareopinions?

Factsarestatementsthattellwhatreallyhappenedorwhatreallyisthecase,whileopinionsarestatementsofbelief,judgment,or新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3ReadingskillsSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3ReadingskillsDistinguishingbetweenfactsandopinionsfeeling.Let’stakealookatsomeexamplesfromTextA.Boththetreasureshipsandthesupportvessels–battleshipsandboatscarryinggrainandhorses–featureddividedhullswithseveralwatertightcompartments.(Para.5)Theabovesentenceissimplyadescriptionofthefeaturesofthoseships,withoutanysubjectivejudgment,andisthereforeafact.SectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3ReadingskillsDistinguishingbetweenfactsandopinionsToday,whetherpeopleviewZhengHeasanemblemofChinesediplomacyorasasymbolofthecountry’sspiritofadventureandbravery,onethingisforcertain:ZhengHeremainsoneofthegreatestexplorersinworldhistory,andthevoyagesheledstandamongthegreatwondersinthehistoryofoceannavigation,contributingsignificantlytotheprogressofhumancivilization.(Para.11)SectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3ReadingskillsDistinguishingbetweenfactsandopinionsTheabovesentenceinvolvesasubjectiveassessmentofZhengHe’sachievements,asevidencedbywordssuchasgreatestandsignificantly,andisdefinitelyanopinion.

Asyoucansee,thekeydifferencebetweenfactsandopinionsliesinthedifferencebetweenknowingandbelieving.Opinionsmaybebasedonfacts,buttheyarestillwhatpeoplethink,notwhatpeopleknow.Opinionsaredebatable;factsarenot.SectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3ReadingskillsDistinguishingbetweenfactsandopinionsItisnotalwayseasytotellanopinionfromafact.Awriteroftencombinesthetwoinsuchawaythatwedonotalwaysnoticewhereafactendsandanopinionbegins.Mixingfactsandopinions,sometimesinthesamesentence,canwinoverthereadertoaparticularpointofview.Whenfactsandopinionsaremixedinasinglestatement,youmustdecidewhetherthemainpointofthestatementisessentiallyafactoranopinion,whichcanhelpyouSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3ReadingskillsDistinguishingbetweenfactsandopinionsunderstandthestatement,eventhewholearticle,better.ThefollowingexampleisfromTextA:ZhengHespentyearsatseasailingbetweenChinaandtheeastcoastofAfrica,settingupdiplomaticrelationshipsthatwouldreshapeAsianlife.Hissevenexpeditionschallengedwhathumanscoulddoatsea,pushingthelimitsoftheirboats’size,complexity,andcapacityforlong-distancetravel.(Para.10)SectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3ReadingskillsDistinguishingbetweenfactsandopinionsTheabovestatementcombinesfactsandopinions.Youmaynoticethatthestatementincludescommentsbythewritersuchas“thatwouldreshapeAsianlife”and“challengedwhathumanscoulddoatsea”.Itmayseemlikeanopinion.Butthemainpointisstillbasedonfactslike“ZhengHespentyearsatseasailingbetweenChinaandtheeastcoastofAfrica,settingupdiplomaticSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3ReadingskillsDistinguishingbetweenfactsandopinionsrelationships”,and“pushingthelimitsoftheirboats’size,complexity,andcapacityforlong-distancetravel”.Therefore,thestatementisessentiallyastatementoffact.SectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3ReadingskillsLookatthefollowingstatementsfromTextBanddecidewhicharefacts(F)andwhichareopinions(O).

___1Oneday,AudreywasgrabbedoffthestreetbytheNazisandplacedinlinetobesenttoaworkcamp.___2Afterthewar,AudreyandhermotherlefttheNetherlandsandarrivedintheU.K.___3Audreywalkedbeautifully;shespokebeautifully.___4BecomingfamousneverchangedAudrey’sgenerousandcompassionatecharacter.FFOOSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3ReadingskillsLookatthefollowingstatementsfromTextBanddecidewhicharefacts(F)andwhichareopinions(O).

