高中英语外研版2019选择性必修第二册课件：Unit 4 Breaking boundaries (3)-Developing ideas

选择性必修二

Unit4Breakingboundaries(3)

高二年级英语DevelopingideasTheWordsThatChangedANationObjectives

Bytheendofthislesson,youwillbeableto:1.getthehistoricalbackgroundandmeaningoftheGettysburgspeech;2.workoutthethematicmeaningofthespeech;3.organizeanddeliveraspeech.Lead-inReadthetitleofthepassageandpredictitsmeaning.ThetitlemeansthatthewordssaidbythepresidentoftheUS,thoughnomorethan300words,hadgivenpeoplehope,belief.Andbydoingthis,thecountryoncedividedhadhadthepromisingfuturetobeaunitedone.Lead-in1.Howdidslaveownersregardtheirslaves?2.Whatwasasalve’slifelike?Watchavideoandanswerthequestions.Lead-in1.Howdidslaveownersregardtheirslaves?

Theydidn’tregardthemashumansbutasanimals,withoutrespectingthem.Lead-in2.Whatwasasalve’slifelike?Dailylifeforaslaveinvolvedback-breakinglabour.Slaveshadtoworkalldaylongwithoutenoughrest.Theywereoftenphysicallyabusedbytheirownersandhadnolegalrights.ReadingLookatthetitleandskimthepassage.Choosethebookinwhichyouwouldmostlikelyfindthepassage.1.ThePowerofSpeech3.GreatBattlesinHistory2.FamousUSPresidents√ReadingOrganiseinformationfromthepassageandcompletethenotes.Onagreyafternoonon19November1863,atall,thinmanmountedaplatforminafieldinGettysburg,Pennsylvaniaandbegantospeak.Theplacewasthesiteofarecentbattlewherethousandsofsoldiershaddied.

