陕西靖边中学2024级2025-2026学年高二第二学期开学收心考试英语试卷（含解析含听力原文无音频）

4．WhatdoesthewomanthinkATheAgeofExplorationwasaperiodwhenadventurerssetouttofpursuitthatfundamentallyreshapedhumanity’sgeographicalunderstandingoftheplanet.HerearefourkeyfiguresfromdifferentnationswhosediscoverieLeadingtheLewisandClarkExpedition(航行)(1804-1806),thisAmericaappointedbyPresidentThomasJeffersontomapthenewlyacquiredLouisianaTerritory.HisteamjourneyedfromtheMississippiRivertothePacific,documentingnewspeciesandestablishingrelationswithNativetribes(部落).ThisjourneyopenedtheAmericanWesttosettlement,connectingthenationfromcoasttSailingforSpain,thisPortugueseexplorerorganglobein1519.Thoughhewasvoyagein1522.Thishistoricjourneyprovedtheworldwasround,linkedtheworld’srevealedthevastnessofthePacific.JamesCookThisBritishnavalcaptainledthreegroundbreakingvoyagesacrosst18thcentury.HemappedtheeasterncoastofAustralia,chartedNewZexplorednumerousPacificislands.Cook’saccuratemappingsandscientexpandedEuropeanknowledgeofthePacificregionandestablishednewconnectionsbetweeninAsia.HisdetailedaccountsofAsiancultures,technologies,andwealthintroducedEuropeanstoapreviouslyunknownworld.Hisbook,TheTravelsofMarcoPolo,inspiredgenerationsoffutureexplorersandhelpedbridgetheculturaldividebetweentheEastandthA．ThegeographyoftheSilkRoad.22．Whichexplorermappedtheeasterncoas23．WhatdothefourexC．TheirjourneyspromotedBWaltDisney’svisionofcreating“TheHappiestPlaceonEarth”forfamiliesrevolutionizedtheamusementparkindustryandhiscompanynowhassixresorparksworldwide.DisneylandinAnaheim,Californiaisthefirstresortintheworld.AccordinEntertainmentAssociation,Disneylandnowranksastheworld’ssecond—mostvisitedpark,closelybehindDisneyWorldinFloridaTheparkwasbuiltonwhatwasonceanorangeforestinAnaheim,justoutsideLAngeles.Itopenedontheopeningdaywasfamouslyadisaster.Theparkopenedjustayeartheshoesoftheguestssankintothemuddyland.Thereweren’tenoughrestroomsinAmongtheoriginalridesstillaroundtodayaretheMadTeOvertheyears,theparkhashostedUSpresidents,kingsandqueens,andcelebrities.AfewevengottheirstartatJungleCruiseandcomedianSteveMartiperformer.WhileDisneylandstillfeaturesmanyofthetouchesWaltDisneyoversawhimself,theoriginalparkisever-evolving.Someofthemoveshavebeenmadetokeepupwithachangsociety,whileothershavebeenmadetointroducemorethrillingattractionswittechnologytokeepupwithcompetitors.TheresortinAnaheimnowincludesDisneyCalifoAdventureandDowntownDisney,ashoppingandentertainmen24．Whatdoestheunderlinedw25．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesDisneyl27．WhatisthelastparagraphmCInMyanmar’sAyeyarwadyRiver,thereisagroupofIrrawaddydolphinsthatarebest-knownforgivingaspecialsignal—awaveoftheirtail—rightbeforethefisnets.Theyevenpassedthisskillontotheir“Thisisaprettyrarephenomenonintermsofhumanandwildlifecooperation.So,we’redolphinexpert.“It’salessontohumanityaboutourrelationshipwithwildlife.”TheIrrawaddydolphinshaveanotherless-knowntrick:Theyspitwater.It’snotjusfun,though.TheyuseittodreventhinktheymightdoittoimpressapotentTheIrrawaddydolphinsareoneoftheonlysixcanalsoinhabitcoastalwaters—aqualitypartsofcoastalwatersofSouthandSoutheastAsia,aswellasthreespecificrivers:theMeCambodia,theMahakaminIndonesia,andtheAyeyarwawholeislistedasendangeredbytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN),thepopulationsinthesethreeriversareconsideredcriticallyendTheseriversandcoastalareasthreatsfrompollution,habitatloss,coal-carryingships,andillegalelectrowhichfisherssendelectriccurrentsthroughthewatertokillfish.Electrodramaticallyreducesthefishpopulationsthatdolphinsrelyon,bu“Withouturgentaction,thesecooperative,curiouscreaturescoulddisappearforever,muchliketheYangtzedolphins,whichdisappearedfromChina’swatersin20efforts,aswellasMexico’sVaquD．