___5FriendssaidAudreyhadacompletelackofegoandacceptedandappreciatedothersastheywere.___6In1988,AudreywasappointedaGoodwillAmbassadorforUNICEFdesignedtoprovideemergencyfoodandhealthcaretochildrensufferingasaresultofwarorothercatastrophes.OFSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3ReadingskillsLookatthefollowingstatementsfromTextBanddecidewhicharefacts(F)andwhichareopinions(O).

___7She,Robby,andhertwosonsreturnedtotheirhomeinSwitzerlandfortheirlastChristmastogether.___8Evenasherlifeendedat63yearsofage,sheremainedagraciouswomanwhoperpetuallysignifiedsimplicity,charity,charm,andkindness.FOSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程31AudreyHepburnthrilledaudienceswithstarringrolesinnoteworthyfilmslikeBreakfastatTiffany’s,Sabrina,RomanHoliday,MyFairLady,WarandPeace,andAlways.AudreyHepburn–atrueangelinthisworldDetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程32Despitehersuccessinthefilmdomain,therolesshemostpreferredportrayingwerenotinmovies.ShewasanexemplarymothertohertwosonsandaUNICEF(theUnitedNationsInternationalChildren’sEmergencyFund)GoodwillAmbassadorservingvictimsinwar-torncountries.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程33AsayounggirlduringtheNazioccupationoftheNetherlands,AudreyHepburnwasawareofthebrutality,death,anddestructionofwar.Shewasmalnourished,asherfamilywasbankruptedasaresultoftheinvasion.Oneday,AudreywasgrabbedoffthestreetbytheNazisandplacedinlinetobesenttoaworkcamp.Whentheguardsglancedawayshedartedoff,barelyescaping,andhuddledinacold,foulbasementfullofrats.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程34

Thelittlegirlwhowouldbecomeoneoftheworld’smostmagicalactressesbeganasananonymous

refugee

confronting

life’shorrorsandfragilityfirsthand.Sherefusedtoallowherspirittobeafflictedbythedesperaterealityofherchildhood.Instead,shetranscendedthosechallengesbutneverforgotwhatitfeltliketosuffer,tobehungry,alone,andhelpless.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程35

Afterthewar,AudreyandhermotherlefttheNetherlandsandarrivedintheU.K.Herdreamofbecomingaprimedancerdroveherintoarigorousscheduleatafamousballetschool.Later,shewasspottedbyaproducerandeventuallylandedaroleinthefilmRomanHolidaystarringGregoryPeck,oneofHollywood’stopleadingmen.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程36

Soon,Audreywastransformedfromamalnourishedgirlintoaninternationallyfamousmoviestar.DirectorBillyWildercomplimentedher,saying,“Audreywalkedbeautifully;shespokebeautifully.”Althoughshewonmanyawardsforacting,Audreyfeltthathermostsignificantworkwashumanitarianworkforthoseinneed,andasthemothertohertwosons.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3Shesufferedthroughtwodivorcesandfromhermemoriesofthewar.Yet,Audreyneverlethersadnessovercomeherorjeopardizeherhopeforabrighterfuture.Audreyfinallymethersoulmate,RobertWolders,andspentthelast12yearsofherlifewithhim.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程37

BecomingfamousneverchangedAudrey’sgenerousandcompassionatecharacter.Shefeltadeepsenseofresponsibilitytoalleviatethesufferingofthoseinneed,especiallychildren.FriendssaidAudreyhadacompletelackofegoandacceptedandappreciatedothersastheywere.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程38

Althoughshebecameverywealthy,sheownedonlyonehomeinSwitzerland.ForAudreyitwasaparadisewhereshecouldhidefromtheworldwithherbelovedfamily,workinhergarden,andtakelongwalksinnature.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程39

In1988,AudreywasappointedaGoodwillAmbassadorforUNICEFdesignedtoprovideemergencyfoodandhealthcaretochildrensufferingasaresultofwarorothercatastrophes.Inthatrole,herlifelongpassionforhelpingthoseinneedfounditsgreatestcalling.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程310

