山东省临沂市2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题 （原卷版）

2/2临沂市2021级普通高中学科素养水平监测试卷英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howdidthewomangettothemeeting?ABycar.B.Bybike.C.Bysubway.2.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Loseweight.B.Takemedicine.C.Changehisdiet.3.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Themanshouldgetuplater.B.Themanshouldhaveaholiday.C.Themanshouldgotobedearlier.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Makingfood.B.Orderingameal.C.Growingvegetables.5.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inahotel.B.Inaphoneshop.C.Inasupermarket.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatiswrongwiththeman?A.Hefeelshot.B.Hefeelssick.C.Hefeelsthirsty.7.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Takeabreak.B.Drinksomewater.C.Focusonhisreport.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whattypeofbookdoesthemanlike?A.Travel.B.Detective.C.Sciencefiction.9.WhereistheAsiantravelsection?A.Ontheleftoftheman.B.Atthebackoftheman.C.Ontherightoftheman.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofhertown?A.It’slarge.B.It’speaceful.C.It’snoisy.11.Whatisthemainprobleminthewoman’stown?A.Weather.B.Malls.C.Employment.12.Whatdoesthemanwanttodointhefuture?A.Movetoabigcity.B.Visitthewoman’stown.C.Protectsomeoldbuildings.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatdoesthemanrecommenddoing?A.Researchingthediet.B.Losingweightquickly.C.Havinglessfoodforeachmeal.14Whatshouldthewomandoforthechangeaccordingtotheman?A.Lookforanewjob.B.Trydifferentmethods.C.Changehereatingslowly.15.Whatdoesthewomandoforexercise?A.Weightlifting.B.Running.C.Yoga.16.Whoarethespeakers?A.Brotherandsister.B.Bossandemployee.C.Trainerandstudent.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whattimedoesthespeakerhaveadailycallwiththemanagementteam?A.At7:00a.m.B.At9:00a.m.C.At10:00a.m.18.Wheredoesthespeakerliftweights?A.Inthegym.B.Inhisgarden.C.Inhislivingroom.19.Howdoesthespeakerlive?A.Byhimself.B.Withhisfriends.C.Withhisco-workers.20.Whatdoesthespeakerdoeverynight?A.Hegoesrunning.B.Hewatchesvideos.C.Hetalkstohisfamilyonline.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFamousforitssunnybeachesandnaturalwonders,MiyakoIslandwelcomesmanyvisitorsduringholidays.UniquebeachesYonahaMaehamaBeachisthemostfamousbeachinMiyakoIsland,wherewhitesandstretchesforsevenkilometers.Theoceaniscoloredinemeraldblue,attractingvisitorswithitsbeauty.CompactSunayamaBeach,knownforitsarch-shapedrock,islocatedinasmallcove,andisaccessedbywalkingthroughanarrowtunneloftrees.DiverseandcolorfulfishSnorkeling(潜水)isamust-tryinMiyakoIsland.Densecoralreefs,schoolsoftropicalfish,seaturtlesandplentyofspacetofreedivetodepthsof8to15metersclosetotheshorearestandoutfeatures.Forbeginners,AragusukuandShigiraareagoodchoicebutadvancedsnorkelersmayseeImgyoMarineGarden,WaiwaiBeachandShimojishimaastheirultimatespots.ThebridgesIrabuBridgeisthelongesttoll-freebridgeinJapan.ItconnectsMiyakoIslandandIrabujima,stretchingfor3540m,drawingagentlecurve(曲线).Thelengthofthebridgecanalsobereadas“san(3)go(5)noshi(4)ma,”meaningcoralislandinJapanese.SmallerbridgesconnectIrabuandShimojiislands,givingvisitorsadditionalbeachoptions.OnShimojiIsland,thereisaboardwalkaroundTooriike,twodramaticmarine(海洋的)pondsconnectedtoeachotherandtheseabyanunderwatercavesystem.Formoreinformation,pleaseclickherewww.travelguide.com.1.WhatisspecialabouttheCompactSunayamaBeach?A.Itsrockisarch-shaped.BThewhitesandstretcheslong.C.Theoceaniscoloredinemeraldblue.D.Itslocationisinanarrowtunneloftree.2.Whichplaceisthebestforexperiencedsnorkelers?A.Aragusuku. B.Irabu. C.Waiwaibeach. D.Shigira.3.WhatcanweknowaboutIrabuBridge?AIthastwomarineponds. B.Itpresentsagentlecurve.C.ItisthelongestbridgeinJapan. D.ItconnectsMiyakoIslandandShimoji.BOriginallyfromBinghamton,SeniorJonathanShapiro,theBusinessmajordecidedtopursuehisdegreetofurtherhismusiccareer.“ThereasonIcameherewasbecauseinmysenioryear,Ihadamanagerwhowastheownerof105.5TheBeat,aradiostationhereinRochester,andheinvitedmetocometothisKevinGatesconcert,”Shapirosaid.“Iworkedwithhimformonths,andIneverendedupsigning…butthisschoolwasclosetohim.”ThemajorityoffellowrappersthatShapirohasencounteredinRochesterlivedifferentlivesthanhedoes—theydon’tgotocollege,andthey’reborn-and-bredinner-cityRochesterresidents.Theyhave,accordingtoShapiro,“alotofreal-lifeexperiences”thatcomethroughintheirwork,whichheadmires.“I’vemetkidsasyoungas15andpeopleasoldas30inthestudios.”Shapirohimselfhasbeenshiftinginto,inhisownwords,“amorehyperpopsound”incomparisontohisearlierwork.Hestartedmakinghisownmusicinseventhgradeafterbreakinghisback,whichshatteredhisdreamofbecomingaprofessionalsoccerplayer,andneverstopped.Inthefuture,ShapiroisplanningajointconcertwithsomeotherRochestermusiciansandrappersinthespringatWaterStreetMusicHall,aswellasreleasingfurthermusicacrossthecourseoftheyear.“ItwouldbeamixoflocalartistsandsomeURartists,likeafestival,”Shapirosaid.“IwantittobeashowcaseofmultipleartistsifIcanmakethathappen.”WhenaskedaboutadvicethathewouldgivetoambitiousmusiciansandrappershereinRochester,Shapirohadthistosay:“Don’tgetdiscouragedbyresultsanddon’tberesults-oriented(导向).Ifyouwanttogetoutthere,doitbecauseyouloveitandbecauseyouwanttomakegoodart,andthatwillalwayshaveanimpact.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutShapiroinparagraph1?A.Hebecameastaffofaradiostation.B.Hewentonwithhismusiclearning.C.Heworkedasamanagerinaconcert.D.Hegraduatedfromabusinessschool.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“shattered”meaninparagraph3?A.Killed. B.Fulfilled. C.Continued. D.Abandoned.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeShapiro?A.Adorableandreliable. B.Positiveandtalented.C.Cooperativeandadmirable. D.Courageousandexperienced.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.FocusingonResultsAlwaysMattersB.SettingGoalscanBuildaLife-longCareerC.LearningfromFailureistheKeytoSuccessD.FollowingYourHeartcanMakeaDifferenceCThe“butterflyeffect”maybereal,whichisusedtodescribeseeminglyinsignificanteventsthatcanhaveunplannedconsequences.Buttheremightbeamoreliteral“butterflyeffect”takingplacerightbeforeoureyes,scientistssuggest.Accordingtonewresearch,insectsactuallycarryelectricalchargeswhichcanhaveenormouseffectsontheatmosphere,potentiallyinfluencingeventheweather.ThefindingswerepublishedMondayinthejournalScience.Beforeyoucanunderstandthat,youhavetounderstandhowelectricalchargesintheatmospherework.TheEarth’satmospherealwayscarriesanelectricalchargetoalesserorgreaterdegree,whichscientistsrefertoasthePotentialGradient(PG).Scientistsconcludedthatatmosphericelectricityisprimarilydrivenbynaturalweathereventslikethunderstormsandshowerclouds,thoughfactorslikehumanpollutionalsoaffectit.Researchers,therefore,wanttoknowhowelectricalchargesimpactclouds.Toconfirmthathoneybeescarryelectricalcharges,researchersplacedanelectricalfieldmonitornearaswarmof(一群)honeybeesneartheUniversityofBristol.Theyalsoplacedacontrolmonitorinafieldwheretherewerenobeeswarms.Themonitornearthebeeswarmpickedupanincreaseinelectricalchargewhereasthecontrolmonitordetectednosucheffect,confirmingtheirassumption.Second,theresearcherswantedtocalculatetheinsects’electricaleffectsontheatmospherecomparedtotheelectricalimpactsofnaturalweathereventslikecloudsandduststorms.Theycalculatedtheelectricalchargeofthreedifferenttypesofinsectswarms.Mostsurprisingly,insects’electricalchargescanhavejustassignificantanimpactonatmosphericelectricityasnaturalweatherevents.Theknowledgethatinsectsimpacttheatmosphere’selectricityhasbiggerimplicationsforscience.PGaffectsthe“movementofaerosols(气溶胶)intheatmosphere,andleadstochargingofdropletsinsomeclouds,”accordingtoHunting.Insectswarmslikelywon’tdriveweathereventslikethunderstorms,buttheycouldimpactthemovementoftheseatmosphericaerosols.Furtherresearchwilldiveintothispreviouslyunexploredfieldofscientificresearchandmaygobeyondinsects,sinceorganismslikebirdsandmicrobesalsocarryelectricalcharges.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph3referto?A.Thebackgroundoftheresearch.B.ThepublicationofjournalScience.C.Theworkofelectricalchargesinatmosphere.D.Theelectricaleffectsofinsectsonatmosphere.9.Howdidresearchersconducttheprocessofexperiments?A.Byusingstatistics. B.Byanalyzingcauses.C.Byintroducingconcepts. D.Bymakingcomparisons.10.Whichhastheleastelectricaleffectsontheatmosphere’selectricity?A.Humanpollution. B.Showerclouds.C.Thethunderstorms. D.Theinsectswarms.11Whatcanwelearnabouttheresearchfromthepassage?A.Insectswarmsarelikelytodrivethunderstorms.B.Naturalweathereventsleadtochargingofdroplets.C.BothPGandinsectswarmsaffectthemovementofatmosphericaerosols.D.Researchershavemadecontrolledexperimentbetweeninsectsandorganisms.DRunninghaslongbeenconsideredoneofthemostefficient,convenient,andbeneficialworkouts.Butsomeclaimyougetmoreoutoftheclassicwayofexercisingwithanewtechnique—orrathera180-degreeabout-face.AstudyledbyDr.Gardnerpublishedin2016intheJournalofStrengthandConditioningbacksthisup.Researchersfoundthatrunningbackwardsbenefitedathletesbyimprovingtheirrunningeconomy;byrunningbackwardsovertimetheathletesbecamebetterrunnersoverall.Unlikeforwardrunning,whichgenerallyusesthemusclesinthefrontoftheleg,runningbackwardsprimarilyusesthemusclesofthebottomchain,especiallythecalf（腓）musclesandglutes.Dr.Gardneradds,“Withinjustaminuteortwoofrunningbackwards,you’llstarttofeeltheburninginyourcalves!”FrankieRuiz,alongtimecross-countryrunningcoachandchiefrunningofficerexplainsthatasidefrommovinginreverse,runningbackwardsdiffersfromregularrunningbecauseitrequiresanentirelydifferentcombinationofthingstodocorrectly.Runningbackwardsmaybeeasierontheknees.“Inabackwardsmovement,thesetofmusclesinvolvedinabsorbingtheimpactinthelowerlevelareopposite.Yourlowerlegmusclesaredoingmostoftheabsorbing,therebyplacinglessstressontheknees.Runningbackwardswillrecruitlesserutilizedmusclesresultinginmusclegrowthandtoning,”saysRuiz.Inadditiontousingdifferentmusclesthanrunningforwards,runningbackwardsenhancesbalanceandposture,“asitforcesyoutostayinamoreuprightposition,”Gardnersays.Astoclaimsthatrunningbackwardscanburnmorecaloriesthanforwardrunning,Gardnersaysit’snotsoblackandwhite.Lotsoffactors(includingheartrate,age,andothers)affecthowmanycaloriesyouburnduringanyparticularactivity.