新疆昌吉市昌吉市第四中学2022-2023学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题（原卷版）

2/2新疆昌吉市第四中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题一、阅读理解（共30分）Thebenefitsofregularexercisearewelldocumentedbutthere'sanewbonustoaddtotheever-growinglist.Newresearchfoundthatmiddle-agedwomenwhowerephysicallyfitcouldbenearly90percentlesslikelytodevelopdementia(失智症)inlaterlife-andiftheydid,itcameonadecadelaterthanlesssportywomen.LeadresearcherDrHelenaHörder,oftheUniversityofGothenburginSweden,said:“Thesefindingsareexcitingbecauseit’spossiblethatimprovingpeople’scardiovascular(心血管的)fitnessinmiddleagecoulddelayorevenpreventthemfromdevelopingdementia.”Forthestudy,191womenwithanaverageageof50tookabicycleexercisetestuntiltheyweretiredouttomeasuretheirpeak(最大值的)cardiovascularcapacity.Theaveragepeakworkloadwasmeasuredat103watts.Atotalof40womenmetthecriteriaforahighfitnesslevelwithacapacityof120wattsorhigher,while92womenwereinthemediumfitnesscategory.Atotalof59wereoflowfitnesslevel,withapeakworkloadof80wattsorless,orhavingtheirtestsstoppedbecauseofhealthproblems.Thesewomenwerethentestedfordementiasixtimesoverthefollowingfourdecades.Duringthattime,44ofthewomendevelopeddementia.Fivepercentofthehighlyfitwomendevelopeddementia,comparedto25percentofthewomenwithmediumfitnessand32percentofthewomenwithlowfitness.“However,thisstudydoesnotshowcauseandeffectbetweencardiovascularfitnessanddementia,itonlyshowsanassociation.”saidHörder.“Moreresearchisneededtoseeifimprovedfitnesscouldhaveapositiveeffectontheriskofdementiaandalsotolookatwhenduringalifetimeahighfitnesslevelismostimportant.”Shealsoadmittedthatarelativelysmallnumberofwomenwerestudied,allofwhomwerefromSweden,sotheresultsmightnotbeapplicabletoothergroups.1.Whatisontheever-growinglistmentionedinthefirstparagraph?A.Positiveeffectsofdoingexercise.B.Exercisessuitableforthemiddle-aged.C.Experimentalstudiesondementia.D.Advantagesofsportywomenovermen.2.Whydidtheresearchersaskthewomentodobicycleexercise?A.Topredicttheirmaximumheartrate.B.Toassesstheircardiovascularcapacity.C.Tochangetheirhabitofworkingout.D.Todetecttheirpotentialhealthproblems.3.WhatdoweknowaboutDrHörder’sstudy?A.Itaimedtofindacurefordementia.B.Theresultswerefarfromsatisfactory.C.Someparticipantswithdrewfromit.D.Datacollectionwasalengthyprocess.4.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MoreWomenAreExercisingtoPreventDementiaB.Middle-AgedWomenNeedtoDoMoreExerciseC.FitWomenAreLessLikelytoDevelopDementiaD.BikingImprovesWomen’sCardiovascularFitnessFlower-drumdancingisatraditionalChinesefolkperformance.ItispopularacrossthecountyespeciallyinplacessuchasFengyanginAnhui,GuangshaninHenan,andHaianinJiangsu.TheHaianflower-drumdancedatesbacktomorethan400yearsago.ItbecamepopularintheareasoftheYangtzeRiverandtheHuaiheRiverintheMingDynasty(1368-1644).Theartformwasusedtoshowthepeacefullivesoflocalfisherwomen.Itisstillpopularwithlocalpeople,knownforitslivelymovementsandgentlemusic.In2007,theHaianflower-drumdancewasincludedinthelistofartformsthatmakeupJiangsu'sprovincialintangible(非物质的)culturalheritage.YangPeijie,71,isaninheritor(传承)oftheHaianflower-drumdance.Hehasbeenperformingthedanceformorethan50years."Ithasbecomeapartofmylife,"hesaid.Inthe1960s,Yangjoinedanarttroupe(艺术团)andstartedtolearnthedancefromolderartists.Atthattime,peoplecouldonlylearnitinthisway.Therewerenotextbooks.Worryingtheartmaybecomelost,Yangspentfiveyearsstudyingthehistoryofthedanceandrecordeditsmovementsindetail.Hevisitedalmostallthelocalartistsandwroteabookaboutthesubjectinthe1980s.AccordingtoYang,thedancemovementsareeasytolearnandunderstandastheycomefromeverydaylife."Forexample,thereisamovementcalledfengbailiu(风摆柳)，itmeansyoutwist(扭动)yourbodylikethewindblowingthewillowtrees(柳树).’’Nowadays,Yangfocusesonpromotingthedanceamongallagegroups,especiallytheyoung.Hesetupateamtoworkonthis.Theteammembersvisitabouteightschoolseachyeartoteachstudents.Ithasbeenaddedtobreak-timeexercisesinmanylocalschools."Tomakeiteasierforkidstolearn,webreakdowndifficultmovementsintoseveralsimpleones,"Yangsaid.Theyalsogotocommunitiesandparkstoteacholderpeople."It'smyresponsibilitytopassdowntheart.Idon'twanttoseeitgetlostinmylifetime,"Yangsaid.5.WhatdoweknowabouttheHaianflower-drumdance?A.Itwaslinkedtothelivesoflocalfishermen.B.Itisfamousforitslightmovementsandmusic.C.Itwasincludedintheintangibleculturalheritagelistin2007.D.ItoriginatedintheareasoftheYangtzeRiverintheMingDynasty.6.WhatdidYangdotokeeptheartalive?A.Heputdownwhatisrelevanttoitinthe1980s.B.Heconsultedthelocalgovernmentaboutitshistory.C.Hewrotedownthelocalartists'dancemovesindetail.D.Hejoinedanarttroupetolearnthedancefromolderartists.7.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Yang'sloveforflower-drumdance.B.ThewaysYangteachesflower-drumdance.C.Difficultiesinpromotingflower-drumdance.D.Yang'sattemptstopopularizeflower-drumdance.8.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleofthispassage?A.Promotingaforkart B.KeepingthedrumbeatC.Continuingtoperformadance D.LearningtotwistyourbodyClaraBarton,bornonDecember25,1821,iswidelyknownasoneofthemosthonoredwomeninAmericanhistory.ShelivedinWashington,D.C.,whentheCivilWarbeganin1861.Sheheardstoriesofwoundedandsufferingsoldiers.Sheimmediatelyrecognizedthatthepoorlyequippedsoldiersneededhelp.Insteadofwaitingforotherstostepin,Claracollectednecessarythingsonherown,askedthepublicfordonationsandlearnedhowtostoreanddistributethemtothesoldiersinthebattlefield.AftertheBattleofCedarMountaininnorthernVirginiain1863,Claraarrivedatafieldhospitalatmidnightwithavehiclefullofsupplies.AdoctornamedPaulSmithatthathospitalwouldlaterwrite,“Ithoughtheavenhadsentoutanangelthatnight—herassistancearrivedatexactlytherighttime.Afterfouryearsofhardwork,ClarafellillandmovedtoSwitzerlandtorecover.ItwastherethatshefirstlearnedaboutagroupcalledtheRedCross.Thisgroupworkedtohelppeoplewhoweresufferingduringtimesofwar.ButtheUnitedStatesdidnottakepartinthen.Clara,returnedhomeandbegantoestablishtheRedCrossinAmerica.Sheworkedhard,travellingtoWashingtonforsupport,gavespeechesandwrotearticlestowinthesupportofthepublic.ShetoldpeopletheRedCrosswasnotonlyimportantduringtimesofwar,butalsousefulinpeacetime.Thisgottheattentionofboththepublicandthepoliticians,andthustheAmericanAssociationoftheRedCrosscameintobeingin1881.ClaraBartonretiredfromtheRedCrossin1904.Shedied8yearslateronApril12,1912.HerlegacywiththeAmericanRedCrossliveson.9.WhatdidClaraBartonwanttododuringthewartime?A.Helpsomefamiliestorebuildtheirhome.B.Advisethegovernmenttobuysomemedicalsupplies.C.Treatthewoundedsoldiersbyherself.DCollectmoneytobuymedicalsupplies.10.AsismentionedinParagraph2,whenseeingClaraBarton’sarrival,howdidDr.Smithfeel?A.Proudandjoyful.B.Excitedandgrateful.C.Shyandnervous.D.Exhaustedandupset.11.Whatwastheauthor’spurposeforwritingthispassage?AToexplainhowdangerousbeingasoldierwasduringtheCivilWar.B.TocompareandcontrasttheRedCrossinSwitzerlandandAmerica.C.Todescribeanimportanthistoricalfigure.D.ToillustratethehistoryoftheRedCross.Oneday,whenIwasgoingtocheckinatanairport,Inoticedtherewasabigproblem.Thecounterpersonwastellingeveryonethatalltheplaneswerehavingproblemsandtheywouldnotbeabletofly!AnditwassuggestedthatabuswouldbeprovidedtotakeustoSeattle.Everyonewasworried,asweonlyhadanhourandahalftomaketheconnectingflight,andthebuswasnotevenattheairportyet.Finally,thebuspulledup,andthedriversaid,“Theyjustpulledmeoutofbedafteranall-nightshift(夜班),andtheyexpectmetogetyoutoSeattleintimetocatchyourflight.GoodLuck!”Needlesstosay,everyonewasinareallybadmood.Iwasloadingmyluggageintothebusandhadslung(吊)mybanjoovermybackwhenthedriversaid,“What?Areyougoingtoplaythatinmybus?”“Well,reallydidnotplanonit,”Ireplied.“Iwasonlykidding,”saidthedriver.ButIstartedthinkingaboutit,andIpulledoutthebanjo.Aworried,angrywomansaid,“Well,whatifIdon'tlikeit?”“ThentellmeandIwillstop,”Ireplied.Wedroveoff,andthetension(紧张)madetheatmosphereinthebushorrendous!ThenIstartedplucking(弹奏)theoldsongBlueSkies.Inafewminutes,Inoticedeveryonewassingingalong.Istartedtosing,too,andbeforelong,thewholebusburstintosong.Onesongledtoanotherandeveryoneseemedtohavearequest.“DoyouknowYouAreMySunshine?”Everyonelaughedandsang,withfoodpassedaroundthebus,andbeforelong,theairportwasinsight.Thebusdrivercalled,“Wemadeit!Weneverwouldhavedoneitwithoutthehelpofourbanjoplayer.”Shoutsofapprovalrangthroughthebus.Thedriversaidtome,“ThiswasthebestrideIeverhad.Thanksforyourmusic.”Afewweekslater,mymailboxwasfilledwithlettersfrommynewfriends.Theirlettersremindedmeofhow,byreachingoutwithjustasong,youcanturnaverytensesituationintoapeacefulexperience-amagical,musicalbusride.12.WhatcanwelearnaboutthedriverfromhiswordsinParagraph2?A.Hewasgladtotakethosepeopletotheairport.B.Hewaslatebecausehejustreturnedfromanall-nightshift.C.Hethoughtitwashardtogetthosepeopletotheairportintime.D.Hethoughthewasluckytotakethosepeopletotheairport.13.Whentheauthordecidedtoplayhisbanjo,________.A.thedriverfullysupportedhim B.notallthepassengerspreferredthatideaCallthepassengersdislikedthatidea D.thewholebusburstintosong14.Theunderlinedword“horrendous”inParagraph4canbereplacedby_________.A.changeable B.strangeC.verybad D.cheerful15.Whatdoesthistextmainlytellus?A.Awonderfulmusicalbusride. B.AnunforgettableflighttoSeattle.C.Agreatbanjoplayer. D.Theamazingfriendshiponabus.二、七选五（共15分）HowtoTeachKidsAboutSettingGoals___16___Itcanbecomeaneasyprocessforalifetimeifkidsaretaughtgoalsettingatanearlystage.Theyneedtobeofferedaprojecttomakethemworkonachievingsomethingpersonal.Setsmartgoals.Agoalneedstobemeasurable,specific,realisticandtimelyinordertobeeffective.Kidsprefergeneralizingwhenitcomestogoalsetting.Forexample,onemaywanttobethebestbasketballplayerintheteam.