SheturneddownthreemilliondollarstowriteherautobiographyandinsteadacceptedonedollarayearforthemoreconscientiousroleasanambassadorforUNICEF.Forsevenmonthsoutofeachofherlastfiveyears,sheandRobbyleftthepeaceandbeautyintheircozyhometoembarkon

outreachtripsintosomeofthemostdifficultplacesonearth.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3FromBangladesh,Sudan,Vietnam,Kenya,Ethiopia,CentralandSouthAmerica,toSomalia,AudreyHepburntraveledrepresentingUNICEF,makingover50emotionallydrainingandphysicallydangerousmissionsintobleakdestinationstoraiseworldawarenessofwarsanddroughts.Havingbeenavictimofwar,sheunderstoodtheblessingofbeingthebeneficiaryoffood,clothing,and,mostofall,hope.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程311

Audreyfeltitwaswickedthatbillionsofchildrenweredeprivedofsimplejoysanddrownedinoverwhelmingmisery.Shebelieveddeeplyintheideologythatallpeopleshareinthedutytocareforthoseinneed.Audreywasalwaysreadytoleadbyexample.Shesaid,“Whenyoudenychildhood,youdenylife.”ShesawUNICEF’sworkasanintegral,sacredforceinpeople’slivesandsaidofUNICEF’sresults,“Anyonewhodoesn’tbelieveinmiraclesisnotarealist.”DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程312

In1992,Audreywasstrickenbycancer.She,Robby,andhertwosonsreturnedtotheirhomeinSwitzerlandfortheirlastChristmastogether.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程313

Audrey’scherishedfriend,aworld-famousfashiondesigner,spoketoherforthelasttimejustbeforeshedied.Hesaidshewas“...sereneattheendbecausesheknewshehadachievedeverythingwithperfection”.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程314

AudreyHepburn’spassionforservicewasenduring.Evenasherlifeendedat63yearsofage,sheremainedagraciouswomanwhoperpetually

signifiedsimplicity,charity,charm,andkindness.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程315

ThemajestyofAudreyHepburn’sspiritofsocialresponsibilityanddedicationlivesoninherwords:“Remember,ifyoueverneedahelpinghand,it’sattheendofyourarm.Asyougetolder,rememberyouhaveanotherhand:Thefirstistohelpyourself,thesecondistohelpothers.”And“Forbeautifuleyes,lookforthegoodinothers;forbeautifullips,speakonlywordsofkindness;andforpoise,walkwiththeknowledgethatyouareneveralone.”DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:

AudreyHepburnplayedleadingrolesinmanyextraordinaryfilms,andsuchrolesgavegreatpleasuretopeoplewhowatchedthefilms.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

noteworthy:

a.importantorinterestingenoughtodeserveyourattention值得注意的；显著的

Thesescientistshavesteppedoutoftheirfieldsandcontributed

somethingnoteworthytothepopularliterature.这些科学家们已经走出了自己的研究领域，为通俗文学作出了显著贡献。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:

AlthoughAudreyHepburnwasasuccessfulactress,therolesshemostpreferredplayingwerenotinmovies.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

domain:

n.[C](fml.)anareaofactivity,interest,or

knowledge,esp.onethataparticularperson,organization,etc.dealswith（活动、兴趣或知识的）领域，范围，范畴TheyfollowthelatestdevelopmentswithinthedomainofEnglishstudies.他们关注英语研究领域的最新进展。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

portray:

vt.1)actthepartofacharacterinaplay,film,ortelevisionprogram扮演（角色）

ItwassaidthatPortmanstudieddancetoportrayhercharacterbetter.听说波特曼学习舞蹈是为了更好地扮演她的角色。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程32)(~sb./sth.assth.)describeorshowsb.orsth.inaparticularway,accordingtoyouropinionofthem把某人/某物描写（或表现）成某种样子

Theysayheisinnocent,andnotthemanhehasbeenportrayedasinthemedia.他们说他是无辜的，并不是媒体所描述的那样。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:

ShewasanexcellentmothertohertwosonsandalsoaUNICEFGoodwillAmbassadorprovidingservicestopeoplewhosecountriesweresufferingfromthedestructionofwar.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

exemplary:

a.excellentandprovidingagoodexampleforpeopletofollow模范的；可作楷模的Maryhadproventobeanexemplaryeducatortoherstudentsandatrustedandcherishedfriendtohercolleagues.玛丽对学生而言是一位模范教师，对同事而言是一位值得信任和珍视的朋友。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:

…AudreyHepburnknewclearlythatwariscruel,deadly,anddestructive.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

brutality:

n.[C,U]cruelandviolentbehavior,oraneventinvolvingcruelandviolenttreatment残暴行为；残暴事件Theruler’sbrutalityforcedunarmedcitizenstodefendthemselves.统治者的残暴行径迫使手无寸铁的市民进行自卫。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:

BecauseoftheNaziinvasion,herfamilybecamesopoorthatshedidnothaveenoughfoodtoeatandbecamephysicallyweakasaresult.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

malnourished:

a.weakorillbecausesb.doesnoteatenoughordoesnoteatenoughoftherightfoods营养不良的Heisparticularlyinterestedinraisingmoneytohelpmalnourishedchildrenaroundtheworld.他尤其热衷于筹集资金去帮助全球各地营养不良的儿童。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

invasion:

n.[C,U]whenthearmyofonecountryentersanothercountrybyforce,inordertotakecontrolofit侵犯；入侵；侵略Newsoftheenemyinvasionspreadpanicamongthecitizens.敌人入侵的消息在市民中引起了一片恐慌。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:

Oneday,theNazisarrestedAudreyonthestreet,andplacedhertogetherwithotherpeopletobesenttoaworkcamp.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:

Whentheguardstooktheireyesoffher,shequicklyranawayandhadanarrowescape.Thenshehidinacolddirtybasementfullofrats.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

dart:

vi.(always+ad./prep.)movesuddenlyandquicklyinaparticulardirection猛冲；飞跑Adeersuddenlydartedoutintothestreetfrominsidetheforest.一只鹿突然从森林里冲出来，跑到街上来了。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

huddle:

vi.(always+ad./prep.)lieorsitwithyourarmsandlegsclosetoyourbodybecauseyouarecoldorfrightened（因寒冷或恐惧而）蜷缩着身体Thecatcameinsidefromtherainandhuddledbehindthe

heater.猫从雨中进到屋里，蜷缩在暖炉后面。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

foul:

a.verydirty,orsmellingortastingunpleasant肮脏的；难闻的；难吃的

Evenperfumecannotmaskthefoulsmelloftheroom.即使是香水也无法掩盖这个房间难闻的味道。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:

Thoughlateroneofthemostattractiveactressesintheworld,intheverybeginning,shewasjustanunknownpersonforcedtofacetheterriblerealityandanunstablelife.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

anonymous:

a.unknownbyname无名的；不署名的Wearegratefulforthegenerousgiftsofthreeanonymousdonors.我们感谢三位匿名捐赠者慷慨的礼物。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

refugee:

n.[C]apersonwhohasbeenforcedtoleavetheircountryorhome,becausethereisawarorforpolitical,religious,orsocialreasons避难者；逃亡者；难民Internationallawrequiresthatassistancetorefugeesbecarriedoutinastrictlyhumanitarianmanner.国际法要求对难民的救助必须以严格的人道主义方式进行。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

confront:vt.1)dealwithsth.verydifficultorunpleasantinabraveanddeterminedway勇敢地面对；正视Thelongeryouneglectapotentialproblemandrefusetoconfrontyourfear,themoredevastatingthesituationcanbecome.你越是忽视潜在问题并拒绝直面恐惧，局面就可能变得越糟。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程32)(ofproblemsoradifficultsituation)appearandneedtobedealtwithbysb.（问题或困境）使···无法回避；降临于Whilewemustpayattentiontotechnologicaldevelopments,therealproblemconfrontingusisthemarketdevelopment.我们必须关注技术发展，但我们面临的真正难题是市场开发问题。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

fragility:

n.[U]thestateofbeingeasilydamaged,broken,orharmed脆弱；不稳定Thedoctorsaidthatthegirlstillsufferssleeplessnightsandemotionalfragilityandiseasilystartled.医生说这个女孩仍然失眠，情绪不稳定，且很容易受到惊吓。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:

Hopelessasherchildhoodwas,shedidnotallowthistodamageherspirit.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

afflict:

vt.(fml.)affectsb.orsth.inanunpleasantway,andmakethemsuffer使受痛苦；折磨Afflictedbyanunexplainedillness,hemissedschoolforthenexttwoweeks.由于遭受不明疾病的折磨，他接下来两周都没上课。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:

Instead,sheovercamethosedifficultiesbutalwaysrememberedthefeelingofpain,hunger,loneliness,andhelplessness.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

transcend:vt.(fml.)gobeyondtheusuallimitsofsth.超越；超过；超出Weneedtoinnovatetotranscendourpastandshapethefuture.我们需要创新以超越过往，塑造未来。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:

Torealizeherdreamofbecomingaleadingdancer,shewenttoafamousballetschoolwherethetrainingwasintense.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

rigorous:

a.1)verysevereorstrict严酷的；严厉的

Amedicalstudentneedstotakeyearsofrigoroustrainingtobecomeaqualifieddoctor.医学生需要经过多年严格的培训才能成为一名合格的医生。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程32)careful,thorough,andexact严格的；缜密的；精确的

Thejournalistshadtogatherrigorousevidencetoconfirmtheauthenticityofthedocumentbeforepublishingit.在该文件发布前，记者们必须收集确凿的证据来确认其真实性。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:

Later,afilmproducernoticedher,andshefinallygotachancetoplayaroleinthefilmRomanHolidaytogetherwiththegreatHollywoodactor,GregoryPeck.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextNoteStudentshavelearnedthewordlandbefore,butnowitmightbeworthwhiletoreviewthewordusedasaverb:

vt.(infml.)succeedingettingajob,contract,etc.thatwasdifficulttoget谋得（难得的工作、合约等）

Inhisfinalyearofcollege,hesuccessfullylandedajobonWallStreet.在大学最后一年，他成功在华尔街找到一份工作。SectionBMeaning:

Soon,Audreygrewfromagirlwhowasphysicallyweakbecauseofnothavingenoughfoodtoeattoaworldknownactress.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:

…Audreythoughthermostimportantworkwastohelppeopleinneedandtobethemotherofhertwosons.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★humanitarian:

a.(onlybeforenoun)concernedwithimprovingbadlivingconditionsandpreventingunfairtreatmentofpeople博爱的；人道主义的

Thehospitalknewtheycouldn’tchargethepatientsanymoney,butprovidedtheirservicesforhumanitarianreasons.这家医院知道他们无法向这些病人收取任何费用，但是出于人道主义原因，还是提供了医疗服务。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:

Sheexperiencedtwodivorcesandstruggledwithterriblememoriesofthewar.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★divorce:n.[C,U]thelegalendingofamarriage离婚

Afterthedivorce,hestillmaintainedclosecontactwithhischildren.离婚后，他仍然与孩子们保持着密切联系。。

v.endyourmarriagetosb.legally（与···）离婚Whywouldthesetwopeopleoncedeeplyinlovedivorceeachother?这两个曾经深爱的人为什么会离婚呢？DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:

Yet,Audreyneverallowedhersadfeelingstodefeatherortospoilherhopeforabetterfuture.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★jeopardize:

vt.risklosingorspoilingsth.important危及；危害；损害Sheheldhertongue,realizingthatangercouldonlyjeopardizetheirrelationship.她意识到生气只会损害他们的关系，于是保持沉默。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:

Althoughshebecamefamous,shewasstillagenerouspersonfilledwithsympathyforpeoplewhoweresuffering.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★compassionate:

a.feelingsympathyforpeoplewhoaresuffering充满同情心的；怜悯的

Theyareverycompassionateandalwaystrytofindawaytocheerpeopleup.他们非常具有同情心，总是想方设法让人们振作起来。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:

Shedeeplyfeltthatitwasherresponsibilitytohelpthoseinneed,especiallychildren,sothattheirsufferingmightbereducedtosomedegreethroughherefforts.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★alleviate:

vt.make(suffering,deficiency,oraproblem)lesssevere减轻，缓和（痛苦、不足或问题）

Whileimprovingthelookofurbancities,vegetationwillalsohelpalleviatethepollutioncausedbysandandduststorms.除了改善城市面貌以外，植物还将帮助减少沙尘暴污染。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:

FriendssaidAudreydidn’thaveanysenseofself-importanceandsheacceptedandappreciatedwhatotherswerelike.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSentencestructurenoteSectionA新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程1Detailedstudyofthetextastheyare（as此处用作连接词）是一个固定结构，常用在句尾，表示“照现在的情形；照现在的样子”，如果是单数事物，则需用单数人称代词和对应的动词。例如：Thewisepersonacceptsthingsastheyare.

