2025-2026学年广东省大湾区高三下学期模拟测试(一)英语试题

2025-2026学年广东省大湾区高三下学期模拟测试(一)英语试题本卷共8页，分三部分，满分120分。考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、考场号、座位号和准考证号填写在答题卡上，将条形码横贴在答题卡“条形码粘贴处”。2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上将对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AGuidetoPreparingforCollegeWhilethereisnosingleacademicpathforallstudentstofollow,wewanttohelpyoumakechoicesthatwillleadyoutoasuccessfulcollegecareer.Awell-roundededucationAgoodhighschooleducationshoulddomorethanprepareyouforthenextlevelofeducationorforlateremployment—itshouldprepareyoutotakeadvantageoffuturelearningopportunitiesofallkinds.Youshouldgainparticularskillsandinformationaswellasabroadperspectiveontheworldanditspossibilities.ChoosinghighschoolcoursesBytakingthemostacademicallydemandingcoursesyoucanfind,youcanimprovebothyourchanceofadmissiontoaselectivecollegeandyourperformanceduringthefirstyearsofcollege.Werecommend:●ThestudyofEnglishforfouryears:extensivereadingoftheclassicsoftheworld’sliterature●Fouryearsofasingleforeignlanguage●Thestudyofhistoryforatleasttwoyears,andpreferablythreeyears●Thestudyofmathematicsforfouryears*●Thestudyofscienceforfouryears:physics,chemistry,andbiology,andpreferablyoneoftheseatanadvancedlevelVariousimportantsecondaryschoolsubjects,suchasartandmusic,arenotspecificallymentionedinourrecommendations.Leavingoutthesesubjectsshouldnotbeinterpretedasavaluejudgment.Weareconcernedonlywithsecondaryschoolsubjectsprovenbydatatosupportcollegecoursework.*Ideally,mathcoursesshouldfocusonconceptualunderstanding,promotehigher-orderthinking,andencouragestudentstousemathematicalreasoningtocriticallyexaminetheworld.Examplesincludecoursesincomputerscience,statisticsanditssubfields,mathematicalmodeling,calculus,andotheradvancedmathsubjects.1.Whichwordcanbestdescribeagoodhighschooleducationaccordingtothisguide?A.Expert-guided. B.Career-centered. C.All-round. D.Multi-skilled.2.Whatisthegoaloftherecommendedfour-yearstudyofmathematics?A.Todevelopadvancedthinking. B.Totrainproblem-solvingskills.C.Toboostmutualunderstanding. D.Touseexam-takingtechniques.3.Whoarethetargetreadersoftheguide?A.Collegegraduates. B.Highschoolers.C.Admissionofficials. D.Coursedesigners.BYasmeenLarilookedoutofthecarwindowacrossPakistan’sSiranValley,saddenedbythelossofitsonce-greenlandscape.Amassiveearthquakejustoneweekpriorhadkilledupto79,000peopleandturnedthevalleyintomudandflattenedbuildings.The65-year-oldarchitectwastheretoleadsettlementreconstruction,butshehadneverdonedisaster-reliefworkbefore.Shewasfilledwithanticipationafteratwo-hourflightandthisfive-hourdrive.Darknesshadfallenbeforeherdriverpulledintotherescuebase.At1,500meters,itwassaferfromaftershocksandrockslidesthanlowerground.Whenshesteppedoutofthecarandwasbriefedonthevillagesneedingimmediatehelp,theenormityofthetaskaheadhitherfullforce.Lari,Pakistan’sfirstfemalearchitectsince1964,wasfamousfordesigningmodernglassandconcretetowersinKarachi.Here,though,she’ddesignearthquake-resistanthomeswithstoneandwood.Inasimplecottagenearthecamp,shewouldspendthenextfourmonthsworkingwithvolunteerarchitectsandengineerstohelpdisplacedfamiliesbuildnewhomes,evenastemperaturesdroppedandsnowfell.“Youcan’timaginethedesolation(荒凉),”Larirecallsofthosedaysinthemountains.Herteam,oftenthefirsttoarriveonthescene,weregreetedwithunexpectedhospitality(热情款待),giventhecircumstances.Ononevisit,villagerspulledouttheirbestchairsandtablerescuedfromtheearthquake.“They’dlosteverything,”shesays.