Unit3FitforlifeReading语言点课件-高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性

languagefocus未来存在于我们的基因之中Para1Goodafternoon,ladiesandgentlemen.Thankyouallforcomingtothislecture.Overthecourseofmycareer,Ihaveseenmanywonderfulscientificdevelopmentsbutnoneareasgame-changing

asgenomeediting.IamfullofexcitementaboutthepossibilitiesthisscientificadvancecanbringandIhopetosharemyexcitementwithyoutoday.过程；课程；路线,跑道；（一道）菜改变游戏规则的；颠覆性的基因编辑

女士们、先生们，下午好。感谢各位来到本场讲座。在我的职业生涯中，我见证过许多了不起的科研成果，但没有一项能像基因组编辑一样具有颠覆性。我对这项科学进展能够带来的可能性兴奋不已，并且希望在今天与各位分享这份兴奋之情。科学上的adj.充满可能性进步n.ShesignedupforacourseinEnglishwriting.Thefirstcourseissalad,andthemaincourseissteak.Theshipchangeditscoursetoavoidthestorm.Theathletesarepreparingforthefinalonthecourse.Overthecourseofhiscareer,hemadegreatachievements.Letnaturetakeitscourse.Youcansoonfeelthedetermination—coursingthroughthemusic.课程一道菜路线跑道过程

、进程路线流经/穿过v.course（n.)课程

路线

跑道

一道菜

过程v.穿过WhenItookacookingcourse,thecheftoldusthemaincourseofthedaywasbeefstew.Wewatchedasheadjustedthecourseofthecookingprocesstomakethemeattender.hesmiled,“patienceisthekeytogoodfood.”我上烹饪课的时候，主厨告诉我们当天的主菜是炖牛肉。我们看着他调整烹饪流程，好让肉质变得软烂。接着他笑了笑说：“当然啦，耐心是做出美味佳肴的关键。course（n.)课程

路线

跑道

一道菜

过程v.穿过4班Whenchoosingmyhighschoolcourse,Iaddedasailingcourseoutofcuriosity.Duringthefirstclass,thecoachtaughtushowtosetthecorrectcourseusingacompass.Wealsotalkedabouthowtostayoncoursewhenthewindchanges,andwhyweshouldn’tinterferewiththenaturalcourseofthewaves.在选择高中学习课程体系时，我出于好奇报了一门帆船课程。第一节课上，教练教我们如何用罗盘设定正确的航向。我们还讨论了遇到风向变化时如何保持既定方向，以及为什么不应干预海浪的自然进程。

course（n.)课程

路线

跑道

一道菜

过程v.穿过课程路线

航向课程路线

航向进程

2班Overthecourseofmycareer,I__________(see)manywonderfulscientificdevelopments,butnoneareasgame-changingasgenomeediting.haveseenas...as...和...一样notas/so...as...不如...Shedidn’tarriveas/soearlyasusualtoday.她今天到得不如平时早。Hedoesn’trunas/sofastashisclassmate.他跑得不如他同学快。Thisrestaurantisn’tas/sodeliciousasthe_______wewenttolastweek.这家餐厅的菜不如我们上周去的那家好吃。oneNocityisasbeautifulasParisinhereyes.在她看来，没有哪个城市像巴黎一样美

。Nothingisaseffectiveaspracticingdaily没有什么和每天练习一样有效Nooneisashardworkingasshestudies没有人和她学习一样勤奋Nothingisaspreciousashealth没有什么和健康一样珍贵as...as...和...一样notas/so...as...不如...none/no/nothing...as/so+原级+as，没什么和...一样...as...as...和...一样notas/so...as...不如...none/no/nothing...as/so+原级+as＋sth/doing/句子，没什么和...一样...否定词...比较级+than＋sth/doing/句子没什么比...更..Noplanisbetterthanthisone.没有比这个更好的计划Nowhereismorebeautifulthanmyhometown.没有哪个地方比我的家乡更美Nothingismorerelaxingthanlisteningtomusicafterwork.没有比下班后听音乐更放松。Nothingismoretouchingthantheyhelpedeachotherintrouble.没什么比他们在困境中互相帮助更感人了Thismoviecouldn’tbemoreexciting.这部电影再精彩不过了Nothingismoreeffectivethanmakingato-dolist.没有比列待办清单todolist更有效effective.Ifirmlybelievenothingismoreeffectivethanparticipatinginthisactivitytoshowoffyourathletictalent.我坚信，没有什么比参加这项活动更能发挥你的运动天赋了。none/no/nothing...as/so+原级+as＋sth/doing/句子，没什么和...一样...否定词...比较级+than＋sth/doing/句子没什么比...更..Forthosewhodreamofmasteringamusicalinstrument,nothingismoreeffectivethan___________(practice)consistentlyevenfor30minutesaday,nomatterhowbusytheyare.Thesurveyindicatesthatthisnewpolicyisn’tsoeffective______providingtargetedsupporttosmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesdirectly,whichwasoriginallyplanned.Nooneintheresearchteamisaspatient______Dr.Wangsortingcomplexdataandanalyzingpotentialproblemsintheexperiment.practicingasasOverthecourseofmycareer,Ihaveseenmanywonderfulscientificdevelopmentsbutnoneareasgame-changing