ThemanwasAbrahamLincoln,PresidentoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica,andhewasthereinmemoryofthesoldierswhohaddied.Thespeechhegavewasjust268wordslongandlastedtwominutes.Butthisaddresstothecrowdchangedthemindsofhispeopleandhelpedshapeanation.ReadingAtthattime,Americawasbitterlydivided.Fortwoyears,itspeoplehadbeendeepinacivilwarbetweentheslave-owningConfederateSouthernStatesandthe“free”NorthernStatesoftheUnion.TheworstbattlelastedthreedaysandtookplaceatGettysburgin1863.TheUnionsidewon,butatagreatcost.Over50,000soldierswerekilledorwounded,andpeoplelosthopeandpurpose.Whatwasallthissufferingfor?ReadingLincolnunderstoodthefeelingsofthecivilianpeople.Hisspeechgavethemhope,beliefandareasontolooktothefuture.HegavethemanewvisionofwhattheUnitedStatesofAmericashouldbe,basedontheidealssetdownbyitsFoundingFathers87yearsbefore.Itwaswhatthesoldiersdiedfor.NowitwasuptothelivingtoremovenotonlythedivisionsbetweenNorthandSouth,buttheboundariesbetweenblackandwhite,andworkstepbysteptowardstheequalityofhumankind.ReadingFourscoreandsevenyearsagoourfathersbroughtforth,uponthiscontinent,anewnation,conceivedinLiberty,anddedicatedtothepropositionthatallmenarecreatedequal.Nowweareengagedinagreatcivilwar,testingwhetherthatnation,oranynation,soconceived,andsodedicated,canlongendure.Wearemethereonagreatbattlefieldofthatwar.Wehavecometodedicateaportionofitasafinalrestingplaceforthosewhoheregavetheirlivesthatthatnationmightlive.Itisaltogetherfittingandproperthatweshoulddothis.Butinalargersense,wecannotdedicate—wecannotconsecrate—wecannothallowthisground.Thebravemen,livinganddead,whostruggledhere,haveconsecrateditfaraboveourpoorpowertoaddordetract.Theworldwilllittlenote,norlongremember,whatwesayhere,butcanneverforgetwhattheydidhere.Itisforus,theliving,rathertobededicatedheretotheunfinishedworkwhichtheyhavethusfar,sonoblycarriedon.ReadingItisratherforustobeherededicatedtothegreattaskremainingbeforeus—thatfromthesehonoreddeadwetakeincreaseddevotiontothatcauseforwhichtheyheregavethelastfullmeasureofdevotion—thatweherehighlyresolvethatthesedeadshallnothavediedinvain:thatthisnationshallhaveanewbirthoffreedom;andthatthisgovernmentofthepeople,bythepeople,forthepeople,shallnotperishfromtheearth.ReadingOrganiseinformationfromthepassageandcompletethenotes.Speaker:AbrahamLincolnSetting(date&place):On19November1863,inafieldinGettysburg,Pennsylvania.Organiseinformationfromthepassageandcompletethenotes.Backgroundevent:HowdidLincolndescribethefoundingoftheUS?ItwasanewnationconceivedinLibertyanddedicatedtothepropositionthatallmenarecreatedequal.TheBattleofGettysburgin1863,whichresultedinover50.000casualties.Organiseinformationfromthepassageandcompletethenotes.WhatchallengesdidtheCivilWarbringtothenation?HowdidLincolndescribethemanwhofoughtinthewar?ItwouldtestwhetheranationconceivedinLibertyanddedicatedtothepropositionthatallmenarecreatedequalcanlongendure.Theygavetheirlivessothattheirnationmightlive.Theywerebravemenwhosestruggleshadconsecratedtheground.Organiseinformationfromthepassageandcompletethenotes.Whatwasthe“greattask”thatLincolndescribed?Whowoundberesponsibleforcarryingoutthistask?Thatthisnationshallhaveanewbirthoffreedom;andthatthisgovernmentofthepeople,bythepeople,forthepeople,shallnotperishfromtheearth.Thelivingshouldbededicatedtothetask.ThinkandShare1.WhatwasLincoln’spurposeingivingthespeech?2.Lincolntalkedaboutgovernment“ofthepeople,bythepeople,forthepeople”.Whatdoesthismean?3.Whatotherspeechescanyouthinkofthatstresstheimportanceofbreakingboundaries?4.Whateffortstobreakboundariesaredescribedinthetworeadingpassagesinthisunit?1.WhatwasLincoln’spurposeingivingthespeech?Hewantedtogivethepeoplehope,beliefandareasontolooktothefuture.ThinkandShare2.Lincolntalkedaboutgovernment“ofthepeople,bythepeople,forthepeople”.Whatdoesthismean?ThinkandShare“Ofthepeople”meansthatgovernmentshouldbemadeupofordrawnfromthepeople;“bythepeople”meansthatgovernmentshouldberunbyordinarypeople;“forthepeople”meansthatgovernmentshoulduseitspowerforthepeople’sbenefit.ThinkandShare3.Whatotherspeechescanyouthinkofthatstresstheimportanceofbreakingboundaries?MartinLutherKing—Ihaveadream.ThinkandShare4.Whateffortstobreakboundariesaredescribedinthetworeadingpassagesinthisunit?Inthefirstpassage,doctorsorotherpeopleofdifferentbackgroundsworkedtogethertosavepeopleindanger.Inthesecondpassage,LincolncalledonthepeopleoftheUnitedStatestostriveforafreenationwhereallmenareequal.TalkaboutthesignificanceofabolishingslaveryintheUS.GiveatalkaboutthesignificanceofabolishingslaveryintheUS.1.Organiseyourideasbyansweringthequestions.WhatwastheUSlikebeforeslaverywasabolished?Howwasitdifferentafterwards?Inwhatwaysdidtheabolitionofslaveryhelptobreakboundaries?2.Doresearchtofindmoreevidencetosupportyourideas.3.Thinkabouteffectivewaystofindinformationtosupportyourideas.Andgiveyourtalktotheclass.