Toremindthefishersoftheirpresence.29．Whatcanbelearnedaboutthe30．WhatdoestheauthorintendtoDKidswhoarestarsseldomgrowuptobpublishedThursdayinthejournalScience.Theresearchersexamineddatafromnearly35,000adultsintwodozensofpreviouspublishedstudiesandfoundtherewasjusta10%overlap(重-performingadults,suchasOlympicchampions,renownedcomposers,andNo“Therearethoseyoungtopperformerswholaterbecomeworld-classperformersatpeakperformanceage,”saidArneGüllich,co-authorofthepaper.“Buttheseartherule.”Theresearchersdefinedpeakyearsasbeingandbetweenages40and50forscienceThenewanalysisalsochallengedideasthatexcellencecomesfromhoursoearlytraining,orthe“10,000-hourrule”popularizedbyMalcolmGladwell.Therulesuggapersonneedsabout10,000hoursofpracticetoachie“Manypeoplemakedecisionsforthemselvesortheirchildrenbasedontheseideas,suchasstartingtheirchildearlyinasportoramusicalinstrumentwiththTigerWoodsorYo-YoMa,”saidArneGüllich.“Howworld-classperformersdoarangeofactivitieswhentheywereyoung—withfewerpracticehoursintheirspecificdisciplinebutmoretimeinotheractivities.”FredOswald,apsychologistatRiceUniversitywhowasn’tinvolvedinthfindingswereinformative,buttheimplicationsforadvisingindividualsareuncleathere’sakeytakeaway:Encouragekidstopursueavarietyofinterestsratherthanspecializingearly,”hesaid.“Evidencesuggeststhatengagingthesweetspot.Soit’sunwimusic.”32．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“prodigies33．AccordingtoMalcol34．Whatisafeatureofthetop-performB．TheyoftenhaveavaA．AllowtheirkidstostB．PuttoppriorityonacoupleC．EncouragetheirkidstoselectD．SignuptheirkidsfoOlderpeoplewhoareparticularlyatriskofAlzheimer’s(阿尔茨海默病)diseasecouldslowtheircognitive(认知)declinebytakingjust3,000stepsaday._belinkedtotheimpactofregularexerciseoninflammation(炎症)orbloodflowtothebPreviousstudiesthatlinkregularexercisetoreducedcognitivedeclinehavemospeoplerecallingtheiractivitylevelsbuthaverarelyexploredwhystayingactivemayhaveteffect.Toaddresssuchlimitations,Wai-YingWendyYauatHarvardUnico-workersanalysedthephysicalactivityof296cognitivelyhealthypeople,whoworestep-trackingdevicesforoneweektoobjectivelymeasuretheiractivitylevels.___37___Mostoftheparticipantshadtheirbrainimagedtorevealtheirbaselinelevelsofmisfoldedproteinscalledtau(tau蛋白)andbeta-amyloid,gatheringofwhichisthoughttocauseAlzheimer’s.participantsalsocompletedannualcognitiveteststhatassessedthingsliketheiquicklytheyprocessedinformation.___38___Theyfoundthat,amongtheparticipaabove-averagelevelsofmisfoldedbeta-amyloidintheirbrainatthestart,takingbetween3,000and5,000stepsperdayseemedtogreatlyslowthebuild-upofmisfoldedtaubeta-amyloid.“___39___Thisactivitylevelshowed54%slowercognitivedeclinethaninactivity,”saysTheresearchersdidn’texploreexactlyhowregularexercisemayhavetheseecouldbeduetophysicalactivityreducinginflammation._G．