“Buttheyputthisdamagedtableinfrontofusandcovereditwithabeautifulpatternedcloth.AndthentheyservedustheirWorldFoodProgrammefood:biscuits,teaandeggs.”Witheachpassingday,Lariwasre-engineeringheridentity—from“starchitect”tohumanitarian.Theprofessionhadbeengoodtoher,butshehadgrowndisappointedwithprojectsfortherich.Anddoingdisaster-reliefworkfeltdeeplyright.Soshemadeithernewmission.4WhywasLariinSiranValley?A.Tohelpwiththerebuilding. B.Tostudylocalhousingstyles.C.Todevelopatravelproject. D.Tosurveyearthquakedamage.5.HowdidLarifeelafterlearningaboutthevillagesinneed?A.Calm. B.Eager. C.Beaten. D.Challenged.6.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3?A.Thecottagewastoocoldforwork.B.Thecottagewasdesignedforcampers.C.Lariadjustedherstrategytothesituation.D.Laripreferredtraditionalbuildingmaterials.7.WhateffectdidLari’sdaysinthemountainshaveonher?A.Shewasinspiredtovaluegenerosity.B.Shewasmotivatedtorefocushercareer.C.Shewasshockedbythevillagers’optimism.D.Shewastroubledbythelackofreliefsupplies.CWhatifyoucouldstaymentallysharpinoldage?Wemaybeclosertounderstanding“superagers”—peopleover80withthecognitive(认知的)skillsofsomeonedecadesyounger.NorthwesternUniversity’sSuperAgingResearchProgramhasidentifiedsomecommonbrainfeaturesthathelppreservethisfunction.Theresearchdefinesa“distinctbrain-relatedsignature”foridentifyingsuperagers:Youmightbeoneifyou’re80orolderandcanrecallatleastninewords30minutesafterhearinga15-wordlist.Superagers’brainsalsoshowslowerthinning,withonlya1.06%reductionover18monthscomparedtothe2.24%seenintheirpeers(同龄人),andastrongercholinergicsystem,whichiscrucialformemory,learningandmotorfunction.Critically,there’sonequalityallsuperagersshare:sociability.Thisobservedsociabilityhasbiologicalroots.SuperagerspossessmorevonEconomoneurons,atypeofbraincellassociatedwithsociability,thantheirpeers,andevenmorethanyoungerpeople.Theseneuronsarefoundinhighlysocialspecieslikewhales.“Animalswithstrongconnectionstendtooutliveandoutsmarttheirpeers.It’slikethepackculture,”saysstudyauthorGefen.Additionally,superagers’thickeranteriorcingulategyrus—abrainregionlinkedtomotivationratherthanmemory—suggeststhattheymaybemorewillingtoengageinchallengingtasks.However,thisisn’talong-termstudytrackingparticipantsfromyouth,so“wecan’tcompletelyknowwhetherthishighlevelofsociabilityishelpingornot,”Gefennotes.Whileotherresearchsuggestslifestylefactorslikeexercisemaypreventupto45%ofseriousmemoryloss,theirroleinsuperagersremainsunclear.“Whenitcomestosuperagers,wehavemorequestionsthananswers,”sheadds.Still,thisresearchcouldhelpfindfuturetreatmentsforsomebraindiseases.Northwestern’songoingworkaimstoadvancethisgoal,includinginvestigatingwhatmakesvonEconomoneuronsspecialandtheirroleindiseaseresistance.8Whatisthekeycharacteristicthatsetssuperagersapartfromtheirpeers?A.Rapidbrainthinning. B.Strongcriticalthinking.C.Superbvisualmemory. D.Highsocialengagement.9.Whydoestheauthormentionwhalesinparagraph3?A.Toanalyzehuman-animalties. B.Toillustratethebasisofsociability.CToshowtheobservationresult. D.Tocontrastbrainsofvariousspecies.10.WhatdoesGefenmeanbysaying“It’slikethepackculture”?A.Socialbondsbenefitindividuals. B.Packanimalsarefacedwithmorerisks.C.Eachspecieshasitsownculture. D.Sociabilityisrootedinanimalbehavior.11.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Suggestionsforfurtherstudies. B.Studylimitations.C.Comparisonswithotherfindings. D.Experts’comments.DIftheAmazonforestistodisappear,AltamirainBrazilisthetownwherethatendcouldbeforeseen.Duringtheregion’sdevelopment,aroadwascutthroughtheheartoftheforest,markinganeraofwidespreaddestructionthatremadetheAmazon.Altamirathusbecameknowninlocalmediaasthe“championofdeforestation.”NowBrazilianofficialsthinkthisexpansivetowncanalsobethesiteoftheforest’srebirth.Thisyear,thegovernmentsetouttotestaquestionthatuntilnowhaslargelybeenlefttoresearchers:Ifleftalone,cantheAmazonforestrestoreitself?Totestthisassumption,officialsclosedoffadegradedparceloflandandleased(租赁)ittoaprivatecarboncreditcompanytosafeguardandrestore.