2025年10月自考00015英语(二)真题及答案

2025年10月自考00015英语(二)真题及答案第一部分选择题（共50分）一、单项选择（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。1.Thecommitteeinsistedthatthereport______beforeFriday.A.befinishedB.wasfinishedC.hadfinishedD.finishes2.Notuntilthetrainarrived______howmuchluggageshehadbrought.A.sherealizedB.didsherealizeC.shehadrealizedD.hadsherealized3.Thenewpolicyisintendedtoprovideequal______toeducationforruralchildren.A.excessB.assessC.accessD.asset4.______hisgreatwealth,henevershowsoffinpublic.A.DespiteB.InspiteC.AlthoughD.However5.Bytheendofnextyear,thebridge______for80years.A.willstandB.willhavestoodC.hasstoodD.hadstood6.Themanagerdemandedthatthefaultysoftware______immediately.A.replaceB.replacedC.bereplacedD.replaces7.Itwasessentialthateveryapplicant______theforminperson.A.submitB.submittedC.submitsD.submitting8.Themorecarefullyyouplan,______youcanreducetherisk.A.themoreB.themostC.thelessD.thelittle9.Onlyafterthemeeting______theimportanceoftheproject.A.didIappreciateB.IappreciatedC.IhadappreciatedD.hadIappreciated10.ThescientistspokesoquicklythatIcould______followwhathewassaying.A.nearlyB.barelyC.hardlyeverD.almost11.Thenovelissaid______into30languagessofar.A.totranslateB.tohavetranslatedC.tohavebeentranslatedD.tobetranslated12.I’dratheryou______methetruthyesterday.A.tellB.toldC.hadtoldD.wouldtell13.Thefactorywasclosedforfailingto______thesafetyregulations.A.complywithB.correspondtoC.consistofD.comparewith14.Notonly______thebook,butshealsowrotethepreface.A.sheeditedB.didsheeditC.shehadeditedD.hadsheedited15.Thelecturewassoboringthatmanystudentscouldn’thelp______.A.yawnB.yawningC.toyawnD.yawned16.Thepoliceareinvestigatingthe______surroundingtheaccident.A.circumstancesB.environmentsC.situationsD.conditions17.I’lllendyoumycamera______youpromisetohandleitcarefully.A.asmuchasB.aslongasC.asfarasD.aswellas18.Thedata______bytheresearchteamlastmonthhasprovedinvaluable.A.werecollectedB.wascollectedC.collectedD.collecting19.TheCEOemphasizedthatinnovation______ateverylevelofthecompany.A.encourageB.beencouragedC.isencouragedD.encourages20.Theproposal,______attheboardmeeting,willbeimplementednextquarter.A.havingapprovedB.approvedC.approvingD.toapprove二、完形填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。In2019,ateamofpsychologistssetouttoexaminehowthecolorofclassroomwallsaffectsstudents’academicperformance.Theypaintedthreegroupsofroomseitheroff-white,lightblue,orbrightred.Overoneacademicyear,morethan400pupilsaged11to13wererandomlyassignedtotheseroomsfortheirmathandreadinglessons.Totheresearchers’surprise,thecolorreddidnot,aspopularlybelieved,raisestudents’alertness.Instead,itsignificantly21theirabilitytoconcentrateduringextendedtasks.Pupilsinredroomsscoredonaverage12percent22inmonthlymathteststhanthoseinoff-whiterooms.Interviewsrevealedthatthecolorwas23withfeelingsofevaluationandthreat,possiblybecauseteachersoftenuseredinktomarkerrors.Lightblue,ontheotherhand,24acalmingeffect.Heart-ratemonitorsshowedlower25ratesamongstudentsinbluerooms,andtheirreading-comprehensionscoresimprovedbyanaverageof8percent.However,thebenefitsplateauedafteraboutthreemonths,suggestingthat26toanysinglecolormayloseitsimpactovertime.Thefindingshave27implicationsforschooldesigners.Ratherthanadoptingauniformpalette,architectsmightconsider28colorschemesthatcanbemodifiedastheacademicyearprogresses.Forexample,magneticwallpanelscouldallowteachersto29warmorcoolhuesdependingonthelearningobjective:warmercolorsforbrainstormingsessions,cooleronesforquietreading.Still,theresearcherscautionthatcolorisonlyone30inthecomplexequationoflearning.Smallerclasssizes,teacherquality,andnaturallightingall31morestronglywithachievement.Yetinaneraoftightbudgets,afreshcoatofpaintmaybeacost-effectivewayto32evenmodestgains.Aboveall,thestudy33educatorstoquestionassumptions.“Wetendtothinkoftheclassroomasaneutralspace,”notesleadauthorDr.Morales,“buteverydesignchoicesendsa34.”Eventhemostsubtlevisualcuescanshapehowstudents35theirownpotential.21.A.enhancedB.impairedC.acceleratedD.triggered22.A.lowerB.higherC.betterD.worse23.A.associatedB.combinedC.confusedD.covered24.A.producedB.reducedC.opposedD.declined25.A.respiratoryB.heartC.bloodD.pulse26.A.resistanceB.exposureC.allergyD.conversion27.A.practicalB.theoreticalC.controversialD.temporary28.A.flexibleB.fixedC.brightD.dark29.A.switchB.maintainC.dissolveD.reject30.A.variableB.equationC.formulaD.constant31.A.correlateB.interfereC.contradictD.replace32.A.withdrawB.attainC.overlookD.undermine33.A.urgesB.forbidsC.trainsD.permits34.A.contractB.signalC.lessonD.draft35.A.overlookB.perceiveC.predictD.surrender三、阅读理解（本大题共3篇短文，每篇后5小题，每小题2分，共30分）PassageAThe“15-minutecity”isanurban-planningconceptthatenvisionsneighborhoodswhereresidentscanreachmostdailynecessitieswithinaquarter-hourwalkorbikeride.Proponentsarguethatreducingcardependencycutscarbonemissions,fosterscommunityinteraction,andimprovespublichealth.Critics,however,warnofincreasedpropertypricesandtheriskofentrenchingsocialinequalityifservicesareunevenlydistributed.ParismayorAnneHidalgohaschampionedthemodel,pledgingtomakeeverydistrictcomplyby2030.Theplanincludesconverting60,000on-streetparkingspacesintogreenareasandbikelanes.Earlydatashowa12%dropinparticulatepollutioninpilotarrondissements,yetlocalshopkeepersreporta5%declineinsales,attributingittoreducedcartraffic.36.Theprimarygoalofthe15-minutecityisto______.A.boostretailrevenueB.shortenworkhoursC.reduceautomobileuseD.increasepropertyvalue37.Whatconcerndocriticsexpress?A.OvercrowdedsidewalksB.WideningsocialgapsC.ExcessiveconstructionD.Cyber-securityrisks38.Parisaimstoachievefullcomplianceby______.A.2025B.2030C.2035D.204039.Particulatepollutioninpilotdistrictshasfallenby______.A.5%B.10%C.12%D.15%40.Localshopkeepersbelievetheirdecliningsalesarecausedby______.A.onlinecompetitionB.fewerparkingspotsC.higherrentsD.laborshortagesPassageBDeep-seaminingfirmsareracingtoextractpolymetallicnodules—potato-sizedrocksrichincobalt,nickelandmanganese—fromthePacific’sClarion-ClippertonZone.Themetalsarevitalforelectric-carbatteries,yetbiologistscautionthatminingmaywipeoutspeciesnotyetdescribedbyscience.A2024studysimulatedminingdisturbanceandfoundthateven30yearslater,invertebratebiomasshadrecoveredbyonly28%.TheInternationalSeabedAuthoritywillfinalizeregulationsin2026;