asgenomeediting.完成时的标志词

在我的职业过程中句子分析没有一个在我的职业生涯中，我见证过许多了不起的科学进展，但没有任何一项能像基因组编辑技术这样具有颠覆性的变革意义。句式仿写

Overthecourseofmyhighschoolyears,Ihavemetmanyinspiringteachersbutnoneareascommittedasmyphysicsteacher.在我的高中生涯里，我遇见过许多鼓舞人心的老师，但没有任何一位能像我的体育老师这般尽职尽责。Overthecourseofthepastdecade,wehavewitnessedmanytechnologicalbreakthroughsbutnoneareasinfluentialasartificialintelligence.在过去十年间，我们见证了诸多技术突破breakthroughs，但没有任何一项能像人工智能一样具有深远的影响力influential。Overthecourseofhumanhistory,peoplehavecreatedmanygreatworksofartbutnoneareasmovingastheMonaLisa.在人类历史进程中，人们创造过无数伟大的艺术作品worksofart，但没有任何一件能像《蒙娜丽莎》influential这般动人。Overthecourseofmyhighschoolyears,Ihavemetmanykindteachers,butnoneareaspatientasmyChineseteacher.在我的高中生涯里，我遇见过许多和蔼的老师，但没有一位像我的语文老师这般有耐心。Overthecourseoftheholiday,Ihavetriedmanydeliciousfoods,butnoneareastastyasmymom’scooking.假期里，我品尝了不少美味的食物，但没有一样比得上妈妈做的菜那么可口。Overthecourseofthegame,wehavescoredmanygoals,butnoneareasimportantasthefinalone.整场比赛中，我们踢进了好几个球，但没有哪一个能像最后那个进球一样关键。句式仿写4班Iamfullofexcitementaboutthepossibilities【

thisscientificadvancecanbring】...Wearefullofprideabouttheachievementsourschoolbasketballteamcanwin.我们对校篮球队可能斩获的各项佳绩满怀自豪。MyparentsarefullofexpectationabouttheprogressIcanmake.父母对我未来能够取得的进步满心期待。Sheisfullofgratitudeaboutthehelpthiswarm-heartedstrangerprovided.她对这位热心warm-hearted陌生人warm-hearted提供的帮助充满感激。我对这项科学进展可能带来的种种前景满怀激动。Para2

Asmanyofyoumayalreadyknow,genesplayacriticalrolein__________(shape)ourlives.Everythingfromthecolorofoureyes___ourtalentformathsdepends___genes.Thecompletesetofgenesinsideacelloralivingbeingiscalledagenome.Ourpersonalgenomecarriesalltheinformation________(need)tomakeusgrowanddevelop.Italsocontainsinformation_____helpsdetermineourlifespanandaffectsourchancesof__________(contract)certaindiseases.shapingontoneededcontractingthat起着至关重要的作用一整套生物体基因组寿命

