教学材料《计算机》-1-1 Computer Overview

1-1ComputerOverviewIntroduction:TheapplicationofcomputersisbecomingmorecommoninChina.Afterthereformandopening-up,thenumberofChinesecomputeruserscontinuestorise,andlevelofapplicationhasbeenimprovingcontinuously,especiallyinmanyapplicationfieldswheregoodresultshavebeenyieldedsuchastheInternet,communication,multimediaetc.导读：计算机的应用在中国越来越普遍，改革开放以后，中国计算机用户的数量不断攀升，应用水平不断提高，特别是互联网、通信、多媒体等领域的应用取得了不错的成绩。Keywords:Internet[ˈɪntənet]n.因特网；互联网communication[kəˌmju:nɪˈkeɪʃn]n.通信Expandedvocabulary:application[ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn]n.应用multimedia[ˌmʌltiˈmi:diə]n.多媒体；adj.多媒体的1-1ComputerOverviewAcomputerisacomputingmachineusedforelectronichighspeedcalculation.Ithasthefollowingfunctions:numerical

calculation,logicalcalculationandmemory-storage；计算机俗称电脑，是一种用于高速计算的电子计算机器，既可以进行数值计算，又可以进行逻辑计算，还具有存储记忆功能。Expandedvocabulary:electronic[ɪˌlekˈtrɒnɪk]n.电子；adj.电子的calculation[ˌkælkjuˈleɪʃn]n.计算logical[ˈlɒdʒɪkl]adj.逻辑的memory[ˈmeməri]n.记忆；内存；存储器storage[ˈstɔ:rɪdʒ]n.存储1-1ComputerOverviewThecomputerisamodernintelligentelectronicdevice,whichcanprocessthemassivedataautomaticallyandrapidlywiththeprocedures.Itconsistsofhardware

systemandsoftwaresystem.3/92它是能够按照程序运行，自动、高速处理海量数据的现代化智能电子设备。由硬件系统和软件系统所组成。Keywords:data[ˈdeɪtə]n.数据；adj.数据的software[ˈsɒftweə(r)]n.软件；adj.软件的hardware[ˈhɑ:dweə(r)]n.硬件；adj.硬件的Expandedvocabulary:process[ˈprəʊses]n.过程；vt.处理procedures[prə'si:dʒəz]n.程序1-1ComputerOverviewTheapplicationofcomputerhaspenetratedintoeveryfieldofsociety,impellingthesocialdevelopment.ScientificComputing:Scientificcomputingistheearliestapplication.Thecomputerhastheabilityofhigh-speedoperation,largestorage

capacityandcontinuousoperation,bywhichwecansolvevariousscientificcalculationproblemswhichcannotbesolvedonlybypeople.计算机的应用已渗透到社会的各个领域，推动着社会的发展。科学计算：科学计算是计算机最早的应用领域。利用计算机的运算速度高、存储容量大和连续运算的特点，可以解决人工无法完成的各种科学计算问题。Expandedvocabulary:operation[ˌɒpəˈreɪʃn]n.操作；运行capacity[kəˈpæsəti]n.容量1-1ComputerOverviewTranslation:Machinetranslationeliminatestheestrangementbetweendifferentcharactersandlanguages.Multimedia:Integrating

text,audio,video,animation,graphicsandimagesandothermediahasbecomeanewthingnamedmultimedia.ComputerNetwork:Weovercometheobstaclebetweenthetimeandspaceincommunicationbycomputernetwork.翻译：机译消除了不同文字和语言间的隔阂。多媒体：人们把文本、音频、视频、动画、图形和图像等各种媒体综合起来，构成一种全新的概念—“多媒体”

。网络：计算机在网络方面的应用使人类之间的交流跨越了时间和空间障碍。Keywords:text[tekst]n.文本；文字video[ˈvɪdiəʊ]adj.视频的；n.录像；image[ˈɪmɪdʒ]n.图像network[ˈnetwɜ:k]n.网络;adj.网络的Expandedvocabulary:eliminate[ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt]vt.消除；去除integrate[ˈɪntɪgreɪt]vt.使结合；使一体化audio[ˈɔ:diəʊ]n.音频;声卡

animation[ˌænɪˈmeɪʃn]n.动画；adj.动画的graphics[ˈgræfɪks]n.图形；图案1-1ComputerOverviewTherearemanymarketneedsduetothepowerfulfunctionofcomputer,sothecomputershouldbecomeminiaturization,networking,becomingintelligentandgiantinfuture.计算机强大的应用功能，产生了巨大的市场需要，未来计算机性能应向着微型化、网络化、智能化和巨型化的方向发展。OralpracticeBill:Hi,Ellen!Couldyoutellmewhatacomputeris?Ellen：Thecomputerisamodernintelligentelectronicdevice,whichcanprocessthemassivedataautomaticallyandrapidlywiththeprocedures.Bill：Whatcanwedousingthecomputer?Ellen：Wecancomputedatum,translatesomething,communicatewitheachother,multimediaandsoon.Butcanyougivemeanexampleabouttheapplicationofcomputers?Bill:Ofcourse!ThePPTusedbyteachersinclassisanapplicationofmultimedia.Ellen:Yeah!It’sgood!Bill:Thankyouforcommunicatingwithme!Ellen:Youarewelcome!ExercisesChoices：1.QQis

.A.hardwareB.softwareC.audioD.network2.Whichapplicationofcomputerscanhelpus,ifwewanttocommunicatewithforeigners?A.translationB.computingC.multimediaD.others3.

canhelpussolvevariousscientificcalculationproblems.A.multimediaB.networkC.computingD.HardwareExercises4.The

isoutputdevice.A.keyboardB.mouseC.screenD.disk5.Wecaninputthewordsbytypingthe.A.keyboardB.mouseC.screenD.diskExercisesTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese:1.Thecomputercanrunrapidly.2.Whatsoftwaredoyouknow?3.Thedatacanbetransmittedfromyourtelephonetothecompute