Walking5,000to7WhatstartedasapeacefuldayoffforSarasotaCoudramaticlife-savingmission.OnMay30,Lacywas_________hisleisuretimeatVenwhenhenoticedapersonrushingtowardtheoceancarryingflotationmessageappearedonhisphone,_________himofanongoingwaterrescue.Withoutamoment’shesitation,theoff-dutylifeguardspranginto_________.Lacy’sprofessionalsense_________immediately.Hejumpedintothewaterandswamover150yardsfromshore,wheretwoswimmerswerecauthegreatestthreatstobeachgoers.Hefirstreachedawomanwhowas_________toCalmingherasmuchaspossible,he_________hersafelybacktothesand.Buttheovercomewith_______,notforherownsafety,butforherhusband,whoremainedtrapproughwater.“Shewasanxious,saying,‘Myhusband’sdying,’”Lacylaterrecalled._________tosavetheman,Lacyturnedaroundandswameven_________—between200and300yahespottedtheexhausted(疲惫的)swimmer.Hecarefully_________themanohimstayafloat,andthen_________andsteadilypulledhimOncebothswimmerswereonland,VeniceFireRescuearrivedt_________.TheSarasotaCountySheriff’sOfficeAviationUnit______above.Thisvideoprovidesastrikingreminderofhowoneperson’squickthinkingand_________canmakeallthedifferSinceNovember5,theInkaMuseuminCuzco,Peru,hasheldtheexhibition“LSun:ADialogueBetweenAncientShuandIncaCivilizations”culturaltreasures.Ondisplayarecopiesand3D-printedversionsof___57___(objectChina’sancientShukingdom,suchasgiantbronzet(文物).BothculturesshareexhibitionapowerfulvehicleforculturalThisisnotthefirstcross-culturalevent.In2016,tomark___59___45thanniversaryofChina-Perudiplomatic(外交的)relations,ovethousandsofvisitorseager___60___(see)relicsliketheTerracottaWarriors.Inrecentyears,ChinesemuseumshavealsohostedPeruvianrelicexhibitions.A2021jointshow___61___(tour)fiveChines14PeruvianmuseumsprovedhighlypopularinChengdu___62___Shenzhen,attracmillionvisitorsintotal.ThePeruvianPresidentevenvisitedtTheseexchangescan___63___(deep)mutualunderstandingandhelppeopler___64___(share)culturalroots.Theyhighlightthevitalroleculturalinteractionplays___65___bridgingdistantcivilizationsandstrengtheningtiesbetweenChinaandPThePowerofBodyLanguageIheldmypursetightlyasIrushedintomyneighborhoodStarbucks.Therichsmefreshlymadecoffeefilledtheair,butIpaidnoattentionmyeyeswerelimitededitionbearcupsshouldhavebeen.Butitwasempty!“Doyouhaveanymoreofthosebearcupsinthewarehouse?”Iasked,leaningforward.Thatcupwasformysickniece,who’dbeenbeggingTheserver,ayoungwomanwithanametagreading“Lilsmile.“I’msosorry,ma’am.They’resellingveryfshipment.We’llhaveanewdeliveryonFriday,though.Icansetoneasideforyou.”Mypatiencebroke.Ihitmyhandonthecounterandsaid,“voicewasloud,drawinglooksfromeverycornerofthestore.“thisistheninthStarbucksI’vebeentotoday!Nine.Anonlineforhundredsofdollars!You’reholdingthembacktoresell,aren’tyou?!”Lila’ssmilefaded,buthervoicestayedsteady.“MaThelastthingIwantistobringaStarbuckscfirst-served.EvenregularcuOurlemonloafjustcameoutwarm.”Angermademycheeksburn.“Forgetit!”Ihitbothhandsonthecounterharderturnedaroundandrushedout.Thedoorbellrangsharplybehwashedoverme—I’dtotallyoverreacted,butIwassodespThenextday,Igatheredthecouragetoreturn,determin _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____Threedayslater,mypho【原文】W:Mr.Smith,Ican’topenthekiM:I’mnotsurehowIcanhelpyou.May【原文】M:Youarethinnerthanyouusedtobe,aren’tyou?【原文】M:Atfirst,thepolicemandidn’tbelievemewhenIsaidthetruckdriverranthbeforehittingmycar.Butthere’savideo.W:Oh,inthatcase,he’sgoingtohaveto【原文】M:What’sgoingon?Thetapjustdropswater.