智者接受事物当下的样子。Ilearnedlongagotofacelifeasitis,notasIwishittobe.

我早就学会要面对生活的真实状态，而不是我所期望的状态。SectionBMeaning:

HomeinSwitzerlandwasawonderfulplaceforAudrey,whereshecouldescapefromtheworldtospendtimetogetherwithherdearfamily,workinhergarden,andtakelongwalksinnature.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★paradise:

n.[C,U]aperfectplaceorsituation乐土；完美的境界；天堂Icouldn’twaittobeinHangzhou,whichMotherhaddescribedasaparadiseonearth.我迫不及待地想去杭州，母亲曾把它描绘成人间天堂。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:

In1988,AudreybecameaGoodwillAmbassadorforUNICEF.Thejobwastohelpchildrensufferingfromwarorotherdisastersbyprovidingthemwithemergencyfoodandhealthcare.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★catastrophe:

n.1)[C,U]aterribleeventinwhichthereisalotofdestruction,suffering,ordeath灾难；大祸；重大不幸

Floodingisamajorcatastrophe,whichtendstocauseheavylossoflife.洪水是一种重大灾难，往往会引起大量人员死亡。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程32)[C]aneventwhichisverybadforthepeopleinvolved麻烦；困境；不利局面

Theattempttoexpandthebusinessduringthistimeofrecessionwasacatastropheforthefirm.在这种萧条时期尝试扩展业务对这家公司而言是个麻烦。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:

Inthatrole,herlifelongpassionforhelpingthoseinneedbecameasacredduty.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextNoteInthissentence,callingisusedasanoun,meaning“astrongdesireorfeelingofdutytodoaparticularkindofwork,esp.workthathelpsotherpeople”.Forexample:Somepeoplethinkteachingisaprofession;butforme,itisacalling.有些人认为教书是一种职业，但对我来说，这是一种使命。SectionBMeaning:

Sherefusedanofferofthreemilliondollarstowritethestoryofherlife,butacceptedthemoredemandingroleasaUNICEFambassadorforonedollarayear.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:

Duringthelastfiveyearsofherlife,forsevenmonthseachyear,sheandRobbywouldleavetheircomfortablehome,whichwaspeacefulandbeautiful,totraveltosomeofthemostdifficultplacesintheworldtoprovidehelp.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

cozy:

a.(BrE

cosy)warmandcomfortable,andmakingyoufeelrelaxed温暖舒适的；温馨的Coffeehousesaretypicallycozy,whichencouragescommunicationamongststrangers.咖啡馆通常很舒适，可以促进陌生人之间的交流。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

embark:

v.goontoashiporaplane,orputortakesth.ontoashiporplane（使）上船（或飞机）；（把···）装船（或飞机）TheyoungcouplewillembarkonashipforDaliannextweek.这对年轻夫妇下周将乘船去大连。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★embarkon/uponsth.:startsth.,esp.sth.new,difficult,orexciting开始，着手（尤指新的、困难的或令人激动的事）Ihaveseenhowshegatherscouragetoembarkonalongjourneyallbyherself.我见过她是如何鼓起勇气独自开始一段远途旅行的。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★outreach:

n.[U]thepracticeofprovidinghelporadvicetopeoplewhowouldnototherwisegetiteasily外展服务；扩大范围的服务Anoutreachprogramwasstartedbythelocaluniversitytohelpchildreninthecommunityperformbetteratschool.当地的大学启动了一个扩展项目，旨在帮助社区里的孩子在学校表现得更好。DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:

AsanambassadorforUNICEF,AudreyHepburnwenttoroughplacesandaccomplishedmorethan50tasksthatwerenotonlyemotionallydemandingbutalsophysicallydangerous.Thishelpeddrawinternationalattentiontothewarsanddroughtsinthoseplaces.新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新视野大学英语（第四版）读写教程3★

bleak:

a.1)(ofaplace)exposed,empty,orwithnopleasantfeatures（地方）无遮掩的，荒凉的，索然无味的Thebleaklandscapestretchedonallsidesasfarastheeyecouldsee.