寿命长短

周期患某些疾病在……内部prepEverythingfromthecolorofoureyestoourtalentformathsdependsongenes.句子分析①复合不定代词（everything/something/everyone等）Everythingintheroomneedstobecleanedbeforetheguestsarrive.Nothingintheworldisimpossibleifyouputyourheartintoit.②no类（no+名词，表否定，必用三单）Nostudentisallowedtoleavetheclassroomduringthetest.③neither/either类（两者中任一/都不，必用三单）Eitheranswerisacceptable—botharecorrect.Neitherofthetwosolutionsworkswellforthisproblem.needbeallowbework不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数④each/every类（强调个体，必用三单）Everychildneedsloveandcarefromtheirfamily.Eachstudenthasanewtextbookforthesemester.(all/some/none需看指代可不可数）Allofthewaterisgone—weneedtobuymore.Allofthestudentsarehere—let’sstarttheclass.Someoftheworkhasbeenfinished,butnotall.Someofthebookswerewrittenbythisfamousauthor.Noneofthemoneyismine;itbelongstotheschool.Noneofthestudentslikes/liketostayuplate.needhavebebehavebebelike不定代词作主语Everythingaroundus______(be)madeupoftinyparticles分子.Somethingstrange______(happen)intheneighborhoodlastnight.Nobodyintheclassroom______(know)theanswertothisdifficultquestion.Nobodybutmyparents______(support)mydecisiontostudyabroad.Noneofthemoney______(belong)tome;it’smysister’s.Nothingexceptsomeoldphotos______(remain)intheemptyhouse.Somethingimportant______(announce)atthemeetingtomorrow.Eachstudenttogetherwiththeirparents______(invite)tothegraduationceremony.Noneoftheteachers__________________(agree)withthisplanEitheryouorhe______(have)totakecareofthelittleboy.不定代词作主语ishappenedknowssupportsbelongsremainswillbeannouncedisinvitedagreehasOurpersonalgenomecarriesalltheinformationneeded

tomakeusgrowanddevelop.(L9)我们的个人基因组携带着使我们成长和发展所需的所有信息。过去分词作后置定语=thatisneededThisnewapphasallthefunctionsneededtoimproveouroralEnglishskills.这款新应用具备提升我们英语口语能力所需的全部功能。Thishikingbackpackholdsallthesuppliesneededtosurvivethetwo-daytrip.这个徒步背包装着支撑我们完成两天行程所需的全部物资。Ourschoollibrarystoresallthereferencebooksneededtofinishourresearchprojects.我们学校图书馆收藏着完成研究课题所需的全部参考书。1.Italsocontainsinformationthathelpsdetermineourlifespanandaffectsourchancesofcontractingcertaindiseases.它(基因)还包含了有助于决定我们寿命长短和影响我们患某些疾病概率的信息。affectvt.Anunhappyhomeenvironmentcanaffectachild’sgrowth.不幸的家庭环境会影响孩子的成长。Cancerhadaffectedhislungs.癌已侵及他的肺脏。Iwasdeeply

affected

bythefilm(=Itcausedstrongfeelingsinme).我被电影深深地打动了。侵袭，使感染影响打动affectvt.影响;侵袭，使感染;深深打动Stresscanaffectpeople’ssleepqualityandmentalhealth.压力会影响人的睡眠质量和心理健康effect（n.） 影响；效果haveaneffectonNoisepollutionhasabadeffectonpeople’ssleepquality.噪音污染对人们的睡眠质量有不良影响。Climatechangegreatlyaffectsthesurvivalofpolarbears.气候变化对北极熊的生存有巨大影响。Thediseasemainlyaffectstheelderlyandyoungchildren.这种疾病主要感染老人和儿童。Shewasdeeplyaffectedbythestoryofthebravefirefighter.她被那位勇敢消防员的故事深深打动。affectionn.喜爱；爱慕haveagreataffectionfor 非常喜欢…Heraffectionforliteraturebeganwhenshewasachild,andnowsheworksasawriter.（她对文学的喜爱始于童年，现在她成为了一名作家。）“Developinganaffectionforreadingcanbroadenourhorizonsandenrichourspiritualworld,whichisbeneficialforourlifelongdevelopment.”（培养对阅读的喜爱能开阔我们的视野，丰富精神世界，这对我们的终身发展有益。）Asweallknow,climatechangehasbecomeaglobalissuethatseriously__________(affect)people’slives.Manycoastalcities__________(affect)byrisingsealevelsinrecentyears,andthe__________(affect)ofthisphenomenonisfar-reaching.affectshavebeenaffectedeffectcontractn.anofficialwrittenagreement合同；合约；契约v.tomakeanagreementbycontracttoworkortopaysomeonetowork与…订立合同（或契约)v.togetanillness感染（疾病）；得（病）v.tobecomelessorsmaller（使）收缩，缩小signacontract签订合同breakacontract违反合同Hecontractedabadcoldduringtheschooltrip.他在学校旅行期间得了感冒。Peoplecancontractthevirusthroughclosecontact.人们会通过密切接触感染这种病毒。①