___17___Whatexactlydoesagoallikethismean?Youneedtoaskthemtobespecific.Beginwithscoringtwobasketsineachgame(orhowevermany;justsomethingmeasurable!)sothattheycankeeppushingthebarrierstoachievegreatergoals.Writedowngoals.___18___Recentstudiesshowthatwhengoalsarewrittendowntheindividualislikelytoachievethem.___19___Kidshavethehabitofchoosinggoalsthatjustseemimpossibletoachieve.Youneedtoteachthemthemeaningofshortandlong-termgoalsandgiveyourchildrealitychecks.Setupreviewpoints.Youcanaskthemtowritetheirmaingoalontheposterandmentionthestepstheywouldtakeforachievingtheirgoal.___20___Itisimportanttohelpyourchildrenhavetheirowncheckpointsystemsthatactuallyworkforthem.A.Learntosetalong-termgoal.B.Howisagoallikethismeasured?C.Giveupgoalsthatarenotrealistic.D.Thistipissupportedbyscienceaswell.E.Goalscanneverbeachievedunlesstheyarewrittendown.F.Itisessentialforeverybody,especiallyforkids,tosetgoalsinlife.G.Youcanalsoaskthemtotracktheirprogressonceaweekormonth.三、完形填空（共30分）IgrewupinMichiganandhavelovedboatssinceIwasyoung.I’dgooutonmydad’sfishingboat,andeverybirthdayI’dgetaminiatureboatwithaviewingwindow.InMichigan,we’re____21____bylakesandIsoondiscoveredthatIloveddivingand____22____skippedschooldaysforthebeach.Threeyearsago,I____23____putforwardanideaofrunningglass-bottomboattourstoaninvestor.Itstartedin2018.Atpresent,Mysons____24____,manningthedeck(甲板)andphones.WeheadoutontheCheboyganriverandLakeHuron.Wesailpastlotsofplacesof____25____,withahistorianonboardexplainingthehistory.Weoftenscantherivertoseewhatwecanfind.Oneweekendthisyear,Imeta____26____client.IthoughtIshouldfindsomethingtoshowhimandmanagedtofindagiantshell.ThenIsawagreenbottle.Iswamtomyboat,tookaphotoandthenopenedthebottle.Itwasfullofwaterandhadapaperinside.I____27____thepaperandsawthedate—November1926.Wewereallamazed.Thenote____28____:“ReturnthispapertoGeorgeMorrow.”Iwassoexcitedtohavefoundit.Wemadesuretokeepthepapersafe.Beforeleavingtheharbor,IpostedapictureonmyFacebookpageanddidn’texpectwhatfollowed.Thenextmorning,myphone____29____withmessages.WhileIwasdrivinghome,IgotaphonecallfromMichelePrimeau.ShetoldmeshewasGeorgeMorrow’sdaughter.Ididn’tbelieveher_____30_____.Shesaidherdadwouldfloatnotesinbottleswhenhewentonvacationor_____31_____theminwallswhenredecorating.She_____32_____hehadpostedthisoneonhis18thbirthday.Inautumn,Michelecametovisit.Shebroughtsomeofhiswritingandthehandwritingmatched.She_____33_____Ikeepthemessageandthebottle.Itnowsitsinadisplaycaseinmyshop.ThatFacebookpostnowhas87,000_____34_____.Inahardyear,thediscoveryhasbroughtpurejoy._____35_____aScubadiver(水肺潜水员),thisfeelslikealifetimeachievement.21.A.surrounded B.estimated C.defended D.integrated22.A.even B.somehow C.merely D.anyhow23.A.exceptionally B.entirely C.gradually D.successfully24.A.callout B.helpwith C.helpout D.callup25.A.history B.significance C.interest D.entertainment26.A.elegant B.remote C.reliable D.potential27.A.unfolded B.opened C.uncovered D.exposed28.A.presented B.wrote C.read D.showed29.A.pouredout B.blewup C.brokeout D.setup30A.atfirst B.aboveall C.inturn D.inreturn31.A.stuffed B.displayed C.deserted D.hid32.A.spokeup B.workedout C.spokeout D.workedup33.A.insisted B.convinced C.appealed D.anticipated34.A.critics B.fans C.likes D.inquiries35.A.For B.As C.With D.Alongside四、短文改错（共10分）36.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后