TalkaboutthesignificanceofabolishingslaveryintheUS.Beforeslaverywasabolished,slavesintheUShadbeentreatedasanimals.Atthattime,theycouldnotreceiverespect.Theydidback-breakingworkalldaylongwithoutenoughrest.Andtheywereoftenphysicallyabusedbytheirownersandhadnolegalrights.TalkaboutthesignificanceofabolishingslaveryintheUS.Paragraph3tellsus“His(HisreferstoAbrahamLincoln’s)speechgavethemhope,beliefandareasontolooktothefuture.”Fromthissentenceweknowthatbeforeslaverywasabolished,Americanshadnohope,orbelief,orareasontolooktothefuture.Andthesentence“Itwaswhatthesoldiersdiedfor.NowitwasuptothelivingtoremovenotonlythedivisionsbetweenNorthandSouth,buttheboundariesbetweenblackandwhite,andworkstepbysteptowardstheequalityofhumankind.”means,inmyopinion,someAmericansatthattimewerewillingtosacrificetheirlivestobreaktheboundariesbetweenblackandwhite,andworkstepbysteptowardstheequalityofhumankind.Afterslaverywasabolished,welearnedfromParagraph6“thatthisnationshallhaveanewbirthoffreedom;andthatthisgovernmentofthepeople,bythepeople,forthepeople,shallnotperishfromtheearth.”,whichmeansthatblackandwhiteinAmericashouldbeequal.Toacertainextent,theblackhavebeenfreeafterslaverywasabolished.Andtheyenjoythesamelegalrightsasthewhite.Sotheabolishmentofslaverydidbreaktheboundariesbetweenblackandwhite.Languagepoint1.Onagreyafternoonon19November1863,atallthinmanmountedaplatforminafieldinGettysburg,Pennsylvaniaandbegantospeak.Paraphrase:Onadullafternoonon19November1863,atall,thinmanwentupontoaplatforminafieldinGettysburg,Pennsylvaniaandbegantogiveaspeech.Languagepoint这句话是在描述AbrahamLincoln演讲的背景信息，用词正式，烘托出战争后人们以及Lincoln的情绪。这里的grey既可以用来描述天气阴沉，也有dull和unpleasant的意思，凸显出人们沉重、抑郁的心情。例如：Whygobacktothegrey,thedirt,thenoise.(为什么要回到那种阴郁、肮脏、吵闹的生活中去呢？）LanguagepointMount意为“登上”；常用在较为正式的文体中。例如：Sheslowlymountedthesteps.（她慢慢地爬上台阶。）此外，mount还有一些其它用法。意为“骑上”。例如：Hemountedhishorseandrodeaway.意为“逐步增加”。例如：Thedeathtollcontinuestomount.意为“组织开展”。例如：Thegallerymountedanexhibitionofhis

painting.Languagepoint2.Butthisaddresstothecrowdchangedthemindsofhispeopleandhelpedshapeanation.Paraphrase:Butthisspeechdeliveredtothepeoplewhohadgatheredtohearitchangedthemindsofpeopleacrossthecountryandhelpedinfluencethecountry’sfuture.Languagepointaddress在本句中作名词，意为“演讲”“发表演说”的常用表达为deliveranaddress。例如：Thepresidentwilldeliveraspeechabouttheschoolenvironment.address本身也可以作动词，意为“做演讲”。例如：SheaddressedaconferencebeforeleavingforBeijingyesterday.shape在本句中用作动词，意为“塑造”。例如：Likeitornot,ourfamiliesshapeourlivesandmakeuswhoweare.Languagepoint3.Nowweareengagedinagreatcivilwar,testingwhetherthatnation,oranynation,soconceived,andsodedicated,canlongendure.Paraphrase:Nowweareinvolvedinagreatcivilwar,andthiswarwilltestwhetherournationoranyothernationthatisfoundedupontheprinciplesoflibertyandequalitycancontinuetoexistforlong.Languagepoint此处endure意为“持续”。例如：Thecityhasenduredthroughtime.endure还可以用作及物动词，意为“承受”。例如：Thecompanyenduredheavyfinanciallosses.Languagepoint4.Wearemethereonagreatbattlefieldofthatwar.Wehavecometodedicateaportionofitasafinalrestingplaceforthosewhoherega