签约

签合同

contractwithsb.（与某人签约）Thefamousactorcontractedwiththefilmstudiofortwomovies.这位知名演员与电影制片厂签约，出演两部电影。contracttodosth.（签约做某事）ShecontractedtoteachEnglishintheruralschoolforayear.她签约去这所乡村学校教一年英语。②（物体数量等）收缩；缩小

反义词：expand（膨胀；扩张）

Thepupilsofhereyescontractedsharplywhentheflashlightwasturnedon.当手电筒打开时，她的瞳孔急剧收缩。Thepopulationofthesmalltown__________________10%inthepastdecade.hascontractedby③

感染（疾病、病毒）（正式用语，口语可用catch替代）Manypeoplecontractedthefluduringthewintervacation.寒假期间，很多人感染了流感。HecontractedararediseasewhiletravelinginAfricalastyear.他去年在非洲旅行时感染了一种罕见rare疾病。→sufferfrom遭受（疾病、痛苦、不幸等）；受……困扰Shesuffersfromarareheartdisease.她患有一种罕见的rare心脏病。Hesuffersfromlonelinessaftermovingtoanewcity.搬到新城市后，他一直被孤独感困扰。contactv./n.联系；接触contradictv.矛盾1..Beforestartingthejob,youneedto________________________.（开始工作前，你需要签订一份劳动合同。）3.Themuscle_____________whenstimulatedbyelectricity.（肌肉受到电刺激时会收缩。）4.He________________________afterwalkingintherainforalongtime.（他在雨中走了很久后感冒了。）contractssignanemploymentcontractcontracted/caughtacoldas的含义1....,butnone

areasgame-changingasgenomeediting.(L4)2.Asmanyofyoumayalreadyknow,...(L6)3.Geneticistshavebeentryingtoidentify...,astheybelieve...(L14)4.Genomeediting,servingasanewweapon...(L22)1.as+adj/adv+as副词,“和...一样...”2.As（关系代词）引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如”。3.连词，原因状语从句,“因为”4.介词，“作为”5.Asthetechnologycontinuestodevelopatafastpace,....(L25)5.连词，时间状语从句,有“随着”的含义。6.DoastheRomansdowheninRome.Shelostit,justasIsaidshewould.7.Childasheis，heknowsalot.Happyastheywere,therewassomethingmissing.Unlikelyasitmightseem,I’mtiredtoo.7.连词，让步状语从句，“尽管，虽然”，必须构成倒装。as的含义6.连词，方式状语从句,按照,“以……的方式”Hedidn’tattendthemeetingashewasill.他因为生病没参加会议。AssheisgoodatEnglish,sheoftenhelpsherclassmates.由于她英语好，经常帮助同学。Astimegoesby,werealizetheimportanceoffamily.随着时间的推移，我们意识到家庭的重要性。Youngasheis,heknowsalotabouthistory.尽管他年纪小，却懂很多历史。Hardassheworked,shedidn’tpasstheexam.尽管她努力了，但还是没通过考试。Childasheis,hecanplaythepianoverywell.虽然他是个孩子，钢琴却弹得很好。HespeaksEnglishasnativespeakersdo.他说英语的方式和母语者一样。Withoursocietygrowingolder，weneedthecontributionsofouroldercitizens.→_____________________，weneedthecontributionsofouroldercitizens.Althoughitwasrainingheavilyoutside，theystartedoutveryearly.→____________________________，theystartedoutveryearly.ItisknowntoallthatagoodlearningenvironmentisvitalifwewanttostudyEnglishwell.→________________，agoodlearningenvironmentisvitalifwewanttostudyEnglishwell.AsoursocietygrowsolderHeavilyasitwasrainingoutsideAsweallknowPracticemakesperfect.Para3

Geneticists

havebeentryingtoidentifywhichgenesrelatetowhichdiseases,astheybelievegenomeeditingisaneffectivemeansofdiseasetreatmentandprevention.Itallowsgeneticiststomakechangestothegenomebycorrecting,adding,deletingorreplacingspecificpartsofthegeneticmaterial.Inthenearfuture,geneticistshelptoapplythistechnologytotreatawiderangeofhealthproblems.基因学家辨认识别确认与...相关方式疾病治疗允许某人做修正、增加、删除、替代在不远的未来应用大量许多治疗v.