untilthen,amoratoriumadvocatedbyseveralPacificnationsremainsvoluntary.41.Polymetallicnodulesarecomparedtopotatoestoemphasizetheir______.A.nutritionalvalueB.shapeandsizeC.colorD.taste42.Themetalsaresoughtmainlyformanufacturing______.A.solarpanelsB.windturbinesC.batteriesD.plasticpipes43.Accordingtothe2024study,afterthreedecadesinvertebratebiomasshadrecoveredby______.A.28%B.36%C.50%D.80%44.TheInternationalSeabedAuthoritywillfinalizerulesin______.A.2024B.2025C.2026D.202745.Atpresent,themoratoriumis______.A.legallybindingB.universallyignoredC.voluntaryD.automaticallyenforcedPassageCIn2023,theEuropeanCourtofJusticeruledthatgene-editedcropsmustabidebythesamestringentregulationsasconventionalgeneticallymodifiedorganisms.ThedecisiondismayedscientistswhoarguethatCRISPRtechniqueslikebase-editingmerelyacceleratenaturalmutationsandcouldreducepesticideuse.Conversely,organic-farmingassociationswelcomedtheverdict,claimingitprotects“theintegrityofthefoodchain.”EconomistspredicttherulingwillpushresearchinvestmenttowardNorthAmericanandAsianmarkets,potentiallywideningtheEU’sagriculturaltradedeficit.46.Thecourt’srulingappliestocropsmodifiedvia______.A.cross-pollinationB.CRISPRC.irrigationD.fertilization47.Scientistsbelievegeneeditingcouldleadto______pesticideuse.A.increasedB.unchangedC.reducedD.banned48.Organicassociationsviewtheverdictassafeguarding______.A.seedpricesB.food-chainintegrityC.exportquotasD.laborrights49.EconomistsforecastthatEUresearchfundsmaymigrateto______.A.AfricaandSouthAmericaB.NorthAmericaandAsiaC.AustraliaD.Antarctica50.ThepotentialconsequencefortheEUisalargeragricultural______.A.surplusB.subsidyC.tradedeficitD.laborforce第二部分非选择题（共50分）四、翻译（本大题共2小题，每小题15分，共30分）51.将下列短文译成英文：人工智能并非万能。它擅长识别数据中的模式，却不具备人类的常识与情感。若盲目依赖算法，我们可能陷入“自动化偏见”——即过度相信机器而忽视明显错误。因此，技术治理的核心在于保持人的判断力，让算法成为辅助，而非替代。52.将下列短文译成中文：Thecirculareconomyrejectsthetraditional“take-make-dispose”modelinfavorofloopsthatkeepmaterialsinuse.Designingproductsfordisassembly,leasingratherthansellinggoods,andrewardingcompaniesforresourceproductivityratherthanvolumearekeylevers.Yetscalingthesepracticesrequiresharmonizedstandards,transparentsupply-chaindata,andaculturalshiftfromownershiptostewardship.五、写作（本大题共1题，20分）53.根据以下要点写一篇约150词的英文短文：1.近年来“知识付费”在中国迅速兴起；2.其受欢迎的原因；3.你对此现象的评价。参考答案与解析一、单项选择1.Ainsist后接宾语从句用虚拟语气：(should)+动词原形。2.BNotuntil置于句首需部分倒装，且arrived为过去时，故选didsherealize。3.Caccessto为固定搭配，意为“获得……的机会”。4.ADespite后直接接名词，inspite需加of。5.Bby+将来时间用将来完成时。6.Cdemand后接宾语从句用虚拟，被动含义。7.Aessential后接虚拟语气。8.Cthe+比较级，the+比较级结构。9.AOnlyafter引导状语从句，主句需倒装，且动作发生在过去。10.Bbarely表示“几乎不能”，符合so…that的否定结果。11.C不定式完成被动式表示“据说已被翻译”。12.Cwouldrather后接宾语从句用过去完成时表示对过去事实的虚拟。13.Acomplywith意为“遵守”。14.BNotonly置于句首需倒装。15.Bcan’thelpdoing为固定结构。16.Acircumstances指“具体情况”。17.Baslongas引导条件状语从句，“只要”。18.C过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于thatwascollected。19.B虚拟语气，被动含义。20.B过去分词作后置定语，表被动且动作已完成。二、完形填空21.Bimpaired表示“削弱”。22.Alower与12percent搭配表示“低12%”。23.Aassociatedwith固定搭配。24.Aproducedacalmingeffect产生镇静效果。25.Bheart-ratemonitors测心率。26.Bexposure暴露于单一颜色。27.Apracticalimplications实际意义。28.Aflexible灵活的配色方案。29.Aswitch转换颜色。30.Avariable变量。31.Acorrelatewith与……相关。32.B