“Differentmusclepatternusagedoesn’tnecessarilyburnmorecalories.Itistheintensity（强度）thatmattersmost,”shepointsout.Becauserunningbackwardscausesmoremuscleactivitythanrunningforwards,however,Gardnernotesitmakessensethatonemightburnmorecalories,butthere’snotconclusivedataonexactcalorieconsumptiondifferences.12.Whatisthebenefitofrunningbackwards?A.Itcombinesvariousmuscles.B.Itcanbetterathletes’performance.C.Itfreesthefrontmusclesoftheleg.D.Itgetscalfmusclesandglutesburned.13.WhyisRuiz’sopiniononrunningbackwardsmentioned?A.Tostatemoreofitsadvantages.B.Tosharehispersonalpreference.C.Toshowitspromisingdevelopment.D.Tointroducedetailedguidanceonit.14.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Caloriesconsumptionisdifficulttomeasure.B.Usingdifferentmusclescanburnmorecalories.C.Theamountofcaloriesburningdependsonmanyaspects.D.Runningbackwardsburnsmorecaloriesthanrunningforwards.15.Whowouldbenefitmostfromthispassage?A.Nutritionistspursuingabalanceddiet.B.Patientshopingtocuretheirinjuredknees.C.Coachesintendingtobettertheirtrainingmethods.D.Runnersseekingtoimprovetheireconomicalsituation.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Asmallchangecanmakeabigdifferencetoyourhealthandwell-being.Takeyourpickfromtheseeasyhabitstoadopttoday.Standtallwhenyou’rehurting____16____.Butdidyouknowitcanmakeyoubetterabletocopewithpain?Contrarytopopularbelief,sayCanadianresearchers,curlingupintoaballcanactuallymakepainworse.Youcanadoptadominantpose—bystandingtallandpushingoutyourchest.____17____.Itmayalsoleadtohormonal(荷尔蒙的)changesthatencouragepaintolerance.____18____Tryingtocutdownonalcohol?Itpaystoswitchglasses,aswellasmeasures.Accordingtolatestresearch,theshapeoftheglassyouusecaninfluencehowmuchyoudrink.Pickingastraightglassoveracurvedoneenablesyoutomoreaccuratelyjudgetheamountsyou’reconsuming.Alsotrydrinkingfromasmallerglass.Biggeronesencouragepeopletodrinkmore.Don’teatinfrontoftheTVEatingwhiledistractednotonlymeansyou’remorelikelytoconsumeextracalories.____19____,soyou’remorelikelytoovereatlaterintheday,accordingtoareviewofstudiesattheUniversityofLiverpool.“Ifpeoplerecalledtheirlastmealasbeingfillingandsatisfying,theyatelessduringtheirnextmeal,”saysDrEricRobinson.StartagratitudehabitNotenjoyingyourjobatthemoment?“Tryfightingitwithagratitudehabit,”suggestsSusannaHalonen.____20____.Itwillhelptoshiftyourperspective,soyou’llsoonstarttonoticethingsyouenjoyaboutyourworkandreplacepre-workdreadwithexcitement.A.SwitchtocurvedglassB.ChangeyourwineglassC.Therearecountlessbenefitstogoodposture,ofcourseD.Butdon’tbeattemptedtoeatyourlunchatthesametimeE.Italsomakesitmoredifficulttorecallhowmuchyou’veeatenF.EndeachworkingdaybywritingalistofthreethingsyoufeelgratefulforG.Itcreatesasenseofpowerandcontrolthatcanmakethepaineasiertobear第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。