“Someofthetaskswillbedonebyplantingtrees.ButmostoftherestorationjobwillbelefttoMotherNature.It’scalledpassiverestoration.Thisisopeninganewmodelthatmaybeappliedacrossthestate,”saidGovernorBarbalho.ThesearchforsolutionsintheAmazoncouldn’tbemoreurgent.Ratesofdeforestationhavebeendroppingsincethegovernmentmadefightingenvironmentalcrimeapriority,butthedestructionhasn’tstopped.Nearly6,300squarekilometerswerelostlastyear,bringingtheecosystemclosertowhatscientistswarnisatippingpoint,whentheAmazonisnolongerabletomaintainitsownrainyecosystem.Evidenceofitsarrivalisspringingup:driedriverbeds,forestfires,punishingdroughts,andincreasedtreedeath.Scientistshavepredictedtheforestcouldexperienceabroadecologicalcollapseby2050,when10—47%ofitwillbeexposedtovariousdisturbancesthatcouldactivateunexpectedecosystemchanges.Butotherresearchhasalsoprovidedcauseforhope.DespitethedelicatenatureoftheAmazon’secosystem,theforesthasalsodemonstratedaremarkablecapacityforrecovery.Arecentstudyshowedthatroughly72,000squarekilometersofdestroyedforestarealreadyinanadvancedstageofnaturalrecovery.12.WhatdoweknowaboutAltamirafromparagraph1?A.ItreshapedtheAmazonarea. B.Itsawtherebirthoftheforest.C.Itbenefitedfromthenewroad. D.Itheadedtheforestdestruction.13.Whatisthecorebeliefbehindpassiverestoration?A.Natureknowstherightway. B.Companiesmakebetterguardians.C.Tree-plantingisaquickerfix. D.Ahands-offgovernmentisthekey.14.WhatmakesitcriticaltorestoretheAmazonrainforest?A.Deforestationratesareever-rising. B.Therainyecosystemhascollapsed.C.Apointofnoreturnisapproaching. D.Springhasbroughtlotsofdisasters.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.CanPrivateCompaniesHelp? B.CanPassiveRestorationLast?C.CanAltamiraStopDeforestation? D.CanAmazonAvoidDisappearing?第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。InFebruary2017,Iwasjustemergingfromadecade-longstrugglewithamysteriousillnessthathadgraduallynarrowedmyworld.____16____ThatwasanonlineQiGongcourse.Totheuntrainedeye,QiGongmayseemsimilartoitsbetter-knowncousin,TaiChi,theancientartthatcombinesgentlemovementwithmentalfocus.____17____It’sevenintegratedintotreatmentplansinChinesehospitals.MydailypracticethatyearbroughtsuchnoticeableimprovementsthatIsetmyselfareward:ifIstuckwithitallyear,I’dheadtoMasterAnthony’sannualtrainingcampinCostaRica’scloudforestthefollowingFebruary.____18____Itwasmyfirstjourneyabroadinoveradecade.IbookedthetriptoSanJose,whereImetMasterAnthonyandadozenstrangers.Weboardedatinybusandrodeupwindingmountainroadsto“LaMontanaAzul”foraweek-longcamp.____19____TherewasnoInternetordistractionshere,justorganicvegetarianmealssharedunderanopen-airshelter.Forestbirdssang,andmyrooflessroomevenhousedasurprisinglylargespider,whichaddedatouchofunexpectedadventuretotheexperience.Onlinepracticehadgivenmeslightenergymovement,butthatweek,doingmoveslikeLiftingtheSky,IcoulddistinctlyfeelmybodyfillingwithQi—thevitallifeforceenergy.Ifeltenergizedandjoyful.Thatwaswheneverythingchangedforme.Athome,Ihadasuccessfulcareerasaself-employedwriter.____20____SoonafterIreturned,at53,Ilaunchedmytravelblog.Dreamsdocometrue.They’rejustwaitingforyoutoclaimthem.A.AndIdid!B.Ilongtoexploretheworld.C.Theplacewasperfectforthecamp.D.Yetit’sactuallyenergymedicineforrecovery.E.ManypeopleturntoTaiChiforitsphysicalbenefits.F.Butinthecloudforest,IdecidedIwantedmorefromlife.G.Akeythingfinallyhelpedmerecoverduringthepreviousyear.