2026年抑郁症英语测试题及答案

2026年抑郁症英语测试题及答案

一、单项选择题，(总共10题，每题2分)。1.在DSM-5中，重度抑郁发作的核心症状必须持续至少A.1周B.2周C.3周D.4周2.下列哪项神经递质最常与抑郁病理机制关联？A.GABAB.HistamineC.SerotoninD.Acetylcholine3.英文术语“anhedonia”最准确的中文对应是A.焦虑B.快感缺失C.情感倒错D.意志减退4.选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂的首字母缩写为A.SNRIsB.SSRIsC.NDRIsD.TCAs5.在PHQ-9量表中，提示“中度抑郁”的分值区间为A.0–4B.5–9C.10–14D.15–196.下列哪句英文表述最符合认知行为疗法对负性自动想法的质疑？A.Imustalwaysbeperfect.B.Whatistheevidenceforthisthought?C.Ifeelsad,thereforethesituationishopeless.D.Mypastpredictsmyfuture.7.产后抑郁的英文标准术语是A.BabybluesB.PostpartumpsychosisC.PostpartumdepressionD.Maternityblues8.在ICD-11中，抑郁障碍首次明确列出的亚型是A.SeasonalpatternB.MelancholicfeaturesC.RecurrentbriefdepressionD.Catatonicfeatures9.英文短语“treatment-resistantdepression”通常指至少经过多少种足量足疗程抗抑郁药无效？A.1B.2C.3D.410.下列哪项不是FDA批准的氯胺酮类抗抑郁剂型？A.EsketaminenasalsprayB.RacemicketamineIVC.OralketaminecapsuleD.Esketamineoralfilm二、填空题，(总共10题，每题2分)。11.Theacronymforthe21-itemclinician-ratedscalewidelyusedtoquantifydepressionseverityis________.12.InBeck’scognitivetriad,thethreedomainsofnegativethinkingarethoughtsabouttheself,theworld,andthe________.13.The________hypothesissuggeststhatdepressionmayresultfromreducedadultneurogenesisinthehippocampus.14.TheEnglishtermfor“晨重夜轻”moodvariationis________diurnalvariation.15.Thefirst-linerecommendedpsychotherapyforadolescentdepressionintheNICEguidelineis________therapy.16.ThecytochromeenzymemostfrequentlyimplicatedinSSRImetabolismis________2D6.17.Therelapseratewithinoneyearaftersuccessfuldiscontinuationofantidepressantsaveragesapproximately________percent.18.TheEnglishabbreviationfortheglutamatereceptorsubtypeantagonizedbyketamineis________receptor.19.The________scaleisa10-itemself-reportinstrumentspecificallydesignedtoscreendepressioninprimarycare.20.Theterm“________depression”referstoamajordepressiveepisodesuperimposedonpersistentdepressivedisorder.三、判断题，(总共10题，每题2分)。21.“Maskeddepression”isanofficialdiagnosticsubtypeinDSM-5.22.TheSTARDstudyfoundthatcumulativeremissionratesincreasewithsequentialtreatmentsteps.23.Englishguidelinerecommendsroutinelithiumaugmentationforfirst-linetreatmentofmilddepression.24.“Lead-piperigidity”isacommonmotorsymptominretardeddepression.25.Theterm“depressiverealism”impliesthatdepressedindividualsarealwaysinaccurateintheirjudgments.26.InEnglishliterature,“doubledepression”indicatescoexistingMDDanddysthymia.27.EsketamineisadministeredunderaRiskEvaluationandMitigationStrategy(REMS)intheUnitedStates.28.“Post-strokedepression”ismorelikelytooccurafterleft-hemisphericlesionsthanright-hemisphericlesions.29.TheEnglishphrase“all-or-nothingthinking”isaclassiccognitivedistortioninCBT.30.Melancholicfeaturesaremoreresponsivetoplacebothantoantidepressantmedication.四、简答题，(总共4题，每题5分)。31.BrieflydescribetheEnglishdefinitionandclinicalsignificanceof“anhedonia”inmajordepressivedisorder.32.SummarizeinEnglishthekeydifferencesbetween“adjustmentdisorderwithdepressedmood”and“majordepressivedisorder”.33.ExplaininEnglishwhysleepdeprivationtherapycanproducerapidbuttransientantidepressanteffects.34.OutlineinEnglishthreelinguisticstrategiestherapistsusetoreframenegativeself-talkduringCBTsessions.