五年级上册语文期末真题及答案

五年级上册语文期末真题及答案一、基础知识积累与运用（共40分）1.下列词语中，加点字的读音完全正确的一项是（）。（3分）A.眸子（móu）嫌弃（xián）嗜好（shì）玻璃框（kuāng）B.便宜（pián）待会儿（dāi）嫉妒（jí）眸子（mú）C.韵律（yùn）镜匣（jiá）哨棒（shào）沉甸甸（diàn）D.眸子（móu）嫌弃（xián）嗜好（shì）眼睑（liǎn）2.下列词语书写完全正确的一项是（）。（3分）A.精致陪衬嫌弃恩惠B.吩咐爱慕分辨体面C.完美无缺难以置信绝口不提理直气状D.众星供月完璧归赵负荆请罪同心协力3.下列句子中，加点成语使用不恰当的一项是（）。（3分）A.这座博物馆里的藏品非常丰富，许多文物都是举世无双的稀世之宝。B.面对敌人的严刑拷打，江姐宁死不屈，表现出了大义凛然的革命气节。C.他在舞台上那滑稽的动作，引得观众哄堂大笑，大家都觉得他很有幽默感。D.两个小同学为了一点小事争得面红耳赤，互不相让，真是同心协力。4.依次填入下列横线处的关联词语，最恰当的一项是（）。（3分）______我们现在的物质生活条件比以前好多了，______我们不能忘记勤俭节约的优良传统，______要从小培养勤俭节约的习惯。A.虽然但是而且B.即使也因为C.因为所以但是D.虽然但是并且5.下列句子中没有语病的一项是（）。（3分）A.通过阅读《落花生》这篇课文，使我明白了做人的道理。B.我们要改进学习方法，增加学习效率。C.即使天气很冷，但是操场上依然有许多同学在锻炼身体。D.父亲保持着他那惯有的严峻态度，没有向儿子讲道理。6.下列句子中，标点符号使用不正确的一项是（）。（3分）A.它是精美的，它是精致的，它是完美的。B.“这怎么行？”父亲说，“做人要像花生，它虽然不好看，可是很有用。”C.我不知道他为什么要那样做？我真的很不理解。D.这里的花很多，有红的、黄的、白的、紫的，五颜六色，美丽极了。7.下列关于文学常识的表述，有误的一项是（）。（3分）A.《白鹭》是郭沫若先生的一篇散文，他用优美的语言描绘了白鹭的外形和神韵。B.《落花生》的作者是许地山，文章通过写花生告诉我们“人要做有用的人，不要做只讲体面，而对别人没有好处的人”。C.《桂花雨》是琦君的一篇散文，文章借桂花雨表达了作者对故乡的思念之情。D.《珍珠鸟》的作者是老舍，文章生动地描写了珍珠鸟在“我”的照料下与“我”逐渐建立信任的过程。8.根据课文内容填空。（每空1分，共10分）（1）白鹭是一首精巧的诗。色素的______，身段的______，一切都很适宜。（2）花生的好处很多，有一样最可贵：它的果实______，不像桃子、石榴、苹果那样，把______的果实高高地挂在枝头上，使人一见就生______之心。（3）信赖，往往创造出美好的______。（4）_______________，非是藉秋风。（虞世南《蝉》）（5）姑苏城外寒山寺，_______________。（张继《枫桥夜泊》）（6）_______________，天下谁人不识君。（高适《别董大》）（7）莫等闲，_______________，空悲切。（岳飞《满江红》）9.词语积累与运用。（6分）（1）写出三个描写“秋天”的四字词语：______、______、______。（3分）（2）写出三个带有“马”字的成语：______、______、______。（3分）10.综合性学习。（3分）班级正在开展“节约用水”主题班会，请你设计一条节约用水的宣传标语，并简要说明设计意图。宣传标语：______________________________________________________设计意图：______________________________________________________二、句子与语言运用（共15分）11.按要求写句子。（8分）（1）白鹭实在是一首诗，一首韵在骨子里的散文诗。（改为反问句）（2分）_______________________________________________________________________（2）父亲说：“这是我对你们的希望。”（改为转述句）（2分）_______________________________________________________________________（3）这里的景色太美了，怎能不让人流连忘返呢？（改为陈述句）（2分）_______________________________________________________________________（4）扩写句子，至少扩两处。（2分）风吹过树林。_______________________________________________________________________12.修改病句。（在原句上修改）（4分）（1）造纸术是我国古代的四大发明。（2）他的作业本上有很多红墨水。13.口语交际。（3分）你的好朋友小明最近沉迷于网络游戏，学习成绩明显下降。作为他的好朋友，你打算如何劝说他？请把你想对他说的话写下来。