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Thesunsankbehindthetreesasthewildlifephotographerheldhiscameratight,hopingtocaptureanimageofarelativelyrarebird,aparticularkindofheron.He’d____21____severaldisappointinghourswithnoluckatall.Heneededa____22____soon,otherwiseitwouldbetoo____23____andhewouldhavetocomebackthenextdayandstartalloveragain.Suddenly,tohisdelight,aheron____24____onabranchrightinfrontofhim.He____25____raisedhiscamera,focusedinandtookthe____26____justasecondbeforethebirdspreaditswingsandflewaway.Feelingparticularlypleasedwithhimself,thephotographerlookedattheimage,onlytomakeanastonishing____27____.There,inthebackground,easyto____28____atfirstsight,wasanotherbirdmid-flight:astrikinglyrarewoodpecker(啄木鸟),onesoseldomseenthatmanybirdwatchersspendyearsforjusta____29____ofit.Thephotographerhadn’tnoticedthewoodpeckeratall;withouteven____30____,hehadphotographedabirdmuchrarerthantheonehe’daimedfor.Thisunexpected____31____illustratestheconceptofserendipity—theexperienceof____32____somethingextraordinarywhilesearchingforsomethingentirely____33____.Historyisoftenfilledwithsuchmoments,fromscientificbreakthroughslikepenicillin’saccidentalfindingtoeveryday____34____.Sometimes,themostremarkablediscoverieshappennotthroughconstant____35____,butthroughbeingintherightplaceattherighttime.21.A.driven B.extended C.waited D.arranged22.A.break B.picture C.signal D.response23.A.dark B.delicate C.long D.urgent24.A.sang B.settled C.crashed D.hid25.A.continuously B.awkwardly C.patiently D.immediately26.A.action B.measure C.blame D.shot27.A.claim B.mistake C.discovery D.presentation28.A.miss B.memorize C.handle D.interpret29.A.taste B.sight C.smell D.touch30.A.moving B.trying C.leaving D.warning31.A.design B.setback C.challenge D.turn32.A.takingup B.makingout C.comingacross D.lookingover33.A.unaware B.mysterious C.unlikely D.different34.A.surprises B.attempts C.anticipations D.routines35.A.pursuit B.observation C.struggle D.reflection第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThereisasayingaboutthesouthwesternChineseprovinceofGuizhou:“Notthreefeetofflatland,notthreedayswithoutrain,notafamilywiththreesilvercoins.”But,TaoHuabi,alsoknownasChina’s“____36____(hot)woman”,haswellandtrulybrokentherule____37____thehelpofanappetizingsauce.TaoHuabi,bornin1947,is____38____womanbehindLaoGanMa,literally“OldMother”,ahotandcrunchy(脆的)saucecraftedfromfriedredchilipeppers.Openabottle,____39____youwillspotafewpeanuts,somecrunchysaltybeansandshinyoilmixedin.InChina,thesauceissopopular,____40____(give)birthtoLaoGanMaphonecases,clothing,pencilcasesandthejoke,accordingtoastate-owned____41____(finance)newsorganizationinChina,thatwhenamangets____42____(marry),itistotwowomen:hiswifeandTaoHuabi.Besides,itisalsoincreasinglywell-receivedoverseas,especiallyintheUS,whereseveraldifferentversions____43____(appear)inrecentyears,includingFlyByJingandMomofukuchillicrunch,bothofwhichavoidartificialflavorenhancersinfavorofnaturalflavors.In2016,LaoGanMa____44____(credit)withhelpingthehistoricallypoorGuizhouachieve10.5%economic____45____(grow).Asforthemotherherself,anarticledescribedherasthequeenofa“redkingdom”ofchillifields.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，你校学生参加英语角的积极性不高，请给负责人Jenny写一封邮件，内容包括：（1）分析原因；（2）提出建议。注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearJenny,I’mLiHua,astudentfromourschool.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。LiYue,aChinesehighschoolexchangestudentinLondon,feltalittlenervouswhenMr.Whitesaidtotheclass,“ThisThursday,Iwanteachofyoutobringsomethingthatmatterstoyouandshareitwiththeclass.”LiYuesatquietly,thinkinghardaboutwhattobring.Suddenly,sherememberedthattheLanternFestivalwouldbethefollowingTuesday.Abrightideastruckher,makinghereyeslightupinstantly.Thursdaycamequickly,andtheclassroomwasfilledwithjoyandlaughter.Moststudentsbroughtsnacksandsmalltoystoshare.WhenitwasLiYue’sturn,shestoodup,holdingabeautifullydecoratedwoodenbox.Sheopeneditgentlyandtookoutaflat,foldedpieceofredpaper.Withafewquick,skillfulfoldsandpulls,thepapermagicallyturnedintoadelicatelanternframe.Sheplacedacandleinsideandlititcarefully.Thegentleflamecamealive,bathingtheredlanterninwa