遗传学家一直在试图确定哪些基因与哪些疾病相关，因为他们相信基因组编辑是治疗和预防疾病的有效手段。它允许遗传学家通过纠正、增加、删除或替换遗传物质的特定部分的方式对基因组进行修改。在不久的将来，遗传学家希望将这项技术应用于治疗广泛的健康问题。输入内容输入内容identify

v.①

认出;识别;分辨出identifyAasB确认

鉴定

A是BThedoctoridentifiedhisillnessasacommoncold.1.医生确诊他的病只是普通感冒。Wesawasmallgreyanimalhidingundertheflowerbed.Ithadafurrytailandlongears,soweidentifiedtheanimalasarabbit.2.我们看到一只灰色的小动物躲在花坛下，它长着毛茸茸的furry尾巴和长长的耳朵，于是我们认出这只动物是一只兔子。=recognize②

认同；理解；产生共鸣

identifywithsb./sth.与……产生共鸣；认同……Icantotallyidentifywithyourfeelings—thisexamisreallydifficult.我完全能理解你的沮丧——这场考试确实太难了。③identifyAwithB把A和B联系起来Peopleoftenidentifysuccesswithwealthandfame.人们常常把成功与名利联系在一起。identity/aɪˈdentəti/

身份；本身

identify/aɪˈdentɪfaɪ/identification/aɪˌdentɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/

身份证明

identical/aɪˈdentɪkl/

完全相同的；一模一样的

beidenticalto/with

和...一模一样

Hewastoofarawaytobeable___________faces.

Manyreadersidentify______thecharactersinhernovels.Theresultswere_________tothoseofthefirsttest.Thepolicearetryingtodiscoverthe________ofthekiller.Youshouldnotidentifywealth______happiness.toidentifywithidenticalidentitywithPracticemakesperfect.与…一致与……产生共鸣relatev.与...相关relateAtoB 联系A和Bberelatedto 与……有关他说的话与讨论的问题无关。Hisremarks______________thetopic_________discussion.在中国文化中，很多人把红色和喜悦、庆祝联系起来。ManypeoplerelatethecolorredtojoyandcelebrationinChineseculture.ManypeopleassociatethecolorredwithjoyandcelebrationinChineseculture.=connectAwithB=linkAto/withB=associateAwithB=beconnectedwith=belinkedto/with=beassociatedwithunderisnotrelatedto1.Thetwocountriesresumednormaldiplomatic___________(relate).2.Economicreformhasbrought__________(relate)wealthtopeasantfarmers.3.Theplay___________________________whichtookplacealongtimeago.这个剧本和一个久远的爱情故事有关。(2020·全国Ⅲ，书面表达)4.

Itisdifficulttorelatehisargument

thefacts.5.Inthefuture,payincreaseswill___________productivity.6.He_______(relate)thefactsofthecase_____journalists.relationsrelativeisrelatedtoalovestorytoberelatedtorelatedtoPracticemakesperfect.relationn.关系；联系；亲戚/rɪˈleɪʃn/relativen.亲属，亲戚 adj.相对的；比较而言的相关的/ˈrelətɪv/重新开始外交的改革农民meansn.手段，方法单复数同形.bymeansof...通过...手段He

came

first

in

the

writing

competition

by

means

of

hard

work.他通过努力在写作比赛中获得了第一名。Wecancommunicatebymeansofemail.我们可以通过电子邮件沟通。Wesolvedtheproblembymeansofteamwork.→Teamworkisthemeans___________wesolvedtheproblem.团队合作就是我们解决这个问题的方式。ReadingaloudisthemeansbywhichwecanimproveouroralEnglishquickly.大声朗读是我们快速提升英语口语的一种手段。bywhichbyallmeans当然可以当然可以byanymeans 无论如何bynomeans绝不；一点也不adv.强烈否定1.A:CanIuseyourdictionaryforaminute?B:__________________________当然可以！It’sonmydesk.Don’tgiveupbyanymeans—you’resoclosetofinishingthetask.2.无论如何都不要放弃，你离完成任务只差一步了。Thismathproblemisbynomeanseasy—eventhetopstudentinourclassstruggledwithit.3.这道数学题一点也不简单，就连我们班的尖子生都被难住了。Heisbynomeansapersonwhogivesupeasily. 4.他绝不是一个轻易放弃的人。bynomeans绝不；一点也不放在句首要用部分倒装（把助动词/情态动词/be动词提到主语之前）Shewillbynomeansgiveupherdreamofbecomingadoctor.Bynomeans