【原文】W:Momhasbeenlookingeverywhereforthatbooktoday,Dad.【原文】W:CouldIcleartheseplatesandgetthemoutofyourway?M:Sure,we’realldone.Pleasegettherestofthatinabagandwe’lltakeitawaylater.W:Noproblem.Andthesearedrinksforyou.Coffee,M:Juice,please.Justthecheckforme,thanks.DoyouacceptpersonalcheW:Sorry,I’mafraidwedon’t.WeM:IonlyhaveaDiscovW:There’soneaboutthreeblocksaway,butyou’llneedtoleavesom【原文】M:Hi,Isawyourapartmentonthewebsite.I’dM:Howabout9:00amtomorrowmW:9:00amtomorrowisfine.Buttherearsooneryoucancome,M:Iunderstand,butIwon’tbefreeuntilthattime.WhereshouldImeetW:Meetmeonthefirstfloorofthebuilding.Whatisyourname?【原文】M:Hi!Howareyou?W:I’mgood,thanks.SurpM:Yes.RecentlyI’vebeenwatchingSuits.It’slike...it’saM:Don’tyouknowthatdogsaren’tallowedinhere?You’llbeW:Youareright.I’dbetterleavethepaM:Wait,I’llcomewithyou.W:Oh!Whathappenedtoyourjeans?Thebackofthemiscoveredinbrownpaint!M:Ohno!HowdidthathW:Hmm,Iguessyoudidn’tseethewarningsigntouch!”【原文】W:Let’sgotogetacoM:Sure,whynot?I’vejustfinishedmyreport,andIhavehalfanhouruntilthenextmeeting.W:Right.Well,whatdoyouthinkofyournewjobsofar?M:It’sveryinteresting.WhatIlikemostisthatIW:Iagree.We’reluckytohaveourjobs.M:Yeah.I’mworkingincomputermodeling,andIdiscoverhowtodothinbeimpossibleinthepast.W:Youknow,Iwasworkingasashoyearsago.WhatdidyoudobeforethM:IworkedinthelibraryafterIgraduated.Thatway,Ihadtimetop【原文】W:Yes,youcanaffordtogoskiThat’sbecausemoreandmorepeoplefinditjusteasytobookalast-minuteskitriptonlinebookingplatfoforawholeweek.TotakeyourdreFirst,choosingtherighttimeofyeartoplanyourtripcouldmakeabigdifferencetotheoverallcost.Whileyoumightthinkthattravelingduringterm-timeiskareactuallycheaperoffersfortheSecond,youmaythinkthattheearlybirdshavealreadycnewskiseason.Infact,websiteslikeSunweboffercompetitivwithinjustsixweeksoftravel.Lastly,whenitcomestopackingproperlyforthesnow,remembefashion—it’saboutbeingdocumentingnewspeciesandestablishingrelationswithNativetribes.(他的22．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“HemappedtheeasterncoastofAustraliZealand’scoastline,andexplorednumerousPacificislands.(他绘制了澳大利亚东海岸thenationfromcoasttocoast.(这次旅程开拓了美国西部的定居点，将这个国家从东海岸连接起来)”、第三段“Thishistoricjourneyprovedtheworldwasround,linkedtheworld’soceans(这次历史性的旅程证明了地球是圆的，连接了世界各大洋)”、第四段“Cook’saccurmappingsandscientificobservationsgreatlyexpandedEuropeanknowledgeofthePacificregionandestablishednewconnectionsbetweenEuropeandtheSouthPac系)”和第五段“Hisbook,TheTravelsofMarcoPolo,inspiredgenerationsoffutureexplorersandhelpedbridgetheculturaldividebetweentheEastandtheWest.(他的著作《马可·波罗游24．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“DisneylandinAnaheim,Calworld.AccordingtotheThemedEntertainmentAssociation,Disneylandnowranksastheworlsecond—mostvisitedthemepark,closelybehindDisneyWorldinFlorida,whichopenedinhisattentiontodetail,theopeningdaywasfamouslyadisaster.Thepitsgroundbreakingandtheshoesoftheguestssankintothemuddyland.尽管沃尔特·迪士尼以注重细节而闻名，但开业当天却遭遇了严重饮料也供应不足)”可知，迪士尼乐园的开业PeterPan’sFlightandtheJungleCrui27．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“WhileDisneylandstillfeaturesmanyofthetoucoversawhimself,theoriginalparkisever-evolving.Someofthemoveshavebeenmadetokeupwithachangingsociety,whileothershavebeenmadetointroducemorethrilliwiththelatesttechnologytokeepupwithcompetitors.TheresortinAnaheimnowincluDisneyCaliforniaAdventureandDowntownDisney,ashoppingandentert28．