五、讨论题，(总共4题，每题5分)。35.DiscussinEnglishtheethicalimplicationsofprescribingplaceboinclinicaltrialsfortreatment-resistantdepression.36.Criticallyevaluatetheargumentthatantidepressantmedicationmerelytreatssymptomsratherthantherootcauseofdepression.37.ExamineinEnglishhowculturalnarrativesshapetheunder-reportingofdepressioninmalepopulations.38.Analyzethepotentialimpactoflong-termketaminetreatmentoncognitivefunction,usingevidencefromEnglish-languagestudies.答案与解析一、1.B2.C3.B4.B5.C6.B7.C8.C9.B10.C二、11.HAM-D12.future13.neurogenic14.morning-worse15.CBT16.CYP17.5018.NMDA19.PHQ-920.double三、21.F22.T23.F24.F25.F26.T27.T28.T29.T30.F四、31.Anhedoniadenotesmarkedlydiminishedinterestorpleasureinall,oralmostall,activitiesmostoftheday,nearlyeveryday.ItisacorediagnosticcriterionofMDD,stronglylinkedtodopaminergicmesolimbicdysfunction,andpredictspoorertreatmentresponseandhigherrelapserisk.32.Adjustmentdisorderonsetfollowsanidentifiablestressorwithin3months,symptomsaresub-syndromal,anddurationdoesnotexceed6monthsafterstressortermination.MDDrequires5symptomsfor2weeks,mayarisewithoutclearstress,andcanpersistformonthsoryears.33.Onenightoftotalsleepdeprivationacutelyincreasessynapticdopamineandglutamate,normalizesdefault-modehyperconnectivity,andshiftscircadiangeneexpression,yieldingrapidmoodlift;however,relapseafterrecoverysleeplimitsitsclinicalutilitywithoutconsolidationstrategies.34.Therapists(1)replaceabsoluteslike“always”withqualifiers“sometimes”,(2)transformpersonalstatements“I’mafailure”intosituationaldescriptions“Thistaskwasdifficult”,and(3)askforevidence“IsthereproofIamworthless?”tofostercognitiveflexibility.五、35.Usingplacebointreatment-resistantdepressiontrialsraisesethicaltensionbetweenscientificvalidityandpatientvulnerability.Whileplacebo-controlleddesignsremainthegoldstandardfordetectingefficacy,withholdingpotentiallyeffectiveactivetreatmentfromseverelyillsubjectsmayviolatebeneficence.Ethicalprotocolsnowmandaterescueprocedures,taperedwithdrawal,andinformedconsentemphasizinguncertainty,balancingscientificneedagainstparticipantwelfare.36.Thesymptom-versus-causedebatehingesonconceptualizingdepressionasafinalcommonpathwayofbiological,psychological,andsocialvectors.Medicationscorrectneurochemicaldysregulation,arguablyaproximatecause,yetdonotaddressdistalcontributorslikechronicstressortrauma.Criticscontendthatfocusingsolelyonpharmacologyrisksmedicalizingexistentialdistress;proponentsarguethatsymptomreliefcreatesthepsychologicalbandwidthforpsychotherapyandsocialchange,constitutingindirectcausalintervention.37.Culturalscriptsequatemasculinitywithstoicism,autonomy,andemotionalcontrol,discouraginghelp-seeking.Englishphraseslike“manup”or“boysdon’tcry”internalizeshame,leadingmentoexternalizedistressviasubstanceuseoraggress