willshegiveupherdreamofbecomingadoctor.她绝不会放弃成为一名医生的梦想。Wecanbynomeanscheatintheexam,orwewillbepunished.Bynomeanscanwecheatintheexam,orwewillbepunished.我们绝不能在考试中作弊，否则会受到惩罚。Ihavebynomeansheardofthisstrangestorybefore.Bynomeans

haveIheardofthisstrangestorybefore.我以前从来没有听过这个离奇的故事。附上正常语序Hedecidedtoapplyforascholarshiptofundhispostgraduatestudies.他决定申请奖学金来资助自己的研究生学业。Heappliedforavisa,hopingtostudyabroadintheUKforsixmonths.他申请了签证，希望能去英国交流学习半年。Youshouldapplysunscreentoyourskinbeforegoingoutinsummer.夏天出门前，你应该在皮肤上涂抹防晒霜。Shesuccessfullyappliedherknowledgeofcomputersciencetotheproject.她成功地将自己的计算机科学知识运用到了这个项目中。4.Inthenearfuture,geneticistshelptoapplythistechnologytotreatawiderangeofhealthproblems.(line18)应用；申请；涂

applysth.tosth.把……应用到/涂到

applyforsth.申请……

applicationn.申请；应用applicantn.申请人TheadvertisementforengineersontheInternetattractedmany___________(apply).Theman’s___________(apply)formembershipoftheclubwasturneddown.Applythecreamevenly________yourfaceandneck.applicantsapplicationtoAdv.均匀地、相等地Ultimately,thisnewtechnologymightevenmakeitpossible__________(prevent)diseasesfromeverdevelopingbycorrectingabnormalgenesearlyon.(L21)真正宾语形式宾语adv.最终在早期非正常的v.纠正Para3topreventultimately最终；最后；归根结底（结论不是时间先后）Hiscarelessnessultimatelyledtotheaccident.他的粗心大意归根结底导致了这场事故的发生Thesuccessoftheprojectultimatelydependsonourteamwork.这个项目的成功，归根结底取决于我们的团队协作阻止某人做某事stopsb.(from)doingsth.=preventsb.(from)doing=keepsb.fromdoingRegularexercisepreventspeople(from)gettingsickeasily.规律运动能防止人们轻易生病。Noisekeptmefromfallingasleeplastnight.噪音让我昨晚无法入睡。ever曾经；在任何时候HaveyoueverbeentoParis?你曾经去过巴黎吗？Hedoesn’tevercomplainabouthiswork,nomatterhowbusyheis.无论多忙，他在任何时候都不会抱怨自己的工作。Ifyouevercometomycity,pleaseletmeknow.如果你在任何时候来我的城市，请告诉我。

makeit+形容词/名词+todosthmakeitpossibletodosth（使……成为可能）Theinventionofsmartphoneshasmadeitpossibletocommunicatewithfriendsanytimeandanywhere.智能手机的发明让随时随地和朋友沟通成为了可能。makeiteasytodosth（使……变得容易）ThisEnglishdictionarymakesiteasytolookupnewwordswemeetinreading.这本英语词典让查阅阅读中遇到的生词变得很容易。makeitaprioritytodosth（使……成为优先事项）Theschoolmakesitaprioritytoensurestudents’safetyoncampus.学校把保障学生在校安全当作首要任务。句式仿写Teachersconsider_______aruletocheckhomeworkregularly.Ifeel_____comfortabletositbythewindowwhenreading.Ifinditeasy___________(memorize)Englishwordsbymakingsentences.Itisnouse_______(cry)overspiltmilk.覆水难收Thereisnopoint____________(argue)withhim.Thereisno+抽象名词+doingpoint(意义)/sense(道理)/use/good(用处)/way(办法)itittomemorizecryingarguingGenomeediting,______(serve)asanewweaponinthefightagainstdiseases,willleadtoafundamentalchangeinourapproach___healthcare.(L22)V-ing短语做状语基因组编辑，作为抗击疾病的新武器，将会导致我们的医疗保健方式产生根本性的改变。根本性的，基本的方式Para3toservingMasteringbasicgrammarrulesisfundamentaltolearningEnglishwell.掌握基本语法规则是学好英语的基础。Criticalthinkingisfundamentaltosolvingcomplexacademicproblems.批判性思维对解决复杂的学术问题至关重要。fundamental=basic、essential基础的