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“InMyanmar’sAyeyarwadyRiver,thereiIrrawaddydolphinsthatarebest-knownforgivingaspecialsignal—awaveoftheirtabeforethefishersshouldcastnets.(在缅甸的伊洛瓦底江，有一群伊洛瓦底江海豚，它们最出巴是为了提醒渔民可以撒网，也就是示意渔民开始工作29．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“TheIrrawaddydolphincanliveinfreshwater.Butthespecies.(伊洛瓦底江海豚是仅有的六种能在淡水中activity,sotheyfaceseriousthreatsfrompolluticoulddisappearforever,muchliketheYangtzedolphins,whichdisapin2006,despiteconservationefforts,aswindividuals,”warnsSmith.(史密斯警告说：“心的生物可能会永远消失。就像白鱀豚，尽管人们努力保护，却还是在200threeriversareconsideredcriticallyendadozensofpreviouslypublishedstudiesandfoundtherewasjusta10%overlap(childprodigiesandhigh-performingadults,suchasOlympicchampions,reandNobelprizewinners.(研究人员检查了此前发表的几十项研究中近3.5万名成年人的数据，发现儿童prodigies与奥运冠军、著名作曲家和诺贝尔奖获得者等高成33．细节理解题。根据第五段中“Thenewanalysisalsofromhoursofspecializedearlytraining,orthe“10,000-hourrule”popularizedbyMalcolmGladwell.Therulesuggeststhatapersonneedsabout10,000hoursomastery.(这项新分析还对优秀源于长时间的专业早期训练，或马尔科姆·格拉德威尔通)”可知，马尔科姆·格拉德威尔认为掌握34．细节理解题。根据第六段中“Howdoarangeofactivitieswhentheywereyoung—withfewerpracticehoursintheirspecificdisciplinebutmoretimeinotheractivities.(然而，我们的研究表明，成年世这项新研究，高成就成年人的一个特点是他avarietyofinterestsratherthanspecializingearly,”hesaid.“Evidencesuggestwoadditionalareastothemainpossible,likesamplingalltheinstrumentsinmusic.”(“不过，有一点至关重要：要鼓励孩子们广泛发展各种兴趣，而非过早地专注于某一项。”他说道。“有证据表明试学习所有音乐乐器那样。”)”可知，弗雷德·奥斯瓦尔德可能会建议【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究发现每日走3000步可36．由上文“OlderpeoplewhoareparticularlyatriskofAlzheimer’scouldslowtheircognitive(认知)declinebytakingjust3,000stetotheimpactofregularexerciseo出了后文对原因的推测，能承上启下，符合37．由上文“Toaddresssuchlimitations,Waico-workersanalysedthephysicalactivityof296cognitivelyhealthypeople,whoworestep-trackingdevicesforoneweektoobjectivelymeasuretheiractivitylev限性，哈佛大学的Wai-YingWendyYau和她的同事们分析了296名认知健康者的身体活动研究对象的信息，D选项“Thesepeoplewere90岁之间)”中的“Thesepeople”对应前文的“296c38．由后文“Theyfoundthat,amongtheparticipantswithabove-averagebeta-amyloidintheirbrainatthestagreatlyslowthebuild-upofmisfoldedtau,butnotbeta-amyloid.(他们发现，在初始阶段脑内错错误折叠tau蛋白的积累，但对β-淀粉样蛋白没有影响)”可知，本空需要引出研究的结果，后文的“Thisactivitylevel”，清晰衔40．由上文“Theresearchersdidn’texploreexactlyhowregularbutitcouldbeduetophysicalactivityreducinginflammation.(研究人员没有确切探究规律运动促进脑部的血液流动)”中的“also”承接前文的“duetophysicalactivityreducinginflammation”，【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述萨拉索到一个人带着漂浮装置冲向大海。A.serving服务enjoying享受。根据上文“apeacefuldayoff”可知，场水上救援。A.blaming责备；B.informing通知；C.convincing说服；D.suspecting怀疑。43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这名休班救生员毫不犹豫地立即行动起来。A.action行动；B.life生命；C.attack攻击；D.cleanup清理。根据上文“Withoutamoment’化的；C.warm温暖的；D.powerful强劲的。根据下文“oneofthegreatestthreatsbeachgoers”可知，这股激流的“力量很大planning计划；B.pretending假装；C.struggswimmerswerecaughtina___5___current”及下文“stayafloat”可独。根据下文“notforherownsafety,butforherhusband,whoremainedtrappedinwater”及“Shewasanxious,saying,‘——游了200到300码——直到发现那个筋疲力尽的游泳者。A.Embarrassed尴尬的；B.50．考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他小心翼翼地让男子仰卧在水面上以帮助他保持漂浮状态，positioned放置、使处于特定姿势。根据“onhisbacktohelphimstayafloat”可知，Lac