ElCapitaninYosemiteNationalParkinCaliforniarises3,000-feetfrombasetosummit(最高点).It’savertical(垂首的)wallofrock,makingitapopular____21____forrockclimbersfromallovertheworld.Infact,climberslikeJoeBakersaysummitingElCapitanisthe____22____goalforadventurers.Hisson,SamBaker,becametheyoungestpersontoovercomethe____23____wallofrock.Oh,didwementionthatSamisonly8yearsold?Joehasclimbedthemountainbefore,but____24____fromthebasetothesummit.Makingtheclimbwasadreamofhis,andseeinghissonmeetthe____25____ofoneofthemostdifficultformationsintheworldmadetheexperienceevenmore____26____.Samwaswell-preparedforthehardshipsthey’dencounterwhileclimbing,andhe____27____hardforthetask.OnOctober30th,Sam____28____thetopoftherockface,settingayoungestrecordtoclimbElCapitan!Joe____29____thenewsonInstagram.“We____30____it!”hewrote.“Samwantedtoendour____31____withacuddle(拥抱).I’mso____32____ofSam.HecompletedtheyoungestrecordofclimbingElCapitan!Inafewyearshemight____33____morerecords.”Whatanextraordinary____34____,especiallyforsomeonesoyoung!Wecan’twaittoseethisyoungathletebreaksrecordsashecontinuesonhis____35____journey.21.A.landscape B.destination C.object D.scene22.A.ultimate B.unique C.flexible D.incredible23.A.clean B.impressive C.smooth D.diverse24.A.eventually B.constantly C.never D.sometimes25.A.standard B.requirement C.deadline D.challenge26.A.beneficial B.defensive C.special D.alarming27.A.served B.preserved C.reacted D.trained28.A.left B.gained C.reached D.measured29.A.shared B.noticed C.received D.removed30.A.tried B.made C.kept D.got31.A.adventure B.case C.memory D.plot32.A.worthy B.proud C.aware D.fond33.A.break B.build C.forget D.maintain34.A.evidence B.mission C.arrangement D.achievement35.A.surfing B.studying C.climbing D.living第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Whatmakesafamilyafamilyissubjective,butonethingis____36____(powerful)thananydefinition,andthat’slove.AfterRickBaldwinandhiswifeKeiaJones-BaldwinofKernersville,gotmarried,theycametothedifficult____37____(realize)thatabiologicalbabywasn’tinthecardsfortheirfamily.In2015theJones-Baldwinfamilystartedopeningtheirdoorstochildren____38____mayneverhaveexperiencedrealparentallove.They____39____(adopt)someofthekidssincethefamilywelcomedsixkids.TheirfirstadopteewasAyden,____40____8-year-oldboywholivedwiththemfortwoyearsbeforethey____41____(official)madehimaJones-Baldwin.Princeton,awhitenewborn,wasonlysupposedtobewiththemforacouplemonthsbutalsoendedup____42____(stay)fortwoyearsbeforehejoinedtheexcitedfamily.Keiastartedaplatform____43____(call)RaisingCultures,whereshesharesherexperiencesasamomthrough____44____(video),pictures,andotherresources.Onalargerscale,Keia’sworkwithRaisingCulturesserves_____45_____aremindertoworldthatwhenitcomestofamily,“Loveiscolor-blind.”第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，今年暑假去澳大利亚玩了一周，你的朋友Peter招待了你，请给他写一封信表示感谢，内容包括：1.表达谢意；2.回顾Peter对你的招待；3.邀请他来中国旅游。注意：1.词数应为80左右；2.可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ItallbeganwhenImovedtoDallasinthefourthgrade,andInoticedthatIwasbehindinmyreadingatSchool.Readingoutloud,Ihaddifficultywithhalfthesentences.Myteacher,Mrs.Agnew,saidmyreadingcomprehensionandabilitytopronouncewordswasatalowerlevelthanotherfourthgraders.Iwasscaredeverytimeshecalledonmetoreadaloudbecause,althoughIwouldtrymyhardest,shewouldalwayshavetohelpmewiththewords.Mrs.AgnewsuggestedtomymotherthatIbetestedfordyslexia(发育性阅读障碍)andseekacure.AtfirstIdidn’tunderstandwhyIwasbeingtested.Tobehonest,Iwasinfearoffacingfailurethen.Nervousandconfused,Isatwait