至关重要的1.Wecanserveasvolunteerstohelpcleanuptheparkthisweekend.这个周末我们可以充当志愿者，帮忙清理公园。2.Shewillserveastheleadertoorganizediscussions.她将担任组长组织讨论。3.Theoldclassroom,________(serve)asatemporaryhospitalduringtheflood,savedmanylives.洪水期间被用作临时医院的那间旧教室，拯救了很多人的生命。4.Servingasabridgebetweenteachersandstudents,thestudentsunionhelpssolvecommunicationproblems.作为师生之间的桥梁，学生会帮助解决沟通问题。5.Hewaschosentowork________avolunteerfortheschoolsportsmeeting.serveas充当

扮演

用作asservingPara4Asthetechnologycontinuestodevelop___afastpace,however,questionsariseabouthowtouseit_______________(appropriate).Shouldwerestrictouruseofthistechnology___thetreatmentandpreventionofdiseases?Shouldweprohibitgeneticistsfrom______(use)ittoenhancehealthybodies?appropriatelyattousing快速地产生出现合适的

恰当的限制禁止然而，随着这一技术不断迅速发展，出现了如何合理使用它的问题。我们是否应该将这种技术的使用限制在治疗和预防疾病方面?我们是否应该禁止遗传学家使用它(基因组编辑技术)来使健康的身体更加强健？rise（vi.不及物，无宾语，自然/自发）Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.太阳从东方升起，西方落下。Thetemperaturehasrisenby5degreessinceyesterday.自昨天起，气温上升了5度。Sherosefromherseatandbowedtotheaudience.她从座位上站起来，向观众鞠躬。arise（vi.不及物，无宾语，抽象事物出现）Alotofproblemsaroseduringthegroupproject.小组项目期间出现了很多问题。Anopportunitytostudyabroadarosesuddenly.一个出国留学的机会突然出现了。Hearoseearlytocatchthefirsttraintothecity.他早起赶去城里的第一班火车。上升；升起；起身出现；产生；起身raise（vt.及物，必须接宾语，人为主动Theteacheraskedthestudenttoraisehishandbeforespeaking.老师要求学生发言前先举手。Herparentsraisedheraloneafterherfatherpassedaway.她父亲去世后，母亲独自抚养她长大。Theyareraisingmoneyforthechildreninpoorareas.他们正在为贫困地区的孩子筹款。Ourschoolwillraisethescholarshipfortopstudentsnextyear.我们学校明年会提高优等生的奖学金。arouse（vt.及物，必须接宾语，激起情感/反应）Themovie’stouchingplotarousedgreatsympathyamongtheaudience.这部电影感人的情节在观众中激起了强烈的共鸣。Hisstrangebehaviorarousedthepolice’ssuspicion.他奇怪的行为引起了警方的怀疑Theinterestinglecturearousedstudents’interestinastronomy.这场有趣的讲座激起了学生对天文学的兴趣举起；提高；筹集；抚养激起；唤醒rise,raise,arise，arouse单词词性核心含义关键特点（高中必记）rise不及物上升；升起；起身无宾语，自然/自发发生（如太阳、价格、温度）raise及物举起；提高；筹集；抚养必须接宾语，人为主动动作（如举手、提工资、养孩子）arise不及物出现；产生；起身无宾语，多接抽象名词（问题、困难、机会）arouse及物激起；唤醒必须接宾语，多接抽象情感/反应（兴趣、怀疑、睡意）risetothechallenge应对挑战raisequestions/doubts提出问题/质疑arouseone’sinterestin激起某人对……的兴趣raiseone’shand举手raiseone’svoice提高音量（表愤怒/强调）raiseafamily养家糊口arouseattention引起注意raiseawarenessof提高……的意识raisemoneyfor为……筹款Shouldwerestrictouruseofthistechnology___thetreatmentandpreventionofdiseases?（L26）我们是否应该将这种技术的使用限制在治疗和预防疾病方面?restrictvt.限制,限定;束缚,妨碍;约束,管束restrictsth.to.将……限定到……Theschoolrestrictsstudents'useofmobilephonestoafter-classtimeonly.学校将学生使用手机的时间限定在课后。Myparentsrestrictmyscreentimetoonehouradaytoprotectmyeyes.父母将我的屏幕使用时间限制在每天一小时，以保护我的视力。torestrictsb.fromdoingsth.限制某人做某事restrictdoingsth.限制做某事Doctorsusuallyrestrictpatientswithhighbloodpressurefromeatingtoomuchsalt.医生通常会限制高血压患者吃太多盐。Trafficlawsrestrictdriversfromdrivingafterdrinkingalcoholtoreduceaccidents.交通法规限制司机酒后alchohol驾车，以减少事故。Thelibraryrestrictsreadersfromtalkingloudlytomaintainaquietenvironment.Thatiswhyweneedtokeepquiet.图书馆限制读者大声交谈，以维持安静的环境。这就是为我们要保持安静。Users__________________________certainwebsitesonthisnetwork.用户在这个网络上被限制访问某些网站。联想：keep/stop/preventsb.fromdoing阻止某人做某事