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________三、阅读理解（共25分）（一）课内阅读（10分）阅读《搭石》选段，回答问题。家乡有一句“紧走搭石慢过桥”的俗语。搭石，原本就是天然石块，踩上去难免会晃动，走得快才容易保持平衡。人们走搭石不能抢路，也不能突然止步。如果前面的人突然停住，后边的人没处落脚，就会掉进水里。每当上工、下工，一行人走搭石的时候，动作是那么协调有序！前面的抬起脚来，后面的紧跟上去。嗒嗒的声音，像轻快的音乐；清波漾漾，人影绰绰，给人画一般的美感。经常到山里的人，大概都见过这样的情景：如果有两个人面对面同时走到溪边，总会在第一块搭石前止步，招手示意，让对方先走；等对方过了河，两人再说上几句家常话，才相背而行。假如遇上老人来走搭石，年轻人总要伏下身子背老人过去，人们把这看成理所当然的事。14.从文中找出下列词语的近义词。（2分）平衡——（）假如——（）15.联系上下文，理解“理所当然”的意思。（2分）_______________________________________________________________________16.文中画线的句子运用了______的修辞手法，把______比作______，生动形象地写出了______。（4分）17.从选段第二自然段描写的两个情景中，你体会到了乡亲们怎样的美好情感？（2分）_______________________________________________________________________（二）课外阅读（15分）阅读下文，回答问题。父亲的“名片”父亲是个老实巴交的农民，一辈子面朝黄土背朝天，除了种地，别的什么都不会。因为家里穷，父亲没上过学，不识字，连自己的名字都不会写。在父亲看来，识字没什么用，只要有力气，能干活，能吃饱饭就行。父亲虽然不识字，但他有一张特殊的“名片”，这张“名片”不是用纸做的，也不是用金做的，而是用他的行动做成的。有一年，村里修路，需要占用一些村民的地。父亲的地也在其中。村干部找到父亲，跟他商量占用土地的事。父亲二话没说，满口答应。村干部说：“占用你的地，村里会给你一些补偿的。”父亲摆摆手说：“修路是为大家方便，我占点地算什么，还要什么补偿？快别说了，只要路修好了，大家出行方便了，我就高兴了。”村干部听了，感动得不知说什么好。还有一次，父亲在集市上买东西，捡到一个钱包。钱包里有不少钱，还有身份证和几张银行卡。父亲想，失主一定很着急。于是，他就在集市上等，一直等到天黑，也没有等到失主。父亲只好把钱包带回了家。第二天一大早，父亲又来到集市上等，终于等到了失主。失主非常感激，拿出一沓钱要感谢父亲。父亲坚决不收，说：“这钱是你丢的，我捡到了还给你，这是应该的，哪能要你的钱呢？”失主感动得热泪盈眶，非要问父亲的名字，说以后一定好好报答。父亲笑了笑，说：“不用了，不用了，这点小事不值一提。”说完，转身就走了。父亲就这样，用他的朴实和善良，在村里赢得了极好的口碑。无论谁家有事，只要父亲知道，都会主动去帮忙。父亲常说：“帮别人就是帮自己，谁家没有个难处呢？”父亲没有纸做的名片，也没有金做的名片，但他那张用行动做成的“名片”，却比任何名片都珍贵，都响亮。这张“名片”，写满了诚实、善良、无私和乐于助人。这张“名片”，将永远镌刻在我的心中。18.联系上下文，解释文中加点词语“口碑”的意思。（2分）口碑：______________________________________________________19.短文通过哪两件具体事例来表现父亲的美好品质？请简要概括。（4分）（1）______________________________________________________（2）______________________________________________________20.文中画线的句子“父亲就这样，用他的朴实和善良，在村里赢得了极好的口碑”在文中起什么作用？（3分）_______________________________________________________________________21.为什么说父亲的“名片”比任何名片都珍贵，都响亮？（3分）______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________22.读了这篇短文，你认为父亲是一个怎样的人？（3分）_______________________________________________________________________四、习作（共30分）23.题目：我的心爱之物要求：每个人都有自己心爱的东西，它可能是一个玩具，一本书，一件工艺品，或者是一个植物、动物等。请以“我的心爱之物”为题，写一篇习作。内容要具体，语句要通顺，感情要真实。字数不少于450字。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________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