arerestrictedfromaccessing

Thenewlaw_________smokinginpublicplaces.2.Infuturewewillrestrictclasssizes____20students.3.Thereare____________onwhatyoucanbringintoourschool.4.Thenumberofparticipantsisrestricted______50peopleduetospacelimitations.5.Teenagers______________(restrict)fromsmokinginmostpublicplacesinChina.6.Itisbecauseofthetrafficlaws________drivers______(restrict)fromdrivingafterdrinking.7.____________(restrict)fromusingelectronicdevicesinexams,studentshavetorelyontheirownmemory.Practicemakesperfect.restrictstorestrictionstoarerestrictedarerestrictedthatRestrictedShouldweprohibitgeneticistsfrom______(use)ittoenhancehealthybodies?prohibit/ban_______sth;禁止做某事

法律法规、官方规定

禁止某人做某事（尤指以法令）禁止≈ban我们是否应该禁止遗传学家使用它(基因组编辑技术)来使健康的身体更加强健？v.加强，增加usingprohibit/bansb.fromdoingsth.doingThelawprohibitssmokinginpublicplaces.

→Smokinginpublicplaces____________bythelaw法律禁止在公共场所吸烟Thelawprohibitspeoplefromhuntingwildanimals.→People______________________________________bythelawareprohibitedfromhuntingwildanimalsisprohibitedOnedaysoon,wewillbeabletousegeneticediting__________(increase)thehuman___________(resist)tocoldsandflus,tomakepeopletaller,tohelptheirmusclesdevelopfaster,to

sharpenalloftheirsensesortomakethemmore___________(intelligence).(L29)Para4n.抵抗力，反抗v.（使）变锋利，改善，提高n.感官不久的将来，我们将能够使用基因组编辑来增强人类对感冒和流感的抵抗力，使人长高，帮助他们的肌肉更快地发育,使他们所有的感官更加敏镜，或使他们更加聪明。to不定式短语的平行结构，层层深入列举基因组编辑对人类未来的影响toincreaseintelligentresistanceOnedaysoon,wewillbeabletousegeneticeditingtoincreasethehumanresistance____coldsandflus,tomakepeopletaller...(L29)n.抵抗力；反抗Para4toresistance（抵抗；阻力）

resistancetosth.（对……的被动抵抗

）＋疾病

、变化

resistanceagainst（对……的主动抗争）＋战争、压迫、侵略resistancetocolds对感冒的抵抗力resistancetocancer抗癌

resistancetonewideas对新观念的抗拒resistancetowater防水性

resistancetohightemperatures耐高温性

resistanceagainsttheenemy对抗敌人

resistanceagainstinjustice对抗不公

resistanceagainstaggression抵抗侵略theWarofResistanceagainstJapaneseAggression中华民族抗日战争(Aggression侵略；侵犯)Theachievementsof